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1.
Gong Jianya 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(2):75-76
Digital Elevation Models (DEM) of a hilly–valley region are prepared using stereo images of Cartosat-1 and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) images. The procedure of ortho-image generation from Cartosat-1 stereo images and the estimation of ground features from ortho-image are elaborated in the paper. Comparison of DEMs prepared from both images is discussed in terms of the quality of ground features detection, hydrological applications and geometrical calculations. It is found that DEM prepared from Cartosat-1 images are more accurate in the valley region and hence it is better suited for hydrological applications. On the contrary, for hilly region, SRTM images produce better DEM. However, if ground control points and Rational Polynomial Coefficients can be obtained in the hilly region, more accurate DEM can be prepared using Cartosat-1 stereo images. 相似文献
2.
A. Östman 《The Photogrammetric Record》1987,12(69):333-341
The object of this paper is to study the geometric accuracy of photogrammetrically sampled digital elevation models (DEMs)obtained by using an on line graphical DEM editor. As a reference, DEMs obtained by regular grid measurements have been used. Three different test areas are used in the study, each representing different ground types and degrees of homogeneity. The DEMs have been evaluated with respect to their standard errors in elevation, slope and curvature. The results show that the standard errors are not improved by using the on line DEM editor. It is also demonstrated that an increased point density decreases the standard error in elevation while its effect on the standard error in slope is limited. The standard error in curvature is almost independent of the point density. 相似文献
3.
雷达干涉测量技术获取多分辨率山区高程模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用一组间隔仅为一天的高分辨雷达卫星COSMO-Skymed影像获取西部某山区4个不同分辨率（4m、10m、20m、50m）的数字高程模型（DEM）。由于西部高山空白区缺乏实测资料,所以以航天飞机雷达地形测绘（SRTM）为参考数字高程模型（DEM）并从其中获取较为可靠的足量地面控制点,从图像中选取高坡度、低坡度、低相干性三个区域,分别从坡度、相干性、分辨率三个方面,比较、分析山区DEM的精度。研究表明：利用合成孔径雷达干涉（InSAR）技术获取的与SRTMDEM基本一致;低坡度区域比高坡度区域的精度更高;相比于低坡度地区,高坡度地区的高程差值对分辨率的变化更为敏感;DEM分辨率越高,与SRTMDEM的差值就越大,与SRTMDEM本身的分辨率较小有关;对于低相干区域,其可靠性有待商榷,即使其50m分辨率的DEM与SRTMDEM也存在较大差距。 相似文献
4.
作为"云控制"摄影测量理论和方法的发展,研究了DEM约束的立体卫星影像区域网平差方法。与DEM仅作为高程控制信息使用,或者是通过DEM表面匹配实现绝对定向的间接定位方法不同,DEM作为平高控制信息被直接引入至基于RFM模型的卫星影像区域网平差之中。本文方法将连接点地面高程与DEM格网内插高程之差作为虚拟观测值构建约束方程,不仅利用了DEM高程信息,并且利用了其地形曲面包含的平面信息,以"云控制"方式在区域网平差过程中有效消除卫星影像RPC参数中包含的整体偏移及区域网内部的扭曲变形,实现了无地面控制点条件下卫星影像平面及高程绝对定位精度的大幅提升。使用覆盖山东全境的330景天绘一号立体卫星影像进行试验,分别以AW3D30、ASTER GDEM和SRTM GL3共3种开源DEM作为控制信息,并使用100个外业实测控制点进行精度评测。试验表明,以DEM作为控制可显著提高区域网平差的平面与高程精度,卫星影像绝对定位精度与DEM自身精度有关。当使用AW3D30作为控制时,可以取得与使用100个外业控制点平差同等精度,平面中误差为5.0 m(约1像素),高程中误差为2.9 m。试验结果证明了DEM替代外业控制点作为平差控制信息的有效性与可行性。 相似文献
5.
Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and texture mapping of buildings or other man-made objects are key aspects for 3D city landscapes. An effective coarse-to-fine approach for 3D building model generation and texture mapping based on digital photogrammetric techniques is proposed. Three video image sequences, two oblique views of building walls and one vertical view of building roofs, acquired by a digital video camera mounted on a helicopter, are used as input images. Lidar data and a coarse two-dimensional (2D) digital vector map used for car navigation are also used as information sources. Automatic aerial triangulation (AAT) suitable for a high overlap image sequence is used to give initial values of camera parameters of each image. To obtain accurate image lines, the correspondence between outlines of the building and their line features in the image sequences is determined with a coarse-to-fine strategy. A hybrid point/line bundle adjustment is used to ensure the stability and accuracy of reconstruction. Reconstructed buildings with fine textures superimposed on a digital elevation model (DEM) and ortho-image are realistically visualised. Experimental results show that the proposed approach of 3D city model generation has a promising future in many applications. 相似文献
6.
Processing of Laser Scanner Data and Extraction of Structure Lines Using Methods of the Image Processing 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
SUILi-chun 《测绘学报》2004,33(1):63-70
激光扫描数据提供了一种新的手段用于获取高精度的数字地形表面模型. 原始的航空激光扫描数据表达的是一些非规则分布的"点云", 这些非规则分布的点需要进行有效的事后处理. 这种事后处理有2个目的:一是将那些分布在地表面上的点(即地面点)与分布在非地表面上的点(譬如树木、房屋或汽车上的点, 即非地面点)进行有效的分离;二是从分离后的地面点中提取结构线, 用于建立高精度的数字地面模型. 作者发展了一系列的基于数字形态学理论和稳健参数估计理论的方法用于分离和探测地面点. 这里所介绍和开发的提取结构线的算法建立在数字图像处理和表面曲率理论的基础上. 这些算法同样可以扩展地用于其他领域. 所介绍的基于数字图像处理理论处理原始的航空激光扫瞄数据和提取结构线的方法取得了很好的结果. 这一结论可以在本文中通过一系列的插图得到有力的证明. 相似文献
7.
Jeffrey Shan 《The Photogrammetric Record》2001,17(98):343-353
This paper describes an approach to single image automatic orientation and point determination by using current ortho-images and a DTM, and the experience gained in its implementation. The procedure proposed automatically extracts and matches feature points in evenly distributed patches on aerial images and ortho-images. A large number of image measurements (up to several thousand) are obtained in this process and are included in a robust space resection to determine the orientation parameters of the aerial image. For point determination with a single image, a method is formalised which integrates the DTM interpolation into the space resection so that the 3D ground coordinates of the image points can be determined in a unified mathematical model. Tests and analyses of this method show that the large number of automatic image measurements relieves the requirement for complicated and precise feature extraction and matching methods. The ground points obtained from single image intersection have an accuracy of approximately 1 pixel in planimetry, which fulfils the requirement for ortho-image updating. The elevation accuracy is mainly dependent on the quality of the current DTM and the interpolation method applied to it. 相似文献
8.
A case study of using external DEM in InSAR DEM generation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ZHOUChunxia GELinlin EDongchen CHANGHsingchung 《地球空间信息科学学报》2005,8(1):14-18
Synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) has been used as an innovative technique for digital elevation model (DEM) and topographic map generation. In this paper, external DEMs are used for InSAR DEM generation to reduce the errors in data processing. The DEMs generated from repeat-pass InSAR are compared. For steep slopes and severe changes in topography, phase unwrapping quality can be improved by subtracting the phase calculated from an external DEM. It is affirmative that the absolute height accuracy of the InSAR DEM is improved by using external DEM. The data processing was undertaken without the use of ground control points and other manual operation. 相似文献
9.
