共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 796 毫秒
1.
Daeil Seo 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(7):1323-1352
ABSTRACT Since the vision of a Digital Earth (DE) was introduced in 1998, geo-browsers seem to have nearly fulfilled this vision. Virtual reality (VR) for visualizing the DE provides an immersive user experience in a mirror world. Location-based augmented reality (AR) browsers have been introduced and provide content according to user and environmental contexts. However, the content models of traditional geo-browsers and AR browsers have very limited interoperability, because they are described in application-specific formats using their domain standards. Each application is vertically integrated from content to application. The Web is an interoperable and open platform, and hundreds of millions of users are already using it to create and share content. To envision DE browsers for cross-reality (XR) environments that concurrently support geovisualization as well as VR, AR, and mixed-reality environments, we propose a DE content model based on Web standards and architecture that provides full interoperability and openness for XR browsers as a first-class citizen of the Web. This is expected to improve the DE content development efficiency by fully using the Web content development environment. 相似文献
2.
Jan Hjelmager Harold Moellering Antony Cooper Tatiana Delgado Abbas Rajabifard Petr Rapant 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(11-12):1295-1309
The Commission on Spatial Data Standards of the International Cartographic Association is working to define formal models and technical characteristics of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). To date, this work has been restricted to the Enterprise and Information Viewpoints from the ISO Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing standard. The Commission has developed models for these two viewpoints. These models describe how the different parts of an SDI fit together in the viewpoints in question. These models should be seen as a contribution towards the overall model of the SDI and its technical characteristics. During the model development process, the roles of the different Actors in an SDI in the Enterprise and Information Viewpoints have also been identified in Use Case diagrams of an SDI. All the models have been developed using the Unified Modeling Language. 相似文献
3.
Larianne Collins 《The Journal of geography》2018,117(4):137-152
This study investigates whether spatial learning outcomes differ with respect to different instructional media. Spatial thinking skills were tested pre- and postlesson implementation via the spatial thinking ability test as eighth grade students participated in either paper-based or digital map-based instruction. Students' attitudes toward geography, past travel experience, and demographic variables such as gender, were also examined to search for differences in spatial thinking skill development. Results of the study reveal that both paper and digital media aid in developing and improving spatial thinking skill acquisition among students. 相似文献
4.
Maria Teresa Carone Loris Melchiorri Francesco Romagnoli Fausto Marincioni 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):604-615
The increase of extreme meteorological phenomena, along with continuous population growth, has led to a rising number of flooding disasters. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop better risk reduction strategies, among which is increased social resilience. Experiencing a disaster is recognized as a factor that positively influences overall community resilience, with particular effects on social resilience; it appears to be more influential than school education. It also has many negative effects, though. Previous studies underline that citizens do not distinguish between different types of experiences. Thus, we investigated whether a simulated experience of a flood can improve social resilience, without being hampered by negative repercussions. The study was executed in five municipalities in three Italian regions involved in the European project LIFE PRIMES, which planned simulation activities for each studied area. Data, collected through the administration of anonymous questionnaires before and after a flood drill, were processed by applying a multicriteria decision analysis tool (PROMETHEE). Results show that the drill significantly augmented perceived social resilience in the smaller studied communities but not in the larger ones, a fact that should be further investigated. Key Words: multicriteria decision analysis, simulated flood experience, social resilience to disasters. 相似文献
5.
"数字广州"空间数据基础设施建设策略研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李俊夫 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(1):40-42
该文探讨了空间数据基础设施（SDI）在“数字城市”建设中的地位和作用,在此基础上,结合“数字广州”的要求和发展现状,指出了目前广州市空间数据基础设施建设存在的不足,并从政府管理的角度提出了加强空间数据基础设施建设的若干策略,涵盖了机构设置,数据政策,数据生产管理模式,人才培养和市场化等方面。 相似文献
6.
