共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 593 毫秒
1.
《Urban geography》2012,33(10):1422-1442
ABSTRACTThis article argues that contested cities are inherently characterized by uncertainty and uses the interconnections between conflict, uncertainty and urban planning as a new analytical framework for investigating conflict cities. In the contested city of Jerusalem, geopolitical uncertainty stems from the Israeli occupation over East Jerusalem. Focusing on recent urban regeneration plans for West Jerusalem’s city center, the article explores how the municipality locates, plans and imagines the city center when the city’s external and internal boundaries are contested and unfixed. A two-tier analysis is employed. First, a historical analysis shows that the “city center”, as defined by authorities, is an unfixed locale that shifts in concurrence with shifts in the city’s boundaries. Then, a geopolitical analysis shows that by shifting the city center’s boundaries, the Israeli authorities decouple the city’s economic development (in the west) from Israel’s continuing ethno-national policies (in the east). 相似文献
2.
3.
中国城市地价水平及变化影响因素分析 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
城市地价的影响因素众多且复杂,地价水平和地价变化趋势受到社会、经济、政策等多方面因素的共同影响。论文从城市土地供需和宏观政策角度选取房地产投资额、市辖区建设用地面积、耕地占用税等10 项影响因素,采用2008-2010 年全国105 个土地市场较发育城市分季度地价数据,建立地价水平值与地价增长率影响因素的多层线性模型,定量分析了不同行政层次下,各影响因素对城市土地价格和地价增长率的影响程度。研究结论显示,地价水平值与地价增长率的影响因素不尽相同,且主导因素差异显著：在市级地价影响因素中,房地产投资增长是地价上升的直接动力,而地价增长率则主要受城市建设用地面积、房地产投资额的影响较;省级耕地保护政策对平抑地价、控制地价涨速作用显著,其中新增建设用地土地有偿使用费和耕地占用税是省级层次影响最显著的两项政策指标。 相似文献
4.
西部大开发政策实施以来影响西部可持续发展的主要冲突分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作为中国的生态屏障,西部地区由于其严重的生态退化、频发的自然灾害,以及与东部地区的产业和经济发展的密切关系,而倍受广泛的关注。为了促进西部地区的生态恢复和经济可持续发展,中央政府实施了西部大开发政策,为该地区注入大量经济援助和许多项目资助。许多研究论文强调了西部生态恢复对中国生态安全和可持续发展的积极作用,但少有研究论文关注影响西部地区可持续发展的多方面冲突分析。本文分析了在目标和利益驱动下的主要冲突类型,这些冲突相互作用而且极易被忽视。为了西部地区的可持续发展,作者建议多方位的冲突管理必须实施。 相似文献
5.
西方生产性服务业的地理学研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
1980年以来,生产性服务业成为西方服务业研究的核心内容,地理学研究凭借其对于空间 属性的关注成为重要的研究分支之一.从生产性服务业的增长动力、在城市和区域发展 中的作用、生产性服务业的空间分布、生产性服务业企业的空间行为、全球城市框架下的生 产性服务业几方面,对西方生产性服务业地理学研究进展进行梳理,归纳西方生产性服务业 地理学研究的主要特点,提出新的发展背景下我国生产性服务业地理学研究的拓展方向. 相似文献
6.
随着经济全球化和西方新自由主义政策推行,封闭社区以其空间私有化、社会分异与隔离的特征成为一种特殊的全球现象。封闭社区对城市社会、政策和经济发展等方面具有重大影响。本文在对国内外研究成果总结的基础上,探讨封闭社区的性质、类型和形成的影响因素,并重点讨论封闭社区对城市空间发展与演变的影响。封闭社区具有物理空间封闭性、社会空间隔离性和文化空间契约性,是经济全球化与新自由主义政策、制度环境与历史文化变迁和多元主体共同作用的产物。在空间效应上,封闭社区影响着城市物质空间、社会空间和文化空间的塑造和演变,进而深刻影响城市空间演化与城市发展。最后,从城市政府和城市规划的角度讨论封闭社区的治理建议。 相似文献
7.
