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1.
三塘湖盆地中二叠统芦草沟组白云岩成因 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
三塘湖盆地中二叠统的芦草组碳酸盐岩是盆地内重要的储集岩之一,碳酸盐岩中50％以上为白云岩。有纹层状白云岩和斑块状白云岩两种,前者白云石自形程度较好;后者白云石为含铁白云石交代方解石而成,铁白云石晶体粗大,自形程度差,其形成时间晚于纹层状铁白云石。白云岩的Mg／Ca值均小于1;Sr的含量为31×10^-6-527×10^-6,平均为217．8mg／kg;方解石和白云石的δ^18O差值大多数小于6％;芦草沟组膏岩并未普遍存在,盐度指数Z平均为124．43。通过对上述特征综合研究认为,三塘湖盆地中二叠统的芦草组白云岩为混合水成因,并建立了相应的白云石化模式。 相似文献
2.
本文通过沉积环境分析,X射线衍射、扫描电镜、同位素及阴极发光分析,讨论了甘溪泥盆系观雾山组白云石的晶体形态及大小、有序度、碳酸钙克分子含量,同位素特征及阴极发光特征与形成条件的关系。中晶白云岩及细晶白云岩分别产于生物层及潮坪环境,为成岩早期地下淡水与海水混合白云岩化作用的产物。低的碳酸钙克分子含量,中-弱的阴极发光强度及低的δ18O、δ13C值。微晶白云岩形成于泻湖环境。白云石具他形粒状晶,差的有序度,高的碳酸钙克分子含量,强的阴极发光强度及高的δ18O、δ13C值,为准同生期高Mg2+/Ca2+值卤水交代碳酸钙软泥形成。 相似文献
3.
滇东-川西下二叠统白云岩的形成机理--玄武岩淋滤白云化 总被引：24，自引：7，他引：17
在滇东－ 川西地区的下二叠统中,白云岩发育,并可分两种类型:块状白云岩和斑状白云岩。块状白云岩呈浅灰色、灰色,主要由细晶或中晶白云岩石组成。白云岩的δ13C为+0.8‰～+3.5‰, 平均+2.7‰; δ18O为 -6.8‰～-9.1‰, 平均 -7.8‰。 Sr 为 25×10-6～52×10-6, 平均 39×10-6; Na 为 52×10-6～74×10-6, 平均 64×10-6。斑状白云岩呈灰色,由白云岩斑块和交代残余的石灰岩斑块组成,其中白云岩斑块含量大于50 %。白云岩斑块呈云朵状,大小多为几厘米至二十几厘米。白云岩斑块由细晶和中晶白云石组成。白云石呈自形或半自形,含量60% ～ 90%。白云石的δ13C为+0.8‰～+3.5‰, 平均+2.7‰; δ18O为 -6.8‰～-9.1‰, 平均 -7.8‰。 Sr 为 25×10-6～52×10-6, 平均 39×10-6; Na 为 52×10-6～74×10-6, 平均 64×10-6。各种资料表明,块状白云岩和斑状白云岩成因相同,只是白云化程度不同。白云岩是在埋藏环境中较高温度条件下形成的。白云化水来自淋滤峨嵋山玄武岩的大气 相似文献
4.
四川盆地西南部P1井在中二叠统栖霞组钻遇厚层优质白云岩储层。在显微岩石学分析、阴极发光研究基础上,基于LA-ICP-MS手段对不同类型碳酸盐矿物进行原位微量元素分析。结果表明灰岩中方解石Sr含量高达254×10^(-3)~823×10^(-3)、Mn/Sr比值低至0.02~0.07,较低的总稀土含量(0.067×10^(-3)~2.100×10^(-3))与较低的LREE/HREE比值(1.43~4.56)。各类白云石具有较低的Sr含量(16×10^(-3)~48×10^(-3))与较高的Mn/Sr比值(0.54~3.70),随着白云石晶体增大Mn/Sr比值总体增大。粉晶白云石具有最高的总稀土含量(2.364×10^(-3)~3.950×10^(-3))与较高的LREE/HREE比值(7.11~9.55),而细晶白云石与中晶白云石的总稀土含量与LREE/HREE比值相对偏低。鞍形白云石Fe含量高达708×10^(-3)~1217×10^(-3)、最大的LREE/HREE比值(6.61~15.00)与明显的正Eu异常。白云岩至少经历了两期白云石化过程,白云石化流体均具有强烈的轻重稀土分异特点。早期白云石化过程导致Sr的流失与Mn/Sr比值的增加,随着重结晶等成岩作用的加强进一步导致Mn/Sr增加、稀土元素的流失等。晚期白云石作用形成了标志性热液矿物—粗晶鞍形白云石胶结物。 相似文献
5.