Ali Mansourian 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(12):2001-2023
Spatial data infrastructure (SDI) is a complex system for which huge investments are being made worldwide. These large-scale investments in the development of SDIs incontrovertibly require reliable design and planning that guarantee a successful outcome. One approach to deal with such an expectation is to model the development process of the SDI system over time. If the model can be translated into the computer-based environment to be used as a virtual world, then the real situation can also be simulated. Such a simulation will enable the SDI coordinators/managers to gain knowledge about the behavior of the system under different decisions and situations and eventually help them to better develop the SDI through the informed decision making. However, a limited number of tools and techniques are currently available in the SDI modeling history in terms of the modeling and simulation of such a complex system. The system dynamics technique based on systems theory is a method for modeling and managing the feedback systems that are complex, dynamic and nonlinear over time. This article addresses the applicability of the system dynamics technique for modeling and simulating the development process of SDIs. It is argued that the system dynamics technique is capable of modeling the interactions among the factors affecting the SDI, the feedback loops and the delays. It is also highlighted that an SDI model based on the system dynamics technique enables the SDI coordinators/managers to simulate the effect of different factors or decisions on various aspects of SDI and evaluate alternative decisions and/or policies prior to making any commitment. 相似文献
7.
M. Beth Schlemper Brinda Athreya Kevin Czajkowski Victoria C. Stewart Sujata Shetty 《The Journal of geography》2019,118(1):21-34
Our project introduced students in grades 7 through 12 to spatial thinking and geospatial technologies in the context of challenges in their community. We used a mix of levels of inquiry to advance learning from teacher- to student-guided through a citizen mapping group activity. Student-suggested problem-based topics included parks and community gardens, crime, housing, and youth employment opportunities. Qualitative methods were used to evaluate students’ knowledge of spatial thinking and geospatial technologies, including map interpretation, a case study, daily exit slips, and interviews. Overall, the students’ awareness of their community, spatial thinking, and geospatial technologies increased as a result of participation. 相似文献
8.
This paper presents a typology of local‐government data sharing arrangements in the US at a time when spatial data infrastructures (SDI) are moving into a second generation. In the first generation, the US National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) theoretically involved a pyramid of data integration resting on local‐government data sharing. Availability of local‐government data is the foundation for all SDI‐related data sharing in this model. However, first‐generation SDI data‐sharing activities and principles have gained only a tenuous hold in local governments. Some formalized data sharing occurs, but only infrequently in response to SDI programmes and policies. Previous research suggests that local‐government data sharing aligns with immediate organizational and practical concerns rather than state or national policies and programmes. We present research findings echoing extending these findings to show that local‐government data sharing is largely informal in nature and is undertaken to support existing governmental activities. NSDI principles remain simply irrelevant for the majority of surveyed local governments. The typology we present distinguishes four distinct types of local‐government data sharing arrangements that reflect institutional, political, and economic factors. The effectiveness of second generation, client‐service‐based SDI will be seriously constrained if the problems of local government take‐up fail to be addressed. 相似文献
9.
《The Professional geographer》2012,64(1):88-95
This article attempts a double reflection: a methodological interrogation of myself and an autointerrogation of my methodology. Following Ernst Bloch, I structure this reflection around the idea of traces, which are brief, narrative, aphoristic speculations on a particular theme. In this article, I (re)produce my own narrative traces, engaging with and representing several moments of strangeness in my methodological praxis as they are recorded in field notes from prior fieldwork with urban secession movements in black and white communities of Atlanta. Building from Bloch’s hermeneutic, I treat these moments as traces to be pursued, rather than simple social artifacts of the relational, intersubjective activity of research. Finally, I demonstrate how a geographer might develop that which crystallizes in the interpretation of the trace (i.e., through the intentional reconsideration of the uncanny and recurrent moments of everyday experience) toward the methodological worlding of philosophy as a vibrant, reflexive, human praxis. Key Words: Bloch, interpretation, method, postqualitative analysis, praxis. 相似文献
10.
