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1.
The Boao coastal system along the eastern coast of Hainan Island is a dynamic delta-tidal inlet-barrier formed during the late Holocene. The delta developed inside a shallow lagoon barred by a sandy barrier with a narrow, shallow tidal inlet opening. Two major distributary channels separated by small islands characterize the delta. The lagoon is silting up receiving and trapping sediments from both the river and, in minor measure during storms, through the tidal inlet opening and barrier washovers. The barrier at the tidal inlet is highly dynamic and changes its form, accreting (migrating spit) against the inlet during fair-weather conditions and being eroded during storms and river floods.The delta has almost completely filled the lagoon and major concerns exist on the effect that ongoing large development plans may have on the environment. These concerns include the effect on floods and rate of siltation once banks of the islands have been stabilized and floodwater and sediment load are impeded from spreading over the lowlands, and the effect of increasing pollutant loads from the new facilities on the ecosystems of the increasingly restricting lagoon water and on the seashores. 相似文献
2.
Geomorphology of the Boao coastal system and potential effects of human activities -Hainan Island, South China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ZHUDakui YINYong PeterMARTINI 《地理学报(英文版)》2005,15(2):187-198
1 IntroductionThe objectives of this paper are to analyze the principal characteristics of the W anquan Riverdelta that has developed in a narrow , shallow lagoon, and to determ ine the effect that theever-increasing hum an activities of the area m ay hav… 相似文献
3.
The extraction of paleohydrological and paleoclimatological information from a modern hydrological system, shown to represent unique and extreme hydroclimatological conditions, is illustrated by an example from the Mojave River drainage basin in southern California. The Mojave River allows only the most extreme floods to reach its terminal basin in the Silver Lake playa and to form ephemeral lakes. All the other floods are lost by transmission into the alluvial aquifer along its 200 km channel. This filtering out of regular floods by the river provides an essential tool in establishing a physical link between atmospheric and hydrologic conditions. We demonstrate such a link between anomalous, present-day atmospheric circulation patterns over the North Pacific Ocean, extreme storms in southern California that produced the heaviest precipitation on record, the largest floods of record in the Mojave River watershed, and ephemeral lakes in its terminal playa. This physical link determines the possible cause of the formations of perennial, short-duration, shallow lakes in Silver Lake playa during the late Holocene and characterizes the hydroclimatic conditions that prevailed during these lacustrine episodes. Hydrological simulations of this river and its filtering character demonstrate that these lakes could have formed only if the most extreme modern storms and floods were more frequent in at least an order of magnitude during specific time episodes. We conclude that such extreme hydroclimatic conditions occurred more frequent in past episodes during which the Holocene lakes formed. In turn, this conclusion indicates that the cause of these storms and floods, i.e. the anomalous atmospheric circulation pattern, must have been more frequent. This research outlines a way to extract information on Holocene climates in hydrologic settings that demonstrate a unique cause and effect relationship. 相似文献
4.
钦州湾水下动力地貌特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
钦州湾水下动力地貌主要有潮间浅滩、河口沙坝、潮沟、潮流沙脊、潮流冲刷深槽、水下拦门浅滩、水下斜坡。该文阐述钦州湾的入海河流、潮汐、潮流、波浪等水动力的基本特征 ,分析水下地貌类型的形成及其空间分布和沉积物组成 ,并探讨动力地貌形成原因与机理及海岸动态变化趋势。 相似文献
5.
渤海湾淤泥质海岸潮汐汊道的发育过程 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文以黄河三角洲沿岸为例，论述淤泥质海岸上潮汐汊道的发育过程。研究表明，淤泥质海岸潮汐汊道与废弃河口深化化有密切关系。它的外侧海岸是在高海面时形成并被现代动力过程所切割的贝壳砂堤或砂堤。 相似文献
6.
