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Gas outburst disasters and the mining technology of key protective seam in coal seam group in the Huainan coalfield 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Coal and gas outburst disasters in coal seams are becoming more serious as coal mines extend deeper underground in China. To aid gas control in high-gas outburst coal seam group, this study performed research based on the geological conditions of the Xinzhuangzi coal mine in the Huainan coalfield. The laws of gas occurrence, the strength of the coal outburst, and the regional partition were studied. Simultaneously, we introduced the key protective seam mining technology and confirmed the mining sequence of coal seam groups. The results indicate that (1) each seam absorbs gas well, and the currently measured gas content is up to 15.0 m3/t. (2) Although some differences about coal seams outburst intensity remain, the differences in the same group are very small. (3) The coal seam B10 was chosen as the key protective seam and was mined first; then adjacent seams were mined from bottom to top by layer within the roof of B10 and from top-to-bottom within the floor of B10 to guarantee each adjacent coal seam received the good effects of pressure-relief and increasing permeability. (4) The main methods of gas extraction in each protected seam are surface boreholes and net-like penetrating boreholes in the floor roadway, and related technical parameters were determined according to the degree of pressure-relief in coal seam. This in situ experiment indicates a method aiding the gas control problem and guaranteeing safe and highly efficient exploitation of high-gas outburst seams. 相似文献
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煤与瓦斯突出灾害的有效防治一直是我国煤矿安全生产面临的挑战性难题,其前提和基础是对煤与瓦斯突出机理的深入研究。全面阐述我国近70年来在煤与瓦斯突出机理研究领域所开展的工作和取得的成绩,其研究过程分别经历了积极探索阶段(1955—1977年)、理论奠定阶段(1978—2002年)、快速发展阶段(2003—2015年)和稳定发展阶段(2016年至今);基于文献计量学方法和科学知识图谱分析,探讨了突出机理的研究热点和前沿趋势。分别从理论假说、物理模拟、数值模拟3个方面系统总结了我国煤与瓦斯突出机理研究进展：理论假说方面,在综合作用假说的基础上,针对我国煤矿实际情况形成了以流变假说、球壳失稳理论、力学作用假说等为代表的新观点和新理论,奠定了突出理论研究基础;物理模拟方面,围绕突出主控因素、多物理场演化、能量转化与失稳条件、地质构造与构造煤、两相流致灾机制等方面进行了大量的试验研究,基本掌握了突出的发动条件、发展过程、演化规律及影响因素;数值模拟方面,主要开展了突出煤层、地质构造和突出两相流等方面的模拟研究,然而由于突出过程和影响因素的复杂性,仍无法实现突出全过程的模拟分析。目前,已初步形成了具... 相似文献
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通过研究平顶山矿区17对生产矿井的瓦斯地质特征,分析各矿井瓦斯含量、瓦斯压力和涌出量实测数据,总结了平顶山矿区瓦斯赋存分布规律。运用瓦斯赋存构造逐级控制理论厘清了区域构造演化、矿区和矿井构造对平顶山矿区瓦斯赋存分布的控制,提出了平顶山矿区瓦斯赋存的构造逐级控制特征:区域板块构造运动及演化奠定了平顶山矿区高瓦斯的基调;矿区构造李口向斜确定了矿区瓦斯东高西低、呈轴对称分布的总体规律;矿井构造主导矿井各煤层瓦斯赋存和矿井区域瓦斯赋存的差异性。研究成果为准确预测瓦斯赋存分布和预防煤与瓦斯突出提供了依据。 相似文献
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煤与瓦斯突出的激发和发生条件 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
从影响煤与瓦斯突出的地应力、瓦斯、煤岩物理力学性质和地质构造因素出发,提出把煤与瓦斯突出的过程划分为突出源的形成发展、突出的激发和发生三个阶段。以南桐煤矿典型突出事故为例,用演绎法探讨了突出激发与发生的条件。结果表明,一切由振动产生的岩体裂隙和冲击载荷是导致煤与瓦斯突出的激发条件,并根据充瓦斯煤的损伤蠕变方程,得到了预测延期突出的时间。根据突出过程中的能量转换关系,得到了突出的起动速度和瓦斯临界压力表达式,对煤与瓦斯突出发生涉及的几个难点问题进行了讨论。揭示了煤与瓦斯突出的主要能量是瓦斯膨胀能,突出时喷出的瓦斯由多个来源的瓦斯组成,且地质构造区在采矿过程中容易形成有利于突出的源。 相似文献
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Liang Wang Yuan-ping Cheng Feng-hua An Hong-xing Zhou Sheng-li Kong Wei Wang 《Natural Hazards》2014,71(1):85-107