北京耕地流失的时空动态与调控途径研究 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
在国际学术前沿土地变化科学的概念框架下, 耕地非农化及其调控机制研究成为核心问 题之一。研究中国快速城市化地区耕地非农化的驱动力及其调控机制, 不仅是现实的迫切需求, 也可在国际相关学术领域做出独特贡献。以北京为案例进行研究发现: 1996~2004 年北京土地利 用变化中, 大多数地类转换都与耕地直接有关, 耕地流失是北京土地利用变化的核心问题; 城镇 扩展主要占用耕地, 且耕地生产力高的平原地区因建设占用而流失的耕地量大; 远郊山区耕地被 建设占用的压力相对较小, 但被生态用地占用的压力相对较大; 人口增长、经济发展、政府行为与 决策是北京等经济快速发展地区耕地流失的重要驱动因素, 解决途径关键在于寻求耕地保护与 耕地非农利用之间的平衡点、积极发挥土地管理政策的调控作用。 相似文献
8.
Metropolitan land-use patterns by economic function: a spatial analysis of firm headquarters and branch office locations in Australian cities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper develops a comparative means by which to understand metropolitan spatial structure through the dynamics of economic activities. Clustering and suburbanization have been key processes within the contemporary urban landscape, but few scholarly accounts have systematically merged the two to explain the geographies of economic activity. Using firm location as a variable to discern sector- and industry-based locational requirements, we explore land-use and economic activity in Australia’s five largest metropolitan areas. Drawing upon the respective headquarters and branch office locations of a set of publically traded firms, we seek to establish general spatial patterns across Australian cities using two proxy measures for clustering and suburbanization, being well-established drivers of firm locational choice. Despite the complexity that post-industrial and suburbanizing processes add to metropolitan land-use patterns, we contend that certain patterns exist that can be generalized from one context to another across urban space, and that certain emerging trends such as the development of CBD-fringe precincts merit greater attention. 相似文献
9.
William B. Beyers 《The Professional geographer》1979,31(1):34-44
This paper reviews economic development trends, for the 1965–1975 period, in the 173 daily urban systems identified by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Changes in employment, earnings, and non-earnings sources of personal income are reported. Growth in the South and West was found to be relatively independent of linkages with the northeastern industrial heartland. Exports of services from all of the nation's largest cities have become significant components in their economic bases, helping to offset declines in manufacturing. 相似文献
10.
社会升级是指提高劳动者就业质量并保障和改善其作为社会参与者的基本权利的过程,是近年来国际经济地理研究出现的一个新兴方向。针对国内地理学聚焦于经济升级、缺乏关注社会升级的研究现状,构建了测度社会升级的综合指标体系,采用空间分析方法和数量模型揭示了20世纪90年代中期以来中国社会升级的时空格局、区域差异及驱动因素。研究发现：① 1996—2017年中国社会升级指数从0.358增长至0.445;② 东部地区是社会升级的主要区域,其中又以京津冀、长三角、珠三角等三大城市群为核心升级区;③ 社会升级在全国整体和地区尺度的区域差异有所缩小,省际发展分化速率得到一定缓解,中西部省份逐步追赶东部省份,重庆的发展引人注目,但东部沿海仍是带动中国社会升级的主导区;④ 经济发展、产业创新、经济全球化、劳动力技能和政府治理等因素共同影响了区域社会升级,反映了社会升级受全球和地方因素综合影响的过程。研究认为,经济增长快速并非一定带来社会升级,促进社会升级需要提升经济发展的质量。本文为在宏观层面分析社会升级提供了量化方法,对促进认识社会升级的发生机制及其与经济升级、经济全球化的关系起到补充作用。最后提出了促进中国经济和社会“双升级”的建议以及未来研究启示。 相似文献
11.
区域的社会建构议题较少得到国内学者的关注。既有关于粤港澳大湾区的研究,也鲜有涉及具体城市政府的行动和策略。为此,文章采取政策话语分析方法探索佛山融入粤港澳大湾区建设的政策和策略响应,作为弥补上述问题的文献空白。研究发现,佛山把区域身份建构为粤港澳大湾区西部核心城市,从战略统一上确定了佛山融入粤港澳大湾区的策略和行动方向。佛山与不同城市和区域之间建立关系网络,形成不同尺度作用下的区域合作地域载体。表现为3个方面：1）在城市尺度上,佛山与广州、深圳、香港和澳门等城市建立合作联系,建设三龙湾高端创新集聚区为地域载体,将松散的资源重新盘整,进一步提高统筹地区发展和聚集资源要素的能力,培育新的地方增长极以保持竞争优势。2）在区域尺度上,佛山与广西和贵州建立合作联系,建设佛山西站枢纽新城为地域载体,连接西南地区,把粤桂黔高铁经济合作带作为其经济腹地。3）在全球尺度上,佛山与德国建立合作联系,建设中德工业服务区为地域载体,创造地方—全球尺度的连接渠道,嵌入全球的市场经济。佛山案例展示了区域作为不同尺度上多个行动者的节点汇合,如何把区域资产与国家和跨国经济联系起来,从而生产与再生产新国家空间。文章回应了新区域地理学从社会建构主义视角审视区域发展问题,也回应了中国城市网络研究的最新呼吁。在实践中为其他城市如何融入粤港澳大湾区建设乃至区域发展问题提供了借鉴。 相似文献
12.
