共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Daniel N. Obiora Mirianrita N. Ossai Francisca N. Okeke Andrew I. Oha 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2016,88(5):654-667
Airborne geophysical (aeromagnetic and gravity) data of Nsukka area was interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively with the aim of determining the susceptibilities of rock types, depth/mass of the anomalous bodies, possible cause of the anomalies and type of mineralization prevalent in the area. The estimated depths from forward and inverse modeling of aeromagnetic data for profiles 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were 1200m, 1644m, 1972m, 2193m and 2285m respectively. The respective susceptibility values were 0.0031, 0.0073, 1.4493, 0.0069 and 0.0016. These indicate dominance of iron rich minerals like limonite, hematite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite and forms lateritic caps on sandstones. SPI depth result ranges from 151.6m minimum (shallow magnetic bodies) to 3082.7 m maximum (deep lying magnetic bodies). Euler depths for the four different structural index (SI = 0.5, 1, 2, 3) ranges from 7.99 to 128.93m which are depths of shallow magnetic sources resulting from lateritic bodies in the outcrops in the study area. From the gravity data interpretation, Euler depth estimation reveals that depth to anomalous bodies ranges from 89.13 to 2296.92m. Density of the causative body obtained from modeling results for profile 1 was 1498kg/m3, which is in the range of clay material and the depth was about 923m. From models 2, 4 and 5, the densities of the causative bodies were 3523, 4127 and 3707kg/m3, while depths to the surface were about 604, 815 and 1893m respectively. These density ranges correspond to that of ironstone. From model three, the density of causative body obtained was 2508kg/m3, located at a depth of about 268m below the surface. This work has shown that Nsukka area is underlain by thick strata of shales, sandstones and ironstones, which together are suitable for ceramic production, and sufficiently thick sediments suitable for hydrocarbon accumulation. 相似文献
2.
The interpretation of the geomagnetic data covering the Nigerian Sector of the hydrocarbon elusive Chad Basin has been carried out with the aim of evaluating its hydrocarbon prospectivity. The geomagnetic data was subjected to transformation and enhancement techniques such as reduction to the equator, band-pass filtering, analytic signal, pseudogravity, Source Parameter Imaging (SPI), and Euler deconvolution (ED). The 2-D forward modeling was done using the GM-SYS? software. The results revealed two subbasins, separated by basement high, where the thickness of sedimentary succession of source rocks, reservoirs, and seals attained about 5 km. Two sets of laterally persistent NE-SW and NW-SE fracture systems capable of forming migratory routes were identified within the study area. Euler solutions show basement fractures that propagate through the sedimentary column at 1000 to 5000 m. Characteristic alternation of positive and negative pseudogravity anomalies exposed basement configuration to be of horst and graben architecture. Constructed models revealed drape anticlines that could act as structural traps in the event of hydrocarbon generation. Analytic signal anomalies indicative of igneous intrusive were mapped within the subbasins. This study concluded that elements that favour hydrocarbon occurrence are present in the Chad Basin and was therefore considered to be of high hydrocarbon prospectivity provided the occurrence and timing of the igneous intrusions had not adversely affected hydrocarbon accumulation. 相似文献
3.
This study deals with the evaluation of the structural setup of the Ras Banas area on the northwestern part of the Red Sea by using magnetic data. Different analyzing techniques were applied to achieve this goal including regional-residual separation, trend analysis, depth estimation, Euler deconvolution, horizontal gradient, analytic signal, and magnetic modeling. The results of these techniques were used to construct a deep-seated structural feature map.Lineament analysis indicates that the area was mainly affected by the NW, WNW, and NE tectonic trends. The magnetic modeling was performed along four profiles supported by Euler deconvolution, horizontal gradient, and analytic signal profiles. The modeled profiles show that the basement rocks composed of uplifted and down-faulted blocks at different depths as well as step-like structure. The basement rocks seem to be acidic in nature intruded by basic/ultrabasic dikes. Generally, the magnetic susceptibility ranges from 0.0003 to 0.04 cgs indicating acidic to basic/ultrabasic rock composition. The basement relief map shows an irregular basement surface, which varies greatly in depth from 1 to 5.6 km below sea level. The deep-seated structure map shows that the basement was highly affected by two main fault trends in the NW and NNE directions. The NW trending structures were intersected by younger left lateral NNE transform faults. These cross-faults dissect the area into a number of alternated and elongated blocks. 相似文献
4.
