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1.
河南三门峡市实验室“三废”污染情况初探及思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了实验室“三废”污染的现状、分布、数量、种类、;建议本着科学选择方法,节约使用试剂,适当处理和回收利用的原则来处理“三废”;强调“谁污染,谁治理”是化学工作者义不容辞的职责。 相似文献
2.
Sophie Verheyden Fadi H. Nader Hai J. Cheng Lawrence R. Edwards Rudy Swennen 《Quaternary Research》2008,70(3):368-381
Dated oxygen and carbon isotopic profiles from a Holocene stalagmite (11.9–1.1 ka) from the Jeita cave, Lebanon, are compared to variations in crystallographic habit, stalagmite diameter and growth rate. The profiles show generally high δ18O and δ13C values during the late-glacial period, low values during the early Holocene, and again high values after 5.8 ka. On the basis of the good correlation between the morphological and crystallographic aspect of the stalagmite and its isotopic records, as well as the isotopic response of speleothems from central and northern Israel, we relate high δ18O and δ13C values to drier conditions. Between 6.5 and 5.8 ka an increase in isotopic values, a decrease in growth rate and stalagmite diameter suggest a transition from wet conditions in the early Holocene towards drier conditions in the mid-Holocene. The transition occurred in two steps, first a progressive change to drier conditions started at 6.5 ka but was interrupted by a short ( 100 years) return to wetter conditions, followed by an equally rapid (< 200 years) change to drier conditions. 相似文献
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It is generally believed that the lithospheric mantle and the mantle transition zone are important carbon reservoirs. However, the location of carbon storage in Earth’s interior and the reasons for carbon enrichment remain unclear. In this study, we report CO2-rich olivine-hosted melt inclusions in the mantle xenoliths of late Cenozoic basalts from the Penglai area, Hainan Province, which may shed some light on the carbon enrichment process in the lithospheric mantle. We also present ... 相似文献
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崆岭杂岩除太古宙结晶基底外,还出露一套以含石墨和富铝矿物为特征的孔兹岩系。相对于结晶基底,目前对于该套表壳岩系的同位素年代学研究有限。对该套孔兹岩系中代表性岩石类型榴线英岩开展了变质锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定。研究结果表明,榴线英岩变质年龄为1964±12Ma。结合前人在相近地层岩石组合中报道的锆石U-Pb年龄数据,推测崆岭杂岩孔兹岩系原岩可能沉积于2.1~2.0Ga。扬子陆核的古元古代变质-岩浆作用可能与全球广泛存在的同时期(2.1~1.8Ga)碰撞造山事件有关,暗示其很可能是Columbia超大陆的重要组成部分。 相似文献
5.
Nikolenko E. I. Logvinova A. M. Izokh A. E. Afanasiev V. P. Oleynikov O. B. Biller A. Ya. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,480(1):656-660
Doklady Earth Sciences - A comparative study of the chemical compositions of chromium spinel and polyphase inclusions has been carried out. Chromium spinels were separated from the concentrate of... 相似文献
6.
新疆和田阿拉玛斯矿床中的软玉矿体在花岗闪长岩和白云质大理岩中以脉状和透镜状产出。花岗闪长岩和白云质大理岩之间出现水平和垂直方向分布的软玉分带结构,这种分带包括镁铁尖晶石、透辉石、透闪石、青玉、青白玉、白玉和蛇纹石化白云质大理岩等矿物分带。采用电子探针和ICP-MS对这些白玉、青白玉和青玉的分带进行分析。这些软玉中的Cr (Cr=8.95×10-6～178.7×10-6) 和Ni (NiO=0.05×10-6～3.95×10-6) 的含量远低于与蛇纹石有关的软玉中的相关含量(Cr2O3=0.07%～0.43%,NiO=0.08%～0.36%)。软玉化学成分显示从白玉、青白玉到青玉的颜色变化主要与Fe元素的含量升高有关而与Cr、Mn等元素的含量关系不明显。花岗闪长岩和白云质大理岩之间的矿物分带显示了软玉分带的形成温度从高温到低温的变化、矿物从无OH-到含OH-的变化和透闪石颗粒从青玉到白玉不断变小。这些地质特征尤其是软玉分带现象表明了阿拉玛斯矿点是一个与白云质大理岩有关的接触交代成因的透闪石质软玉矿床。 相似文献
7.
百花湖水体氮的空间分布研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
初步探讨了百花湖水体中氮的空间分布特征,并分析了氮及溶解氧(DO)的相关性。对8个站位的表层、4m、8m及12m水体中总氮、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮及溶解氧进行了测定。结果表明,百花湖水体中总氮的平均含量为1.18mg/L,氨氮的平均含量为0.144mg/L,硝酸盐氮的平均含量为0.20mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮的平均含量为0.018mg/L。百花湖入湖口附近的1号采样点总氮、氨氮和硝酸盐氮的平均浓度都较其它采样点高。分析表明百花湖中DO浓度与硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.629、-0.724。 相似文献
8.