基于参考DEM的机载InSAR定标方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究无人工靶标的干涉定标方法对促进机载InSAR技术在山区等复杂地形的测绘、制图等定量应用有重要的实用价值。本文提出一种新的基于参考DEM的干涉定标方法,在InSAR定标中用已知高程精度的参考DEM与待定标的InSAR系统生成的DEM进行比较,利用参考DEM模拟SAR图像,获得大量定标所需的控制点坐标来建立敏感度矩阵,并对敏感度方程的解算进行了改进,同时将干涉处理与定标过程相结合,改进了干涉处理过程,最后得到定标后的干涉参数并生成DEM,利用机载数据进行了实验验证,并分析了无人工靶标干涉定标实验结果的误差。 相似文献
10.
DEM matching is a technique to match two surfaces or two DEMs, at different reference frames. It was originally proposed to replace the need of ground control points for absolute orientation of perspective images. This paper examines DEM matching for precise mapping of pushbroom images without ground control points. We proved that DEM matching based on 3D similarity transformation can be used when model errors are only on the platform’s position and attitude biases. We also proposed how to estimate bias errors and how to update rigorous pushbroom sensor models from DEM matching results. We used a SPOT-5 stereo pair at ground sampling distance of 2.5 m and a reference DEM dataset at grid spacing of 30 m and showed that rigorous pushbroom models with accuracy better than twice of the ground sampling distance both in image and object space have been achieved through DEM matching. We showed further that DEM matching based on 3D similarity transformation may not work for pushbroom images with drift or drift rate errors. We discussed the effects of DEM outliers on DEM matching and automated removal of outliers. The major contribution of this paper is that we validate DEM matching, theoretically and experimentally, for estimating position and attitude biases and for establishing rigorous sensor models for pushbroom images. 相似文献
11.
针对目前SAR干涉测量中基线估计现存的问题,提出了利用Kalman滤波和配准参数进行基线估计的方法.所提出的方法具有不需地面控制点、不受地形限制和不依赖于轨道参数等优点,并可以估计时变的基线参数.利用南京地区的ERS-1/2 tandem数据进行了试验研究,并对提出的方法进行了验证.结果表明,在精确的卫星轨道数据和地面控制点不能获取时,所提出的方法仍能有效地估计InSAR基线.这在一定程度上补偿了轨道偏移带来的误差,为获取高精度的DEM奠定了基础. 相似文献
12.
利用轨道参数修正的无控制点星载SAR图像几何校正方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
使用距离多普勒模型进行SAR图像几何校正时,卫星轨道误差、系统成像参数误差和DEM高程的误差会影响几何校正精度。本文提出了一种基于轨道参数修正的星载SAR图像几何校正方法。首先利用多项式对卫星轨道进行参数化,然后使用模拟SAR图像与真实SAR图像进行匹配得到控制点来修正轨道参数,最后利用修正后的参数进行几何精校正,从而提高几何校正精度。该方法无需地面控制点,适用于不易于人工测量获取地面控制点地区的SAR图像几何校正,与基于模拟SAR图像匹配并使用多项式改正的几何校正方法相比,本文方法具有更高的精度。使用Radarsat-2图像进行试验,并使用地面实测GPS控制点验证了本方法的有效性。 相似文献
13.
14.
Mritunjay Kumar Singh R.D. Gupta Snehmani Anshuman Bhardwaj Ashwagosha Ganju 《国际地球制图》2016,31(5):506-526
The orbital and the rational polynomial coefficients (RPC) models are the two most commonly used models to compute a three-dimensional coordinates from an image stereo-pair. But it is still confusing that with the identical user provided inputs, which one of these two models provides more accurate digital elevation model (DEM), especially for mountainous terrain. This study aimed to find out the answer by evaluating the impact of used models on the vertical accuracy of DEM extracted from Cartosat-1 stereo data. We used high-accuracy photogrammetric DEM as the reference DEM. Apart from general variations in statistics, surprisingly in a few instances, both the DEMs provided contrasting results, thus proving the significance of this study. The computed root mean square errors and linear error at 90% (LE90) were lower in case of RPC DEM for various classes of slope, aspect and land cover, thus suggesting its better relative accuracy. 相似文献
15.
16.
