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广义逆平差理论及其应用——为中国测绘科学研究院五十华诞而作 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从广义逆矩阵基础知识出发,利用测量误差基本方程的特点,建立一套测量平差数学模型。用这套模型答解测量平差问题,作者将其称为广义逆平差法。此法与最小二乘平差法比较,其推导过程更简单、直观、易懂。文中讨论了各种平差方法的相互关系,给出了各种平差方法的统一模式,指出具有待估参数的平差方法,选择不同的参数近似值对平差结果产生不可忽视的影响,文中算例作了补充说明。 相似文献
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加权广义逆与秩亏网平差 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文叙述了加权广义逆矩阵的概念。由加权广义逆与线性方程组的解之间的关系,说明了三种秩亏网平差(普通秩亏网平差、拟稳平差、加权秩亏网平差)同属于加权秩亏网平差,只是它们各自选取了不同的权阵P_x,因此均可用加权广义逆来解释它。 相似文献
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本文选取了一个能概括各种平差方法的函数模型,即附有限制条件的条件平差模型,详细推导了该平差法的计算公式和精度评定公式,证明了其平差结果的统计性质。该方法的计算公式和精度评定公式可以应用于所有经典平差法和广义平差法,因此,可以称为平差的通用公式。为了说明由通用公式可以很方便地引出其他各种方法的公式的具体形式,本文又以经典条件平差、经典间接平差和广义平差中的滤波推估为例,从通用公式引出了这些方法的相应公式。 相似文献
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本文根据参数估计的原理，讨论在信号X和噪声Δ的协方差Cov（X，Δ）≠0的情况下的滤波问题。导出了更一般的“广义最小二乘原理”，并根据所导出的广义最小二乘原理，得到了滤波问题的最小二乘平差算法及最小二乘平差问题的滤波算法。 相似文献
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广义逆测站平差法的提出,对于分析变形观测控制网的点位稳定性提供了一个新的途径。该文讨论了广义逆法测站平差的原理及其计算的规律性,并以实例加以说明。 相似文献
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基于广义点理论的多基线影像钣金件3D重建与尺寸检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用沿CAD模型在影像中投影的外轮廓边缘点统计与最邻近直线广义点平差迭代相结合的方法，实现了钣金件初始方位的2D-3D自动定位。提出利用影像上的直线信息进行广义点平差，并基于多基线影像对工业钣金件进行高精度三维重建和尺寸误差检验，给出了带端点约束条件的多基线影像广义点摄影测量平差模型，并验证了其有效性。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献
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自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。 相似文献