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1.
Jinhong Bi Qi Li Xinjun Zhang Zhixin Zhang Jinling Tian Yushan Xu Wenguang Liu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(2):341-350
Seasonal variation of biochemical components in clam (Saxidomus purpuratus Sowerby 1852) was investigated from March 2012 to February 2013 in relation to environmental condition of Sanggou Bay and the reproductive cycle of clam. According to the histological analysis, the reproductive cycle of S. purpuratus includes two distinctive phases: a total spent and inactive stage from November to January, and a gametogenesis stage, including ripeness and spawning, during the rest of the year. Gametes were generated at a low temperature (2.1°C) in February. Spawning took place once a year from June to October. The massive spawning occurred in August when the highest water temperature and chlorophyll a level could be observed. The key biochemical components (glycogen, protein and lipid) in five tissues (gonad, foot, mantle, siphon and adductor muscle) were analyzed. The glycogen content was high before gametogenesis, and decreased significantly during the gonad development in the gonad, mantle and foot of both females and males, suggesting that glycogen was an important energy source for gonad development. The protein and lipid contents increased in the ovary during the gonad development, demonstrating that they are the major organic components of oocytes. The lipid and protein contents decreased in the testis, implying that they can provide energy and material for spermatogenesis. The results also showed that protein stored in the mantle and foot could support the reproduction after the glycogen was depleted. 相似文献
2.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,(3)
Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition and the reproductive cycle of pen shell Atrina pectinata in Bohai Sea were investigated from May 2013 to April 2014. Histological analysis indicated that the reproductive cycle of A. pectinata can be divided into two phases, inactive stage and gametogenesis, which were equally and significantly influenced by seawater temperature and food availability. Gametogenesis began in late autumn(October), and completed in June and July. Spawning took place in August, coinciding with the highest water temperature and the richest phytoplankton. The significantly high glycogen content in adductor muscles sustained throughout the late active and ripeness stages, but plummeted during spawning and inactive stages. The protein content in female gonads exhibited a synchronous increase along with oocyte diameter and lipid content, suggesting that the female gonads could accumulate protein and lipid for vitelline in A. pectinata. Furthermore, the RNA/DNA ratio was found to be a useful index to indicate the level of gonad maturation in both males and females. The findings of the present study provided a foundation for the fishery resource administration and the aquaculture development of this species. 相似文献
3.
Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition and the reproductive cycle of pen shell Atrina pectinata in Bohai Sea were investigated from May 2013 to April 2014. Histological analysis indicated that the reproductive cycle of A. pectinata can be divided into two phases, inactive stage and gametogenesis, which were equally and significantly influenced by seawater temperature and food availability. Gametogenesis began in late autumn (October), and completed in June and July. Spawning took place in August, coinciding with the highest water temperature and the richest phytoplankton. The significantly high glycogen content in adductor muscles sustained throughout the late active and ripeness stages, but plummeted during spawning and inactive stages. The protein content in female gonads exhibited a synchronous increase along with oocyte diameter and lipid content, suggesting that the female gonads could accumulate protein and lipid for vitelline in A. pectinata. Furthermore, the RNA/DNA ratio was found to be a useful index to indicate the level of gonad maturation in both males and females. The findings of the present study provided a foundation for the fishery resource administration and the aquaculture development of this species. 相似文献
4.
From March 2004 to February 2005,seasonal variations in lipid content and fatty acid composition of gonad of the cockle Fulvia mutica(Reeve) were studied on the eastern coast of China in relation to the reproductive cycle and environment conditions(e.g.,temperature and food availability).Histological analysis as well as lipid and fatty acid analyses were performed on neutral and polar lipids of the gonad.Results showed that gametogenesis occurred in winter and spring at the expense of lipids previously accumulated in summer and autumn,whereas spawning occurred in summer(20.4-24.6℃).The seasonal variation in lipid content was similar to that of the mean oocyte diameter.In both neutral and polar lipids,the 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 levels were relatively higher than saturated fatty acids,and polyunsaturated fatty acids were abundant,with series n-3 as the predominant component.Seasonal variations in the 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 levels and the principal n-3 fatty acids were clearly related to the reproductive cycle.The ∑(n-3) and ∑(n-6) values were relatively high during January-May,and the associated unsaturation index was significantly higher than that in other months.The results suggest that fatty acids play an important role in the gametogenesis of F.mutica. 相似文献
5.
Heat shocks effectively produced triploids inPenaeus chinensis. Fertilized eggs heat shocked (28–32°C) for 8 to 16 minutes, starting from 8 to 20 minutes after spawning, resulted in triploidy
induction rates of 39%–75%. Several triploid populations were cultured to 10 cm. In a triploid population, two kinds of ovaries
were observed. Histological examination showed apparent differences between these two kinds of ovaries, whereas among male
shrimp, there were no such differences.