为了研究西太平洋黑潮源区不同深度沉积物中古菌群落结构的多样性,应用16S rDNA文库技术,对IMAGES XIV航次采集的岩芯MD06-3047进行基因文库的构建和分析,得到260个克隆,经分析处理后得到56个OTUs(Operational Taxonomic Units).基于16S rRNA序列的同源性比较,绘制系统进化树,进行统计学分析.研究结果显示,西太平洋黑潮源区的本哈姆高原(Benham Rise)沉积物中有丰富多样的古菌群落,在1m内的沉积物中分布着9种古菌类群.古菌序列归属于泉古菌(Crenarchaeota)和广古菌(Euryarchaeota),并以泉古菌为主(占总序列的91.5％).其中,泉古菌包含MGI、MBG-B、MCG和UCII-b 4个类群,并且主要由MGI构成(占总序列的40.8％),而广古菌包含MBG-D、SAGMEG、DHVEG、MBG-E和VAL Ⅲ 5个类群,各类群所占总序列比例均较低(占总序列的0.4％～5.4％之间).研究结果对于理解西太平洋黑潮源区沉积物中古菌多样性有重要意义,并为今后研究古菌群落与环境之间的关系提供科学依据. 相似文献
9.
利用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱 (LA- ICPMS)对扬子克拉通宜昌三峡地区早奥陶世不同时期海相碳酸盐岩地层中的牙形石个体进行了原位分析,并与已发表的世界其他地区古海水的稀土元素 (REE)组成进行了比较,利用 REE和微量元素组成、δ Ce和 Sm/Nd比值等地球化学指标恢复了该时期古海水的地球化学性质.结果表明,该区早奥陶世牙形石的 REE和微量元素地球化学异常与海平面的升降、古环境的变化有关联,与已有的古生物地层、古地理研究结果一致.因此,牙形石的 REE和微量元素地球化学特征可以在古环境再造过程中发挥重要的作用. 相似文献
10.
A. I. Efimov I. V. Chashei M. K. Bird L. N. Samoznaev D. Plettemeier 《Astronomy Reports》2005,49(6):485-494
The results of several sets of measurements of the frequency of radio signals during coronal-sounding experiments carried out from 1991 to 2000 using the ULYSSES and GALILEO spacecraft are presented and analyzed. The S-band signals (carrier frequency f = 2295 MHz) were received at the three 70-m widely spaced ground stations of the NASA Deep Space Network. As a rule, the frequency-fluctuation spectra at frequencies above 1 mHz are power-laws. At small heliocentric distances, R < 10R⊙ (R⊙ is the solar radius), the spectral index is close to zero; this corresponds to a spectral index for the one-dimensional turbulence spectrum p1 = 1. The index of the frequency-fluctuation spectra in the region of the supersonic solar wind at distances R > 30 R⊙ is between 0.5 and 0.7 (p1 = 1.5–1.7). The results demonstrate a substantial difference between the turbulence regimes in these regions: in the region of the established solar wind, the power-law spectra are determined by nonlinear cascade processes that pump energy from the outer turbulence scale to the small-scale part of the spectrum, whereas such cascade processes are absent in the solar wind acceleration region. Near the solar minimum, the change in the turbulence regime of the fast, high-latitude solar wind occurs at greater distances than for the slow, low-latitude solar wind. Spectra with a sharp cutoff at high frequencies have been detected for the first time. Such spectra are observed only at R < 10 R⊙ and at sufficiently low levels of the electron density fluctuations. The measured cutoff frequencies are between 10 and 30 mHz; the cutoff frequency tends to increase with heliocentric distance. The variance of the plasma-density fluctuations has been estimated for the slow, low-latitude solar wind. These estimates suggest that the relative fluctuation level at distances 7 R⊙ < R < 30 R⊙ does not depend on heliocentric distance. The cross correlation of the frequency fluctuations recorded at widely spaced ground stations increases with the index of the frequency-fluctuation spectrum. At distances R ≈ 10 R⊙, the rate of temporal changes in irregularities on the scale of several thousand kilometers is less than or comparable to the solar wind velocity. 相似文献
11.
Surface sediment samples at 89 locations and 300-cm cores from 43 sites in the Mississippi Sound were examined for evidence of pollutant impact upon this coastal environment. Chemical variables determined were total organic carbon, Kjeldahl nitrogen, phenols, and hydrocarbons. Values of these pollutant indicators were about the same or lower in Gulf of Mexico samples compared to Missippi Sound sediments and considerably lower than those from rivers and bays emptying into the sound, indicating limited impact from sites of pollutant sources into the sound. Concentrations of sedimentary pollutants peaked in the Pascagoula River where levels of total organic carbon (TOC), Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), phenols, and hydrocarbons exceeded sound values by one to three orders of magnitude. Analysis of cores shows pollutant intrusion to sediment strata predating industrial development. The level of pollution varies from site to site but fortunately is only serious at localized sites within the sound. 相似文献
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13.
