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1.
由卫星和航空磁测成果推断中国岩石圈的磁性特征 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
根据前人所得卫星和航磁异常解释结果，作者的综合研究表明：(1)在塔里木、四川和松辽盒地，地壳呈强磁性，至少可分为两层，上层磁化强度为1A／m，下层为2A／m或更强一些。在上述盆地中央，地幔顶部约10km厚，也是强磁性的，此外，在南中国海，地壳和地幔顶部也是强磁性的，卫星磁异常的源位于上述部位。(2)西藏高原，中国东南沿海一带以及其他一些褶皱带之下，地壳是弱磁性的，磁性层在地表以下30km以内，磁化强度约0.66A/m。特别要指出的是，在东南沿海一带，磁性层底面和莫霍面重合，而居里等温面恰在莫霍面之下，因此这个带可能是Wasilewsky PJ等提出的“莫霍面是一个磁性界面”的一例。 相似文献
2.
利用岩石磁化率量值椭球体与岩石构造应变椭球体的共轴性,在缺乏岩性标志层的高喜马拉雅结晶基底（聂拉木地区）进行岩石磁组构研究,进而研究喜马拉雅造山带的变形期次和过程.磁组构特征表明：磁化率各向异性度P在樟木镇北1km处的片岩最高为172,在康山桥南1km处最低,为113;百分率各向异性度H在1182%～4507%之间;磁性线理L在102～109之间,磁性面理F在106～160之间,磁性面理F比磁性线理L发育;磁化率椭球体的形状因子T在019～076之间,磁化率椭球的扁率E在104～149之间,磁化率椭球体的形状为一压扁椭球;樟木镇北1km到肉切村,平均最小磁化率主轴方向D3为S－N（除聂拉木北1km的MA9外）,大多数样品最小磁化率主轴方向倾角I3＞51°,最高达726°,局部发育有拉长形磁化率量值椭球体.本文研究结果表明,聂拉木地区早期经历强烈的韧性变形,推测可能是一条巨大的右旋逆冲韧性变形带,晚期构造掀斜. 相似文献
3.
利用卫星观测的长波磁异常，用等效偶极源方法推导了中国地区的视磁化强度分布．因卫星的高度远大于磁性地壳的厚度，将视磁化强度转换成磁化强度的垂直积分，它代表地壳内磁性物质的区域变化，利用视磁化强度与地表热流相应关系，计算了中国的新疆和东部一些地区居里等温面的深度．新疆地区的居里面深度为35-50km，其分布形态与塔里木盆地和准噶尔盆地的地貌比较相似；中国东部一些地区居里面深度在20-40km之间，与一些作者用航磁等数据得到的居里深度十分接近． 相似文献
4.
利用卫星观测的长波磁异常，用等效偶极源方法推导了中国地区的视磁化强度分布．因卫星的高度远大于磁性地壳的厚度，将视磁化强度转换成磁化强度的垂直积分，它代表地壳内磁性物质的区域变化，利用视磁化强度与地表热流相应关系，计算了中国的新疆和东部一些地区居里等温面的深度．新疆地区的居里面深度为35-50km，其分布形态与塔里木盆地和准噶尔盆地的地貌比较相似；中国东部一些地区居里面深度在20-40km之间，与一些作者用航磁等数据得到的居里深度十分接近． 相似文献
5.
南北带北段地壳上地幔密度与磁性结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用对应分析约束下的重磁联合反演方法,计算了南北带北段４条地震测深剖面的地壳上地幔的密度和磁化率物性参数。结果表明：①自上而下区内存在中新生界地层与下伏地层（０．１４￣０．３０ｇ／ｃｍ＾３）、中上地壳与下地壳（０．１０￣０．２０ｇ／ｃｍ＾３）和下地壳与上地幔顶部之间（０．３０￣０．４０ｇ／ｃｍ＾３）３个密度分界面;②区内磁性参数随深度增加而增大,浅部中新生界地层几乎无磁性,中上地壳磁化率一般为１０ 相似文献
6.