在前期详细岩石学分类的基础上,研究南羌塘坳陷布曲组碳酸盐岩微量元素地球化学特征及意义。结果表明:(1)布曲组碳酸盐岩具有较低的微量元素含量,与班公湖-怒江洋盆海水快速入侵及炎热、半潮湿-半干旱条件下缺少地表径流补偿陆源物质有关;(2)Na元素和K元素指示布曲组保留先驱灰岩原始组构的白云岩和不保留先驱灰岩原始组构的晶粒白云岩的初始流体为同期蒸发海水,岩石中Sr元素的含量受方解石和白云石的相对含量控制;(3)经历不彻底白云石化作用的过渡性岩类(RD5-1)是在中-深埋藏阶段中-晚期不彻底交代先驱灰岩形成,细-中晶、自形-半自形白云石充填物由微-粉晶白云岩在浅埋藏阶段末期重结晶形成;(4)鞍形白云石的形成有外来高温流体参与,流体成因具大气淡水参与、流经碎屑岩地层深循环流体特征。新生代(78~64Ma)构造热事件是形成高温流体的热源,部分基质白云岩受到构造热事件的高温改造。 相似文献
6.
川东兴隆场地区长兴组白云岩地球化学特征及流体来源 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
四川盆地东部长兴组—飞仙关组礁滩相储层为重要的天然气勘探目的层,优质储层的岩性多为白云岩,且主要分布于开江-梁平陆棚的东西两侧。川东兴隆场地区位于开江-梁平陆棚西侧有利相带的东南端,长兴组白云岩层段为该区主力产气层,且白云岩主要分布在台地边缘礁滩相等易于发生暴露的高能沉积相带。明确了白云岩宏观分布的控制因素,以岩石结构及Mg/Ca值和有序度为基础,结合岩石地球化学特征,对川东兴隆场地区上二叠统长兴组白云岩成因进行分析。研究结果表明兴隆场地区长兴组白云岩是在埋藏条件下,同层位的泥晶灰岩及泥灰岩中封存的浓缩海水通过压实作用排挤进入碳酸盐沉积物交代灰岩形成的。有如下证据:①飞仙关组沿缝合线发育的自形白云石化学组成(CaO含量均值30.94%,MgO含量均值20.76%)与长兴组白云石化学组成(CaO含量均值30.51%,MgO含量均值21.28%)相近,表明二者成因及白云化流体具有相似性,推断压实流体可能为长兴组白云岩白云化流体;②长兴组白云岩δ13C介于1‰～2.5‰之间,δ18O介于-6‰～-4‰之间,分布在同期古海水的δ13C(0～5.8‰)、δ18O(-7.5‰～-3.5‰)变化范围内,并与全球典型埋藏白云岩δ13C、δ18O分布区间一致,说明白云化流体具有同期海水性质,且形成于埋藏成岩环境中;③长兴组白云岩的87Sr/86Sr值(0.707108～0.707507)覆盖在了川东北晚二叠世海水Sr同位素(0.706620～0.707742)的变化范围内,证明白云化流体来源于同期海水;④长兴组白云岩稀土元素表现为LREE亏损、HREE富集的海水稀土元素特征,表明白云化流体具有海源流体的性质;⑤长兴组碳酸盐岩Fe含量均较低(<2000×10-6),但长兴组白云岩相对于灰岩具有较高的Mn含量(69×10-6～90×10-6,均值为76×10-6)和较强的阴极发光性,反映了白云岩形成于埋藏的还原环境中。 相似文献
7.
本文报道了塔里木盆地柯坪地区上震旦统奇格布拉克组藻白云岩岩石学与地球化学特征,并对其形成机理进行了探讨。从岩石学特征上看,藻白云岩可分为基质白云石、刃状白云石胶结物与菱形白云石胶结物。基质白云石为微晶自形白云石,晶体大小在2～5μm之间,未见任何灰质前驱物,发育球形与片状白云石;刃状白云石胶结物垂直藻颗粒边缘向孔隙中心生长,长度在几十到100μm之间,由一系列超微晶自形白云石沿c轴平行堆积而成;菱形白云石胶结物分布在孔隙中心,一般小于50μm。从地球化学特征上看,基质白云石具有最高的Na2O含量(380×10-6),FeO、MnO含量中等(727×10-6、175×10-6);刃状白云石胶结物Na2O含量中等(290×10-6),FeO含量最低(200×10-6),MnO含量低于检测限;菱形白云石胶结物具有最低的Na2O含量(200×10-6),最高的FeO、MnO含量(750×10-6、550×10-6)。样品碳同位素组成与前人报道结果一致(2.1‰～3.0‰,PDB),氧同位素组成较古生代碳酸盐岩高(28.1‰～31.9‰,SMOW),说明震旦纪海水具有较高的δ18O值。笔者认为基质白云石为微生物调制作用下原生沉淀的结果;刃状白云石形成于准同生环境下大气水-海水混合流体等体积交代文石胶结物的过程;而菱形白云石胶结物则形成于埋藏环境。 相似文献
8.
