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1.
陆丰凹陷是位于珠江口盆地珠Ⅰ坳陷内的富烃凹陷,凹陷南部地区古近系具有良好勘探潜力。以三维地震资料解释成果和钻井资料为基础,分析陆丰凹陷南部地区断裂发育特征及演化过程,明确断裂对油气运聚成藏的控制作用,划分油气成藏组合类型。陆丰凹陷南部发育3个半地堑结构的洼陷,分别受活动性较强的3条铲式边界断裂控制。断裂主要发育于古近纪,斜坡带部位发育密度大,平面优势走向由深层NEE向至浅层近S-N向偏转,断裂密集带自东向西迁移。断裂可分为三级,分别控制洼陷结构、局部构造带和构造圈闭的形成。依据活动期次可划分出文昌期活动断层、恩平期活动断层和文昌-恩平期活动断层。陆丰凹陷南部地区断裂控制着断鼻、断块及断背斜圈闭的形成,断裂与烃源岩的组合类型差异影响着油气运聚效率。综合油气富集层系、输导方式、断裂活动性及源-断组合类型等成藏要素,建立源内自生自储型、源内自生上储型、源外旁生侧储型和源外下生上储型等4类油气成藏组合类型,对下一步油气勘探实践具有理论指导意义。 相似文献
2.
本文详细描述了万安盆地形成演化进程中几期主要构造运动，以及各构造层内的构造样式，并对两者关系进行动力学成因解释。研究表明，万安盆地新生代主要有三期构造运动，早期的礼乐运动造就了现今盆地构造格局的最初雏型；稍后发生的西卫运动使早期的陆级张裂断陷范围进一步扩大，转化为渐新一中中新世的断坳沉积；而最终的万安运动则导致盆内地层强烈挤压、隆升剥蚀、产生构造反转、断块及褶皱、是盆内圈闭构造最发育的时期。伴随万 相似文献
3.
随着勘探程度不断加深,东海西湖凹陷保俶斜坡带全面进入了断层-岩性复合油气藏勘探阶段,位于保俶斜坡中北部的孔雀亭地区是复合油气藏有利发育区。通过对孔雀亭地区复合圈闭发育的构造沉积背景、断裂-古地貌的控砂作用以及分带、分层系油气成藏富集规律研究,明确了孔雀亭地区复合圈闭形成条件、发育模式及油气富集差异控制因素。认为孔雀亭地区西高东低的地貌背景、西部古隆起上发育的多条“U”型及“V”型沟谷,NE向断裂坡折及NW挠曲坡折共同控制了多条水系的平面发育特征及砂体展布,与NE向断层匹配形成了典型的断层-岩性复合圈闭,成为孔雀亭地区重要的勘探领域,取得了断层-岩性圈闭勘探突破。孔雀亭地区不同区带油气富集程度不同,圈闭与有效烃源岩距离、砂体规模、储层物性、断层封堵性等要素的匹配程度控制各带油气富集程度。中低带相对近源,断层未断至浅层,保存条件好,受断坡及挠曲坡折共控,为规模砂体卸载区,物性较好,油气相对最为富集,具有良好的勘探潜力。 相似文献
4.
万安盆地构造样式与圈闭发育特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文描述了万安盆地各构造层内的构造样式，总结了圈闭发育特征，研究表明：盆内形成了基底构造层（Ｔ５以下）主体构造层（Ｔ３－Ｔ５）和表层以构造层（Ｔ３以上）第三层构造层，各构造层内均发育有不同的构造样式，其中主体构造层内圈闭构造最发育，构造样式最丰富，认为最终的主要构造运动－万安运动（Ｔ３）是导致圈闭发育的主要原因，造成地层强裂挤压、隆长剥蚀、产生构造反转 、断块及褶皱。构造多期活动，因此部分构造样式 相似文献
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6.