南海东北部陆缘是研究南海深部结构、构造演化与动力学机制的关键区域。鉴于该区磁测数据受低磁纬度斜磁化和剩磁影响,本文采用等效源技术与磁异常模量反演相结合的策略,基于实测磁异常进行三维磁性结构反演。反演结果显示,区内具有显著的南北分块,东西分带的构造分区特点,磁性体的延展方向表现为东西向、北东向和北西向三组,与区内的主要构造方向一致。陆缘区高值磁异常带与其南侧的磁静区磁性反演特征存在明显差异,前者表现为沿北东向延伸的强磁性体,其平面展布范围约500km*60km,深度超过25km,结合最新的地球物理研究成果,认为可能与板块俯冲有关的地壳深部岩浆底侵活动密切相关。后者表现为浅部呈东西条带状展布的弱磁性体,而其深部下地壳及上地幔顶部为宽缓的磁性层,显示出类似于洋壳的磁性结构,推测可能与古洋壳有关。 相似文献
7.
南京某钢铁公司周边耕作土壤的磁学性质与重金属污染的相关性研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对取自于南京西南郊某钢铁公司附近水稻田土壤NJ008样芯进行了磁性测量和重金属含量分析,探讨了利用农业耕作土壤的磁参数指示工业区周围重金属污染的可行性。环境磁学测试结果表明：磁化率（χ）、非磁滞剩磁（ARM）及饱和等温剩磁（SIRM）在土壤剖面上部20cm显著增强,磁化率平均值达到112.5×10^-8m^3·kg^-1;20cm以下呈现为较低磁背景特征,磁化率平均值为27.8×10^-8m^3·kg^-1。进一步的磁学实验证明低矫顽力的亚铁磁矿物主导了NJ008样芯的磁性特征,不完整反铁磁性矿物在20cm以下土壤中含量相对较高。Ni,Cu,Fe,Pb,V和Zn等重金属与磁化率呈现相同的变化特征。主成分分析表明亚铁磁性矿物和重金属受同一主成分控制,且磁指标（χ,ARM和SIRM）与重金属（Ni,Cu,Fe,Pb,V和Zn）呈显著相关关系（0.69≤R≤0.98）。对远离钢铁公司的同种耕作土壤剖面NJ013测试表明：其磁化率随深度变化不大,绝对值与NJ008在20cm以下磁背景值基本一致。表明耕作过程中的化肥和农药对土壤磁化率影响不大,钢铁公司释放的工业污染是NJ008土壤剖面中磁化率显著增强的主要原因。耕作土壤由于反复翻种,虽然不能用于污染历史及污染物迁移过程研究,但基于磁指标与部分重金属之间的显著相关性,耕作土壤仍然可以用于重金属污染分布范围的圈定和相对污染程度评价。 相似文献
8.
全球地壳厚度等值线图(图6)显示了地壳厚度的双峰标度。海洋盆地的地壳厚度为6～7km(不包括4～5km的水层)，而大陆部分的平均厚度为39．7km。在海洋一大陆边缘的典型地壳厚度是30km，并向大陆内部逐渐增厚到40～45km。厚度超过50km的地壳局限在几个地区，包括中国西部的青 相似文献
9.
应用矩谱和最大熵谱二种方法求解海城及周围地区地壳磁结构,对地壳进行磁性分层.研究结果表明,地壳从上至下可划分为3层,即无磁性层,磁性层和退磁层.还发现磁性层底界面(居里面)分布恰好与地壳速度结构上地壳下界面和中地壳顶界面相吻合.有趣的是,1975年2月4日海城7.3级地震就发生在居里等温面的深度梯级带上.因此,研究磁性层及居里等温面分布特征,对于判别潜在震源区是有益的. 相似文献
10.
井中磁测在铁矿等磁性金属矿床勘查中具有举足轻重的作用.针对磁性金属矿床深部资源勘查中存在的有效信号弱、矿体形态复杂等技术难题,本文利用井中三分量磁测资料和地面磁测资料直接反演地下空间磁化率的分布情况,充分发挥纵、横向分辨率高的优势,通过磁化率的变化来确定矿（化）体的范围.分析了磁化率和磁场Hax、Hay、Za、ΔT各参量之间的关系,导出了磁化率反演方程;将钻孔编录、磁化率测井等结果作为约束条件构建了目标函数.以组合倾斜板状体模型为例,验证了方法的有效性,并在青海野马泉铁多金属矿区开展应用试验,试验结果与已有地质资料基本一致.该方法有效抑制了因反演数据源单一、缺乏约束条件而造成反演结果的多解性,实现了磁测资料的精细反演解释,为查明地下矿体空间位置、形态及规模,提高找矿效果,提供了一种新的解决方案. 相似文献
11.