High resolution airborne magnetic data of parts of the southern Benue Trough were digitally processed and analyzed in order to estimate the depth of magnetic sources and to map the distribution and orientation of subsurface structural features. Enhancement techniques applied include, reduction to pole/equator (RTP/RTE), first and second vertical derivatives, horizontal gradients and analytic signal. Results from these procedures show that at least 40% of the sedimentary basin contain shallow (<200 m) magmatic bodies, which in most cases are intermediate to mafic intrusive and hyperbysal rocks, and may occur as sills, dikes or batholiths. Magnetic lineaments with a predominant NE–SW trend appear to be more densely distributed around the basement rocks of the Oban Hills and metamorphosed rocks around the Workum Hills. 3D standard Euler deconvolution and Source Parameter Imaging (SPI TM) techniques were employed for depth estimation. Results from the two methods show similar depth estimates. The maximum depth to basement values for 3D Euler and SPI are 4.40 and 4.85 km with mean depths of 0.42 and 0.37 km, respectively. Results of 2D modelling of magnetic profiles drawn perpendicular to major anomalies in the study area reveal the existence of deep seated faults which may have controlled the emplacement of intrusive bodies in the basin. The abundance of intrusive bodies in the study area renders this part of the southern Nigerian sedimentary basins unattractive for petroleum exploration. However, the area possesses high potential for large accumulation of base metal mineralization. 相似文献
5.
Nurudeen Kolawole Olasunkanmi Olufemi S. Bamigboye Adebayo Aina 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(24):541
This report details the result of geophysical exploration for iron ore; which involved vertical magnetic intensity (?Z) and gravity measurements, to delineate the geometry and depth extent of the deposit and acquiring quantitative and qualitative information for pre-drilling purposes in Agbado-Okudu. It is located about 3 km from Jakura along Lokoja-Jakura marble quarry and within low latitude precambrian basement complex district of Kogi State, Nigeria. A total of 517 magnetic measurement points along 16 traverses and 330 gravity reading along 11 profiles on the deposit in northeast–southwest azimuth were undertaken. The magnetic and gravity data enhancement involved linear regression curve fitting and fast Fourier transform, which were used to construct residual magnetic (RM) and gravity (RG) anomalies, analytic signal amplitude, Euler deconvolution at varying spectral indices (SI), power spectrum, and source parameter image (SPI), using the submenu of Geosoft Oasis Montaj software. Interpretation of the RM and RG anomalies revealed a primary causative body which perfectly correlates the positive anomalies and iron ore deposit, in form of a horizontal or gently dipping dyke with strike length of 600 m and average width of 110–130 m, within the gneiss complex in the north and trending south of the area. A secondary causative body associated with the negative anomalies and inferred as a vertical/near vertical thin sheet striking northeast–southwest coincided with the granitic and quartzitic intrusion. The NW–SE and E–W lineament trend conformed Kibarian and Liberian orogeny cycles of generally known structural trends in Nigeria, which shows that the iron ore deposit is structurally controlled. Depths to sources were estimated within range ≤ 2–24 m and 37.5–60 m, regarded as shallow and relatively deep depths, respectively. Ten vertical boreholes ranging in depth between 50 and 100 m are recommended, five of which require a priority attention to ascertain the thickness of the primary causative body. 相似文献
6.