《Urban geography》2013,34(7):973-987
This article examines recent legislation on the mandatory practice of government adjudication and its impacts on community residents' legal challenges to chaiqian (demolition and relocation) in Shanghai. In recent years, rights-based grievances over community displacement have become a major source of social conflict in urban China. The new legislation represents the Chinese state's efforts to establish a law-based model through which to govern an increasingly rights-conscious society. It is argued that the mandatory practice of government adjudication has smoothed out the conflict-laden property development process by establishing a legalized channel for affected residents to express their claims of rights and interests. Yet, at the same time, legislative practice has also reinforced the government's control in defining social interests to which residents' individual rights are subordinate. 相似文献
13.
转型期中国城镇居民住房类型分化及其影响因素——基于CGSS (2005) 的分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
转型时期我国城镇居民主要通过市场竞争机制和科层分配体制来获取个人住房,获取稀缺的住房资源的途径和机会的差异在一定程度上反映了住房不平等和社会分化。处于体制转型时期的中国城镇,制度、市场和家庭因素等多重因素相互交织,共同影响中国城镇居民住房选择。以覆盖全国88 个城镇的《中国综合社会调查(CGSS)》(2005 年城镇部分) 调查资料为基础,本文分析了转型背景下中国城镇居民住房类型分化及其影响因素,研究发现：改革 开放30 多年以来,中国城镇的住房自有率大幅度提高,其主要原因从1998 年前的公房房改政策向1998 年后住房市场化政策转变。家庭生命周期、家庭收入、户籍、单位性质、职业等变 量显著影响住房选择,体现市场与制度对住房资源分配的双重影响。经济发达地区由于住房资源紧缺、住房价格高,居民住房承受能力差异较大,工作单位性质、户籍和家庭生命周期变量对住房选择的影响更显著。随着住房市场化进一步发展和住房制度改革的逐步深入,地方政府应逐步放宽社会住房的享受标准,尤其是户籍限制条件;开发商应更关注社会经济快 速转型背景下的家庭结构变化及其对居住偏好的影响。 相似文献
14.
城市生活空间研究述评 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
随着人本主义思潮的兴起,社会生活空间越来越受到重视.加强城市社会生活空间的研究,有助于提高城市居民生活质量、加强城市空间的优化调控.文章从功能空间和本体论的角度,重新界定了城市生活空间的内涵以及研究城市空间的新视角.系统梳理了国内外生活空间研究的最新进展.研究发现,城市生活空间成为近年来研究的热点内容,研究尺度从宏观向... 相似文献
15.
Derrick Hindery 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2004,25(3):281-303
With the spectacular financial collapse of Enron in 2001, Enron and Shell's Rio San Miguel‐Cuiabá gas pipeline gained international notoriety for degrading the last, most intact dry tropical forest in the world, Bolivia's Chiquitano forest. The paper uses specific case studies, including the case of the Cuiabá pipeline, to examine how economic restructuring sponsored by the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and Inter‐American Development Bank (IDB) facilitated the entrance of multinational oil corporations that have caused significant social and environmental impacts in Bolivia. The paper explores the influence of international financial institutions and multinational oil corporations on Bolivian state institutions, particularly their ability to regulate and address impacts caused by developments in the hydrocarbons sector. It concludes that neoliberal policies, which resulted in partial privatisation of the state oil company and in expanded control over natural resources by multinational corporations (MNCs), were detrimental to sensitive ecosystems and indigenous inhabitants. 相似文献
16.
FAO土地利用规划研究进展评述 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
联合国粮农组织（FAO）作为面向发展中国家的国际组织,自20世纪70年代以来一直致力于土地利用评价和规划的研究和实践。不同发展时期的土地利用规划特点及其发展趋势对当前我国社会主义市场经济转轨时期的土地利用规划编制具有借鉴意义。本文以90年代以来FAO土地利用规划的发展过程为基础,提出不同阶段下FAO土地利用规划的特点,并指出了未来发展的5个趋势：规划重点由协调土地用途的冲突为主走向协调利益相关者的冲突并重;规划内容由适宜性评价为主体走向持续性评价和制度安排并重;规划过程由自上而下为主走向上下结合;持续重视不同空间尺度下土地利用规划的一致性和差异性;不断发展为规划服务的土地利用决策工具。 相似文献
17.