《海洋地质前沿》2010,(11)
通过分析文安斜坡地质资料和大量高质量三维地震资料发现该区构造圈闭以断块圈闭和断鼻圈闭为主。圈闭的形成与发育受构造运动控制。孔店组—沙四段,燕山晚期构造运动对研究区圈闭的发育起重要的控制作用;沙三段—沙一段,喜马拉雅Ⅰ幕构造运动对圈闭的定型起主要作用;第四纪后,构造运动基本停止,圈闭不发育。构造圈闭主要形成于沙三段—沙二段沉积期的史各庄—苏桥垒堑式断裂构造带。构造油气藏有断块、断鼻、背斜、断背斜油气藏4类。孔店组—沙四段沉积期和沙三段—沙二段沉积期形成的圈闭最有利于成藏。冀中坳陷古生界构造油气藏的勘探应集中于新近纪形成的史各庄—苏桥构造带的中、西部和赵各庄—左各庄构造带中部的断块圈闭和断鼻圈闭。 相似文献
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下刚果—刚果扇盆地油气资源丰富、油气成藏条件优越。但由于受到盐岩的活动及区域构造应力场的作用,形成了复杂的断裂系统。此文系统分析了下刚果—刚果扇盆地的断裂特征及其对油气成藏的影响,研究认为该区平面上主要发育5个断裂带,纵向上主要发育上下两套断裂系统。断裂的形成和演化可分为三个期次,相对应可将断层分为三个级别的断层。断层的形成机制主要有盐活动及盐构造、重力滑脱作用以及古地貌格局。烃源岩的排烃时间与第三期断层活动时间相匹配,非常有利于油气沿断层进行垂向和斜侧向运移。分析认为研究区主要发育沿断阶带—碳酸盐岩运聚成藏模式、沿断层垂向运聚成藏模式以及沿盐下砂体—盐窗和Focus点运聚成藏模式共三种成藏模式。断层封堵较好,油源断层高度决定了油气运移高度和油气田规模,直接控制着油气的分布层系及规模。研究成果可指导研究区或类似地区的油气勘探。 相似文献
8.
南黄海盆地北部坳陷北凹是自晚白垩世发育起来的中、新生代凹陷,其凹陷结构具有北断南超、北深南浅的复式箕状特征。平面上可划分为北部断阶带、中部深凹带和南部斜坡带3个次级构造单元。断裂主要为正断层,局部发育少量逆断层,有EW向、NE向和NW向3组;活动时间上可分为早期、中期、晚期断裂;发育板式、铲式、坡坪式等多种类型断裂组合。根据断裂规模和对地层的控制作用,可将断裂分为3级,一级断裂控凹、二级断裂控区带、三级断裂控圈。控凹断裂(千里岩断裂)在凹陷中部断层活动速率最大,沉降快、沉积厚度较大,对应北部断阶带、中部深凹带核心区,在凹陷边缘、斜坡带则活动速率较低。构造演化受仪征、吴堡、真武、三垛4次构造运动事件控制,经历伸展张裂、裂后拗陷2个演化阶段,广泛接受上白垩统浦口组-泰州组,古近系古新统阜宁组,始新统戴南组、三垛组及新近系沉积。综合断裂体系、凹陷沉积充填与构造演化史,预测北凹油气成藏具有近源近断、复杂断块成藏的特点,深大断裂是油气运移和充注的关键因素,断阶带中部、深凹断鼻构造带紧邻生烃中心,发育一批有利构造圈闭,成藏配置条件较好,是有利勘探方向。 相似文献
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《海洋地质前沿》2017,(2)
胜顺油田位于渤海海域渤东凹陷东部斜坡带,近10年勘探处于停滞不前状态,勘探潜力及勘探方向不明,如何打开勘探局面成为当前面临的关键问题。研究区主要发育元古界、沙四段—孔店组、东营组及馆下段4套良好的储盖组合。利用地震、钻井等资料,对研究区断裂、圈闭、成藏条件进行了综合分析,落实了不同层系的勘探潜力。其中,元古界构造圈闭面积大,但储层非均质性强,内部构造复杂,可作为兼探层系;沙四段—孔店组具典型残留地层特征,岩性以火成岩为主,储层物性较差,勘探难度大;东营组和馆下段是本区主力勘探层系,受走滑断裂发育程度和规模的影响,构造圈闭表现为面积小、含油高度低的特点,地层超覆圈闭和断裂岩性圈闭具有较大勘探潜力。东营组底部不整合对油气大范围横向运移有重要作用;不同走向断层控制了油气富集差异。NNE向主油源断层+东营组底部不整合+NWW向次级油源断层构成了本区油气自西向东阶梯式运移的立体输导网络。依据油气运聚规律认识,近期突破应优先考虑近源勘探。 相似文献
10.
