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Anna Coppola Giovanni Leonelli Maria Cristina Salvatore Manuela Pelfini Carlo Baroni 《Quaternary Research》2012,77(3):344-354
Tree rings from temperature-limited environments are highly sensitive climate proxies, widely used to reconstruct past climate parameters for periods prior to the availability of instrumental data and to analyse the effect of recent global warming on tree growth. An analysis of the climatic signal in five high-elevation tree-ring width chronologies of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) from the tops of five different glacial valleys in the Italian Central Alps revealed that they contain a strong summer-temperature signal and that tree-ring growth is especially influenced by June temperatures. However, a moving correlation function analysis revealed a recent loss of the June temperature signal in the tree-ring chronologies. This signal reduction primarily involves the two lowest-altitude chronologies. It is probable that the observed increasing importance of late-summer temperature for tree-ring growth over the past 50 yr is an effect of the lengthening growing season and of the variations in the climate/tree-ring relationship over time. All the chronologies considered, especially those at the highest altitudes, show an increasing negative influence of June precipitation on tree-ring growth. The climatic signal recorded in tree-ring chronologies from the Italian Central Alps varies over time and is also differentially influenced by climatic parameters according to site elevation. 相似文献
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Exploring the potential of tree-ring chronologies from the Trafoi Valley (Central Italian Alps) to reconstruct glacier mass balance 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
GIOVANNI LEONELLI MANUELA PELFINI PAOLO CHERUBINI 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2008,37(1):169-178
Two tree-ring chronologies of stone pine ( Pinus cembra L.) and two of Norway spruce ( Picea abies Karst.) were constructed on the basis of data from three high-altitude sites in the Trafoi Valley (Central Alps, Italy) to test tree species sensitivity to climate at different sites and to explore the potential of the two species for reconstructing the mass balance of two glaciers in the same region (the Careser and Hintereis glaciers). Influence of climate on tree-ring growth and on glacier mass variations was tested by means of Pearson's correlation and response functions. At highest altitude sites, both species appeared to be sensitive to July temperatures, while stone pine also showed higher sensitivity than Norway spruce to previous winter precipitation. Comparing the dendrochronological and glaciological series, stone pine showed higher negative correlations with glacier mass balance series than Norway spruce. These different relationships reflect different species responses to climate, and stone pine is potentially useful in reconstructing past glacier mass balance in the Central Alps. Extreme climatic events induce different and even contrasting responses of tree-ring growth and glacier mass variations and may therefore bias tree-ring-based glacier mass balance reconstructions. 相似文献
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Xiaomin Zeng Xiaohong Liu Wenzhi Wang Guobao Xu Wenling An Guoju Wu 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2014,43(3):588-599
To reveal the influence of current warming on tree growth and δ18O in a sensitive high‐latitude region that is undergoing rapid climate change, we examined tree width and the earlywood and latewood δ18O at two sites with a 400‐m elevation difference in the Sygera Mountains of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The study period was from 1950 to 2011. The mean tree‐ring index at the low site was higher than that at the high site during the study period. The climatic responses of earlywood and latewood δ18O at both sites were similar. Earlywood δ18O was mainly influenced by the June to August temperature and total cloud cover, whereas latewood δ18O was mainly controlled by relative humidity from July to August. Spatial correlations