Accuracy assessment of lidar-derived digital elevation models 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Despite the relatively high cost of airborne lidar-derived digital elevation models (DEMs), such products are usually presented without a satisfactory associated estimate of accuracy. For the most part, DEM accuracy estimates are typically provided by comparing lidar heights against a finite sample of check point coordinates from an independent source of higher accuracy, supposing a normal distribution of the derived height differences or errors. This paper proposes a new methodology to assess the vertical accuracy of lidar DEMs using confidence intervals constructed from a finite sample of errors computed at check points. A non-parametric approach has been tested where no particular error distribution is assumed, making the proposed methodology especially applicable to non-normal error distributions of the type usually found in DEMs derived from lidar. The performance of the proposed model was experimentally validated using Monte Carlo simulation on 18 vertical error data-sets. Fifteen of these data-sets were computed from original lidar data provided by the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Working Group III/3, using their respective filtered reference data as ground truth. The three remaining data-sets were provided by the Natural Environment Research Council's Airborne Research and Survey Facility lidar system, together with check points acquired using high precision kinematic GPS. The results proved promising, the proposed models reproducing the statistical behaviour of vertical errors of lidar using a favourable number of check points, even in the cases of data-sets with non-normally distributed residuals. This research can therefore be considered as a potentially important step towards improving the quality control of lidar-derived DEMs. 相似文献
17.
XU Junfeng HUANG Jingfeng 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(2):108-111
IKONOS image has been wildly used in city planning, precision agriculture and emergence response. However, the accuracy of IKONOS Geo product is limited due to distortion caused by terrain relief. Orthorectification was performed to remove the distortion and the impact of different DEM on orthorectification were evaluated. 38 ground control points （GCPs） and 25 independent check points （ICPs） were collected. DEMs were generated from 1 ： 10 000 and 1 ： 50 000 topographic maps. Results show that RMS error at the check points is 1. 554 0 m using DEM generated from 1 ： 10 000 topographic map, which can meet the accuracy requirement of IKONOS Precision product （1.9 m RMSE）. While RMS error is 2. 572 4 m using DEM generated from 1 ： 50 000 topographic map. 相似文献
18.
针对目前DEM（Digital Elevation Model, DEM）数字地形分析的精度评价多数不考虑DEM误差的空间自相关性或仅仅采用经验的自相关性模型问题,本文从DEM插值入手,从理论上推导了插值条件下格网DEM邻域窗口内坡度噪声误差的空间自相关性模型以及坡度精度模型,并选取典型的插值方法和坡度差分算法,从实验角度分析了在顾及和不顾及空间自相关性两种情况下的格网DEM坡度计算模型的噪声精度,实验结果表明：坡度精度受DEM噪声误差的空间自相关性影响较大,并与DEM插值方法和坡度计算模型中的差分算法有关。 相似文献
19.
一种交互式DEM粗差检测方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
无论用何种方式建立数字高程模型(DEM),都需要有效的粗差检测(质量控制)。本文从数字影像处理的原理出发,将DEM转换成影像,并对其进行影像处理,从而对DEM中的粗差点(亦即DEM影像中的特征点)进行自动定位或消除。整个程序采用菜单及窗口环境设计,用户操作十分方便。试验结果证实了其有效性。 相似文献
20.
Volkan Yilmaz Berkant Konakoglu Cigdem Serifoglu Oguz Gungor Ertan Gökalp 《国际地球制图》2018,33(3):310-320
With the advent of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for mapping applications, it is possible to generate 3D dense point clouds using stereo images. This technology, however, has some disadvantages when compared to Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) system. Unlike LiDAR, digital cameras mounted on UAVs are incapable of viewing beneath the canopy, which leads to sparse points on the bare earth surface. In such cases, it is more challenging to remove points belonging to above-ground objects using ground filtering algorithms generated especially for LiDAR data. To tackle this problem, a methodology employing supervised image classification for filtering 3D point clouds is proposed in this study. A classified image is overlapped with the point cloud to determine the ground points to be used for digital elevation model (DEM) generation. Quantitative evaluation results showed that filtering the point cloud with this methodology has a good potential for high-resolution DEM generation. 相似文献