《海洋地质前沿》2016,(1)
南黄海盆地位于下扬子地台的东北部、郯庐断裂带以东的活动区内,是一个在前震旦系变质岩基底之上,经海相中—古生界、陆相中生界和新生界多期沉积叠覆而成的叠合盆地。近年来,在崂山隆起上的地震剖面获得了较好的深层反射,隆起上存在较连续分布、厚度超过4~5km的中生界—上古生界地层。但由于中—古生界海相地层的勘探程度低,制约着该区油气勘探的进程。通过地震资料解释,结合邻区钻井与区域地质资料,研究了崂山隆起区海相中—古生界地层的构造地质特征,结果表明,崂山隆起区以下志留统高家边组泥岩滑脱带为界划分为上下2套海相构造层,其形成演化受晋宁运动、广西运动、东吴运动以及印支运动等影响,经历了基底形成、被动边缘克拉通、稳定台地、抬升剥蚀及陆内造山阶段。其中海相上构造层假整合或不整合覆于海相下构造层之上,由于受后期印支、燕山等构造运动的强烈改造作用,造成其在崂山隆起区遭受强烈的隆升褶皱和剥蚀夷平,逆冲断裂广泛发育,并伴随着逆掩推覆和滑脱作用,上构造层的上部地层显著减薄甚至缺失,残留厚度变化较大。该区断裂发育较弱,主要有2组方向的断裂,一组为EW向断裂,这类断裂规模较大,但不发育;一组为NE向断裂。 相似文献
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通过对青东凹陷古近纪的断裂体系和主要同沉积断裂的活动和特征分析,表明区内主要发育NNE、EW、NW向三组断裂体系,NNE向的凹陷边界断裂青东1号断层和EW向的主要二级同沉积断层f1、f2控制了凹陷内次级构造单元的划分,凹陷由北向南依次划分为北部深洼、北部凸起、中部次洼、南部凸起、南部次洼、西南缘缓坡带以及东部陡坡带等7个次级构造单元。研究表明,凹陷内各洼陷的沉降中心在古近纪发生了明显的分异和迁移,这些变化受控于区内主要同沉积断裂的差异活动和演化,青东1号断裂和f3断裂在古近纪的持续活动共同控制了北部深洼的沉积充填,f1和f4断裂分别控制了中部次洼和南部次洼的发育;主要断裂的活动及其组合样式控制着湖底扇、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲等粗碎屑沉积体系的发育。与生油洼陷相邻的主要同沉积断裂形成的断裂带具备形成砂岩油气藏的各种有利条件,其中东部盆缘断裂带是区内砂岩油气藏勘探最有利的区带。 相似文献
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对琼东南盆地陆架区晚中新世以来的断层活动性进行研究, 有助于理解南海西北部晚中新世以来的构造演化, 也对该区钻井平台的安全性评估、海洋工程勘查以及区域稳定性评价等有重要意义。研究区断层走向主要为NWW向, 多数断层在晚中新世时期停止活动。通过对断层几何形态的统计分析以及使用高分辨率断层落差图法(T-Z图示法)对断层活动性进行量化分析, 结果显示: 断层活动性在晚中新世末期(5.5Ma)发生转变; 研究区南部的断层落差值大于北部; 南部断层停止活动的时间较北部断层稍晚。这些研究成果表明, 晚中新世末期研究区断层受构造应力变化的影响, 在生长发育过程中断层活动性质发生了改变, 由逆断层转为正断层。红河断裂带对琼东南盆地的构造演化起着重要的控制作用, 文章推测研究区断层活动性变化是由红河断裂带的构造反转所导致, 因为红河断裂带在5.5Ma时发生了走滑运动的反转, 与研究区的断层活动性变化在时间和性质上相耦合。 相似文献
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通过解释重新处理的曾母盆地多道地震数据,结合重、磁异常资料,对前人提出南海西缘最南部发育近S-N向“曾母西断裂”的分布区域进行了重新厘定,详细解释了曾母西断裂的构造特征,具体分析了其结构、组成和空间展布特征。确定曾母西断裂由①号断层和②号断层所构成,曾母西①号断层位于4°30′~7°N、109°30′~110°E,主断层面倾向ESE,走向NEN,其为康西坳陷的大型控边断层;曾母西②号断层分布于3°~5°N、109°30′~110°30′E,主断层面倾向NE,走向NNW,其为塔陶垒堑的大型控边断层,曾母西①号断裂往南的延伸终止于曾母西②号断裂。同时分析讨论了曾母西断裂的构造活动特征以及对曾母盆地沉积发育的控制作用。 相似文献
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Multiphase rifts tend to produce fault populations that evolve by the formation of new faults and reactivation of earlier faults. The resulting fault patterns tend to be complex and difficult to decipher. In this work we use seismic reflection data to examine the evolution of a normal fault network in the Oseberg Fault Block in the northern North Sea Rift System – a rift system that experienced Permian – Early Triassic and Middle Jurassic – Early Cretaceous rifting and exhibits N-S, NW-SE and NE-SW oriented faults.Both N-S- and NW-SE-striking faults were established during the Permian – Early Triassic rifting, as indicated by Triassic growth packages in their hanging walls. In contrast, the NE-SW-striking faults are younger, as they show no evidence of Permian – Early Triassic growth, and offset several N-S- and NW-SE-striking faults. Structural analysis show that a new population of NW-SE-striking faults formed in the Lower – Middle Jurassic (inter-rift period) together with reactivation of N-S-striking Permian – Early Triassic faults, indicating a NE-SW inter-rift extension direction.During the Middle Jurassic – Early Cretaceous rifting, faults of all orientations (N-S, NW-SE and NE-SW) were active. However, faults initiated during the Middle Jurassic – Early Cretaceous rifting show mainly N-S orientation, indicating E-W extension during this phase. These observations suggest a reorientation of the stress field from E-W during the Permian – Early Triassic rift phase to NE-SW during inter-rift fault growth and back to E-W during the Middle Jurassic – Early Cretaceous rift phase in the Oseberg area. Hence, the current study demonstrates that rift activity between established rift phases can locally develop faults with new orientations that add to the geometric and kinematic complexity of the final fault population. 相似文献