The stratigraphic and tectonic setting in the northwest part of Himalayan belt is complex and thrusted due to the collision of Indian plate and the Eurasian plate. During the past, the Himalaya is divided into four parts; these are Outer Himalaya, Lesser Himalaya, Greater or Higher Himalaya and Tethys Himalaya. The appearance of basement rocks played a significant role in the Himalayan periphery for stratigraphic, structural and tectonic movement. The deformation pattern of the crustal rocks causing the rise of basement rocks which constitutes an integral part of crustal configuration during the evolutionary stages of the Himalaya. In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate the basement depth configuration using spectral analysis and Euler deconvolution technique of gravity data in the northwest Himalaya region. The elevation increases continuously from 500 m to 5100 m in SW to NE direction, however, Bouguer gravity anomaly decreases continuously from ?130 mGal to ?390 mGal in SW to NE direction due to the isostaic adjustment. Gravity anomaly is very low near Harsil, Badrinath and Joshimath area and observed higher elevation due to the deep rooted basement. However, there are extrusion of crystalline basement in and around the Badrinath area due to the resettlement of geologic process which are overlaid to the top surface of the sedimentary layers. Euler deconvolution technique has been applied to detect the direct basement depth and results show a good correlation with the average depth of the spectral analysis and other works carried by different authors. Three gravity profiles are selected in appropriate places orienting SW-NE direction with a profile length of 160 km, 150 km and 140 km respectively in the study area for calculating the average depth of the basement rock. The average basement depth calculated is around 11.27 km using the spectral analysis technique and results are well correlated with the results of various workers. Euler deconvolution studies along the three selected profiles have been interpreted. It has been observed that there are more number of cluster points falling between depth ranges of 10 to 15 km, dipping in SW to NE direction. Euler’s study shows deep rooted connection near Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), Main Central Thrust (MCT), Bearing Thrust (BT) and Vaikrita Thrust (VT) locations as per profile study. Based on these studies three geological models have been prepared along the profiles showing different tectonic resettlement and depth of crystalline basement. Crystalline rocks exposed at the surface may be due to uplift along the shear in the MCT zone by kinetic flow basically, Munsiayari Thrust (MT) and VT in the of NW-Himalaya region. 相似文献
7.
为更加清晰和准确地利用磁梯度数据获得地质体的分布特征,笔者采用解析信号总水平导数法和梯度欧拉反褶积技术组合实现磁梯度数据的解释,解析信号总水平导数的极值可有效地圈定出矿体的分布范围,梯度欧拉反褶积法可有效地避免背景异常的干扰,从而准确地给出磁性体的位置和深度信息。理论模型证明解析信号水平导数法和梯度欧拉反褶积法的组合可准确地获得磁性体的水平范围和深度。应用于河北迁安地区磁梯度数据的解释,圈定出5个呈条带状分布的较大型铁矿藏,埋深在200~450 m。 相似文献
8.
G R J Cooper 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(1):72-76
Euler deconvolution is a semi-automatic interpretation method that is frequently used with magnetic and gravity data. For a given source type, which is specified by its structural index (SI), it provides an estimate of the source location. It is demonstrated here that by computing the solution space of individual data points and selecting common source locations the accuracy of the result can be improved. Furthermore, only a slight modification of the method is necessary to allow solutions for any number of different Sis to be obtained simultaneously. The method is applicable to both evenly and unevenly sampled geophysical data and is demonstrated on gravity and magnetic data. Source code (in Matlab format) is available from www.iamg.org. 相似文献
9.
O. A. Zaki S. H. AbdAlnabi S E. Abd El Wahab A. A. Ismail N. M. Soliman 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(14):310
This study presents analysis and interpretation of aeromagnetic data to construct subsurface structure maps and determine the depths to magnetic basement. Subsequent analysis steps are applied to the total magnetic intensity (TMI) data. These steps include Reduction to the Pole (RTP) map that was derived from the TMI map then subjected to spectral frequency analysis to isolate RTP map into high and low frequencies and determine pseudo-depth for each map from power spectrum in which there were two main average levels (interfaces) at depth 1.3 and 0.7 km for the deep-seated and near-surface magnetic structures, respectively. 3D Euler deconvolution technique is applied to calculate the depth to the magnetic contacts; the results show clustering of solutions, the shallow solutions are related to the outcrops less than 80 m from flight level, and the solutions which are related to sedimentary cover locations (Um al-Huweitat, Wasif, and Mohamed Rabah basins) are ranged between 200 and to more than 1100 m. Moreover, anomaly enhancement techniques such as tilt derivative (TD), horizontal tilt derivative (TDX), and source edge detect (SED) are applied to enhance shallow features, and determining structure element boundary for both shallow- and deep-seated anomalies and revealing possible faults such as 2D forward modeling are applied to selected profiles to adjust the interpreted structures and map the boundaries and basement relief of the three basins (Mohammed Rabah, Wasif, and Um al-Huweitat). The analysis shows that the study area is affected with network of dip–slip faults due to high shearing and compression stress which formed grabens and horsts at different depth levels in the study area. The trends of predominant faults related to deep-seated structures are NW–SE with depths ranged between 1 and 1.4 km and in regard to the shallow-seated structure, the predominant fault trends are NW–SE, NNW–SSE, and NNE–SSW with depths ranged between 0.3 and 0.8 km. 相似文献
10.
