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在桩-土-结构弹塑性动力相互作用模型研究的基础上,设计了考虑场地类别、输入地震动等因素的基于相互作用模型的多层和高层钢筋混凝土框架结构算例,分析了桩-土-结构相互作用对结构弹塑性变形特性的影响,并与不考虑相互作用的结构底部固端模型的计算结果进行了对比。分析表明:相互作用对结构的弹塑性变形的影响不容忽视,考虑相互作用后梁柱塑性铰出现的程度降低;结构底部位移增加而顶部位移减小;薄弱层的层间位移可能增加而其余层的层间位移则减小。现行的结构弹塑性变形验算方法未考虑土-结构相互作用的做法的合理性值得进一步评判。 相似文献
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本文在全面考虑上部结构、基础及下部土体实际情况和受力特性的基础上,开发了一种平面框剪土-结构相互作用的简化分析模型。在这个模型中,利用矩阵位移法的概念,同时考虑框架和剪力墙(筒体)的协同工作原理,将上部结构简化成平面的框架-剪力墙(筒体)结构,这一模型可以很好地模拟常用高层建筑体系的弯曲特性和弯剪特性。地基土采用一块在计算平面内高度为H,宽度为B,而在出平面方向厚度为t的土体作为分析模型,并对MSC.Marc进行了二次开发,将多层土E-B本构关系模型作为子程序嵌入其中,使用E-B本构关系模型来考虑它的非线性特性,利用粘-弹性人工边界作为地基土的边界条件。用接触迭代算法考虑了桩、箱-土之间的相互作用。最后,采用本文的方法对某高层框剪建筑进行了分析,并与不考虑土-结构相互作用的地震反应分析结果进行了对比。通过算例,本文初步探讨了在土-结构相互作用模型中,考虑和不考虑桩-土间相互作用对结构地震反应的影响,并得到了一些结论,证明了本文方法的适用性。 相似文献
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本文分析了TMD(Tuned mass damper)在刚性地基和柔性地基情况下的减震控制机理,以某6层钢筋混凝土框架结构为研究对象,分别考虑了土-结构动力相互作用对无TMD控制结构的影响,场地条件对TMD减震控制性能的影响和土-结构动力相互作用对TMD减震控制性能的影响。通过分析得出TMD控制系统的减震效果除了与输入地震动特性有关外,还与场地条件、上部结构和基础的动力特性等因素有关。如果土-结构动力相互作用体系的自振周期远离输入地震动的卓越周期,则相互作用体系的地震响应较小。地基土越软,框架建筑结构层间相对位移地震响应也就越小。如果考虑土-结构动力相互作用效应的影响设计TMD调频系统的自振周期,则TMD的控制效果会有一定程度的提高。 相似文献
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为了探讨土—结构相互作用对煤矿采动损伤建筑地震动力破坏的影响,基于损伤力学和能量耗散理论,研究采动区土—基础—上部结构的协同作用,通过建立考虑土—结构相互作用的煤矿采动损伤建筑的动力学方程,重点分析了煤矿采动损害影响下的建筑物地震动力灾变演化过程。计算结果表明:土—结构的相互作用对煤矿采动建筑的地震动力响应影响较大,不考虑土—结构相互作用是偏于安全的;煤矿采动作用明显改变了建筑物的结构动力特性,建筑结构的薄弱层位置改变明显、塑性铰和层损伤分布规律发生改变,严重降低了建筑物的抗震性能,对于煤矿采动区建筑应当开展安全损伤评估工作,以保证矿区工程建设的安全性和可靠性。 相似文献
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本文研究了土-结构动力相互作用对采取不同控制措施的结构控制效果的影响。文中首先建立了主动调谐质量阻尼器(ATMD)、半主动磁流变阻尼器(MR)和被动多重调谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)等三种结构控制措施在时域中的控制算法和控制律，然后基于子结构法，采用间接边界元方法，通过傅里叶变换，推导了分别安装三种结构控制措施的受控结构在频域中的运动方程，数值仿真分析了某36层高层建筑的地震反应及其控制效果。结果表明，当采用ATMD或MTMD控制时，考虑土-结构动力相互作用后结构地震反应有所减小；当采用MR控制时，考虑土-结构动力相互作用后结构地震反应有很大程度的减小。由此看来，在设计软土地基上高层结构的结构控制措施时，不考虑土-结构动力相互作用对结构控制效果的影响是偏于安全的。 相似文献
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Estimation of base motion in instrumented steel buildings using output‐only system identification 
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下载免费PDF全文 A procedure to estimate the seismic motion at the base of a building from measured acceleration response at two or more floors is presented. The proposed method is comprised of two steps. In the first step, the dynamic characteristics of the building are inferred by using an output‐only system identification procedure. In the second step, the motion of the base of the building is estimated by using the transfer function of a simplified building model consisting of a shear and flexural continuous beam together with dynamic properties obtained in the first step. The proposed method is validated first with an analytical model subjected to the 1940 El Centro ground motion and then with an instrumented building in California that experienced the 1994 Northridge earthquake, and the ground motions at the base of the building are available. It is shown that the proposed method is capable of providing very good estimates of the motion at the base. The use of the proposed method is finally illustrated on an instrumented building, where the sensor at the base of the building did not function during the 1994 Northridge earthquake. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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抗震性能是建筑设计中的一项重要指标,需要对地震作用下的建筑结构动力弹塑性损伤情况进行分析。提出一种中强地震下建筑结构动力弹塑性损伤模型研究方法。从有效应力与Cauchy应力张量\,建筑材料损伤演化方程等方面对弹塑性损伤模型基本原理进行分析,以此为理论基础,分析建筑材料应变率与建筑结构损伤能释放率的相关关系,通过Bonora损伤模型获取失效建筑材料损伤指数,并计算整体建筑结构构件损伤指数,以建筑材料损伤指数和建筑结构构件损伤指数为依据,完成中强地震下的建筑结构动力弹塑性损伤模型构建。利用实例进行分析,地震加速度值为0.3g的情况下,该模型的建筑结构相对位移时程曲线与实际位移曲线拟合度较高,且具有较好的建筑结构动力弹塑性损伤模拟精度,表明该模型具有一定的可行性。 相似文献
