共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 656 毫秒
1.
Tokujiro Takayama Masatoshi Nishi Hiroaki Yamamoto Yoshinori Sanada Shigemi Matsuda Takashi Uchida 《Resource Geology》2004,54(1):89-98
Abstract. The MITI Nankai Trough wells were drilled for exploration of methane-hydrate-bearing sediments in association with seismic inferred bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs). In this project, log data showed low velocity compressional-wave (P-wave) layers below methane-hydrate-bearing formations. Dipole shear sonic acoustic tools (DSI) could not acquire accurate compres-sional velocity in this zone, thus it was not possible to accurately correlate between logging, VSP and surface seismic profiles.
Small amount of gas was presumed to cause the problem in obtaining the low velocity P-wave data. VSP interval velocity data was used to assess the DSI inferred low-velocity layer, which showed lower values than the velocity of the drilling muds. Synthetic seismogram was created by VSP-compensated velocity to compare against corridor stack of VSP. As a result, the depths above and below the methane-hydrate-bearing interval were correlated with synthetic seismograms and reflectivity events on the VSP profiles. By using this correlation technique, distribution of methane-hydrate-bearing formations and free-gas-bearing formations can be determined. 相似文献
Small amount of gas was presumed to cause the problem in obtaining the low velocity P-wave data. VSP interval velocity data was used to assess the DSI inferred low-velocity layer, which showed lower values than the velocity of the drilling muds. Synthetic seismogram was created by VSP-compensated velocity to compare against corridor stack of VSP. As a result, the depths above and below the methane-hydrate-bearing interval were correlated with synthetic seismograms and reflectivity events on the VSP profiles. By using this correlation technique, distribution of methane-hydrate-bearing formations and free-gas-bearing formations can be determined. 相似文献
2.
近年来通过多道地震、浅剖及海底采样调查在东沙岛西南海域发现了大量喷溢甲烷的泥火山,通过研究泥火山可能会发现含气层,具有重大的油气资源指示意义.一条多道地震剖面显示,在该海域一泥火山MV3附近存在一个具有极性反转的埋藏背斜构造,其振幅绝对值随偏移距增大而增大.为探究该背斜是否含有烃类气体,开展了速度分析、AVO反演和频率吸收衰减分析.结果表明:该极性反转下方存在纵波低速层;该带在截距P及梯度G剖面表现为负值,在P、G交会图中落入第三象限,在横波反射率剖面中表现为正值,在泊松比变化率剖面中表现为高负值;该带高频成分快速衰减,低频成分相对增加.以上多属性特征预示着该带含气,可能与深部甲烷泄露有关. 相似文献
3.
神华CO2捕获和封存（carbon capture and storage,CCS）示范项目是我国首个全流程煤基CO2捕获和在低孔低渗深部咸水层进行多层注入的CO2封存示范项目,意在通过时移垂直地震（VSP）监测CO2地质封存状况。介绍了CO2地质封存时移VSP技术和监测效果。通过注气前后3次VSP观测,得到了高品质时移VSP资料,研究了一致性处理技术、矢量波场分离和多波成像技术,获得了高分辨率的多波时移VSP剖面,通过深度域标定和多种属性解释对比,分析了注气前后VSP地震响应特征,预测了CO2地下运移范围,达到CCS项目预期监测目标。结果证明,时移VSP技术是监测CO2地质封存与运移的有效技术手段。 相似文献
4.
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is currently recognized as the most effective way to mitigate greenhouse gas. CO2 geological storage is the key technique in CCS, and monitoring the safety of CO2 geological storage runs through the whole CCS project from CO2 injection and after closure. 4D seismic monitoring technique is the most effective way to monitor the leakage of CO2 and to confirm the safety of CO2 sequestration. Traditional 4D seismic technology predicts saturation of CO2 and pressure distribution in reservoir by comparing two vintages seismic amplitude and travel time from two or repeated 3D seismic data before and after CO2 injection or between two different injection stages. 4D multicomponent seismic monitoring has a great potential to be explored. Because shear wave velocity is sensitive to pressure, we may discriminate pore pressure distribution by using 4D multicomponent seismic information. For anisotropy reservoir, we may confirm the change of reservoir fissures and fractures as well as reservoir and caprock stress status before and after CO2 injection through comparing difference of travel time and amplitude of PS1 and PS2 wave in two vintages seismic acquisition. Furthermore, we will find out potential CO2 leakage risk area more accurately and evaluate the safety of CO2 sequestration more reliablely by combining rock physics experiment and dipole sonic log data with 4D multicomponent seismic monitoring. 相似文献
5.