Sultan Awad Sultan Araffa Fernando A. Monteiro Santos Tarek Arafa-Hamed 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(8):3293-3305
Geophysical techniques such as gravity, magnetic and seismology are perfect tools for detecting subsurface structures of local, regional as well as of global scales. The study of the earthquake records can be used for differentiating the active and non-active fault elements. In the current study, more than 2,200 land magnetic stations have been measured using two proton magnetometers. The data are corrected for diurnal variations and then reduced by the International Geomagnetic Reference Field. The corrected data have been interpreted by different techniques after filtering the data to separate shallow sources (basaltic sheet) from the deep sources (basement complex). Both Euler deconvolution and 3-D magnetic modeling were carried out. The results of interpretation indicate that the depth to the upper surface of basaltic sheet ranges from <10 to 600 m, depth to the lower surface ranges from 60 to 750 m, while the thickness of the basaltic sheet varies from <10 to 450 m. Moreover, gravity measurements are conducted at 2,250 stations using a CG-3 gravimeter. The measured values are corrected to construct a Bouger anomaly map. The least squares technique is then applied for regional–residual separation. The third order of least squares is found to be the most suitable to separate the residual anomalies from the regional one. The resultant third-order residual gravity map is used to delineate the structural fault systems of different characteristic trends. The trends show an NW–SE trend parallel to that of Gulf of Suez, an NE–SW trend parallel to the Gulf of Aqaba and an E–W trend parallel to that of the Mediterranean Sea. Taking seismological records into consideration, it is found that most of the 24 earthquake events recorded in the study area are located on fault elements. This gives an indication that the delineated fault elements are active. 相似文献
11.
本文利用面积广、勘探深度大的重磁数据通过增强型局部相位边界识别方法和优化欧拉反褶积法获得东海陆架盆地的构造特征,为油气勘探提供基础资料。增强型局部相位边界识别法是重磁数据一阶和二阶水平导数的比值函数,能有效地均衡不同深度地质体的边界响应,从而同时显示不同深度构造的边界,提高对较深层构造的分辨率;优化欧拉反褶积法有效地降低了背景异常的干扰,从而可获得更加准确的构造反演结果。理论模型研究表明,增强型局部相位边界识别法可更加准确和清晰地划分边界信息,优化欧拉反褶积法可获得更加准确和收敛的反演结果。综合利用增强型局部相位边界识别和优化欧拉反褶积法对东海陆架断裂构造分布进行划分,获得了分析区域构造背景和评估油气潜力的基础资料。 相似文献
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14.
岩浆分离结晶作用过程微量元素反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍岩浆分离结晶作用中微量元素系统反演的基本原理和方法,反演计算中极小化问题的求解,反演所需要的优选模式参数估计方法,进行反演的计算机程序,利用模拟数据和实测数据检验了方法和程序的有效性. 相似文献
15.
K. Alamdar 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(12):597
This paper presents an inversion method for the interpretation of 2D magnetic anomaly data, in which uses the enhanced local wavenumber function to estimate the depth and the nature (structural index) of an isolated magnetic source. However, the method is sensitive to noise. In order to lower the effect of noise, I applied upward continuation technique to smooth the anomaly. Tests on synthetic noise-free and noise-corrupted magnetic data show that the method can successfully estimate the depth and the nature of the causative source. The practical application of the technique is applied to measured magnetic anomaly data from Shavaz Iron Ore, center of Iran, and the inversion results are in agreement with the inversion results from Euler deconvolution of the analytic signal and exploratory drilling. 相似文献
16.
