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1.
本文报道了植物生长素Ｑ．Ｃ．对海带苗的影响试验。结果表明，Ｑ．Ｃ．对海带苗的细胞分裂具有明显的促进作用，从而加速了海带配子体的生长发育。其中以０．２×１０＾－＾６（Ｖ／Ｖ）组的效果最明显，经处理３ｄ后配子体大小达１８－２０μｍ，１１ｄ后达２０－２３μｍ，并已进入了性成熟期，♀体一级突起达２２％，而对照组的大小为１６－１８μｍ，一级突起仅１％，用Ｑ．Ｃ．处理配子体阶段转化而成的幼孢子体或幼孢子体阶段 相似文献
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采用激素诱导鬼Ｙｏｕ在水池中自然卵受精获得成功。在海水密度１．０２２５ｇ．ｍｌ＾－１，水温２０℃的条件下，受精卵经４８－５５ｈ孵化。在１８－２４℃的温度波动下，于孵后第５－６天卵黄被完全吸收并开始主动摄食，第１５天进入稚鱼期。 相似文献
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南方鲇的饥饿代谢研究 总被引：43，自引：2，他引：41
于１９９６年１月９日－６月１２日,在西南师范大学鱼类能量学实验室,对南鲇幼鱼（６１．７－９２．３ｇ）进行了２７．５℃条件下的饥饿耐受性实验,并采用连续流水式呼吸仪测定了实验鱼在此期间的静止代谢率。结果表明,饥饿至１５６ｄ时,５０％的实验鱼死亡。饥饿鱼代谢水平的变化可分为４个阶段：（１）饥饿１－２０ｄ,代谢率再饥饿时间延长而呈直线下降;（２０饥饿２１－８１ｄ,处于相对稳定状态;（３）饥饿８１－９１ｄ 相似文献
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通过测定乳化鱼油中不饱和脂肪酸含量和化学发光强度,研究了在５０℃乳化鱼油中,低分子甲壳胺（ＬＭＣＨＳ）和低分子羧甲基甲壳胺硫酸酯（ＣＣＳ）对不饱和脂肪酸氧化的保护作用。测定结果,第６ｄ ＣＣＳ对Ｃ２２：５、Ｃ２２：６氧化抑制率达９６．０３％ 、９２．５０％ ,在第２０ｄ ＬＭＣＨＳ对不饱和脂肪酸Ｃ１６：１、Ｃ１８：１氧化抑制率为６１．０６％ 、６０．０９％ ,对Ｃ１８：３、Ｃ２０：５和Ｃ２２：６氧化抑制率分别为５０．３６％ 、４７．５７％ 、４３．７０％ 。研究表明：ＬＭＣＨＳ和ＣＣＳ对不饱脂肪酸都具有很好的保护作用,效果优于维生素Ｅ。 相似文献
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日本对虾卵巢促熟技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用卵巢未发育的海捕日本对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ，采用综合措施，进行切除眼柄前、后两个阶段培育，促进卵巢发育和成熟。结果：切除眼柄前分别在ｔ＝１５．０—１８℃和２０．０─２３．０℃经１７ｄ左右的培育，卵巢发育率为６２％—６５％；切除眼柄后在ｔ＝２５．０—２５．５℃经４—５ｄ的培育，亲虾成批成熟和产卵，成熟率为９６％。先后两批共育出了３０２０万尾苗种。 相似文献
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栉孔扇贝胚胎超低温液氮保存 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选用两种低温保护剂配方，Ａ：１０％甘油＋４％葡萄糖；Ｂ：１５％ＤＭＳＯ（二甲基亚铜）＋４％葡萄糖＋２％柠檬酸盐，利用微机控制生物降温仪，对栉孔扇贝胚胎进行液氮低温保存。似１℃／ｍｉｎ由室温降温至－２０℃，接着以２０℃／ｍｉｎ降温至－８０℃，然后样品直接入液氮保存（－１９６℃），１周后，经４５℃水浴解冻，栉孔扇贝胚胎（发育６ｄ）的存活率达６５．１％（Ａ配方）和５６．５％（Ｂ配方）；而采用６℃／ｍｉｎ 相似文献
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海洋无脊椎动物消化酶的研究——Ⅰ、紫贻贝、日本蟳、滨螺消化酶的初步分析及其应用 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
本文用11种酶底物，测定了紫贻贝、日本蟳和滨螺消化系统的酶活性，并初步研究了这些消化酶的应用。实验表明：1.0％的紫贻贝消化酶在25℃，20分钟内可水解去除蟳鱼受精卵膜。1．0％的该消化酶加入等体0．5％的半纤维素酶和果胶酶，在30℃、60分钟内可制备出大量啤酒酵母原生质体。在同样条件下．1．5-2小时内，可去除大部分三角褐指藻的细胞壁。 相似文献
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悲翠贻贝是亚热带暖水性经济贝类，近几年来人工养殖发展迅速，为了充分利用海区自然苗种资源，１９９２－１９９３年我们在围头湾进行了海区半人工采苗试验。结果是悲翠贻贝１９９３年附苗期在５月２５日至８月初，高峰斯出现在６月２０日至７月５日，采苗最佳水层在水面下１．５－３ｍ间。 相似文献
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对虾冷藏过程中肌肉蛋白特性的变化比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从生物化学、物理学两方面,比较养殖对虾和海捕对虾在冷冻贮藏过程中肌动球蛋白的特性变化,探讨不同贮藏温度和时间对蛋白特性的影响,及特性指标之间的相关性。冷藏后ＡＭ溶解度下降,ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性下降,总ＳＨ和未遮盖ＳＨ数均减少,疏水性增大,而ＡＴＰ感度呈下降趋势。所有指标变化表明随着冻藏时间的延长,蛋白质变性加剧,变性程度为－１０℃＞－１８℃＞－３０℃。各项指标均显示养殖对虾蛋白质的耐冻性比海捕对虾弱。 相似文献
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在温度为２５±１℃,盐度为２８的条件下,用Ｆ／２培养基对青岛海洋大学微藻种质库保存的３３株筒柱藻进行培养。在指数生长期末期进行收获。测定了３３株筒柱藻的脂肪酸组成,总脂含量,收获时的细胞密度,生物量。其主要脂肪酸为１４∶０,１６∶０,１６∶１（ｎ－７）和２０∶５（ｎ－３）,其中Ｂ２００的２０∶５（ｎ－３）含量最高,占总脂肪酸的１５．９％。 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献