with CRU TS 3.1 regional data suggest that our δ18O chronologies can represent climatic changes over large regions. The high offset between earlywood δ18O at the two sites (2.3‰ higher at the low site) was mainly influenced by the high temperature lapse rate as a function of altitude during the earlywood growing season. Furthermore, meltwater with lower δ18O values might have affected earlywood δ18O at the high site, and thereby increased the earlywood δ18O offset between two sites. The low latewood δ18O offset between the two sites (0.4‰ higher at the low site) was not significant, but appears to have been primarily influenced by the low precipitation δ18O lapse rate as a function of altitude during the latewood growing season. Earlywood δ18O of Smith fir suitable for reconstructing past temperatures and latewood δ18O suitable for reconstructing past relative humidity on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau were identified. 相似文献
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青海都兰过去2000年来的气候重建及其变迁 总被引：35，自引：4，他引：35
根据青海都兰地区树木年轮样本建立了目前我国最长的年轮年表序列。通过年表与气候要素间相关函数、响应函数及响应面分析,选择了可被重建的气候因子,建立了重建方程,恢复了青海都兰地区历史时期的平均温度;并分析讨论了近2 000年来该地区的气候变化。阐述了这个地区的冷暖交替及周期循环。对一些重大气候事件,如中世纪暖期、小冰期和近一个世纪以来的升温等,逐个事件进行了剖析。并与全球温度变化进行了对照。都兰温度曲线为青藏高原东部地区提供了一个较好的气候变化信息表。 相似文献
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Tree-ring-width index chronologies of teak (Tectona grandis L.F.) from three sites in central India have been studied for their dendroclimatic potential. The existence of good correlation
among the three site chronologies indicates the influence of common forcing factor to the tree growth of the region. Tree
growth and climate relationship based on correlation analysis revealed the important contribution of moisture index and rainfall
rather than the direct influence of the temperature on tree growth during different seasons. Significant positive relationship
of moisture index and rainfall during the monsoon months as well as on the annual scale with tree-ring width variations over
the region indicates the important role of moisture availability at the root zone. The results suggest that the teak tree-ring
chronologies can be used as high resolution proxy for past precipitation and moisture level in the environment. 相似文献
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树轮年代学是一门研究树木木质部年生长层，以及利用年生长层来定年的科学。由于树轮不仅是一种定年工具，它本身还可提供树轮生成时的环境要素信息，为一种环境变化的代用资料。在全球变化特别是在过去全球气候变化研究中，树轮年代学受到愈来愈广泛的重视，在近期内取得了长足的、惊人的进展。本文仅在树轮长年表的建立，树轮年代学生物基础研究──模式研究，利用树轮对环境要素变化的研究，以及树轮的图像分析等几个与环境变化研究相关的方面和本学科目前研究热点的若干进展，予以概要的论述。 相似文献
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Up to 400‐year‐old Rhododendron shrubs on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau: prospects for shrub‐based dendrochronology 
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下载免费PDF全文 Xiaoming Lu J. Julio Camarero Yafeng Wang Eryuan Liang Dieter Eckstein 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2015,44(4):760-768
In harsh and treeless environments, shrubs constitute the dominant growth form of woody plants, thus offering the opportunity to extend dendrochronological networks beyond the uppermost and northernmost distribution limits of trees. However, shrub‐based dendrochronology has so far resulted in only a few long and climate‐responsive ring‐width chronologies at such stressful sites, particularly above the alpine tree line. A previous study on an alpine Rhododendron shrub species resulted in <80‐year‐long ring‐width chronologies. Here, we collected Rhododendron aganniphum var. schizopeplum stems from elevations between 4000 and 4500 m a.s.l. on the SE Tibetan Plateau and built six tree‐ring width chronologies. One of them is 401 years long and well replicated from AD 1670 to 2011 (EPS>0.85), thus representing the longest shrub chronology available to date. A principal component analysis (PCA) converted the total variability of all six site chronologies into PCs. Then, the six site chronologies and the PC1, accounting for 65.9% of the total variance of the tree‐ring width, were correlated with time series of monthly climate data. Based on this, the year‐to‐year variability of the ring‐width indices was positively correlated with July temperature, which thus turned out to be the dominant factor controlling growth. Accordingly, such long shrub‐ring chronologies may act as climatic and ecological proxies in treeless environments of the Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