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Finite element analyses were used to investigate the behavior of the building vibration induced by high-speed trains moving on bridges. The model includes the bridge, nearby building, soil and train. Finite element results indicate that trainload frequencies are more important than the natural frequencies of bridges and trains for building vibrations. If the building natural frequencies approach to the trainload frequencies, which equal an integer times the train speed over the compartment length, the resonance occurs and the building vibration will be large. Moreover, the vibration shape is similar to the mode shape of the resonance building frequency. To isolate the building vibration induced by moving trains, this paper investigates three common types of foundations, which include the extension of retaining walls, pile foundation and soil improvement around the building. Soil improvement around the building is the best way to reduce the building vibration both in horizontal and vertical directions. 相似文献
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An Active Mass Driver (AMD) system is proposed to suppress actively the response of a building to irregular external excitations such as earthquakes and typhoons. This system has been introduced to an actual ten-storey office building for the first time in the world. The system controls the motions of a structure by means of an external energy supply. It consists of an auxiliary mass installed in a building and an actuator that operates the mass and produces a control force which counters disturbances to the building. The design method of the AMD system, including the location of the installation and the capacity and stability of the system, is proposed. Simplification of the control algorithm is also described. 相似文献
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Results from analytical studies conducted on an instrumented ten-storey reinforced concrete building which experienced ground accelerations in excess of 0⋅6g during the 1987 Whittier-Narrows California earthquake and suffered only minimal damage are presented. Using the dynamic characteristics inferred from accelerations recorded in the building during the earthquake, a mathematical model was calibrated to study the response of the building and to explain its good behaviour despite the apparent severity of the motions recorded in the basement of the building. Very good correlation was obtained between the computed and recorded response of the building. Non-linear analyses were conducted to evaluate the strength and deformation capacity of the building and to estimate its response in the event of more severe earthquake ground motions. Special emphasis is given to the evaluation of the overstrength of the building. Lateral overstrengths larger than 4⋅2 and larger than 5⋅7 were computed for the longitudinal and transverse directions of the building, respectively. It is concluded that these high levels overstrength in the building played an important role in limiting the damage during the Whittier-Narrow earthquake. Since the estimation of inelastic deformations during severe earthquake ground motions depends on the actual strength of the building, it is recommended to consider explicitly probable values of this overstrength in the strength reduction factors. 相似文献
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基于结构类型的建筑分类是抗震设计和地震灾害分布调查的基础,也是开展建筑结构地震易损性研究所依据的分类形式,而在社会管理中则更注重基于使用功能的建筑分类。上述2种建筑分类方法难以给出恰当的经济损失评估结果,因此在面向地震巨灾保险研究与应用时存在一些不足。首先,传统的建筑分类将建筑的使用功能与结构类型平行处理,未考虑建筑结构类型和建筑使用功能的耦合影响;其次,随着经济社会的发展,建筑结构形式和使用功能均不断地变化,需要发展适用性强大的非固定类型分类方法。本文针对地震巨灾保险业务中建筑分类这一核心问题,结合中国建筑形式和使用功能,从建筑结构分类出发,进一步考虑建筑的使用功能,形成了基于结构类型-使用功能多因素耦合的建筑分类模型,并以北京市典型区域为例,对所提出的建筑分类模型开展应用示范。同时,本文提出的建筑分类模型结合网络信息技术,可解决传统分类应用于具体目标区域时分类指标体系不具备可变性的问题,满足了地震巨灾保险的数据需求。 相似文献