建立薄互层地震物理模型,分别从低频和高频入射时地震记录的振幅谱形态、振幅、频率特征、AVO特征等方面入手,分析了入射频率对煤系薄互层模型地震响应特征的影响。结果表明:入射频率对薄互层层数变化反映敏感,高频入射时振幅谱形态可分辨的厚度比较小,分辨率较高;振幅谱幅值以及主频值的变化与薄互层的总厚度和波长之比有关,并且随着厚度的增加其变化规律符合薄层的振幅调谐规律与频率调谐规律;入射频率不同时,AVO曲线特征也不相同,在进行薄互层资料的对比解释及AVO分析时,要充分考虑入射频率所引起的差异。 相似文献
6.
常规AVO技术预测煤层气,一般需要炮检距大于1.5倍煤层埋深。通过对黄陵矿区常规地震数据进行AVO异常分析,发现黄陵矿区具备明显煤层气AVO异常,而且在最大偏移距为煤层埋度1.11倍、入折射平均角为29°左右时,该区二号煤层顶板反射界面反射系数对入折射平均角的梯度达到最大值(0.1680)。由此认为叠前地震资料的最大偏移距只要接近、等于或略大于目的层深度,就足以反映振幅随偏移距的变化特征,即足以满足该区煤层气AVO反演对地震资料偏移距的要求。通过对常规地震资料的精细处理,对该区煤层富集区进行预测。黄陵矿区AVO异常解释主要基于垂直反演剖面和顺层反演切片,以此圈出约1.6km2、呈近南北向条带状分布的煤层气(瓦斯)富集区。截至2013年底,在生产巷道掘进过程中,已发现14处瓦斯涌出点与预测结果一致。 相似文献
7.
瓦斯突出煤和非突出煤AVO响应的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于Zoeppritz方程,对煤层进行AVO正演模拟,得到煤层的AVO响应曲线。瓦斯突出煤与非突出煤的AVO响应对比表明,无论是瓦斯突出煤还是非突出煤,其顶界面AVO响应在总体上表现为地震振幅绝对值随偏移距增加而减小的特点,但是瓦斯突出煤的截距绝对值要大于非突出煤的截距绝对值,瓦斯突出煤的斜率要大于非突出煤的斜率。煤层厚度变化会对AVO响应产生影响,当瓦斯突出煤和非突出煤的厚度相同时,瓦斯突出煤的截距绝对值大于非突出煤;当厚度不同时,瓦斯突出煤的斜率大于非突出煤的斜率。瓦斯突出煤与非突出煤的AVO响应差异,可为地球物理参数进行煤与瓦斯突出危险性预测以提供技术参考。 相似文献
8.
江陵凹陷北部高速玄武岩下二维广角地震初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
江汉油田江陵凹陷北部高速玄武岩发育,利用常规地震资料很难得到高速玄武岩下的地震反射。分析研究表明,广角地震有利于玄武岩下的地震成像。通过综合正演和实际地震数据完成了广角地震资料的处理,获得了江陵凹陷北部高速玄武岩下的反射地震信息。在开展广角地震波场的识别和利用研究过程中,从正演模型出发,探讨了在不同地质条件下高速层对地震波场的影响,并针对靶区资料讨论了如何识别广角地震信息。在上述基础上,通过对实际地震资料做精细的分析和处理,最终完成了高速玄武岩下地震资料的成像。 相似文献
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10.
井地联合提取VTI介质各向异性参数 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在新疆塔里木盆地某地区的宽方位三维地震数据中,VTI介质火成岩的各向异性和垂向速度变化引起非双曲线时差。通过对实际资料的系统分析,我们不能利用DMO反演法,移动震源VSP反演法和多偏移距VSP初至旅行时反演法提取Thomsen参数用于各向异性地震资料的处理。因此本文提出一个新的方法:运用地震资料和零偏移距VSP井求取火成岩的各向异性参数δ;在比较精确确定火成岩地层深度和厚度的情况下,利用偏移距VSP井,求取了各向异性参数ε,从而获得火成岩的瞬时各向异性参数η;充分考虑VTI介质垂向速度变化对时差曲线的影响,获得了各向异性参数ηeff。最后,利用所提取的各向异性参数,进行VTI介质各向异性速度分析和成像,成像质量得到明显改善。 相似文献
11.