The magnetic map of Slovakia used in the paper was compiled as part of a project titled Atlas of Geophysical maps and profiles in 2001. The residual magnetic data were analyzed to produce Curie point estimates. To remove distortion of magnetic anomalies
caused by the Earth’s magnetic field, reduction to pole transformation was applied to the magnetic anomalies using the magnetization
angle of the induced magnetization. Anomalies reduced to the pole tend to be better correlated with tectonic structures. We
applied a 3-km upward continuation to the residually compiled magnetic anomalies in order to remove effects of topography.
The depth of magnetic dipoles was calculated by an azimuthally averaged power spectrum method for the entire area. Such estimates
can be indicative of temperatures in the crust, since magnetic minerals lose their spontaneous magnetization according to
Curie temperature of the dominant magnetic minerals in the rocks. The computed Curie point depths in the Slovakia region vary
between 15.2 km and 20.9 km. Heat flow higher than 100 mWm−2 occurs at the central volcanics and eastern part of Slovakia, where the Curie point depths values are shallow. The correlation
between Curie point depths, heat flow and crust depth was investigated for two E-W cross sections. Heat flow and Curie point
depth values are correlated with each other however, these values could not be correlated with crust depth. The Curie point
isotherm, which separates magnetic and non-magnetic parts of the crust, is represented in two cross sections. 相似文献
12.
13.
We investigate the regional thermal structure of the crust in Mexico using Curie Point Depth (CPD) estimates. The top and bottom of the magnetized crust were calculated using the power-density spectra of the total magnetic field from the freely available ??Magnetic Anomaly Map of North America??. We applied this method to estimate the regional crustal thermal structure in overlapping square windows of 2°?×?2°. The CPD estimates range between 10 and 40?km and show several regions of relatively shallow and deep magnetic sources, with a general inverse correlation with measured heat flow. A deep CPD region (20?C30?km) is located in the fore-arc area where the subducting Cocos plate has a flat-slab geometry. This deep region is bound to the NW and SE by shallow CPD areas beneath the states of Michoacan (CPD?=?12?C16?km) and Oaxaca (CPD?=?~16?km), respectively. There is a good spatial correlation between this deep CPD area and two main fracture zones located on the incoming Cocos plate (Orozco and O??Gorman fracture zones), suggesting that subduction plays an important role in setting apart different CPD provinces along the Mexican coast. Another deep CPD (16?C32?km) area corresponds to the region where the Rivera plate subducts beneath Jalisco block. The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt is characterized by a decrease in Curie depths from west (16?C20?km) to east (10?C12?km). Finally, several deep CPD areas are situated in the back-arc region where old Mesozoic terrains are present. Our results suggest that the main control on the crust??s regional thermal structure in the fore-arc and volcanic arc regions is due to the subduction of the Cocos and Rivera plates beneath Mexico. 相似文献
14.
Many Earth system processes generate magnetic fields, either primary magnetic fields or in response to other magnetic fields. The largest of these magnetic fields is due to the dynamo in the Earth’s core, and can be approximated by a geocentric axial dipole that has decayed by nearly 10% during the last 150 years. This is an order of magnitude faster than its natural decay time, a reflection of the growth of patches of reverse flux at the core–mantle boundary. The velocity of the North magnetic pole reached some 40 km/yr in 2001. This velocity is the highest recorded so far in the last two centuries. The second largest magnetic field in the solid Earth is caused by induced and remanent magnetization within the crust. Controlled in part by the thermo-mechanical properties of the crust, these fields contain signatures of tectonic processes currently active, and those active in the distant past. Recent work has included an estimate of the surface heat flux under the Antarctic ice cap. In order to understand the recent changes in the Earth’s magnetic field, new high-quality measurements are needed to continue those being made by Ørsted (launched in 1999), CHAMP and the Ørsted-2 experiment onboard SAC-C (both launched in 2000). The present paper is motivated by the advent of space surveys of the geomagnetic field, and illustrates how our way of observing, modeling, and interpreting the Earth’s magnetic field has changed in recent years due to the new magnetic satellite measurements. 相似文献
15.
