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1.
南海表层沉积沟鞭藻孢囊的分布特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为研究沟鞭藻孢囊含量和组合的分布规律,分析了南少上位的表层沉积样品。共鉴定得沟鞭藻孢囊１６属２７种,孢囊含量变化在８至９２５粒．ｇ＾－１之间。研究区北部及靠近巴士海峡的样品孢囊含量较高,而南海南部的样品孢囊含量较低。孢囊含量的这一分布型式与南海表层水中浮游植物的分布特征具有一致性,似受表层海水营养因素控制。Ｓｐｉｎｉｆｅｒｉｔｅｓ是沟鞭藻孢囊组合的优势组分,主要有Ｓ．ｒａｍｏｓｕｓ,Ｓ．ｈｙｐｅｒ 相似文献
2.
北黄海中部及四十里湾海域甲藻孢囊种类多样性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从2008年至2011年,采集了北黄海和烟台四十里湾海域共49个站点的表层沉积物的样品,并对沉积物中的甲藻孢囊进行鉴定。研究发现41种孢囊,隶属于16属：其中,原多甲藻（Protoperidinium?sp.）孢囊Brigantedinium?aymmetricum?Matsuoka为中国海域新记录种。塔马/链状亚历山大藻Alexandrium?tamarense?/?catenella、微小/相似亚历山大藻Alexandrium?minutum?/?affine、网状原角管藻Protoceratium?reticulatum和膝沟藻Gonyaulax?spp.的孢囊是北黄海中部海域孢囊优势种;膝沟藻Gonyaulax?sp.（Spiniferites?bentori?var.?truncata）、具刺膝沟藻Gonyaulax?spinifera（Spiniferites?hyperacanthus）和网状原角管藻P.?reticulatum的孢囊在烟台四十里湾占优势。另外,研究中还发现三种产虾夷扇贝毒素（YTX）甲藻（具刺膝沟藻G.?spinifera、多边舌甲藻Lingulodinium?polyedra和网状原角管藻P.?reticulatum）的孢囊,在芝罘岛到北黄海中部海域都有较高丰度的分布,另三种产麻痹性贝类毒素（PSP）甲藻（塔马/链状亚历山大藻A.?tamarense?/?catenella、微小/相似亚历山大藻A.?minutum?/?affine和链状裸甲藻Gymnodinium?catenatum）的孢囊,在北黄海中部丰度很高。因此,应加强这些海域的甲藻孢囊监测和研究,预防有毒甲藻赤潮的爆发。最后,通过对比分析北黄海中部及烟台四十里湾这两个海域甲藻孢囊分布特征和环境特征的差异,进一步证明了人类活动对近岸海洋生态环境的影响。 相似文献
3.
近万年来冲绳海槽北部浮游藻类沉积率反映的环境变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对冲绳海槽北部B－3GC柱状样的84份样品做了浮游藻类（绝大多数是沟鞭藻孢囊）沉积率分析。冲绳海槽约6790a以前的全新世早期和3620－2390aB.P.两个阶段的沟鞭藻孢囊沉积率较高,特别是在全新世早期,孢囊沉积率明显高于其他阶段。沟鞭藻孢囊沉积率的变化反映了冲绳海槽北部全新世表层海水营养和生产力水平的变化,其趋势与黑潮影响强度的变化趋势一致。在黑潮影响甚微的全新世早期,表层海水富营养且高生产力,约6790aB.P.起黑潮影响强度明显加大,表层海水营养和生产力幅度下降,只是在3620－2390aB.P.期间因黑潮影响强度减弱而表层海水营养和生产力有小幅度上升。黑潮对于冲绳槽表层海水营养和生产力的营养,不公亩在为其本身低营养、低生产力的特性,也由于其对来自我国大陆一侧陆源输入物的阻隔作用。Operculodinium centrocarpum沉积率在剖面下段高于Spiniferites spp.,上段则呈相反的情况,Spiniferites spp沉积率较高,变化的转折点（约6790aB.P.)与黑潮对冲绳海槽影响强度出现骤然变化的时间吻合。所以,Operculodinium centrocarpum沉积率高实际上指示了偏低的表层水温,约6790aB.P.冲绳海槽北部表导水温明显上升。 相似文献
4.