Tidal asymmetry is a key factor in the geomorphology of many coastal lagoons. Whilst tidal asymmetry in semi-diurnal tidal regimes has been extensively studied, its occurrence in mixed tidal regimes is less well understood, and has a number of unique causes and characteristics. Tidal phase duration analysis and least squares harmonic analysis have been used to study the temporal and spatial nature of asymmetry in both offshore and coastal lagoon tides at the Murray Mouth in south-eastern Australia. GIS analysis of bathymetric survey data has been used to study the roles of lagoon bathymetry on tidal distortion.Tidal asymmetry in the Murray Mouth coastal lagoon results from frequency relationships between major astronomical driving tides as well as bathymetry-induced tidal transformations. The frequency difference between the K1 and S2 tides produces an important 6-monthly ebb/flood-dominant asymmetry cycle in the incoming oceanic tides, whilst phase relationships between the K1 and K2 tides contribute to persistent asymmetry. The use of standard relationships between the M2 and M4 tides as asymmetry indicators is shown to be invalid for this mixed tidal regime. In this shallow, microtidal system, the impacts of bathymetry on tidal asymmetry within the lagoon are profound, with inlet and channel configurations identified as the most important controlling factors.The results of this study may inform the strategic management of tidal inlets in mixed tidal regimes, such as the Murray Mouth, that are subject to intermittent or long-term constriction. 相似文献
7.
Ivor Ll. van Heerden 《地理学报》1999,(2):165-176
１Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｓｅｔｉｎｇ１．１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｌｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｎｄｅｓｔｕａｒｉｅｓｏｆＬｏｕｉｓｉａｎａａｒｅｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ＇ｓｇｒｅａｔｅｃｏｓｙｓ－ｔｅｍｓ［１］．Ｆｏｒｍｉｌｅｎｎｉａ... 相似文献
8.
The sand dredging and its impacts on riverbed evolution and tidal dynamic change in the lower reaches and delta of the Dongjiang River are examined in this paper. The large amount of sand, totally 3.32 billion m3 from 1980 to 2002, was mined from the riverbeds of the lower reaches and delta of the Dongjiang River. Increasing of the channel capacity, lowering of the average riverbed elevation, deepening of the water depth and decreasing of the longi-tudinal riverbed gradient are the main effects on the riverbed evolution brought by the large amount of sand dredging. Under the strong sand dredging and associated significant riverbed deformation, the notable changes of the tidal dynamic in the lower reaches and delta of the Dongjiang River occurred, including: (1) in the upper reaches of the Dongjiang River delta and lower reaches of the Dongjiang River, tidal level dropped apparently, tidal range widened, flood tidal duration became longer, amplitudes for major tidal components became bigger and tidal dynamics intensified; (2) tidal wave spread faster; and (3) the limits of the tidal level, tidal current and salt water moved upstream. 相似文献
9.
海南岛潮汐汊道的现代沉积特征研究* 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海南岛存在着大量港湾溺谷型和砂坝泻湖型潮汐汊道。本文以两类潮汐汊道的典型──三亚砂坝泻湖型潮汐汊道和洋浦港湾溺谷型潮汐汊道为例,分析了两类潮汐汊道的成因和地貌发育体系;研究了两类潮汐汊道的现代沉积特征(粒度、重矿、地球化学、有孔虫);对比了两类潮汐汊道的发育模式和沉积模式;探讨了两类潮汐汊道的稳定性。 相似文献
10.