The exsolution phenomena of augite from Ferrogabbro 4430 of the Skaergaard Intrusion were examined in detail by single crystal X-ray diffraction and heating experiments to study the stepwise exsolution process. In the augite crystals, five different phases were detected: pigeonite (001), pigeonite (100), orthopyroxene (a), orthopyroxene (p) and a small amount of clinoamphibole. The two different pigeonites nearly share the corresponding (001) and (100) planes with the host. Orthopyroxene (a) and orthopyroxene (p) have (100) in common with the host and with exsolved pigeonite (001), respectively. Clinoamphibole was observed in the form of rather weak reflections in many crystals. It has (010) in common with the host.A large number of augite crystals exhibited a pigeonite (001) phase with curved, rotated reflections and diffuse streaks along the a* direction in (h0l) precession photographs. It appears that these streaks are related to orthopyroxene (p). Orthopyroxene (p) seems to be crystallized from pigeonite (001) by nucleation at (100) stacking fault planes (inverted pigeonite). Pigeonite (100) may be formed at growth ledges between augite host and exsolved orthopyroxene (a) at a later stage of exsolution to stabilize the boundaries.From the X-ray diffraction profiles and the results of the heating experiments, a possible exsolution sequence is suggested. Clinoamphibole appears to be a product of alteration at the latest stage of the exsolution process. It seems to be related to particular conditions of partial water pressure. 相似文献
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A. V. Mokhov T. A. Gornostaeva P. M. Kartashov O. A. Bogatikov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,469(2):874-876
A new mineral phase was discovered in the course of studies at the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry (IGEM) of fine-grained fractions of the lunar regolith delivered to the Earth by the Luna 16, Luna 20, and Luna 24 automatic stations. The grain of native niobium was identified in the regolith sample from the Mare Crisium. Presumably, this phase was formed during the fractioning process in a gas–plasma cloud under an impact event on the Moon. 相似文献
16.
采用浅地层剖面测量、沉积物柱样测年和海图水深计算对比相结合的方法,探讨位于长江入海泥沙向南输送通道上的朱家尖岛海域的泥质沉积速率的历史变化,并通过水文泥沙测量和沉积物取样分析寻找长江入海泥沙向南输送的佐证。结果表明:朱家尖岛海域全新世海平面上升以来泥质沉积厚度为5~20m,相当于沉积速率0.06~0.25cm/yr;1840~1960年区域平均沉积速率为1.4cm/yr,近60年沉积速率仅为此前120年沉积速率的一半左右。据此推断:全新世后期以来该海域泥质沉积速率先后经历了一个长期(千年尺度)缓慢的增大阶段和一个短期(年代尺度)迅速的减小阶段,与长江流域人类活动和河口湾充填作用共同造成的入海泥沙通量的总体变化趋势相吻合。 相似文献
17.
Wang Dongpo Li Yizhi Wang Zhongwen Yang Weibin Ouyang Chaojun Zhu Xing Scaringi Gianvito 《Landslides》2022,19(3):731-746
Landslides - In tectonically active steep mountain belts, such as those in west Sichuan in China, frequent landslide disasters can occur during the rainy season. High-locality landslides often... 相似文献
18.
运用电子探针和显微Fourier变换红外光谱技术，对新疆西天山3个榴辉岩样品中的石榴石进行了详细的主量元素和结构水分析。结果显示，石榴石发育以核部富锰铝榴石组分、边部富镁铝榴石组分进变质作用的成分环带。石榴石中OH^-1分布也具有规律：核部→边缘。其结构水OH^-1逐步增加，即从核部的89-239ppm增加到边部的367-658ppm；与石榴石边部相比，石榴石的核部含有较低的OH^-1，却含有较高的H2O和Mn含量。这表明，在蓝片岩向榴辉岩进变质作用过程中，含水矿物脱水反应而释放出大量的分子水，这部分水促进了高压变质反应，形成榴辉岩相矿物，石榴石核部的结晶就是在富水和Mn的条件下进行的。随着高压变质作用的继续，石榴石核部的分子水逐步失水而进入石榴石晶格，形成结构水。因此，在高压变质作用过程中，OH^-1演化实际上是一个由内部不平衡逐步向平衡转变过程。P588．348 相似文献
19.
吐哈盆地煤成烃研究新进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
运用生物标记物及碳同位素等地化参数对吐鲁番 -哈密盆地的原油及其源岩进行了油源对比 |结果将该区原油分为三类 :第一类原油 |根据生标特征分析其具有显著的淡水环境、藻含量低、细菌影响大、C29甾烷含量高、C304α- 甲基甾烷低、C24 四环烷和C19三环烷含量高和碳同位素偏重 (δ13C为 - 25‰~ - 27‰ )的特点 |初步对比结果 |本区西山窑组的煤是该类原油的主要源岩;第二类原油 |富含藻类物质(C27甾烷与C304α-甲基甾烷含量较高 ) |该类原油可能来自侏罗系的富藻湖相泥岩;第三类原油 |全油碳同位素δ13C为 - 30‰~ - 32‰ |这类原油的生标反映出其源岩相的特征为缺氧、咸水、中等含藻的湖相沉积 (高含量的伽玛蜡烷和 β-胡萝卜烷|C35/C34藿烷比值大等 )。 相似文献