《Geography and Natural Resources》2008,29(1):18-27
Designing and implementation of the retrieval tools for shared spatial data as part of National Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) is among the top priorities of the preparatory stage of the long-term program envisaging the creation of the Russian SDI according to the concept of its creation and further development. This analytical overview of international experience defines the place and role of information resources accumulated in the Russian Academy of Sciences’ institutions during the last 15-year period of active development of geoinformation technologies in the context of spatial data acquisition and processing for geoscience applications. Based on some specific examples, it is shown that it is the Academy's science, even with its dramatic progression during this period, is the most prepared for the embodiment of the idea of integrating information and data using the SDI tools, and of ensuring broad, equitable and free access to them. 相似文献
11.
Toru Ishikawa 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):636-646
This study examined the relationships between geospatial thinking and spatial ability, focusing on knowledge and reasoning about fundamental concepts in geospatial science. Scores on a geospatial thinking test had low correlations with each other, compared to high correlations among scores on spatial ability tests, and the degrees of relationship between geospatial thinking and spatial ability depended on the type of geospatial thinking. Expert geospatial scientists did not outperform students on spatial ability tests, suggesting that expertise in geospatial science might not simply be explained by superiority in spatial ability. The results point to the necessity of targeted instruction for geospatial learning. 相似文献
12.
A. Rajabifard A. Binns I. Masser I. Williamson 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(7):727-741
A Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) facilitates and coordinates the exchange and sharing of spatial data between stakeholders in the spatial data community. With this objective in mind, countries throughout the world are developing SDIs to manage and utilize their spatial data assets more effectively. These countries are developing SDIs to assist in various kinds of decision‐making at different levels of government jurisdictions that have an important impact within their national boundaries. However, current research shows that SDI is understood and described differently by stakeholders from different disciplines and different jurisdictional levels. Therefore, in many cases, SDI initiatives remain very much an innovation, even among practitioners. There are still uncertainties regarding the benefits and identities of SDIs, particularly in connection with how they evolve over time to meet user needs. This paper reviews and assesses the development of SDIs throughout the world over the past 15 years and the leadership role of national governments in SDI creation. This assessment is based on the SDI activities of various jurisdictions including Asia‐Pacific, Australia, North America, and Europe, and research into the worldwide effects of spatial information clearing houses. This assessment includes a discussion on emerging trends in SDI development, with particular reference to the increasingly important role played by sub‐national governments and the private sector within the framework of SDI development. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for future SDI development, including the delivery of a virtual world that has a particular focus on facilitating decision‐making at a community level within a national context. 相似文献
13.
Jade Georis-Creuseveau Christophe Claramunt Françoise Gourmelon 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(1):122-138
The continuous development of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) provides a favourable context for environmental management and planning. However, it appears that the actual contribution of SDIs should also depend on the correlation between users’ expectations and the services delivered to them. Several studies have addressed some organizational, methodological and technological aspects of the development of SDIs. However, only a few studies have, to the best of our knowledge, studied SDI use at large. This article introduces a methodological approach oriented towards the study of the relationship between SDIs and the users interacting with them as part of their professional practices. Our study is applied to coastal zone management and planning in France. This approach combines structural and data flow modelling. The former is based on Social Network Analysis (SNA) and the latter on Data Flow Diagrams (DFD). This modelling approach has been applied to an online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The results identify the SDIs, geographical data flows and institutional levels implied in French coastal zone management and planning. 相似文献
14.
Since the National Research Council (2006) report Learning to Think Spatially formalized geospatial thinking, researchers and educators have recognized the importance of investigating and understanding geospatial thinking. Conceptual frameworks have been developed and applied to individual research projects. Although useful in these contexts and potentially extendable to other related inquiries, they also overlap and conflict with one another. Moreover, the separate frameworks are built on different constructs, resulting in a disparate rather than a cohesive theoretical foundation for geospatial thinking. This article synthesizes existing frameworks and generates a model that represents conceptual advances and provides a foundation for research question generation. 相似文献
15.
16.
Carlos Carbonell Carrera Bogdan Vlad Avarvarei Elena Liliana Chelariu Lucia Draghia Simona Catrinel Avarvarei 《The Journal of geography》2017,116(5):197-205
Landforms often are represented on maps using abstract cartographic techniques that the reader must interpret for successful three-dimensional terrain visualization. New technologies in 3D landscape representation, both digital and tangible, offer the opportunity to visualize terrain in new ways. The results of a university student workshop, in which traditional 2D versus 3D digital and tangible models were tested, suggest that map-reading skill development is greater when using the 3D technologies. 相似文献
17.