The north coast of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) provides a typical example of coastal sabkha (supratidal flat) formation. Various stages of sabkha development can be recognized along this coast. This paper combines previous studies of sabkha environment with the results of field investigation of sabkha geomorphology, sedimentology, and stratigraphy on the north coast of UAE, to formulate a model of sabkha evolution.The model has six stages in the evolution of coastal sabkhas following the early Holocene sea-level rise. These are: Stage 1: sea-level rise results in the formation of an embayment. Stage 2: involves subsequent spit development and progradation across the bay as a result of sediment availability. Stage 3: coincident with spit evolution is the development of a khor (tidal inlet) with or without mangrove. Channel depth of Khors varies from 4 to 6 m. Stage 4: sediment accumulates in the khor reducing the khor depth, turning it into a lagoon. There are three sub-stages of the lagoon stage. (a) With lagoon depths of 1–2 m, (b) with lagoon depths 0.5 m or less, (c) when the lagoon floor is exposed at low tide. Stage 5: is sabkha formation; development occurs in two sub-stages. In the first the sabkha is immature and flooded during rain storms and spring tides (0.1 m above present sea-level). Later the sabkha is only flooded after rainstorms, when it reaches an elevation of about 1 m or more above present sea-level. Stage 6: in sabkha development is the coastal plain, which results when large sabkhas are linked together. 相似文献
11.
Michael Craghan 《Geomorphology》2005,69(1-4):57-75
The study area is a portion of a coastal community that is adjacent to a salt marsh and tidal creek. The developed area was built upon wetlands, and like the marsh, it floods during spring tides and strong coastal storms. Following floods, little visual evidence of sedimentation is in the built area, prompting the hypothesis that physical characteristics of coastal development limit sediment availability during floods and reduce deposition. Because the area floods from a tidal creek during the same events that lead to inundation of the adjacent high marsh, salt marshes are used as an analogue system for planning this research. Although salt marsh geomorphology is a starting point, people are endogenous actors at this site who influence geomorphic evolution by changing the flow of naturally occurring energy. Suspended sediment levels or deposition were measured during 10 flooding events. Water samples were collected from the tidal creek, at a catchbasin, at another location in the street, and in the Spartina patens marsh. Sediment is found to be delivered to the street in the same quantities and for the same duration as in the salt marsh. Suspended sediment levels are alike throughout the research area. The amount of sediment that accumulates following coastal floods was measured by placing samplers within the street and the marsh. Highly significant differences in sediment accumulation exist between the environments. After a flood event, much less sediment is deposited in the street than in the marsh. 相似文献
12.
通过提取1975年与2010年左右南海海岸带建设用地信息,并对南海海岸带区域进行地貌分区,分析了不同类型海岸带35年建设用地扩张空间格局.结果表明:① 华南大陆和马来半岛建设用地扩张普遍快,中南半岛扩张程度中等,苏门答腊岛,加里曼丹岛和菲律宾群岛除马尼拉湾外普遍扩张程度慢.② 不同海岸地貌因自然资源条件,开发难易程度,腹地大小不同,其建设用地扩张程度差异显著.三角洲平原岸和河口平原岸因水运条件好,腹地广,建设用地扩张普遍显著,台地岸和沙坝--潟湖平原岸因适宜建中小型港口,扩张较为显著,海湾平原岸与山地岸则因平原面积小,开发潜力有限,建设用地扩张普遍不大,平直沙堤平原岸因腹地小,水运不发达而扩张甚微.③ 不同类型海岸带开发模式各异.三角洲平原岸和河口平原岸建设用地空间形态多样化,山地岸,台地岸,海湾平原岸以团块状或条带状为主,沙坝--潟湖平原岸以团块状与星状为主,平直沙堤平原岸多呈条带状,线状或点状分布. 相似文献
13.
江苏海岸侵蚀过程及其趋势 总被引：51，自引：2，他引：51
江苏省侵蚀海岸的总长度为 30 1 7km ,分为 4段 :废黄河三角洲海岸、港海岸、吕四海岸以及海州湾的沙质海岸。各段海岸侵蚀原因不同。废黄河三角洲海岸是因黄河改道失去泥沙来源 ;吕四与港海岸则因辐射沙洲调整过程中滨岸水道的向岸移动造成的 ;而北部沙岸则是因人类活动 (上游建设水库及开挖海滩沙 )的干扰。江苏海岸是一个沉积物准封闭系统 ,全球性海平面上升将加剧这一侵蚀过程 ,预计未来侵蚀海岸的长度将增加 ,辐射沙洲区的外围沙洲将因侵蚀而向中心区退缩。一些目前是隐型侵蚀的岸段将向显性侵蚀的阶段发展。由于连云港到长江口北支的岸段是软性海岸 ,缺乏硬质节点 ,在没有建造大型人工设施的前提下 ,估计江苏海岸动态及制定开发规划时必须考虑平直化的大趋势。 相似文献
14.