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Recent numerical modelling studies demonstrated how pre-existing (geologically older) fault geometries within a rock volume, strongly control both the distribution of strain and fluid flow patterns during extensional fault reactivation. Fault length is particularly important with larger faults tending to accommodate more strain than smaller faults in a given population. In this paper, we explore the effects of various pore fluid pressure gradients on strain distribution and fluid flow. Our 3D models consider a simple fault architecture, with four alternative initial pore pressure gradients based on case study data from the Timor Sea. The results indicate that, in addition to geometric factors, pore fluid pressure gradients have important effects on strain localisation and fluid flow behaviour during fault reactivation. Higher pore fluid pressure gradients lead to additional strain being accommodated and increased throws on larger faults. With lower initial pore fluid pressure gradients, less strain occurs on large faults and a greater portion of the bulk strain is partitioned onto smaller faults which develop relatively larger throws. Higher pore fluid pressures can temporarily lead to greater lateral fluid migration within the reservoir and greater upward fluid discharge along large reactivated faults. Local anomalous pore fluid pressures, such as a small lateral pore pressure gradient or local overpressure within a thin layer, do not strongly impact fault reactivation results. Only high overpressures in the whole regional system seem to markedly alter strain distribution during fault reactivation. 相似文献
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As worldwide hydrocarbon exploration has extended from shallowly to deeply buried strata, reservoir quality has attracted substantial and persistent interest in petroleum geology. In particular, deeply buried strata (>5500 m) in the Tarim Basin have attracted considerable attention because carbonate reservoirs that have experienced fracture or dissolution have also been shown to demonstrate considerable hydrocarbon potential. Therefore, it is necessary to determine how these reservoirs are developed and distributed in detail from both scientific and practical standpoints.In this paper, we address this issue using a case study in the southern Tahe area, which is contained within the largest Palaeozoic marine oilfield in China. In the northern Tahe area, mega-paleokarst systems developed in the Ordovician strata; however, the reservoir quality in the southern part of the Tahe area is relatively poor because it is covered by insoluble formations during karstification. Observations of cores and analyses of images of well logging demonstrate that these reservoirs are dominated by caves, vugs and fractures that have developed near faults. We speculate that the faults penetrating insoluble formations represent the main dissolution passages that originally developed these karstic fault systems. Additionally, we analyse a series of outcrops, seismic data, and structures to characterize the spatial geometry of these major faults and their surrounding fractures in detail. Most of these are strike-slip faults, and their subsequent reservoirs can be divided into three categories based on their development, including dendritic, sandwich and slab reservoirs. Recent studies demonstrate that karstic fault reservoirs are most common traps in the study area. Although various types of carbonate karstic fault reservoirs are represented in this region, the dendritic karstic fault reservoir is the most hydrocarbon-rich.Guided by these initial results, 108 wells were drilled from 2013 to 2014, producing 485 thousand tons of oil and yielding success ratios greater than 89%. The average production of dendritic reservoirs is 37.4 tons per day (t/d), while those of sandwich and slab types are 20.2 t/d and 14.0 t/d, respectively. These results represent significant references for future hydrocarbon exploration and the development of similar deeply buried karstic fault reservoirs in the Tarim Basin and elsewhere. 相似文献
17.