秋季南黄海表层沉积物中甲藻孢囊分布 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2007年秋季(10月)在黄海22个站位采集表层沉积物样品进行甲藻孢囊的种类鉴定与计数,本航次中共鉴定出33种(不包括2个未确定种),优势种是锥状斯克里普藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)、塔玛亚历山大藻(Alex-andrium tamarense)和膝沟藻属(Gonyaulaxsp.)的种类。与东海和南海甲藻孢囊的同期丰度相比,黄海的相对较低,丰度范围为10~519个/cm3,平均108个/cm3。孢囊丰度总体分布趋势从北向南递增,最高丰度区出现在长江口以北(32°19′59.88″N,122°37′5.16″E),另外,在南黄海调查海域中,中部黄海冷水团区域孢囊丰度较高,膝沟藻成为该区域的优势种,密集中心达101个/cm3。有毒甲藻孢囊在沉积物表层聚集且分布广泛,有爆发赤潮的可能。 相似文献
5.
于 2 0 0 0— 2 0 0 1年采集了中国沿海 1 0个采样点的表层沉积物样品 ,研究了有毒亚历山大藻 (Alexandriumspp .)和链状裸甲藻 (Gymnodiniumcatenatum)孢囊的分布。结果表明 ,这两类孢囊几乎在所有采样点都检测到。链状裸甲藻孢囊虽分布广泛 ,但含量较低 ,在样品中的浓度和百分比含量分别为 0— 71 .1cysts/gDW和 0 %— 1 4.3%。亚历山大藻孢囊在大部分海域含量较低 ,而在PSP毒素中毒事件高发区和贝类PSP毒素高含量区的大亚湾大鹏澳海域却高密度、高频率地出现 ,最高密度为 366cysts/gDW。研究结果显示 ,大亚湾大鹏澳海域表层沉积物中高密度的亚历山大藻孢囊也许是该海域贝类体内冬季PSP毒素积累及高含量的重要原因之一。 相似文献
6.
7.
闽江口海域表层沉积物中甲藻休眠孢囊的初步研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
对福建闽江口50个站位的海底沉积物样品进行分析,共鉴定出甲藻孢囊17种,隶属7属,主要的种类有锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea),科夫／无纹多沟藻(Polykrikos kofoidii／schwartzii)、斯氏膝沟藻(G．scrippsae)和具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spinifera)：锥状斯氏藻为最丰富的种：并检出有毒种塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)。研究结果表明,闽江口表层沉积物中的甲藻休眠孢囊主要分布在砂-粉砂-粘土沉积物类型中;有毒甲藻塔玛亚历山大藻有可能在每年5-6月、10-11月对该海域的海洋生物和人类健康及生命安全构成潜在威胁,应加强监测。 相似文献
8.
福建兴化湾海域沉积物中的甲藻孢囊记录 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对福建兴化湾海域表层和柱状沉积物中甲藻孢囊的分析,共鉴定出10 属29种(含不定种)甲藻孢囊.其中发现有毒种类7种:微小亚历山大藻(Alexandrium minutum)、多环旋沟藻(Cochlodinium polykrikoides)、多边舌甲藻(Lingulodinium polyedrum)、具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spinifera)、链状裸甲藻(Gymnodinium catenatum)、网状原角管藻(Protoceratium reticulatum)和锥藻斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea).表层沉积物中总甲藻孢囊丰度值在13～88粒/g之间,柱状沉积物中总甲藻孢囊的丰度在40～105粒/g以内.通过与周边其他海域甲藻孢囊属种组成及丰度值对比,表明兴化湾甲藻孢囊的丰度值较高,并且7种有毒种类的存在对该海域发生有毒有害赤潮构成潜在威胁,相关政府部门及周围居民应加以重视和防范. 相似文献
9.
