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1.
粉末压片制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定锂云母中的高含量氟   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
锂云母中的氟含量很高(1. 36%~8. 71%),在焙烧锂云母矿物时锂的浸出率随着含氟量的增加而逐步下降,随着锂云母脱氟率的提高,锂的浸出率也相应提高,准确测定锂云母中的氟、控制氟含量可为确定焙烧过程的工艺条件、设备参数及成本提供依据。目前氟的测定主要采用离子选择电极法,但过程复杂、分析时间长且空白值高。本文采用粉末直接压片制样X射线荧光光谱法测定锂云母中的氟,氟的检出限为46±4μg/g。将锂矿石标准物质和人工配制校准物质制成工作曲线,经验系数校正基体效应和谱线干扰,方法精密度(RSD,n=10)为1. 03%。采用本法分析由标准样品合成的样品,测定值与理论值吻合良好;用实际样品验证,测定结果与离子选择电极法的测定值相符。本法适用于分析锂云母中0. 68%~9. 14%的氟。  相似文献   

2.
用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定地质样品中的稀土及难熔元素,混合酸敞开酸溶法和碱熔融法是两种主要的溶样方法。但地质样品组分复杂,元素之间存在相互共生的现象,对于特殊元素、特殊样品用传统酸溶法会造成部分元素消解不完全,使测定结果不准确;而碱熔法的操作过程繁琐,且溶液盐度高,易产生基体干扰和堵塞仪器进样系统。本文改进了传统四酸和五酸体系,采用氢氟酸-硝酸-硫酸敞开酸溶体系,用国家一级标准物质制作标准曲线测定15种稀土元素,方法准确度(ΔlgC)为0.001~0.027。同时改进了偏硼酸锂碱熔法,样品用偏硼酸锂碱熔提取,加入氢氧化钠调节溶液至碱性条件,所测元素与偏硼酸锂共沉淀后过滤分离熔剂,再用硝酸复溶测定15种稀土元素及铌钽锆铪。两种溶样方法的测定值与认定值的相对误差为1.09%~9.30%。将混合酸敞开酸溶法测定稀土元素、偏硼酸锂碱熔法测定铌钽锆铪的结果与其他实验室密闭酸溶法相比,两组数据的相对偏差为0.13%~15.32%。本实验表明,混合酸敞开酸溶法适用于测定地质样品中的稀土元素,偏硼酸锂碱熔法不仅适用于测定地质样品中的稀土元素及铌钽锆铪,也适用于测定如古老高压变质岩石及铝含量高的样品中的铌钽锆铪。  相似文献   

3.
花岗伟晶岩富集锂铍铷铯铌钽等稀有金属元素,准确测定其中的大离子亲石元素、高场强元素和稀土等微量元素,可用于判断成矿流体物质来源、成岩构造环境。目前的测试方法研究主要集中在锂铍铷铯铌钽等少数元素,样品消解方法有四酸敞开法、五酸敞开法、密闭酸溶法等,存在难溶矿物分解不完全、锆铪钍铀和稀土等元素回收率偏低等问题。本文对比了盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸敞开消解法、盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸-硫酸敞开消解法、硝酸-氢氟酸密闭消解法三种方法的分解效果。结果表明:四酸消解法中,铌钽锆铪钨和重稀土元素结果严重偏低;五酸消解法由于采用硫酸-氢氟酸-过氧化氢体系提取,有效地防止了铌钽的水解,铌钽钨等元素测定结果准确,但锆铪钡铅和轻稀土元素测定结果偏低。硝酸-氢氟酸密闭消解法使用王水代替硝酸进行残渣复溶,促进了铌钽锆铪和稀土等元素的复溶,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱和质谱法(ICP-OES/MS)可以准确测定花岗伟晶岩中稀有金属、稀土元素等32种元素,方法检出限为0.004~2.50μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=12)为1.0%~8.3%。将该方法应用于8种花岗岩、伟晶岩及稀有金属矿标准物质和三种类型实际样品...  相似文献   