The socio-spatial dimension of behavior analysis: Frontiers and progress in Chinese behavioral geography 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The interaction between urban space and individual behavior has led to essential social, economic and environmental consequences. Behavioral geography provides a new effective theoretical and methodological framework to investigate behavior patterns in cities. In recent years, behavior approach has become an influential analytical paradigm in Chinese urban geography. This paper provides an overview of behavioral geography research in China, by introducing the theoretical and empirical progress in behavior analysis. It is argued that behavioral approach offers a new perspective to understanding China’s urban sociospatial reconstruction and addressing social and environmental issues at micro scale. Although theoretical development still lags behind developed countries, Chinese scholars have made much progress in empirical investigations of classical socio-spatial behavior theories. This paper also provides an overview of new trends in Chinese behavioral geography that has started to apply the behavioral approach to urban social, economic and environmental issues. This paper suggests that social dimensions of behavior should be addressed more comprehensively and rigorously by using interdisciplinary theoretical and methodological frameworks, to better understand the complexity of Chinese cities and research the critical social and environmental issues in cities. 相似文献
18.
《地理学报(英文版)》2016,(8)
The interaction between urban space and individual behavior has led to essential social, economic and environmental consequences. Behavioral geography provides a new effective theoretical and methodological framework to investigate behavior patterns in cities. In recent years, behavior approach has become an influential analytical paradigm in Chinese urban geography. This paper provides an overview of behavioral geography research in China, by introducing the theoretical and empirical progress in behavior analysis. It is argued that behavioral approach offers a new perspective to understanding China's urban sociospatial reconstruction and addressing social and environmental issues at micro scale. Although theoretical development still lags behind developed countries, Chinese scholars have made much progress in empirical investigations of classical socio-spatial behavior theories. This paper also provides an overview of new trends in Chinese behavioral geography that has started to apply the behavioral approach to urban social, economic and environmental issues. This paper suggests that social dimensions of behavior should be addressed more comprehensively and rigorously by using interdisciplinary theoretical and methodological frameworks, to better understand the complexity of Chinese cities and research the critical social and environmental issues in cities. 相似文献
19.
With the urbanisation drive comes steady growth in urban water demand. Although in the past this new demand could often be met by tapping unclaimed water sources, this option is increasingly untenable in many regions where little if any unclaimed water remains. The result is that urban water capture, and the appropriation of associated physical and institutional infrastructure, now often implies conflict with other existing uses and users. While the urbanisation process has been studied in great depth, the processes and, critically, impacts of urban water capture and appropriation are not well researched or understood. This paper undertakes a critical examination of the specific case of Hyderabad, one of India's fastest growing cities, to shed light more generally on the process of water capture by cities and the resultant impacts on pre-existing claims, particularly agriculture. It does this by examining the history and institutional response to Hyderabad's urban–rural water contest; how the results of that contest are reflected in surface and groundwater hydrology; and the eventual impacts on agriculture. The findings show that the magnitude, and sometimes even direction, of impact from urban water transfer vary in space and time and depend on location-specific rainfall patterns, the nature of existing water infrastructure and institutions, and farmers' adaptive capacities and options, notably recourse to groundwater. Broader consideration of the specific findings provides insights into policy mechanisms to reduce the possible negative impacts from the global, and seemingly inexorable, flow of water to the world's growing cities. 相似文献
20.
Groundwater is the major source of water to the Palestinians. Efficient management of this resource requires a good understanding of its status. This understanding necessitates a characterization of the quality of the utilizable volumes. This paper focuses on the assessment of nitrate concentrations in the aquifers of the West Bank, Palestine. A preliminary statistical analysis is carried out for the spatial and temporal distributions of the nitrate concentrations. GIS is utilized to facilitate the analysis and to efficiently account for the spatiality of nitrate concentrations. The analysis was carried out at different spatial levels and key parameters including soil type, watersheds, depth, population, and rainfall. It is observed that elevated nitrate concentrations in the groundwater greatly coincide with increasing rainfall, particularly in the last few years. Results confirm that the annual mean nitrate concentration in the Western groundwater basin has an increasing trend over the period from 1982 to 2004 indicating its vulnerability to contamination. This result can be attributed to the agricultural activities along with the high groundwater recharge. However, leaking septic and sewer systems are considerably causing nitrate contamination of groundwater in populated areas. Overall, the recommendations call for an immediate intervention to manage the quality problems in the West Bank aquifers. 相似文献