Ayman N. Qadrouh José M. Carcione Ahmed M. A. Salim Zuhar Zahir Tuan Harith 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(5):413
Thin and relatively thin anelastic layers (compared to the signal wavelength) generally represent hydrocarbon reservoirs, where the rock is a sandstone or a source rock saturated with brine, oil and gas. The study of the seismic response of these layers is important to detect the hydrocarbons on the basis of the reflection and transmission coefficients and the wave velocity and attenuation properties. Different seismic experiments (source-receiver configurations) can provide useful information to characterise its properties. In this work, we consider varying thicknesses and Q values of the layer and analyse the reflection and transmission coefficients. Moreover, we obtain spectrograms of surface seismic profiles and vertical and horizontal well profiles (VSP and HSP, respectively) to analyse their frequency content with offset due to variations of the attenuation properties of the layer. In addition, we compare the effects due to NMO stretching and intrinsic attenuation related to the low-frequency shadows (LFS) observed in real data after stacking, since LFS can have several causes. Ambiguity is present in this case, indicating that non-stretch NMO is required, otherwise an offset mute of the data may remove useful information regarding the intrinsic (physical) loss. 相似文献
12.
高精度合成地震记录制作方法及应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
合成地震记录的精度直接影响到地震地质层位的准确标定。在总结前人工作的基础上，提出一套高精度合成地震记录的制作方法：（1）利用VSP资料能准确地反映地震波在地震中传播速度的变化规律的优点，进行漂移校正，以提高深－时转换的精度；（2）利用密度测井资料与声波时差曲线联合计算反射系数序列，以提高反射系数序列的精度；（3）利用分时窗提取子波技术，解决长期以来合成地震记录中存在的子波问题。将此方法用于合成地震记录的制作，在提高合成地震记录与地震剖面的吻合度和分辨率方面，都取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
13.
14.
井-震标定参数分析及薄层标定——以塔里木盆地哈得四油田为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆塔里木盆地哈得四（HD4）油田的主要储层东河砂岩属于薄储层,其厚度小于1/4地震波长,根据地震数据难以分辨储层的顶界和底界。为了利用声波速度对薄储层进行有效的井-震标定,从井-震标定的原理出发,以哈得四油田的井-震标定为例,分析了标定过程中子波的主频、类型和相位及声波速度对合成地震道的影响,同时分析了声波速度与叠加速度转换的层速度之间的差别。提出以参考层为标准,并对声波速度进行微调的薄储层的标定方法。参考层在研究区是一套沉积环境相对稳定、厚度较大的地层,它对应于地震剖面上的一个振幅较强、反射轴连续并易于追踪的反射界面。利用上述方法,以哈得四油田二叠系火成岩及石炭系双峰灰岩为参考层,选取与研究区地震数据吻合性最好的子波,合理地调整声波速度,对哈得四油田的主要储层东河砂岩进行井-震标定,获得了较为理想的效果。 相似文献
15.
Reservoir characterization of sand-shale sequences has always challenged geoscientists due to the presence of anisotropy in the form of shale lenses or shale layers. Water saturation and volume of shale are among the fundamental reservoir properties of interest for sand-shale intervals, and relate to the amount of fluid content and accumulating potentials of such media. This paper suggests an integrated workflow using synthetic data for the characterization of shaley-sand media based on anisotropic rock physics (T-matrix approximation) and seismic reflectivity modelling. A Bayesian inversion scheme for estimating reservoir parameters from amplitude vs. offset (AVO) data was used to obtain the information about uncertainties as well as their most likely values. The results from our workflow give reliable estimates of water saturation from AVO data at small uncertainties, provided background sand porosity values and isotropic overburden properties are known. For volume of shale, the proposed workflow provides reasonable estimates even when larger uncertainties are present in AVO data. 相似文献
16.
Lorenzo Perozzi Erwan Gloaguen Bernard Giroux Klaus Holliger 《Computational Geosciences》2016,20(6):1287-1300
We present a two-step stochastic inversion approach for monitoring the distribution of CO2 injected into deep saline aquifers for the typical scenario of one single injection well and a database comprising a common suite of well logs as well as time-lapse vertical seismic profiling (VSP) data. In the first step, we compute several sets of stochastic models of the elastic properties using conventional sequential Gaussian co-simulations (SGCS) representing the considered reservoir before CO2 injection. All realizations within a set of models are then iteratively combined using a modified gradual deformation algorithm aiming at reducing the mismatch between the observed and simulated VSP data. In the second step, these optimal static models then serve as input for a history matching approach using the same modified gradual deformation algorithm for minimizing the mismatch between the observed and simulated VSP data following the injection of CO2. At each gradual deformation step, the injection and migration of CO2 is simulated and the corresponding seismic traces are computed and compared with the observed ones. The proposed stochastic inversion approach has been tested for a realistic, and arguably particularly challenging, synthetic case study mimicking the geological environment of a potential CO2 injection site in the Cambrian-Ordivician sedimentary sequence of the St. Lawrence platform in Southern Québec. The results demonstrate that the proposed two-step reservoir characterization approach is capable of adequately resolving and monitoring the distribution of the injected CO2. This finds its expression in optimized models of P- and S-wave velocities, density, and porosity, which, compared to conventional stochastic reservoir models, exhibit a significantly improved structural similarity with regard to the corresponding reference models. The proposed approach is therefore expected to allow for an optimal injection forecast by using a quantitative assimilation of all available data from the appraisal stage of a CO2 injection site. 相似文献
17.