Contribution No. 3465 from the Institute of Oceanology. Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The study was supported by the International Foundation for Science, Asian Fisheries Society and Chinese Climbing Project
PDB 6–2, and Chinese National 863 Project (No. 863-819-01-05). 相似文献
6.
周年采集环沟格特蛤（Katelysiarimularis）分别测定生长指标（总重、软体部重、性腺重、肝重和软体部干重等）并用组织切片观察性腺发育的状况，以确定性腺发育的周期和时间。组织的光镜研究说明环沟格特蛤雌雄性腺发育均可分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期。在厦门吴冠镇环沟格特蛤1月开始其性腺发育,3月进入生长期，5～6月成熟，5～11月都有产卵，每年7月11月各有一次排卵高峰期。 相似文献
7.
The limited knowledge about the relationships between environmental factors and the maturation and reproductive seasonality of nemerteans is mostly obtained from field studies, and in many cases is conjectural. Few species have been studied under well-controlled laboratory conditions. In this work, the effects of temperature and photoperiod on gonad development and spawning of Cephalothrix hongkongiensis were observed by rearing worms under different temperatures and photoperiods. Worms reared at 4℃ and 6℃ showed no growth or gonadal development, and all died within 109 days. At 8℃ and 12℃, gonads could be seen from 90 days to the termination of the 360-day experiment, but no spawning was observed. Worms maintained at 16, 24, and 28℃ showed both gonadal development and spawning, and matured faster at higher temperatures. Under a fixed temperature(16℃), photoperiod did not have any significant impact on maturation and spawning. It is likely that temperature plays a major role in regulating the maturation and reproductive cycle of C. hongkongiensis. 相似文献
8.
珠母贝、亲贝人工促熟培育与催产的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从23 ~24℃开始,每4~5d升高水温1℃,终至26~27℃,并用亚心形扁藻(Platymonassubcordiformis)、三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylartriconrutum)及辅助饲料投喂培育,促进珠母贝[Pinctadamargaritifera(Linne) ]亲贝性腺发育成熟。用阴干刺激、异性产物刺激及浓扁藻液结合诱导,催产率达100%。 相似文献
9.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,(1)
Glycogen is important not only for the energy supplementary of oysters, but also for human consumption. High glycogen content can improve the stress survival of oyster. A key enzyme in glycogenesis is glycogen synthase that is encoded by glycogen synthase gene GYS. In this study, the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in coding regions of Crassostrea gigas GYS(Cg-GYS) and individual glycogen content was investigated with 321 individuals from five full-sib families. Single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) procedure was combined with sequencing to confirm individual SNP genotypes of Cg-GYS. Least-square analysis of variance was performed to assess the relationship of variation in glycogen content of C. gigas with single SNP genotype and SNP haplotype. As a consequence, six SNPs were found in coding regions to be significantly associated with glycogen content(P 0.01), from which we constructed four main haplotypes due to linkage disequilibrium. Furthermore, the most effective haplotype H2(GAGGAT) had extremely significant relationship with high glycogen content(P 0.0001). These findings revealed the potential influence of Cg-GYS polymorphism on the glycogen content and provided molecular biological information for the selective breeding of good quality traits of C. gigas. 相似文献
10.
Zhang Guo-fan Chang Ya-qing Song Jian Ding Jun Shen Jin-kai Wang Yong-ping 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1998,16(3):249-255
Zygotes of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were treated for triploid induction with caffeine (10 mmol/L, 15mmol/L and 20mmol/L) in combination with thermal shocks
(at 40 minute post-fertilization) lasting for 5 and 10 minutes. The highest yield of triploids, 41.5%, was obtained from the
treatment with 20 mmol/L caffeine at 34°C lasting 10 minutes. The triploid levels were less than 30.0% in other treatments.
Triploid induction was more effective in treatment with 15–20 mmol/L caffeine at 34–38 °C than with lower concentrations of
caffeine at temperatures below 32 °C. Our results suggest that triploid induction with caffeine in combination with thermal
shocks is less efficient than some other methods reported previously. 相似文献
11.