利用重、磁和天然地震资料对中南地区进行了综合地质地球物理研究.根据研究区的重、磁异常的分布特征,可将其分为4个重力异常区、3个航磁异常区.根据重力资料反演计算得到的研究区的地壳厚度在295～41 km之间,总的趋势为西厚东薄,地壳厚度与地形起伏基本上呈镜像关系.根据磁力资料计算得到的研究区居里界面在12～40 km之间变化.地震层析成像结果表明研究区内的速度分布总体上体现了纵横交错的断块特征.在纵向尺度上,江汉－洞庭盆地以及周缘造山带的上地壳结构变化不大,中地壳和下地壳则普遍受到现今构造活动的改造,以致岩石的结构发生了一定的变化.它们主要表现为低速区域的扩大,尤其是在地壳下部尤为突出,这与断陷盆地的拉张以及造山带岩石层的底侵和拆沉作用密切相关.通过对研究区地球物理场的分析计算,在研究区共提取主要断裂带34条.根据岩石层板块大地构造理论,依据岩石层结构、地壳结构和结晶基底等深部结构的不同,将研究区中板内不同构造单元——块体作为一级构造单元,块体之间的深大断裂带作为块体的边界——块体结合带,据此原则在研究区中划分出两个一级构造单元,五个二级构造单元. 相似文献
16.
The lithospheric magnetic field (LMF) in China and its surrounding are calculated using the spherical harmonic coefficients given by the NGDC-720 model. The LMF comes from the magnetization of minerals in the crust and in the uppermost mantle. It may, therefore, provide unique insight into lithospheric tectonic processes and mechanisms. Here, we study the geomagnetic manifestation of active tectonic blocks, and find a close correlation between the LMF and seismicity. Many large faults are found to closely overlap with magnetic anomalies, or are distributed along the boundaries of magnetic anomalies. Earthquakes in these fault regions have occurred on the boundaries of magnetic anomalies, or in the transition zones between positive and negative anomalies. We analyze the components of the LMF, and the LMFs at different altitudes, finding that the vertical component, B z at 200 km, is the most related to seismic activity. Relevant physical mechanisms are also discussed. We propose that the stress or viscosity differences caused by temperature variations, which manifest in the LMF, may be the predominant reason for the correlation between the LMF and seismic activity along large faults. 相似文献
17.
The 3D magnetic structure beneath the continental margin of the northeastern South China Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Understanding the continental margin of the Northeastern South China Sea is critical to the study of deep structures, tectonic evolution, and dynamics of the region. One set of important data for this endeavor is the total-field magnetic data. Given the challenges associated with the magnetic data at low latitudes and with remanent magnetism in this area, we combine the equivalent-source technique and magnetic amplitude inversion to recover 3D subsurface magnetic structures. The inversion results show that this area is characterized by a north-south block division and east-west zonation. Magnetic regions strike in EW, NE and NW direction and are consistent with major tectonic trends in the region. The highly magnetic zone recovered from inversion in the continental margin differs visibly from that of the magnetically quiet zones to the south. The magnetic anomaly zone strikes in NE direction, covering an area of about 500 km × 60 km, and extending downward to a depth of 25 km or more. In combination with other geophysical data, we suggest that this strongly magnetic zone was produced by deep underplating of magma associated with plate subduction in Mesozoic period. The magnetically quiet zone in the south is an EW trending unit underlain by broad and gentle magnetic layers of lower crust. Its magnetic structure bears a clear resemblance to oceanic crust, assumed to be related to the presence of ancient oceanic crust there. 相似文献
18.
V. P. Trubitsyn A. A. Baranov E. V. Kharybin 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2007,43(7):533-542
Light continents and islands characterized by a crustal thickness of more than 30 km float over a convective mantle, while the thin basaltic oceanic crust sinks completely in subduction zones. The normal oceanic crust is 7 km thick. However, anomalously thick basaltic plateaus forming as a result of emplacement of mantle plumes into moving oceanic lithospheric plates are also pulled into the mantle. One of the largest basaltic plateaus is the Ontong Java plateau on the Pacific plate, which arose during the intrusion of a giant superplume into the plate ～100 Myr ago. Notwithstanding its large thickness (averaging ～30 km), the Ontong Java plateau is still experiencing slow subduction. On the basis of numerical modeling, the paper analyzes the oceanic crust subduction process as a function of the mantle convection vigorousness and the density, thickness, viscosity, and shape of the crust. Even a simplified model of thermocompositional convection in the upper mantle is capable of explaining the observed facts indicating that the oceanic crust and sediments are pulled into the mantle and the continental crust is floating on the mantle. 相似文献
19.