Abdelmoneam Raef 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(3)
The recent proliferation of the 3D reflection seismic method into the near-surface area of geophysical applications, especially in response to the emergence of the need to comprehensively characterize and monitor near-surface carbon dioxide sequestration in shallow saline aquifers around the world, Justifies the emphasis on cost-effective and robust quality control and assurance (QC/QA) workflow of 3D seismic data preprocessing that is suitable for near-surface applications. The main purpose of our seismic data preprocessing QC is to enable the use of appropriate header information, data that are free of noise-dominated traces, and/or flawed vertical stacking in subsequent processing steps. In this article, I provide an account of utilizing survey design specifications, noise properties, first breaks, and normal moveout for rapid and thorough graphical QC/QA diagnostics, which are easy to apply and efficient in the diagnosis of inconsistencies. A correlated vibroseis time-lapse 3D-seismic data set from n CO2-flood monitoring survey is used for demonstrating QC dlagnostles. An Important by-product of the QC workflow is establishing the number of layers for n refraction statics model in a data-driven graphical manner that capitalizes on the spatial coverage of the 3D seismic data. 相似文献
18.
基于各向异性AVO的裂缝弹性参数叠前反演方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于各向异性理论,将具有水平对称轴的高角度裂缝介质等效为HTI介质。首先,通过分析HTI介质反射界面的纵波反射系数公式,研究裂缝介质振幅随偏移距和方位角的变化特征,探索了方位各向异性介质弹性参数和各向异性参数的叠前反演方法。其次,为更好地估测介质的弹性参数:纵波阻抗IP、横波阻抗IS以及各向异性梯度Γ,对反射系数近似式进行了简化,同时对简化公式的精度进行了对比分析。最后,选取2D逆掩断层模型,利用褶积公式制作不同方位的合成地震道集,并对合成地震道集添加随机噪声(信噪比为2∶1),将其应用于方位AVO叠前反演算法试算中。结果表明,当信噪比为2时,方位AVO叠前反演所得纵波阻抗、横波阻抗及各向异性梯度的估测值与模型真实值基本吻合,而且估测值能够较准确地反映原始模型的地层特征,验证了方位AVO叠前反演算法的准确适用性。 相似文献
19.
王树威 《物探化探计算技术》2019,(4):547-553
地震勘探是解决煤系非常规气储层富集区预测的有效手段,结合黄土塬区工区实例介绍了煤系非常规气地震资料处理方法在该地区的应用研究。勘探区内地表沟谷纵横、起伏变化剧烈,地形较为复杂,根据地质任务要求进行煤系非常规气富集性的地震勘探预测,对AVO属性进行分析及波阻抗反演,因此进行地震资料保幅处理是其中重要的一个环节,需要在解决激发和接收条件不同带来的振幅和频率差异的的基础之上,同时得到较高的纵、横向分辨率。通过折射静校正和层析静校正的对比和分析,较好地解决了由于地表问题带来的野外静校正上的难题。通过精细的速度分析和剩余静校正技术,较好地解决了道集拉平问题,为后续AVO反演提供了借鉴。 相似文献
20.
地震分频AVO方法研究现状与展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
传统的AVO理论只考虑单界面两边的岩石物理特性,没有考虑地层厚度、其他波场以及油气藏中地震波的能量衰减和速度散射,在实际应用中还存在很多未解决的问题。实际地震波信息常常是地下多个砂泥岩薄互层的综合响应,每个薄层产生的地震反射信号经傅里叶变换后,在频率域都有一个与之相对应的特定频率成分,且这种频率成分在频率域是唯一的。将分频技术与AVO研究密切结合是有效解决薄互层气藏地震AVO识别的有效途径之一。简要介绍了AVO技术及传统AVO技术存在的问题,讨论了地震AVO与地震频率的关系,指出进行分频AVO分析的依据,并进一步讨论了时频分析方法。 相似文献