鞍带石斑鱼人工繁殖及胚胎发育研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为建立鞍带石斑鱼(Epinephelus lanceolatus)人工繁殖技术,研究了鞍带石斑鱼亲鱼培育、催产及胚胎发育过程。根据性腺检查及催产结果,判定鞍带石斑鱼在广东的繁殖季节为每年的7-9月份,产卵水温在28~31℃。使用10~12尾雌鱼和3尾雄鱼搭配进行催产实验,亲鱼未出现发情和追尾现象,虽能产卵但均未受精,通过人工授精可得受精卵。对鞍带石斑鱼胚胎发育进行了观察,详细描述从受精卵到初孵仔鱼的28个具体发育时期的形态特征和发育时间,结果表明,将鞍带石斑鱼胚胎发育划分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期。在水温(27±0.5)℃、盐度31.0、pH 7.8的海水中,鞍带石斑鱼胚胎历时25 h 40 min完成整个胚胎发育孵化出膜。 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(6)
The reproductive biology of bream A bramis brama(L.) was studied from 546 fish collected from the lower reaches of the Irtysh River in Xinjiang, north-west China, from March to November 2013. The overall sex ratio(M/F) was 1.06:1, and was not significantly diff erent from the theoretical 1:1 ratio( P 0.5). However, there was a dominance of males during the pre-spawning season(1.33 in March and 1.56 in April, P 0.5), while females were dominant during the peak spawning season(0.88 in June, P 0.5). The monthly variation in gonadosomatic index(GSI) and proportion of gonads at each macroscopic maturity stage, indicated that A. brama spawned once a year with peak spawning occurring from late May to June. The unimodal distribution of oocyte diameter each month indicated that A. brama is a single spawner, with a high degree of spawning synchronicity. The standard lengths(SL 50) and ages( A 50) at first maturity for males and females, were 178 and 204 mm, and 5.6 and 6.8 years, respectively. The mean absolute fecundity(AF) was 77 311 eggs per fish, and mean relative fecundity(RF) was 162 eggs per gram of body weight(BW). The AF of A. brama increased linearly with increasing of gonad weight(GW), eviscerated weight(EW) and standard length(SL), but was not significantly correlated with age. As, A. brama in the lower reaches of the Irtysh River reaches reproductive maturity relatively late in their life span, is mature for a short period and spawns in aggregations, this fish is vulnerable to overexploitation. 相似文献
13.
The main taste components of triploid and diploid oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were compared. Free amino acids, inosine monophosphate, succinate, trimethylamine oxide and betaine in fresh and boiled
extractives were analyzed. The protein, lipids, glycogen, moisture and ash, which may affect the flavour, were evaluated.
In boiled extractives, the amino acids were 394.1 mg(100 g)−1 in diploid and 183.5 mg(100 g)−1 in triploid. However, in fresh oyster extractives, they were 320.0 mg(100g)−1 and 147.3 mg(100g)−1 respectively. The inosine monophosphate in triploid was 44% more than that in diploid, and a little difference existed in
the content of trimethylamine oxide between them. The contents of these taste components were the basis for taste flavour
pattern determination. 相似文献
14.
15.
Tetraploid induction was carried out by inhibiting mitosis I in fertilized eggs ofChlamys farreri. Mitosis I was blocked with cold shock (5–7°C), Cytochalasin B (0.75 mg/L) and 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) (60–75 mg/L)
when 60% fertilized eggs released polar body II at 20°C. At 4-cells embryo stage, the ploidy was determined by counting chromosome
number. In control groups, most embryos were diploids (72.22%) and aneuploids (24.78%). In Cytochalasin B, cold shock and
6-DMAP treated groups, tetraploids were respectively 10.51%, 4.08%, and 13.34%; aneuploids were 43.10%, 35.93% and 29.16%,
and triploids were 7.84%, 8.52% and 18.33%. At D-larva stage, ploidy was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). The ploidy analysis
of day 2 larvae showed diploids in control group and also in three treated groups. Juvenile scallops (0.2–0.3cm) which were
harvested in two control groups and two CB treated groups were all diploids through checking ploidy individually by FCM.
Contribution No. 3648 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Contribution No. 238 from the Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Project funded by grant (No. 819-01-07) from the Chinese Science and Technology Ministry and also by “Hundred Talents Plan”
grant from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
16.
STUDY ON EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND EARLY GROWTH OF TRIPLOID AND GYNOGENETIC DIPLOID LEFI—EYED FLOUNDER, PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS （T. et S. ） 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The early effects of chromosomal manipulation of eggs and sperm on the yields of trip-loid and gynogenefic diploid larvae of Paralichthys olivaceus were investigated. Triploidy was achieved by cold shocking fen.ilized eggs at 0 - 2℃ for 45 minutes duration 5 minutes after fen.ilization, and the in-duced triploidy rates were 31.2% - 50% and the relative hatching rates were 53.3% - 99%. Gynnge-aetic diploids were obtained when eggs were inseminated with irradiated sperm and cold shocked at 0 -2℃ for 45 minutes duration 5 minutes after fertihzation. The induced gynogenetic diploid rates and the relative hatching rates were 94 % - 96 % and 48.5 % - 68.5 % respectively. The embryonic development of the triploid experimental group and of the gynogenetic diploid experimental group was delayed at first compared with the control group. But from the gastrula stage, it was not delayed anymore. There were no significant differences in the growth of the triploid experimental group larvae and the control group larvae, and in the growth of the gynogenetic diploid experimental group larvae and the control group larvae ac-cording to Student‘s t-test (α = 0.05). The relationship between the early growth of the triploid experi-mental group larvae and that of gynogenetic diploid experimental group larvae was also studied. 相似文献
17.