Hydrocarbon maturation modeling of Paleocene to Lower Miocene source rocks in the Niger Delta Basin: implications for hydrocarbon generation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study evaluates the hydrocarbon generation potentials and time of generation for Paleocene to Lower Miocene source rock horizons from A-1, B-1, B-2, and C-1 wells in the Niger Delta Basin using 1D Petromod modeling software. Wells A-1, B-1 and B-2, and C-1 are located within the Central Swamp, the Coastal Swamp, and the Shallow Offshore depobelts, respectively. The thermal history was derived from the rifting–subsidence heat flow model. Maturity modeling were carried out by using Easy%Ro kinetic model and a heat flow history predicting present-day heat flow which were calibrated with measured temperature data. Results of the study suggest that these potential source rocks have attained maturity status to generate hydrocarbons, with vast differences existing in the timing of the onset of oil generation. Basin modeling suggests that Paleocene source rocks entered the oil generative window from the Oligocene to Miocene times with thermal maturity window that varies from gas generation to early-mature phase. The Eocene source rocks have also attained maturity from Miocene to Pliocene times, and their thermal maturity ranges from gas generation to early maturity stage. The Oligocene source rocks also began to generate oil during the Miocene and are currently within the early-mature to mid-mature stage. The thermal maturity window for the Lower Miocene source rocks ranges from immature to early-mature stage. The present modeling results reveals that higher levels of thermal maturity are attained in areas with high geothermal gradients and heat flow values while the cooler areas exhibits lower levels of maturation. The onset of the oil window lies at 2859 m at A-1 (Central Swamp), 3240 m at B-2 (Coastal Swamp), 4732 m at B-1 (Coastal Swamp), and 4344 m at C-1 (Shallow Offshore). The depth to the onset of oil window is found deeper in the Shallow Offshore and western parts of the study area than in the eastern and northwestern parts. The result of this study suggest that the Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, and Lower Miocene source rocks are the principal source rocks for oil and gas generation in the Niger Delta Basin. 相似文献
17.
中国南海北部潮汕坳陷NHC-1测线及邻区重磁场特征与地壳结构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用中国南海北部潮汕坳陷内首次获得的一条长250 km的重磁剖面数据,研究了潮汕坳陷地壳结构,定性分析了火山岩的分布及其属性。采用欧拉反褶积方法估算了重力场源的位置及其深度,划分出陆坡北缘及东沙两个断裂带。根据断裂带切割深度,认定这两个断裂带均为超壳断裂,且都有岩浆上涌。应用Parker-Oldenburg法反演计算了莫霍面深度。用滑动对数能谱分析和人机交互正反演方法计算出磁性基底深度。结果表明：潮汕坳陷莫霍面从西北方向测线起始点的25 km向东南方向抬升到终点的14 km,而磁性基底埋深从西北测线起始点的3.6 km向东南方向逐渐加深到测线终点的8.9 km。 相似文献
18.
The distribution of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea and adjacent areas is closely related to the structural pattern that helped to define the controlling effect of deep processes on oil-bearing basins.Igneous rocks can record important information from deep processes.Deep structures such as faults,basin uplift and depression,Cenozoic basement and magnetic basement are all the results of energy exchange within the earth.The study of the relationship between igneous rocks and deep structures is of great significance for the study of the South China Sea.By using the minimum curvature potential field separation technique and the correlation analysis technique of gravitational and magnetic anomalies,the fusion of gravitational and magnetic data reflecting igneous rocks can be obtained,through which the igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density can be identified.In this study area,igneous rocks do not develop in the Yinggehai basin,Qiongdongnan basin,Zengmu basin and Brunei-Sabah basin whilst igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density are widely-developed in other basins.In undeveloped igneous areas,faults are also undeveloped the Cenozoic thickness is greater,the magnetic basement depth is greater and the Cenozoic thickness is highly positively correlated with the magnetic basement depth.In igneously developed regions,the distribution pattern of the Qiongtai block is mainly controlled by primary faults,while the distribution of the Zhongxisha block,Xunta block and Yongshu-Taiping block is mainly controlled by secondary faults,the Cenozoic thickness having a low correlation with the depth of the magnetic basement. 相似文献
19.
频率波数域预测和减去法压制多次波 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
研究了压制与海面有关的地震勘探多次反射波的两种方法。两种方法均以波动方程为基础。当地震子波已知时，可在频率波数域中通过子波反褶积方法消除与海水表面有关的多次波；在未知子波的情况下，可依据消除后波场能量最小为准则，求出一滤波因子，用它去标定估计的多次波，然后从地震记录中减去预测的多次波，达到压制它们的目的。为了降低维数，x、y的二维空间坐标用柱坐标的径向距离代替，其波数通过汉克尔变换求得。 相似文献