The sand dredging and its impacts on riverbed evolution and tidal dynamic change in the lower reaches and delta of the Dongjiang River are examined in this paper. The large amount of sand, totally 3.32 billion m^3 from 1980 to 2002, was mined from the riverbeds of the lower reaches and delta of the Dongjiang River. Increasing of the channel capacity, lowering of the average riverbed elevation, deepening of the water depth and decreasing of the longitudinal riverbed gradient are the main effects on the riverbed evolution brought by the large amount of sand dredging. Under the strong sand dredging and associated significant riverbed deformation, the notable changes of the tidal dynamic in the lower reaches and delta of the Dongjiang River occurred, including： （1）in the upper reaches of the Dongjiang River delta and lower reaches of the Dongjiang River, tidal level dropped apparently, tidal range widened, flood tidal duration became longer, amplitudes for major tidal components became bigger and tidal dynamics intensified; （2） tidal wave spread faster; and （3） the limits of the tidal level, tidal current and salt water moved upstream. 相似文献
15.
珠江河口磨刀门的整治与地貌演变 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从排洪通道、航运通道、排水通道的形成以及浅滩围垦等方面阐述磨刀门10 a综合整治的效 果.口门延伸、平原扩展及地貌类型、沉积构造及冲淤变化反映了近20多年来磨刀门从浅海 湾演变为三角洲的过程.“磨刀门外水下三角洲”未来的发展趋势受沉积基础、水动力条件 、泥沙运动和沉积作用的影响.由于水动力从径流优势型转变为径流-潮流优势型,沿岸流 、风暴潮、波浪的作用增强,使得口外海域的滩槽向西南方向延伸.未来“磨刀门外水下三角洲”治导线的布设应为南偏西,并保持大喇叭口态势. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Arid Environments》2006,64(4):740-755
The north coast of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) provides a typical example of coastal sabkha (supratidal flat) formation. Various stages of sabkha development can be recognized along this coast. This paper combines previous studies of sabkha environment with the results of field investigation of sabkha geomorphology, sedimentology, and stratigraphy on the north coast of UAE, to formulate a model of sabkha evolution.The model has six stages in the evolution of coastal sabkhas following the early Holocene sea-level rise. These are: Stage 1: sea-level rise results in the formation of an embayment. Stage 2: involves subsequent spit development and progradation across the bay as a result of sediment availability. Stage 3: coincident with spit evolution is the development of a khor (tidal inlet) with or without mangrove. Channel depth of Khors varies from 4 to 6 m. Stage 4: sediment accumulates in the khor reducing the khor depth, turning it into a lagoon. There are three sub-stages of the lagoon stage. (a) With lagoon depths of 1–2 m, (b) with lagoon depths 0.5 m or less, (c) when the lagoon floor is exposed at low tide. Stage 5: is sabkha formation; development occurs in two sub-stages. In the first the sabkha is immature and flooded during rain storms and spring tides (0.1 m above present sea-level). Later the sabkha is only flooded after rainstorms, when it reaches an elevation of about 1 m or more above present sea-level. Stage 6: in sabkha development is the coastal plain, which results when large sabkhas are linked together. 相似文献
17.