4.
应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分析化探样品中的痕量银,通常在标准模式下用干扰校正法或动能歧视模式进行测定。银的两个稳定同位素均受锆和铌的氧化物或氢氧化物的质谱干扰,对于干扰元素锆、铌含量较高而银含量低的样品,测定误差较大,需要将干扰元素与银分离。本方法采用硝酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸消解样品,浓盐酸复溶提取,加入磷酸使大部分溶出的干扰元素锆、铌转化为难溶的磷酸盐化合物,通过沉淀与待测元素银分离。ICP-MS测定时以~(103)Rh为内标,用~(90)Zr~(16)O~+同质量数的同位素~(106)Pd间接校正~(91)Zr~(16)O~+、~(90)Zr~(16)O~1H~+对~(107)Ag的质谱干扰。经国家一级标准物质验证,分析结果在标准值的允许误差范围内,相对标准偏(n=12)为4.3%~12.1%,方法检出限(3SD)为0.0072μg/g。本方法适合土壤、水系沉积物及岩石等化探样品中痕量银的分析。样品处理中引入的磷酸不影响其他常规元素,可用同一份消解液进行测定。  相似文献   

5.
常压酸溶法因溶矿效率高、成本低、检出限低,在地质实验室被广泛应用,但采用常用的氢氟酸-硝酸-盐酸-高氯酸四酸法处理样品,铌钽溶出率低,铌钽在容器壁发生水解和聚合反应导致其部分吸附或沉降,从而使测试结果偏低。因此,应用常压酸溶-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分析地球化学勘查样品中的铌钽,需要解决的两个关键问题是铌钽的溶出率和试液中铌钽的水解。针对溶出率的不足,本方法在酸体系中引入硫酸,即氢氟酸-硝酸-盐酸-高氯酸-硫酸可以完全将铌钽溶出;针对水解,采用5%氢氟酸-5%硫酸-5%过氧化氢为提取剂,并采取与样品前处理相同分析流程的标准物质制作曲线,这两个方法相结合能有效抑制样品溶液中铌钽的水解,同时标准物质制作曲线法降低了ICP-MS分析中的样品溶液与标准溶液基体不一致引起的误差。本方法经国家标准物质验证,相对误差小于±7%,相对标准偏差在3.11%~6.27%之间(n=11),铌钽的检出限分别为0.04μg/g和0.03μg/g,相比于碱熔法检出限0.33μg/g具有明显优势,可以准确测定地球化学勘查样品中的铌钽。  相似文献   

6.
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锆钛砂矿中铪钛锆   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0  
赵庆令  李清彩 《岩矿测试》2013,32(6):883-886
锆钛砂矿是一种极难消解的矿物,除氢氟酸外,几乎不溶于所有的酸,由于矿物中铪、钛、锆含量高,而铪、钛、锆又易水解形成难溶的偏铪酸、偏钛酸、偏锆酸析出,样品前处理给定量分析带来很大困难。传统的化学法繁琐费时,且只能进行锆(铪)合量的分析。本文建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定锆钛砂矿样品中铪、钛、锆的方法。通过筛选四种溶矿方法,确定在刚玉坩埚中用过氧化钠于700℃时熔融样品,硝酸-EDTA浸取盐分前处理矿物,利用EDTA的强络合性质可使铪、钛、锆形成稳定的可溶络合物,制备出有代表性的样品溶液;在ICP-AES分析中,采用Re作为内标和大的高频功率消除了基体效应的影响。方法的精密度(RSD,n=11)低于1.3%,Hf、Ti、Zr的检出限分别为0.97 μg/g、0.86 μg/g、0.33 μg/g。实际样品的测定值与化学分析方法和X射线荧光光谱法的测定结果基本吻合。。本方法采用刚玉坩埚熔矿,提高了样品处理数量,降低了分析成本,适用于难熔锆钛砂矿样品的快速定量分析。  相似文献   