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Application of an earthquake early warning system and a real-time strong motion monitoring system in emergency response in a high-rise building 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tomohiro Kubo Yoshiaki Hisada Masahiro Murakami Fusako Kosuge Kohei Hamano 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
We apply a combination of earthquake early warning system (EEWS) and real-time strong motion monitoring system (RSMS) to emergency response for a high-rise building; The Kogakuin University has a 29-story high-rise building in Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo. The proposed strategy is based on the Plan, Do, Check, Action (PDCA) Cycle to brush up the systems and the users: in the “Plan” stage, we apply EEWS and RSMS to the building, where EEWS predicts not only short-period strong ground motions but also long-period ground motions [1]. The system is built into a building announcement system, an emergency elevator control system, and an email message system, which quickly send emails to the emergency response team. Meanwhile, RSMS provides information on seismic intensities at each floor of the building via the web browser in real time using the existing network in the building. In addition, the building response and structural damage can be estimated based on this information. The network system is impervious to the earthquake damage, because the network cable has extra length, there is, however, possible that a network system does not work due to power outage. Thus, we develop the network system that has uninterruptible power-supply system (UPS) and apply it to EEWS and RSMS. The high-rise building has the emergency call units to the security control center in the building on every floor. The emergency call line, however, will be busy promptly, because it is able to use only one line. Therefore, we installed IP telephone which uses the network system on main floors. UPS will work about 30 min after a major earthquake, it is supposed to be enough time for gathering the damage information about the building during initial response. In the “Do” stage, we prepare emergency response instruction manuals and educate the faculty members and students to carry out promptly emergency response. In the “Check” stage, the validity of the proposed systems are verified by carrying out an earthquake drill in an actual high-rise building. The earthquake drill confirmed that our proposed approach is valid. In the final “Action” stage, we improve these systems and emergency response manual and educate people in the building how to use effectively these systems. 相似文献
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房屋建筑的地震易损性是地震损失评估和地震巨灾风险模型的基础。作为房屋建筑的重要组成部分,各类非结构构件的损失在现有的易损性模型中并未得到足够重视。本文以一栋典型钢筋混凝土框架结构教学楼为对象,通过将房屋建筑中的各类构件划分为具有不同地震损伤特性和损失后果的易损性组,考察建筑内的损失分布和非结构损失对房屋建筑地震易损性的影响。分析结果表明:由于许多非结构构件在中小地震作用下即可能发生较严重的破坏,房屋建筑在中小地震下的易损性主要受非结构损失控制;随着地震动强度等级的不断提高,结构损伤渐趋严重,结构损失对整体建筑易损性的影响不断增大;在结构进入震后不可修状态之前,建筑不同楼层的损失分布是评估建筑地震损失时不可忽略的因素。 相似文献
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为改善传统连梁钢板阻尼器的适用性,提出了一种新型耗能连梁钢板阻尼器的设计方法,通过对阻尼器工作区域的划分与设计,使新型阻尼器充分发挥耗能作用,有效地提高了结构整体耗能能力。基于有限元软件ABAQUS模拟低周反复荷载作用下墙肢与阻尼器的应力应变状态,以验证所提出的新型阻尼器的设计方法及端部嵌固区的可靠性,并通过对原结构和实施耗能连梁钢板阻尼器结构进行弹塑性时程分析,探讨其改进后的抗震性能。研究结果表明,新型嵌固区构造不仅能够保证阻尼器与墙肢协同工作良好,还能大大降低施工难度;通过实施该阻尼器,可形成耗能连梁及抗震多道防线,在连梁钢筋混凝土部分损伤较为严重的情况下,仍能保证连梁具有一定的延性和耗能能力。 相似文献
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基于强震观测的隔震结构地震反应分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
福建省防灾减灾中心大楼是一栋高约40m,安装有强震观测系统的隔震大楼,目前该结构台阵已记录到30多次地震引起的大楼地震反应。本文利用具有强大非线性功能的ETABS软件建立大楼结构模型,同时考虑隔震结构的楼梯和填充墙对结构地震反应的影响,并利用台阵记录验证大楼结构模型线弹性地震反应的可靠性,说明隔震大楼结构模型能很好地模拟大楼的地震反应过程。在此基础上结合大楼原型动力性能实验的实测参数,以大楼自由场地的三个实际地震记录作为输人,对大楼在中小地震作用下非线性地震反应进行分析,结果表明大楼具有良好的隔震效果。 相似文献