Ara Cho Daekyo Cheong Jin Cheul Kim Dong-Yoon Yang Jin-Young Lee Kaoru Kashima Kota Katsuki 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2018,60(4):553-570
Hwajinpo is the largest lagoon in Korea and is located along the east coast of the country. It possesses Holocene sediments that provide an important record of past climate change. We studied the evolution of Hwajinpo Lagoon using grain size data and diatom assemblages in an 11.0-m core (HJ02), which was obtained at the mouth of a small river that drains into the lagoon. Core chronology was established with accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dates and optically stimulated luminescence dates. Diatom assemblages and grain size analysis revealed that estuarine conditions in the inner lagoon area transitioned to an open embayment ca. 8 ka as a result of sea-level rise. Around 7.8 ka, the open bay became a semi-closed bay as a consequence of development of a sand barrier. After the bay was semi-closed, marine water inflow was increasingly restricted as the sand barrier developed, and the semi-closed bay became a completely enclosed, low-salinity, brackish lagoon around 6 ka. There was an erosional hiatus between 5.5 and 1.7 ka (7.0 m depth), likely caused by river flooding and a switch in the location of drainage along the delta. The lagoon became oligohaline around 1.6 ka, likely because of increasing precipitation associated with an intensified Asian summer monsoon. This increase in precipitation resulted in expansion of the sand bar by sediment inflow, driven by agricultural development in the area. About 1000 years ago, the diatom assemblage was similar to the modern assemblage, suggesting the lagoon’s current geomorphic conditions had been established. 相似文献
18.
开展非均质条件下潮汐湿地中地下水流动特征研究,成为深入揭示潮汐湿地水循环及物质循环过程的重要前提。以广州南沙区的河畔潮汐湿地为对象,基于放射性氡同位素示踪技术考察含水层非均质情况下地下水的流动特征。结果表明：1）研究区介质干容重、介质孔隙度和介质氡释放（
19.
辽河三角洲地貌演化(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper mainly analyzes the geomorphological changes of the tidal deposition in the Liaohe Estuary based on the multi-year
bathymetric charts in 1990, 1996, 2002 and 2005 and Landsat TM images in 1987, 1994, 2002 and 2005. Evolution of the tidal
depositional system during the past 20 years in the Liaohe River was studied on the basis of 50 boreholes drilling and 30
km shallow stratigraphic exploration from 2002 to 2005. The main tidal depositional body of the modern Liaohe River delta
is located in the Shuangtaizihe Estuary. The stratum within the depth of 10 m includes tidal bank facies, tidal channel facies
and neritic facies with paleo-delta facies underlying them. The sediments of tidal bank facies are mainly composed of sand
and silt with siltation load and suspended load of about 50% respectively in proportion. The sediment of tidal channel facies
and neritic facies is composed of clayey silt and silty clay which belongs to suspended load. The study area was a small bay
between the old Daliaohe River, the old Dalinghe River and the Raoyanghe River complex delta since the Holocene to 1896. Many
tidal banks formed and expanded rapidly after the Shuangtaizihe River was excavated by labor in 1896. The runoff and sediment
discharge have decreased since the construction of brake at the Shuangtaizihe River in 1958.The Shuangtaizihe Estuary is in
the state of deposition as a whole whose tidal bank is increasing and expanding southward, westward and northward. The maximum
expansion speed is 87 to 683 m/a and the mean depositional rate is 0.189 m/a. Erosion occurred in some part of tidal bank
with average erosional rate of 0.122 m/a. The tidal channel was filled up with sediment at a migration speed of 48–200 m/a.
Geomorphologic changes have happened under the combined influences of runoff, ocean dynamics and human activities. The main
source of sediment changes from river sediment to sediment driven by tidal current and longshore current. 相似文献
20.
珠江三角洲生物埋葬群与环境变迁 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文将珠江三角洲第四纪环境与现代环境的生物埋葬群进行对照，重建晚更新世中期和全新世中期的古沉积环境，划分出两期的海侵区、海侵波及区、海侵影响区。并对中更新世海侵期表示存疑。 相似文献