共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 219 毫秒
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本文利用高频地波雷达获得的江苏如东海域大范围长期海流观测资料对苏北辐射沙洲南部烂沙洋海域夏季表层海流特征进行了分析。分析结果表明:研究海域表层海流靠近近岸一侧为往复流，流向总体上呈西北-东南向，靠近外海一侧为旋转流；海域潮流动力较为强劲，夏季表层海流实测最大流速达1.47 m/s，涨潮平均流速介于0.44~0.55 m/s，落潮平均流速介于0.38~0.52 m/s，海域西北部区域涨落潮平均流速明显大于其他区域；表层潮流为正规半日潮流，M2分潮为最主要分潮，其潮流椭圆长轴范围为0.57~0.71 m/s，远大于其他分潮，其次为S2分潮；该海域夏季表层余流呈现近岸大离岸小的分布趋势，余流流向基本指向近岸方向，从离岸到近岸余流流向呈现逆时针偏转。 相似文献
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基于MIKE FLOOD建立秦皇岛入海河流及其近岸海域一维、二维耦合河流-海岸水动力和水质模型,研究了秦皇岛海域和入海河流的水动力和污染物分布规律。结果表明:(1)海域潮流为半日潮,其中石河口南北支入海口流速变化过程差别较大,但水位变化过程基本一致;(2)整体上河流入海口化学需氧量(COD)与流速呈正相关关系;(3)COD在近岸海域的扩散方向与涨落潮潮流方向一致,各入海河口海域落潮流期间的COD高于涨潮流。如上结论为赤潮爆发机理和应急处置研究提供科学依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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采用二维平面潮流数值模拟的方法对董家口港区尾水排放口位置进行比选研究,预测4个拟选排污口分别在尾水正常排放和事故排放两种工况下各水质污染因子的环境影响范围,并结合水深、动力条件等因素最终选定最优排污口.结果表明:研究海区海流以潮流为主,潮流性质为半日潮流,潮流运动形式以往复流为主,旋转为辅,海域涨落急流向为SW—NE向,整体上西防波堤—LNG码头连线南侧海域的水动力条件较好.经数值模拟预测研究,位于西防波堤南侧的P4排污口所在海域水动力条件活跃,水深条件适宜,有利于物质扩散,且事故条件下对日照海域和日照西施舌种质资源保护区影响小,为较优尾水排放点.同时P4排污口所在海域执行三类水质标准,污水数值模拟结果显示该排污口各污染因子超三类水质标准的面积均小于0.742 km2,NS向扩散距离均小于0.34km,扩散趋势与潮流方向一致,有利于其污染物稀释扩散.本次模拟预测客观地反映了污染物排海后的浓度变化和运动规律,为尾水排海污染物进行总量控制及海洋环境开发管理规划提供了科学依据和技术保障. 相似文献
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近岸地区的潮流不对称影响着沉积物输运和地貌改变。南黄海辐射沙洲海域潮动力强且水动力环境复杂,分析研究该海域潮流不对称性对海岸带资源的开发与保护有长远意义。本文基于Delft3D模型模拟1984年、2014年不同岸线条件下辐射沙洲海域的潮汐潮流运动,结合调和分析与偏度理论,分析刻画了不同岸线条件下潮流不对称性的空间分布特征。研究表明：辐射沙洲海域地形主导的涨落潮流速不对称性（PCA）以涨潮占优为主导;涨落憩历时不对称性（SWA）则以涨憩历时短为主导。二者皆主要受半日分潮（M2、S2）和浅水分潮（M4、MS4）的非线形作用影响。1984–2014年岸线变动后PCA正负性不变,但强度进一步增大,最大变幅可达25%;而γSWA减小,最大减幅可达20%,SWA在辐射沙洲海域涨憩历时短的趋势增加。 相似文献
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基于第三代海浪模型SWAN,采用自嵌套的方法提供谱边界条件,对影响苏北辐射沙洲海域的一次冷空气过程和一次台风过程作用下的波浪进行了模拟。考虑到沙洲海域强潮水动力环境,分析了潮位和潮流的变化对该海域波浪的影响。结果表明,沙洲处波高和波周期受潮位影响显著,受潮流影响弱,具有潮周期起伏的特点,而波向受潮位潮流影响不显著;考虑高潮位后,以弶港为界,南北辐射沙洲波高显著增加的区域与波浪传播方向有关:波浪由北向南传播,相差不大,波浪由东向西传播,北部明显大于南部。 相似文献
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南黄海辐射沙洲区悬沙潮扩散规律数值研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在对南黄海辐射沙洲区的潮汐、潮流特征作进一步探讨的基础上,数值模拟了该区的悬沙潮扩散。根据计算结果,分析了计算海域悬沙含量在一个半日潮过程中随潮流场的瞬时变化规律,研究了不同地点悬沙含量与潮位、潮流的关系,总结了涨、落潮平均含沙量的平面分布规律。结果表明,该区的潮流场控制着悬沙的扩散、运移和分布,进而控制着海底地形的发育,尤其是辐射沙洲北大南小不对称格架的塑造与辐射沙洲根部的加积淤高。 相似文献
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在所建潮流场的基础上,建立了八所近岸海域拉格朗日余流模型及乎流——扩散输运模型。预测八所污水集中排海对海域水质的影响,选COD为有机物污染的指标因子,经多方案比较,提出推荐位置及相应位置下的最大允许排放量。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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