Many studies have attempted to model the sophisticated influence of traffic emissions on air pollution, but most models only calculate the contribution of traffic emissions near monitoring sites. It is difficult to observe the near-surface dynamics such as wind, rain, and human activities and precisely distinguish traffic emissions. These obstacles make model simulation very expensive in practice. The regional distribution patterns that can help adjust policies and actions taken remain unknown. Therefore, this article proposes a grid-oriented geostatistics-based approach to overcome these obstacles. We chose central Beijing as the study area. An experiment implemented the approach on data collected from Global Positioning System navigation software, car rental companies, and meteorology stations. The results suggest that the northwest area of Beijing has high traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and the southeast area has low TRAP. Unlike modeling-based methods, this work uses geostatistical methods to directly study the spatiotemporal connections between traffic and PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5?μm) from the phenomenon. The calculation is conducted under no hypotheses and has little risk of producing results contradictory to facts. This work provides a reference for future TRAP research on directly learning from the phenomenon and assists decision makers with seamless spatiotemporal heat maps of TRAP distribution. Key Words: Beijing, geospatial statistics, PM2.5, spatial correlation, traffic-related air pollution. 相似文献
18.
Mobile internet and wireless communication technologies have produced unprecedented location-aware data. Such big geospatial data can be used as a proxy measure of the ‘digital footprints' left by us on the planet and provide a valuable opportunity to understand the dynamic and short-term human disturbance on the nature at fine scales. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of human's digital footprints on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using smartphone-users-generated Tencent's location request data. The results showed that human's digital footprints cover less than 5% of Qinghai and Tibet, exhibiting either a U-shaped or an N-shaped temporal change pattern during the major festivals. Spatial changes of the digital footprints manifested a transition process from dispersion to concentration in Xining and Lhasa. Human disturbance assessment of seven large nature reserves on the plateau showed that the Qinghai Lake is the most disturbed one as shown by 14.6% of its area is stained with human digital footprints and the areal average of footprint intensity is 1.59, and the disturbance was significantly escalated during the National Day holiday. By contrast, the Qangtang and Hoh Xil are the least affected nature reserves with the two indices less than 1% and 0.1, respectively. 相似文献
19.
低成本流域空间数据库建库研究——以滇池流域为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李泠潞 《云南地理环境研究》2011,23(3):107-110
空间数据库在流域空间信息系统中占有十分重要的地位,是进行信息化流域管理的数据基础。以滇池流域为例,利用地理信息系统技术和计算机技术,采用一些公开免费的数据资源和软件平台,经过资料搜集、数据库建模、数据处理和数据录入,在很短时间内,迅速完成了滇池流域空间数据库的建立。该空间数据库具有成本低、实现快、更新简单等优点,能实现滇池流域地理空间数据的快速查询和结果展示、渲染,可满足市级环境管理工作的日常需求。 相似文献
20.
地理空间数据本质特征语义相关度计算模型 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
关联数据是跨网域整合多源异构地理空间数据的有效方式,语义丰富的关联是准确、快速发现目标数据的关键。根据地理空间数据在空间、时间、内容上的语义关系,提出地理空间数据本质特征语义相关度计算模型。通过构建本质特征的关联指标体系,分层次逐级计算地理空间数据的语义相关度。与传统的语义相关度计算方式不同,以地理元数据为语料库,充分考虑地理空间数据的特点及空间、时间、内容在检索中不同的重要程度,分别采用几何运算、数值运算、词语语义相似度计算和类别层次相关度计算的方式,构建地理空间数据的语义相关度计算模型。该模型具有构建简单、适用于多源异构数据、充分结合了数学运算和专家经验知识等特点。实验表明：模型能够有效地计算地理空间数据本质特征的语义相关度,并具备一定的扩展性。 相似文献