Comparing fat content with physiological status can throw light on the reproduction and feeding behavior of the fish. The biological data of 586 bigeye tuna were collected from the longline fishery in the waters of Western Central Indian Ocean from November, 2012 to March, 2013. The spatial or temporal distribution of the fat content, and the relationships of fat content with gender, round weight, gonadal maturity and fork length were analyzed. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the relationships between fat content and fork length (FL), gonadosomatic index (GSI), condition factor (K), and somatic index (SI). Results showed that: 1) the fat content of bigeye tuna was in the range of 3.1%–27.1% with the average 12.8%; 2) there were no significant geographical differences of average fat content (P > 0.05) among 1° squares in general; 3) there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) of the fat content for different genders, months, or gonad maturity stages; 4) there was an extremely significant correlation (P = 0.000) between fat content and FL and GSI. There was no significant correlation (P = 0.051) between fat content and K. There was a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between fat content and SI. The results of this study suggest that the fat content of the matured fish was relatively stable. The survey area was in a spawning region, and the survey period was the spawning season for bigeye tuna. 相似文献
18.
Observations on gonad development of 84 species of marine fishes in Jiaozhou Bay waters showed the breeding periods of more
than 50 of these species are mostly from April to August, with peaks between May to June. A great many of the species spawn
in the warm season, only a few species in the cold season. The number of spawning species increases with the rise and decreases
with the fall in water temperature. The absolute fecundity of 50 teleost species, which usually increases with body length
and weight, was estimated to range from about 300 to 9,000,000 eggs. The reproductive patterns of fishes in Jiaozhou Bay waters
are discussed.
This paper was presented at the IV International Congress of Ecology, held at Syracuse, USA in August, 1986.
Contribution No. 1553 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica. 相似文献
19.
The physical stresses associated with emersion have long been considered major factors determining the vertical zonation of intertidal seaweeds.We examined Porphyra umbilicalis(Linnaeus) Kützing thalli from the vertical extremes in elevation of an intertidal population(i.e.upper and lower intertidal zones) to determine whether Porphyra thalli acclimate to different vertical elevations on the shore with different patterns of nitrate uptake and nitrate reductase(NR) and glutamine synthetase(GS) activities in response to different degrees of emersion stress.We found that the nitrate uptake and NR recovery in the emersed tissues took longer in lower intertidal sub-population than in upper intertidal sub-population;and GS activity was also significantly affected by emersion and,interestingly,such an activity was enhanced by emersion of thalli from both upper and lower intertidal zones.These results suggested that intra-population variability in post-emersion recovery of physiological functions such as nutrient uptake and NR activity enables local adaptation and contributes to the wide vertical distribution of P.umbilicalis.The high GS activity during periodic emersion stress may be a protective mechanism enabling P.umbilicalis to assimilate nitrogen quickly when it again becomes available,and may also be an evidence of photorespiration during emersion. 相似文献
20.
In this study,variations in composition and properties of polysaccharides isolated from brown algae Costaria costata were analyzed.The algae were collected from May to July of the harvest period.The carbohydrates alginate and fucoidan were extracted with selected solvents.1 H Nuclear magnetic resonance and rheology were used to investigate the monomer composition and rheological characteristics of alginate.Gas chromatography and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the compositional properties of purified fucoidan.The results indicated that the composition and properties of alginate and fucoidan varied during the life of this alga.The alginate from the alga harvested in May and June had a higher molecular weight,viscosity,and proportion of mannuronic acid,whereas that harvested in July had a lower molecular weight and viscosity but a higher proportion of guluronic acid.The alginate from C.costata had a higher molecular weight and a different mannuronic acid:guluronic acid ratios compared with other algae;thus,it could be used in the chemical,food,cosmetics,and pharmaceutical industries.Fucoidan content reached the maximum in June.Substantial changes in the molecular weight distribution,monosaccharide composition,and sulfate content occurred simultaneously.The fraction of fucose in the polysaccharides decreased significantly from June to July,whereas that of mannose increased.This alga can be harvested during different growth periods to obtain fucoidans and alginates with different compositions and,therefore,with different biological properties. 相似文献