The Huaibei coalfield is in the East China Economic Area, which is rich in coal and gas resources. However, hundreds of coal and gas outburst accidents have occurred because of the complex geological structures of the coalfield. Based on theoretical analysis and field statistics, the characteristics of regional geological structures and the coal measure strata evolution in the Huaibei coalfield were researched, and gas resource distribution and gas parameters were statistically analyzed to determine the dominant controlling factors of gas occurrence and gas dynamic disaster. The results indicated that the Huaibei coalfield has undergone complex tectonic evolution, causing obvious differences in gas storage in different blocks of different mining areas, which exhibits a pattern of high amounts of gas in the south and east, and low amounts of gas in the north and west. The coal seam and gas occurrence have a bipolar distribution in the coalfield caused by multiple tectonic movements, and they are deeply buried. Horizontal tectonic stress plays a dominant role in gas outburst, and the thermal evolution and trap effects of magma intrusion increase the possibility and extent of gas outburst. Considering coal seam and gas occurrence characteristics in the coalfield, we propose a new technology for deep coal reservoir reconstruction which combined present underground regional gas control methods and surface well extraction methods. The technology has three effects: developing gas resources, improving coal mining safety level and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which has been practiced to be effective in coal mines in the Huaibei coalfield. 相似文献
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三维地震勘探技术已经成为解决矿区煤与瓦斯突出区域的重要手段,而突出区域特殊的地球物理特征为这种技术的实施提供了可能。实验室测试资料表明：突出煤层的地震波速度约为正常煤层的1/3,因此煤层突出区域具备利用地震技术进行检测的物性条件;地震正演模拟结果显示,煤与瓦斯突出部位的煤层地震反射波的传播时间、能量和频率特征,与正常煤层存在明显差异;实际资料表明,煤层突出地段在地震资料上出现地震波至时间加长、振幅减弱、频率降低等特征,这与理论研究结果是一致的。初步分析认为：地震资料的时间、振幅和频率变化等特征,可以作为利用地面地震圈定煤与瓦斯突出区域的辅助标志。 相似文献
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淮南潘一煤矿未开拓区煤与瓦斯突出预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
淮南矿区是瓦斯事故重灾区,潘一矿进入-400m水平开采以来,共发生25次煤与瓦斯突出,严重制约了该矿的生产安全。利用已采区瓦斯地质实测成果,结合未开拓区煤田地质勘查资料,对该矿13-1煤层瓦斯压力和含量、煤的力学性质、煤层受力状态进行了分析,提出了13-1煤层未开拓区煤与瓦斯突出预测指标,并对未开拓区煤与瓦斯突出危险区进行了预测。结果表明煤与瓦斯突出危险区主要分布在位于F34断层附近、F38断层-钻孔V-3一带、F125-Fs107-Fs106附近、Fe7-Fe1之间的部分区域及F4断层西南端部分区域。 相似文献
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杭东普查区煤层产状平缓,构造简单,但由于含煤地层为陆相沉积,煤层层数多、厚度、间距变化大,沉积岩相变化快、大范围内缺乏稳定的对比标志层,因此煤岩层对比是本区勘查需要重点解决的难题。通过对比杭东普查区与邻区200余孔的测井资料,分析煤岩层在各种测井曲线的异常特征与异常组合规律,确定了对煤岩层对比有重大意义的标志层,如延长组与上覆延安组的典型视电阻率异常分界;延安组在高视电阻率曲线上的“树杆”状凸起特征;安定组视电阻率曲线近直线的低值形态;4-1煤在视电阻率曲线上呈现出的“斜坡”状或“刀”状高异常,以及在自然伽玛曲线上的“凹坑”特征;侏罗系中统直罗组的高伽马异常,等等。这些典型特征保证了该区煤岩层对比可靠性,为提交优质地质勘查报告发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
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针对平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司十矿(平煤十矿)煤与瓦斯突出的分区(带)性特点,采取地质单元划分的方法,反映其范围内的构造特征及瓦斯赋存情况。研究了地质单元范围内地应力分布、构造煤发育及分布特征的地质因素和瓦斯参数特征,结合平煤十矿煤与瓦斯突出特点,将瓦斯压力、构造煤厚度、瓦斯含量作为预测煤与瓦斯突出危险性的敏感指标,并据此预测具有突出危险性的范围,为煤与瓦斯突出预测和防治提供依据。 相似文献