南麂列岛地处亚热带海域,是台湾暖流和江浙沿岸流的交汇处,因而呈现出很好的生物多样性。据调查,南麂列岛附近海域已鉴定的浮游植物甲藻有53种,而到目前为止,对南麂列岛海域甲藻的休眠孢囊种类和分布的调查仍为空白。本文通过对2014年南麂列岛附近海域沉积物中甲藻孢囊的调查研究,在该海域共发现甲藻孢囊10属26种,其中,种类最多的是原多甲藻属(Protoperidinium),有10种;其次是斯氏藻属(Scrippsiella)和亚历山大藻属(Alexandrium),分别有4种,膝沟藻属(Gonyaulax)2种,舌甲藻属(Lingulodinium)、易碎藻属(Fragilidium)、扁甲藻属(Pyrophacus)、翼藻属(Diplopsalis)、裸甲藻属(Gymnodinium)和多沟藻属(Polykrikos)各1种。这些甲藻孢囊中,异养型和自养型甲藻孢囊各13种,自养型甲藻孢囊在数量上所占比例较大(79%)。2014年南麂列岛海域甲藻孢囊丰度较低,每毫升沉积物能检测出2—33个;夏、秋季的孢囊丰富度较高;岙口等相对开放海域的孢囊丰度明显高于岙内各站点。值得注意的是,三种有毒甲藻孢囊,塔玛/相似亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense/affine),具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spinifera)和多边舌甲藻(Lingulodinium polyedra)的孢囊也在样品中检出,并且分别占春季、夏季和秋季孢囊总丰度的37%、23%和27%。本研究为完善南麂列岛甲藻的物种多样性提供了依据。 相似文献
10.
定量分析了南海３３个１０００ｍ水深线以内的现代表层沉积样品中的硅藻,发现主要的种有菱形海线藻,短刺角毛藻,结节圆筛藻、长海毛藻,海洋菱形藻和条纹小环藻。根据硅藻主要种的百分含量,各站位硅藻丰度的变化以及其它一些特征,将３３个样品划分为５个硅藻组合,并着重研究这些组合与环境因素之间的关系。 相似文献
11.
Dinoflagellate cysts were studied in 42 samples from the surface sediments of the White Sea. The total concentration of dinocysts varies from single cysts to 25 000 cyst/g of dry sediments, which reflects the biological productivity in the White Sea waters and the regional particular features of the sedimentation processes. The highest concentrations are observed in silts; they are related to the regions of propagation of the highly productive Barents Sea waters in the White Sea. Generally, the spatial distribution of dinocysts species in the surface sediments corresponds to the distribution of the major types of water masses in the White Sea. The cysts of the relatively warm-water species (Operculodinium centrocarpum, Spiniferites sp.) of North Atlantic origin that dominate in the sediments indicate an intensive intrusion of the Barents Sea water masses to the White Sea along with hydrological dwelling conditions in the White Sea favorable for the development of these species during their vegetation period. The cold-water dinocyst assemblage (Islandinium minutum, Polykrikos sp.) is rather strictly confined to the inner parts of shallow-water bays, firstly, those adjacent to the Onega and Severnaya Dvina river mouths. 相似文献
12.
《Journal of Sea Research》2010,63(4):189-213
To determine the relationship between region specific dinoflagellate cyst distribution in the Po-river discharge area and oceanic environmental conditions, surface sediments of 48 sites in the middle and distal part of the discharge plume area have been studied. Establishing such a relationship is a prerequisite to create reconstructions of the eutrophication history as well as the palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanography history of the area.Literature based information about the sedimentation rates based on 210Pb dating methods are available for 18 sites. This enables the calculation of cyst accumulation rates of individual cyst species which reflect their cyst production. Correlation of the accumulation rates of individual species with environmental parameters of the upper waters allows us to adapt and refine the ecological characteristics of a selection of cyst species. This latter is trivial since the current concepts on the ecological significance of dinoflagellate cyst have to be revised as a result of the current developments in the dinoflagellate research field. These developments have elucidated that a considerable part of the relative abundance datasets that form the basis for the present day ecological concepts of dinoflagellate cysts might have suffered from so called “closed sum