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阿尼玛卿山不同海拔祁连圆柏树轮宽度年表特征对比分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用阿尼玛卿山地同一坡面的不同海拔高度获取的4组树木年轮样本,建立了不同海拔梯度的树轮宽度指数年表.各年表中较高的信噪比SNR和样本总体解释量EPS表明,各采样点树木中含有较多的共同环境信息,从低海拔向高海拔的递减反映了高海拔小生境差异对树木生长影响较大;平均敏感度和标准差随海拔升高呈先递减后递增的趋势.气候因子对整个坡面的树木生长起着主导影响,其中气温的作用更大一些.可靠年表的平均序列长度随海拔升高变短,表明树木生长是沿着山坡逐渐向上迁移的.不同海拔树轮宽度可靠年表间高频变化一致,10 a滑动的高生长和低生长的不一致则反映了低频变化的差异.相关分析表明,生长在森林上限的树木对环境因子的响应滞后于森林下限,生长在最大降水高度附近的树木对环境因子响应的敏感性最低. 相似文献
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MERVI TUOVINEN DANNY McCARROLL HÅKAN GRUDD RISTO JALKANEN SIETSE LOS 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2009,38(1):1-12
The spatial and temporal stability of the climatic signal in pine tree - ring width and maximum density is examined using data from four sites in northern Sweden and Finland. Moving-window multiple linear regression, using monthly and daily climate data, indicates that ring widths at all sites have been strongly controlled by July temperatures throughout the past century. The relationship between maximum density and temperature is stronger but much less stable across both space and time. Shifts in the hottest part of the summer do not explain large shifts in the period most strongly influencing density. It is concluded that palaeoclimate reconstructions based on northern Fennoscandian pine tree - ring width chronologies should be restricted to the temperature of midsummer (July), whereas maximum density should be used to reconstruct the temperature of a longer growth season (June to August). They thus provide different and compl e mentary palaeoclimate signals. At all four sites, the correlation between maximum density and June to August mean temperature is lowest in the latter half of the 20th century, but split sample tests with strong verification statistics (RE and CE) show that this represents a quantitative change in the strength of the correlation with climate, rather than a qualitative change in the nature of that relationship, and thus does not invalidate climate reconstructions. 相似文献
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THOMAS LITT CHRISTIAN SCHÖLZEL NORBERT KÜHL ACHIM BRAUER 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2009,38(4):679-690
Lakes Holzmaar and Meerfelder Maar are located in the Westeifel Volcanic Field less than 10 km apart. Both maar lakes are well known for their annually laminated (varved) sediments covering the past 15 000 years. Here, we focus on reconstructing the history of Holocene vegetation, human impact and climate using high-resolution pollen data. Detailed correlation between the two records using palynologically defined tie-points provides for the first time a test of the precision of the individual varve chronologies. The high-resolution pollen records of both Holzmaar and Meerfelder Maar show continuous natural successions of vegetation during the early and mid-Holocene controlled by the development of soil, climate, immigration and competitive expansion of thermophilous tree species. From 6500 varve yr BP onwards, human impact became an increasingly more important factor. Given the high chronological precision of both records, regional similarities, but also local differences of anthropogenically influenced vegetation changes, can be recognized. The reconstructed July temperature between 8500 and 5000 varve yr BP is around 1 °C higher than today, most likely in response to higher summer insolation related to orbital forcing. High variability of reconstructed July and January temperatures as well as annual precipitation around 5000 varve yr BP is a prominent climatic signal. This is consistent with other records in several areas of Europe which also identify this period as climatically highly variable. 相似文献
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SAMULI HELAMA ALAR LÄÄNELAID HANNA TIETÄVÄINEN MARC MACIAS FAURIA ILMO T. KUKKONEN JARI HOLOPAINEN JAN K. NIELSEN ILMARI VALOVIRTA 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2010,39(4):734-748