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With the increasing demand for coal resources, coal mining has gradually entered into the deep strata of coal seams. Although the increase in mining depth improves energy security, it is associated with severe hazards, especially coal and gas outburst. Protective seam mining is an efficient method for gas control and has been widely used in major coal-producing countries. However, studies on deep ultra-thin protective seam (thickness 0.1–1 m, average thickness 0.5 m) mining and its related problems have been rarely reported. Focusing on the challenges resulting from deep mining (mining depth >1100 m) and the research gap, a coal and gas co-exploitation technique, which combines the gas control technology and green mining (including coal preparation and backfilling), has been proposed in this work. Significant benefits have been achieved in the twelfth coal mine of the Pingdingshan coalfield (study area) following the implementation of this technique. The application of the gas control technology markedly improved the gas drainage efficiency, promoted increased gas utilization, and reduced the greenhouse gas emission, providing notable economic and environmental benefits. In addition, implementation of green mining improved the coal quality, relieved the burden of the transport system, and, in particular, effectively prevented surface subsidence, thus protecting the ecological environment of the mining area, which offered significant economic, environmental, and social benefits. The practice in the twelfth coal mine could be used as a valuable example for coal mines with similar geological conditions. 相似文献
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突出了大区域构造背景下的瓦斯赋存分布特征及其控制因素研究。重庆煤矿区古今构造应力场具有继承性,煤系应力长期得不到松弛,形成含煤岩系的长期应力集中,十分利于瓦斯富集,致使煤与瓦斯突出主要发生在地质构造变动比较剧烈的应力集中区。含煤岩系沉积环境及构造应力场是控制重庆煤矿区瓦斯赋存的两大地质因素。龙潭组海湾-潮坪-沼泽/泥炭相沉积环境具有良好的封盖能力,瓦斯含量普遍较高;须家河组河流冲积平原、湖滨-三角洲沉积体系对瓦斯的封盖能力较弱,瓦斯含量普遍较低。厘定出南桐高突瓦斯带、华蓥山高突瓦斯带、永荣高瓦斯带、渝东南瓦斯带、渝东瓦斯带和大巴山高瓦斯带6个区域性瓦斯地质带。 相似文献
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煤体结构是煤与瓦斯突出的主要因素之一。利用钻孔测井曲线特征并结合矿井地质构造成果,对淮南潘一矿8煤层煤体结构特征及其构造煤发育规律进行了研究。研究表明该矿区8煤层构造煤发育,其厚度大于该煤层厚度20％的点数占一半以上,因其顶、底板围岩封闭性良好,有利于瓦斯聚集,易在采动条件下发生煤与瓦斯突出,确认为该区煤与瓦斯突出的重点煤层。依据瓦斯始突深度、构造煤分层厚度大于0．5m的分布范围、大中型断层位置及矿井突出资料,在F4断层组的两侧分别圈出了煤与瓦斯突出的危险区和威胁区。 相似文献
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煤层对比是一项基础地质工作,对研究煤田沉积环境和聚煤规律,指导煤矿生产,具有重要的理论和现实意义。针对金堂煤矿区煤层的具体情况,采用多种方法对各煤层进行对比研究,揭示煤层赋存规律。 相似文献
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利用二维地震勘探对河南睢县西部区进行了煤普查,首先要根据勘探区地震地质条件,设计了合理的二维地震勘探野外数据采集方法,通过资料处理和解释,得到了丰富而合理的地质成果,查明了区内新生界地层厚度,查明了区内的基本构造轮廓,了解了二1煤层的分布范围,初步控制二1煤层的隐伏露头位置,为河南采煤业后续发展提供详实的资料。 相似文献
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汪家寨煤矿是严重的煤与瓦斯突出矿井,依据矿区实际瓦斯地质资料,运用瓦斯地质理论和构造演化理论,研究了区域和井田构造控制特征。分析认为该矿主要以中小型突出、倾出为主,压出为辅;随煤层埋深的增加突出强度增大;C409煤突出最为严重;突出多发生在煤巷掘进面及断层影响带。分析了埋藏深度、顶底板岩性、煤厚及其变化、软分层、地质构造等因素对煤矿煤与瓦斯突出的影响,认为断层及其影响带、厚煤尤其是其增厚部位是煤与瓦斯突出的易发区域,因此断层构造和煤层厚度及其变化控制着该矿突出的发生和分布规律,为煤与瓦斯突出的主控因素。研究成果为矿井突出防治工作提供了理论指导。 相似文献