effects” and have been overprinted by early diagenetic processes.The dinoflagellate cyst association reflects both upper and bottom water circulation. Based on the relative abundance data four associations can be distinguished that are characteristic for the major oceanographic settings in the region. (1) River discharge association. This association consists of Echinidinium spp., Lejeunecysta sabrina, Lingulodinium machaerophorum, Polykrikos kofoidii, Polykrikos schwarzii, cysts of Protoperidinium stellatum, Selenopemphix quanta and reworked cysts. These species have high relative abundances in sites where bottom waters are low in oxygen and upper waters are influenced by river discharge waters that are characterized by high productivity and relative low salinity. (2) Warm water association. This association consists of Spiniferites mirabilis, Spiniferites pachydermus, Spiniferites ramosus and Spiniferites spp. which have their highest relative abundances in the sites at the plume margin that are characterized by relative warm upper waters and intermediate chlorophyll-a concentrations. (3) Oxygenated bottom water group. Species of this group; Impagidinium aculeatum, Impagidinium patulum, Impagidinium sphaericum, Operculodinium centrocarpum and Operculodinium israelianum have their highest relative abundances at sites where bottom waters are formed by well ventilated Adriatic Deep Water or Eastern Mediterranean Deep Water. (4) Golfo di Taranto group consisting of round brown cysts produced by Protoperidinium species (grouped as Brigantedinium spp.).The variation in accumulation rates can be related to gradiental changes in the trophic state of the surface waters linked to river outflow. Most species show a positive relationship between cyst production and nutrient/trace element availability in upper waters. No negative correlation between cyst production and nutrient/trace element availability could be documented. Production of Brigantidinium spp., Echinidinium spp., L. sabrina, L. machaerophorum, P. kofoidii/schwarzii, Spiniferites spp., S. mirabilis and S. quanta shows the most pronounced increase with increasing nutrient/trace element availability. These species can be considered as valuable indicators for reconstructing changes in the trophic state of the upper waters within the Po-river area in palaeo-environmental studies. 相似文献
13.
南海西部表层沉积中的钙质超微化石 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
分析研究了南海西部308个表层沉积样品中的钙质超微化石，发现除一个样品外，所有样品均含有钙质超微化石，但相对丰度相差悬殊，在0－1725个范围内变化。钙质超微化石在平面上的分布具有较明显的分区性，可划分为3个区。超微化石组合与南海其它地区超微化石组合面貌相似，由15属23种组成，以Gephyrocapsa oceanica，G.spp.（small）,Emiliania huxleyi和Florisphaera profunda为优势种，占90％以上，其中Florisphaera profunda为绝对优势种。本调查区超微化石的分布受多种因素的综合影响，重点讨论了水深、陆源物质的稀释作用、碳酸盐的溶解作用以及重力流的沉积作用等因素对超微化石分布的影响，并根据超微化石的分布推断碳酸盐临界补偿深度（CCrD）约为3100m，碳酸盐补偿深度（CCD）大于4300m。 相似文献
14.
中国近海蔓足类区系特点的初步研究(甲壳纲) 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
关于甲壳纲蔓足类的研究,过去在我国做的很少,解放后董聿茂等(1956,1965)进行过东海舟山群岛、黄渤海和南海的蔓足类调查.1978年任先秋等发表了藤壶属Balanus的研究报告.1939年Hiro调查过我国台湾省的蔓足类,Зевина于1963年曾简略报告过我国沿海潮间带及潮下带的蔓足类.其他都是些零星记载.截至目前,根据文献及我们掌握的资料,中国近海蔓足类有95种,30属.作者等自1955年以来在渤海,黄海、东海和南海共搜集了蔓足类标本80种,分隶2目13科29属,其中有27种在我国是首次记录,现本文就上述资料对中国近海蔓足类区系特点作一初步分析,待今后采到更多标本后再进行较全面的分析研究. 相似文献
15.
本文是南海浮游桡足类研究的第二部分,使用了海洋研究所历年来在南海进行海洋调查所采得的标本,共报告哲水蚤目31种,其中属于真刺水蚤科Euchaetidae者共2属8种,属于角水蚤科Pontellidae者共5属23种。这些种大多数在我国东海和黄海南部都有分布,在角水蚤科中我们发现了1个新种,这两个科中各有1种为国内初次记录。本文除对新种加以描述之外,对新记录只记一些要点,或与近似种作了一些比较。此外,还有两种真剌水蚤和1种简角水蚤的雄性标本,过去在我国东海和黄海均未采得,而今在南海已经找到,故借此一并加以补充,以资鉴别。最后对这两科桡足类的地理分布作了概括的分析。 相似文献
16.
ＡｒｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｏｓｔｒａｃｏｄｅａｓｓｅｍｂｌａｇｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｔｈｅＨｕａｎｇｈａｉＳｅａ￥ＺｈｏｕＢａｏｃｈｕｎ；ＺｈａｏＱｕａｎｈｏｎｇ；ＨｕａｎｇＷｅｉａｎｄＧａｏＪｉａｎｘｉ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏ... 相似文献
17.
Dinocysts and sporomorphs are recorded from eleven Recent sedimentary samples in two traverses from South West Africa. The dinocyst assemblages are dominated by Spiniferites ramosus ramosus and Operculodinium centrocarpum, although other species are usually present particularly in the more offshore samples. The occurrences of scolecodonts and microforaminifers are also noted, together with the relative abundance of amorphous organic matter. The hydrology and phytoplankton content of this region and the sedimentary composition of the samples are described in detail and then related to the palynomorph content of the bottom sediments. The palynologic conclusions confirm earlier suggestions that the abundance and type of palynomorphs in sediments are governed by a number of complex and interacting factors. Water turbulence, distance from shore, availability and proximity to a river effluence are all extremely important in this respect; upwelling is of particular importance in the region studied. 相似文献
18.
《Marine Geology》2001,172(3-4):181-195
In the reconstruction of bioproductivity in surface waters the extent to which a proxy has been diagenetically altered is often a matter of debate. Here we investigate how organic- and calcareous-walled dinoflagellate cysts can be used for separately estimating bioproductivity and oxygen related diagenesis. This is achieved by studying the cyst content of the most recent Eastern Mediterranean sapropel S1, that is thought to have been deposited under conditions of increased primary production in surface waters and possible anoxia in the bottom waters. Based on chemical evidence, it has been shown that the visible sapropelic layer represents only the residual lower part of what was initially a much thicker sapropel, as a result of post-depositional decay of organic matter related to oxygen penetration into the sediments. The effect of aerobic organic matter decay on the cyst associations is studied through the comparison of the unaffected, lower part of the initial sapropel and the ‘oxidised’ upper part. Comparing the unaffected sapropelic sediments with pre- and post-sapropelic material gives insight into the relationship between fossil cysts assemblages and palaeoproductivity.Impagidinium aculeatum, Impagidinium patulum, Operculodinium israelianum, Polysphaeridium zoharyi and probably Impagidinium spp., Impagidinium paradoxum and Nematosphaeropsis labyrinthus are very resistant against aerobic decay and their accumulation rates appear to be primarily related to productivity in surface waters. Protoperidinium and Echinidinium species, on the other hand, are shown to be very sensitive and can be used to recognise oxygen-related decay. The calcareous-walled dinoflagellate cysts seem to be unaffected by oxic organic matter decay in Mediterranean sediments. 相似文献
19.
夏季南海北部沙壳纤毛虫种类组成及空间分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2007年8月夏季中国科学院南海海洋研究所南海北部开放航次期间,在北纬18°-22°,东经107°-122°范围内使用＂实验三号＂科考船进行了水体中沙壳纤毛虫的采样研究,探讨了沙壳纤毛虫的空间分布和种类组成。在36个站位中共鉴定出24属44种沙壳纤毛虫,其中优势种为长形旋口虫Helicostomella longa和根突拟铃虫Tintinnopsis radix,沙壳纤毛虫丰度变化范围为0–2200cell/L,平均丰度为221cell/L,从沿岸向外海方向,沙壳纤毛虫种类和丰度逐渐减少,其中A1站丰度最高（2200cell/L）,种类数最多（10）。夏季南海北部沙壳纤毛虫丰度与叶绿素a呈显著正相关,而与温度相关性不明显。夏季南海北部的上升流和珠江冲淡水携带的营养盐刺激了浮游植物的生长,影响着南海北部沙壳纤毛虫的种类组成和空间分布。 相似文献