Helama, S., Läänelaid, A., Tietäväinen, H., Macias Fauria, M., Kukkonen, I. T., Holopainen, J., Nielsen, J. K. & Valovirta, I. 2010: Late Holocene climatic variability reconstructed from incremental data from pines and pearl mussels – a multi‐proxy comparison of air and subsurface temperatures. Boreas, Vol. 39, pp. 734–748. 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2010.00165.x. ISSN 0300‐9483. Dendrochronological and sclerochronological records are mean series of arboreal and molluscan increments that are correctly aligned in time by rigorous dating. These records of tree rings and annual shell‐growth increments exhibit climate signals that can be used to reconstruct fluctuations and trends in past climates. Here we present a multi‐proxy reconstruction of temperature histories using a combination of dendrochronological and sclerochronological evidence. Regional curve standardization (RCS) was used to remove the non‐climatic variations from dendrochronological and sclerochronological series prior to palaeoclimatic interpretation. Conventional and signal‐free methods of RCS were compared. It was found that the signal‐free methods produced more reliable chronologies and systematically higher climate–proxy correlations. Consequently, the temperature reconstructions were derived using the chronologies constructed by this method. Proxy‐based histories of summer (July–August) temperatures were reconstructed from AD 1767 onwards. The compound use of proxies resulted in reconstructions that were of higher quality than single‐proxy reconstructions. Further improvement of reconstructions was accomplished by the inclusion of lagging increment values in the transfer functions. The final multi‐proxy model explained 58% of the temperature variance over the instrumental period. The multi‐proxy temperature reconstruction correlated well with the long records of instrumental temperatures from Tornedalen, St. Petersburg, Uppsala and Stockholm. Overall, the reconstruction for the past 250 years agreed reasonably well with borehole temperature reconstructions obtained in northern Finland. In general, this study demonstrates the benefits of the compound use of several proxies in reconstructing climate histories. In particular, the study emphasizes the so far largely unexploited advantages of multi‐proxy data sets obtained by rigorously cross‐dated incremental chronologies to produce more robust palaeoclimatic reconstructions. 相似文献
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大兴安岭北部多年冻土区落叶松和樟子松生长的气候响应差异研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
以大兴安岭北部根河、呼中和汗马冻土区落叶松和樟子松为样本,建立了五个树轮宽度年表,并计算获取了五个样点的树轮截面积指数（BAI）序列。树轮BAI-气候响应关系分析表明,气温为这一地区落叶松和樟子松生长的主要限制因子;但落叶松和樟子松对气候变化的响应存在差异。落叶松BAI与3月平均气温,樟子松BAI与前一年12月至当年4月平均气温均呈显著负相关。考虑到水热综合影响,落叶松BAI控制因子由1957-1990年与其呈显著正相关的1月份SPEI转变为1991-2013年与其呈显著正相关的1-4月SPEI和与其呈显著负相关的3月份平均气温;樟子松BAI控制因子则由1957-1990年与其呈显著负相关的2月和8月份平均气温转变为1991-2013年与其呈显著正相关的7月份降水量和6-7月SPEI。结果表明,在全球变暖背景下,水热环境改变使得冻土区树木生长限制因子发生变化。 相似文献
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文章通过天山中段垂直梯度上多个台站的气候资料,系统分析了不同海拔高度气候变化的时空差异性,以此作为与轮宽资料进行相关分析的基础。进一步利用气候条件较为一致的天山中段鹿角湾、乌鲁木齐河源山区和天池等地森林上限附近树木年轮宽度变化资料,结合前人在这一地区森林内部和森林下限所做的研究,探讨了天山中段树木生长对气候垂直梯度的响应。结果表明,天山山区最大降水高度有明显的季节变化,从而导致气候因子对树木生长影响的复杂性。除了海拔最高的采样点天池(TC)外,其他采样点均与上年8~9月降水总量正相关,与上年7~8月平均温度负相关,与当年4~5月降水总量正相关。而在海拔最高、高山林线附近的采样点与当年2月均温显著正相关,与当年5月气温显著负相关。可以认为,在研究区树木生长主要受到上年7~8月由高温引起的干旱和当年4~5月由降水不足导致的干旱的影响。在接近气候林线处,低温的限制作用才表现出来。 相似文献
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NEIL J. LOADER MATS RUNDGREN 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2006,35(2):188-201