7.
准确检测植物体内的氟含量有助于预测氟化物的生态环境效应。植物中的氟含量低,通常不超过300μg/g,应用离子选择电极法测量氟需选择样品分解效率高的前处理方法使氟不受到损失,获得离子成分简单、空白低的溶液,同时加入适量的缓冲液增强氟离子的强度和掩蔽干扰。本文采用微波消解法处理植物样品,离子选择电极法测定氟的含量,通过优化实验条件确定了缓冲液的浓度。结果表明,在25℃、p H=6.5的样品溶液中加入147 g/L总离子强度缓冲溶液(TISAB)10 m L,避免了溶液中的阳离子与氟离子生成稳定的不溶絮状物,显著降低了沉淀物的产生。本方法检出限为0.242μg/g,精密度(RSD)小于8.5%,回收率为92.0%~108%,能满足地球化学样品分析中对植物样品中低含量氟的检测要求。  相似文献   

8.
广泛赋存在花岗伟晶岩和热液石英脉中的铍矿石是铍最重要的矿物载体,目前铍矿石系统分析仍以传统化学法为主,影响分析效率,亟待开发一种简单高效的铍矿石中多元素分析方法。本文建立了一种基于偏硼酸锂熔融-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)测定铍矿石中铍及主量元素的定量分析方法,使用4∶1熔剂-样品比,950℃下熔融15min后,通过超声提取制备溶液。偏硼酸锂熔融法能有效地分解铍矿石中的氧化物,克服了传统酸溶或碱熔无法检测硅、钠、钾等元素的局限。本方法通过校准曲线与样品基体匹配,加入铕作内标等措施消除基体效应,实现了各元素(以氧化物计)低至0.003%~0.2%的检出限,满足铍精矿质量检测需求。对绿柱石、香花石、日光榴石样品(BeO含量范围为0.14%~13.33%)测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于6.83%,与混合酸酸溶分析方法的测定值相对偏差为0.06%~21.28%。通过标准物质GBW07150、GBW07151和GBW07183验证,本方法精密度和准确度均符合地质矿产实验室测试质量管理规范,适用于多种类型铍矿石样品中铍及主量元素的快速连续分析。  相似文献   

9.
钨矿石和锡矿石成分复杂,具有丰富的共生或伴生元素。在国家标准方法中,对其中的微量共生或伴生元素含量多采用单元素测定,分析强度大,效率低。本文采用混合酸在敞开体系中消解样品,以50%盐酸提取盐类,电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)同时测定钨矿石和锡矿石中的锂钪铬钴镍铜铅锌铷钼铯锑铋钍等14种微量元素。通过比较碱熔法、盐酸+氢氟酸+硝酸+高氯酸四酸溶矿法、氢氟酸+硝酸+高氯酸三酸溶矿法这三种样品前处理方法,确定选择使用氢氟酸+硝酸+高氯酸三酸溶矿法溶解样品。ICPMS测定过程中,选择铑和铼作为内标元素,有效监控分析信号的漂移。测定结果表明,各元素的检出限为0.003~1.64μg/g,相对标准偏差在0.1%~3.1%,方法回收率在93.1%~104.3%。方法应用于实际钨矿石和锡矿石分析,测定结果与各元素标准测定值吻合较好。相对于传统处理方法,本法一次溶样,多元素同时测定,使分析效率得到了有效提高,更适合大批量多元素钨矿石和锡矿石样品的分析。  相似文献   

10.
前人曾对与水口山矿田成矿关系密切的花岗闪长岩、花岗闪长斑岩、花岗斑岩、英安玢岩等进行了黑云母、全岩K-Ar 法和颗粒锆 U-Pb 稀释法同位素年龄测定,年龄结果介于120~172Via 之间,不同的研究者和不同的方法所测定的结果大不相同。本文对水口山矿区花岗闪长岩中的锆石进行了 SHRIMP U-Pb 年龄的精确测定,结果为163±2Ma(95%可信度,MSWD=1.2)。因此,本文认为:(J)该矿床形成于燕山早期,与华南中生代大规模的成矿作用时间一致,而且与花岗闪长岩有密切的成因联系,成岩与成矿是同时的;(2)结合岩石的微量元素地球化学特征认为,矿床是在中晚侏罗世时地壳处于拉张-减薄构造环境下形成的。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

13.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

16.
正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)  相似文献   

17.
正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,  相似文献   

18.
正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)  相似文献   

19.
正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-  相似文献   

20.
正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with  相似文献   

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