珠江三角洲的活动断裂主要为弱活动断裂,分别属于NW,NE和EW向三组断裂,活动断裂是控制该三角洲断块运动和地震活动的关键。珠江三角洲主要为区域稳定性中等地区。 相似文献
18.
The Fingerdjupet Subbasin in the southwestern Barents Sea sits in a key tectonic location between deep rifts in the west and more stable platform areas in the east. Its evolution is characterized by extensional reactivation of N-S and NNE-SSW faults with an older history of Late Permian and likely Carboniferous activity superimposed on Caledonian fabrics. Reactivations in the listric NNE-SSW Terningen Fault Complex accommodated a semi-regional rollover structure where the Fingerdjupet Subbasin developed in the hangingwall. In parallel, the Randi Fault Set developed from outer-arc extension and collapse of the rollover anticline.N-S to NNE-SSW faults and the presence of other fault trends indicate changes in the stress regime relating to tectonic activity in the North Atlantic and Arctic regions. A latest Triassic to Middle Jurassic extensional faulting event with E-W striking faults is linked to activity in the Hammerfest Basin. Cessation of extensional tectonics before the Late Jurassic in the Fingerdjupet Subbasin, however, suggests rifting became localized to the Hammerfest Basin. The Late Jurassic was a period of tectonic quiescence in the Fingerdjupet Subbasin before latest Jurassic to Hauterivian extensional faulting, which reactivated N-S and NNE-SSW faults. Barremian SE-prograding clinoforms filled the relief generated during this event before reaching the Bjarmeland Platform. High-angle NW-prograding clinoforms on the western Bjarmeland Platform are linked to Early Barremian uplift of the Loppa High. The Terningen Fault Complex and Randi Fault Set were again reactivated in the Aptian along with other major fault complexes in the SW Barents Sea, leading to subaerial exposure of local highs. This activity ceased by early Albian. Post-upper Albian strata were removed by late Cenozoic uplift and erosion, but later tectonic activity has both reactivated E-W and N-S/NNE-SSW faults and also established a NW-SE trend. 相似文献
19.
Structural analysis of the Indian Merge 3D seismic survey identified three populations of normal faults within the Exmouth Sub-basin of the North West Shelf volcanic margin of Australia. They comprise (1) latest-Triassic to Middle Jurassic N-NNE-trending normal faults (Fault Population I); (2) Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous NE-trending normal faults (Fault Population II); and (3) latest-Triassic to Early Cretaceous N-NNE faults (Fault Population III). Quantitative evaluation of >100 faults demonstrates that fault displacement occurred during two time periods (210–163 and 145–138 Ma) separated by ∼20 Myr of tectonic quiescence. Latest Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (145–138 Ma) evolution comprises magmatic addition and contemporaneous domal uplift ∼70 km wide characterised by ≥ 900 m of denudation. The areally restricted subcircular uplift centred on the southern edge of the extended continental promontory of the southern Exmouth Sub-basin supports latest Jurassic mantle plume upwelling that initiated progradation of the Barrow Delta. This polyphase and bimodal structural evolution impacts current hydrocarbon exploration rationale by defining the nature of latest Jurassic to Early Cretaceous fault nucleation and reactivation within the southern Exmouth Sub-basin. 相似文献
20.
渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷断裂控藏特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南堡凹陷为渤海湾盆地的一个新生代富生烃凹陷，内部断层十分发育，大量的油气藏都围绕断裂分布。根据断裂平面及剖面组合特征，断裂平面组合样式可分为4种：平行状、交织状、梳状和帚状；剖面组合分为3种：复“y”形组合、花状组合及阶梯式组合。根据断裂、砂体及油气藏的分布特征，发现二级和三级生长断层凹面储集厚度较大、且砂体孔渗性较好，是油气运移的主要方向。反向旋转断层组合的断层下盘和同向旋转断层组合的断层上盘是油气聚集的有利部位。但由于断层带的分带性，上诱导裂缝带相对下诱导裂缝带渗透性好。上诱导裂缝带利于油气运移，下诱导裂缝带利于封堵油气，油气的最有利聚集部位为反向旋转断层组合的下盘。 相似文献