To provide a basis for the interpretation of past climatic conditions from Quaternary leaf records, leaf carbon isotope (δ13C) results are presented for 12 northern European dwarf-shrub, shrub and tree species growing across a network of 18 sites in northern Scandinavia. The role of micro-habitat (hummock/hollow) on carbon isotope trends is explored in addition to a comparison of the carbon isotope composition of both cellulose and wholeleaf material. The data are also examined against local meteorological variables (temperature, precipitation and vapour pressure deficit) at both species and genus levels. Results exhibit only modest coherence between selected plant species and low-order correlations with external climate forcings consistent with accepted models for carbon isotope fractionation. Potential for the analysis and interpretation of stable isotopic time series may still be identified; however, factors such as inter-plant variability, senescence, diagenesis and homogeneity need to be thoroughly addressed before such an approach may be used for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. These findings highlight the complexities and limitations of spatial calibration methods. 相似文献
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Ten sites near the Snake River Plain have consistent differences in their climatic histories. Sites at low elevation reflect the “early Holocene xerothermic” of the Pacific Northwest, whereas most climatic chronologies at high elevation indicate maximum warmth or aridity somewhat later, ca. 6000 yr ago. This elevational contrast in climatic histories is duplicated at three sites from the central Snake River Plain. For sites in such close proximity, the different chronologies cannot be explained by changes in atmospheric circulation during the late Quaternary. Rather, the differences are best explained by the autecology of the plants involved and the changing seasonal climate. The seasonal climatic sequence predicted by multiple thermal maxima explains the high- and low-elevation chronologies. During the early Holocene, maximum insolation and intensified summer drought in July forced low-elevation vegetation upward. However, moisture was not a limiting factor at high elevation, where vegetation moved upward in response to increased length of growing season coincident with maximum September insolation 6000 yr ago. 相似文献
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A network of 54 ring-width chronologies is used to estimate changes in summer climate within the Winnipeg River basin, Canada, since AD 1783. The basin drains parts of northwestern Ontario, northern Minnesota and southeastern Manitoba, and is a key area for hydroelectric power production. Most chronologies were developed from Pinus resinosa and P. strobus, with a limited number of Thuja occidentalis, Picea glauca and Pinus banksiana. The dominant pattern of regional tree growth can be recovered using only the nine longest chronologies, and is not affected by the method used to remove variability related to age or stand dynamics from individual trees. Tree growth is significantly, but weakly, correlated with both temperature (negatively) and precipitation (positively) during summer. Simulated ring-width chronologies produced by a process model of tree-ring growth exhibit similar relationships with summer climate. High and low growth across the region is associated with cool/wet and warm/dry summers, respectively; this relationship is supported by comparisons with archival records from early 19th century fur-trading posts. The tree-ring record indicates that summer droughts were more persistent in the 19th and late 18th century, but there is no evidence that drought was more extreme prior to the onset of direct monitoring. 相似文献
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气候变暖对森林生态系统产生了深刻影响,而树木生长对气候变化做出了不同的响应。本研究利用采自祁连山中、东部不同海拔梯度的青海云杉（Picea crassifolia）树轮样本,分别建立了中部和东部6个树轮宽度年表,分析了树木径向生长与各气候要素的关系以及随时间变化的稳定性。结果表明：祁连山中部青海云杉对降水和scPDSI较东部更为敏感。中部树轮宽度年表与当年5—7月的scPDSI极显著正相关（P<0.001）,东部树轮宽度年表与前一年9月和当年5月scPDSI显著正相关,表明中部LCH区域青海云杉径向生长主要受当年5—7月土壤水分条件的限制;东部XYH区域则受前一年9月和当年5月的土壤水分的限制。20世纪80年代中东部温度显著升高（P<0.001）,中东部树木生长受高温引起的干旱胁迫增强;20世纪90年代以后,由于中部降水增加而东部降水变化不明显,中部树木生长干旱压力得到缓解,东部森林受干旱的限制作用增强。此外,中东部青海云杉与温度、降水和scPDSI的相关关系逐渐趋向一致,未来气候的持续变暖或许将减小中东部树轮-气候关系的差异。 相似文献
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通过胡杨树轮宽度的分析,建立了内蒙古额济纳地区过去233年来的STD,RES和ARS年表;并将树轮STD年表与采样点附近额济纳气象站的气温、降雨量以及狼心山水文站的地下水水位等记录进行了相关分析。结果表明,在额济纳地区显著影响该地胡杨生长的主要限制因子是地下水水位。胡杨树轮宽度年表与冬季及全年地下水水位相关性最高,分别为-0.808(p＜0.01)和-0.724(p＜0.05)。在此基础上,设计转换方程,重建了额济纳地区过去232年来冬季及全年地下水水位变化历史,冬季地下水水位重建方程的解释方差达76.3 % (调整自由度后为70.4 ％ ,n=11,r=0.874,F=12.881,p＜0.003),全年地下水水位重建方程的解释方差为72.8 ％ (调整自由度后为66.1 ％ ,n=11, r=0.854,F=10.731,p＜0.005)。 相似文献