塔里木盆地玉北地区蓬莱坝组发育粉-细晶自形白云岩、中晶自形-半自形白云岩、粗晶自形-他形白云岩三种白云岩类型。粉-细晶白云岩具纹层状构造,稀土元素配分模式、总稀土含量与同期灰岩相似,氧同位素组成与同期海水成因的白云岩相近,表明白云岩化流体为同期海水,较高的盐度指数指示了相对浓缩的海水条件,较低的有序度值反应出快速的白云岩化过程,为准同生白云岩化的产物,白云石晶间均匀充填富Fe、富Si及高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值的陆源物质,表明玉北地区在蓬莱坝组粉-细晶白云岩沉积期由于相对海平面较低从而受到陆源物质混入的影响。中晶白云岩和粗晶白云岩的稀土元素配分模式、总稀土含量、~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值等与同期海水特征相似,表明白云岩化流体为海水,可见残余颗粒结构,成岩温度较低,埋藏较浅,为埋藏的海水以及沿原始颗粒灰岩的粒间孔及可能存在的裂缝等通道向下运移的海水提供的Mg~(2+)导致的白云岩化,后期重结晶作用破坏了粗晶白云岩中的残余颗粒结构并导致其Fe、Mn含量及成岩温度、有序度值高于中晶白云岩,Sr含量及δ~(18)O值低于中晶白云岩。部分中-粗晶白云石边缘可见加大边,表明后期存在少量他源流体导致的次生加大作用。 相似文献
9.
陕西韩城-旬邑地区中奥陶统马家沟组豹斑白云岩研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组白云岩是重要的油气储集层.从野外露头观察,白云岩斑块多呈管状、不规则状,是生物扰动后留下的虫孔遗迹.从镜下观察,斑块主要沿虫孔分布,成分为半自形-自形细粉晶白云石或具雾心亮边,基质为泥晶白云石.对研究区全岩C,O同位素和白云石有序度进行分析,得出白云石δ13C平均值为-0.26‰,δ18O平均-5.06‰;白云石CaCO3摩尔百分含量平均为50.4%,有序度为0.81~1.结合白云岩形成于半局限云质洼地沉积环境,认为豹斑白云岩发生了两期白云石化.一期是通过渗透回流生成泥晶白云岩;二期是在浅埋藏环境下,随着白云石化流体继续供给,虫孔中的泥晶白云石更易继续生长或发生重结晶,形成由细粉晶白云岩构成的斑块.因此,掘穴生物活动形成的潜穴,是造成不均匀白云岩化,形成豹斑的重要原因. 相似文献
10.
《地球化学》2016,(2)
在岩芯观察、薄片分析、阴极发光分析、全岩微量元素测试以及微组构电子探针分析的基础上,对塔里木盆地塔中-巴麦地区下古生界不同结构类型的基质白云岩和缝洞充填白云石的成因进行了详细研究。结果表明,泥-粉晶白云岩具有较高的Sr、Na含量和低的Fe、Mn含量,结合其多与蒸发岩相伴生的特征认为,该类白云岩主要形成于蒸发海水成岩环境中。颗粒白云岩的Na、Fe、Mn含量与泥粉晶白云岩相似,说明两者形成环境相近,但其Sr含量较低,可能与微生物作用有关。晶粒白云岩中具有平直晶面结构的细晶、自形白云岩和细晶、半自形白云岩的Sr、Na含量相对较低,而Fe、Mn含量略有升高,表明其形成于成岩温度相对较低的浅埋藏阶段;而具有非平直晶面特征的中-粗晶、他形白云岩的Sr、Na含量最低,Fe、Mn含量增加,但Fe-Mn相关性较差,且明显低于其他地区典型深埋藏白云岩的Fe、Mn含量,因此认为其形成环境为温度逐步升高的中埋藏阶段。鞍形白云石充填物Sr含量较低、Fe、Mn、Ba和Zn含量明显增高,反映深部热液活动影响,但由于流体来源不同和后期构造活动存在差异,不同地区鞍形白云石充填物的形成机制各异。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
13.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
14.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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Over the past decade researchers working on the rocks of the Beaufort Group in the main Karoo Basin of South Africa have vastly increased our understanding of this important Permo-Triassic sequence. Many new fossil forms have been discovered, allowing for breakthroughs into the biodiversity, biogeography and biostratigraphy of the group. Taxonomic and phylogenetic advances are many and varied, and cover most of the vertebrate taxa, but with emphasis placed on the temnospondyl amphibians, archosauriforms and non-mammalian synapsids, in particular the anomodontia. Biostratigraphic breakthroughs have centered on the Middle Permian Eodicynodon and Tapinocephalus assemblage zones, the Late Permian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone, and the Triassic Lystrosaurus and Cynognathus assemblage zones. Correlation of these biozones with better dated sequences in Europe, Russia and China has allowed for many chronostratigraphic refinements, which are in turn vital for sequence stratigraphical analysis of the basin fill. Based on fossil data, both the lower (Ecca–Beaufort) and upper (Beaufort–Molteno) contacts of the group have been proved to be highly diachronous. The refined chronostratigraphic framework has also allowed for a better analysis of the basin evolution through time, particularly in terms of the correlation of external stimuli that affect basin sedimentation patterns. 相似文献
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Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献