南海北部陆架西区盆地地质、地球物理场特征及其深部结构 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：8
分析了南海北部陆架西区盆地的地质、地球物理场特征，计算了研究海域重、磁资料的1阶小波细节、4阶小波逼近变换。根据分析与计算可知，研究区的布格重力异常以北西低的负值，东南高的正值为特征。在东部及东南部异常等值线走向为北东；西部异常等值线以北西走向为特征；西北地区异常以北东东、北东走向的局部等值线圈闭为特征。磁场的展布十分复杂，按磁异常的变化程度可分为三个变化区，即磁异常平静区、剧变区及缓变区。磁异常的平静区位于研究区的西部，即莺歌海盆地所在位置，这一带磁异常等值线极为稀疏，异常值为负背景异常。剧变区位于海南岛，该地区的磁异常变化极为剧烈，异常特征以局部小圈闭为特征，等值线分布密集。磁异常的平缓区位于平静区及剧变区之外的其它地区。琼东南盆地、北部湾盆地的磁异常具有此特征。根据重、磁场资料以及南海北部盆地钻井取样的测试结果、同时参考穿越南海地学断面的结果，对研究区的地壳结构进行了反演计算，计算表明南海陆架盆地区域地壳结构较为复杂，研究区的地壳厚度在22－33km之间，总的趋势由陆向洋地壳厚度逐渐减薄，反映出该区域地壳具有陆壳、拉伸陆壳、过渡壳的性质，同时存在有上地幔隆起区及凹陷区。磁性底界面厚度在17－24km之间变化，其中在莺歌海盆地较深，在海南岛地区磁性界面较浅。 相似文献
20.
重-磁-震联合反演是获取地壳结构的重要方法.此次研究,我们主要基于全球最新的水深、重磁异常、沉积物厚度等数据,结合实测地震数据和前人研究成果,分析了中国海-西太平洋地区的莫霍面展布特征,并利用重磁震联合反演方法获得了跨越中国海-西太平洋典型剖面的地壳结构和异常体分布,揭示了陆壳到洋壳的典型变化规律.结果表明,从浙江地区到马里亚纳俯冲带,地壳结构大致呈现由厚到薄、由老到新、由复杂到简单的特征.浙江地区（扬子块体和华夏块体）地壳结构复杂,三层结构明显,地壳内断裂带发育,并伴有广泛的岩浆侵入;东海地区莫霍面起伏剧烈,地壳厚度变化较大,冲绳海槽地壳明显减薄,是其过渡壳性质的体现;西菲律宾海盆、九州-帕劳海脊、帕里西维拉海盆、马里亚纳俯冲带等构造单元地壳结构相对简单,二层结构明显.其中,西菲律宾海盆和帕里西维拉海盆地壳内部磁异常变化较为剧烈,海盆扩张过程中形成的磁异常体分布广泛,地壳厚度（5~8 km）明显小于陆壳;九州-帕劳海脊地壳厚度可达~20 km,缺失中地壳,表现为岛弧地壳结构;同源的西马里亚纳岛弧和东马里亚纳火山弧地壳结构相似,浅层磁异常体分布广泛,西马里亚纳岛弧地壳厚度（~17 km）略小于东马里亚纳火山弧（~20 km）,体现了裂离的不对称性;马里亚纳海槽具有正常的洋壳结构（~7 km）,但扩张中心未发生明显破裂.对比各构造单元地壳结构的异同点,我们进一步认识到,陆壳与洋壳之间不是孤立的,陆壳可能会演化出洋壳的结构或组分,板块的演化总是处于动态循环过程中.此研究加深了我们对中国海-西太平洋深部构造特征的整体理解,促进了我们对大陆边缘演化与板块相互作用的认识,深化了我国管辖海域及邻近地区的基础地质调查. 相似文献