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1.
我国城市居民直接能耗的碳排放类型及影响因素 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
针对我国287个地级以上城市,在测算了近9年居民直接能耗导致的CO2排放量的基础上,进行聚类、对比,并分析城市居民直接能耗的碳排放影响因素,得到以下结论:全国分为6类城市居民直接能耗碳排放类型;高碳排放型城市的地均碳排放强度、人均工资碳排放强度及居民直接能耗CO2排放总量等方面均比低碳排放型城市高,人均地方生产总值碳排放强度低于低碳排放型城市,并多为经济发达城市和资源丰富城市,其碳排放构成上分别以电、交通能耗碳排放和气碳排放为主导,高碳排放型城市居民直接能耗CO2排放量占全国地级以上城市的86.20%。我国大部分地级城市居民直接能耗的碳排放属于相对低碳排放型,其人均CO2排放量低于全国平均水平。城市所在地的降温度日数(CDD)、采暖期、采暖强度、人均能源供给量、居民的人均工资、城市人均地方生产总值是影响城市居民直接能耗CO2排放量的主要因素。 相似文献
2.
崇明东滩湿地CO2 、CH4和N2O 排放的时空差异 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
通过静态暗箱—气相色谱法研究了长江口崇明东滩四类典型湿地(围垦湿地、高潮滩、中潮滩和低潮滩)CO2、CH4和N2O排放特征及影响因素。结果表明,在生长季尺度下,CO2、CH4和N2O均以排放为主;在昼夜尺度下,CO2和CH4在夜间排放量大于白昼排放量,而N2O的排放高峰出现在下午;在潮水退去、潮滩暴露初期,CH4和N2O有大量排放,CO2正好相反。崇明东滩温室气体排放通量自岸向海有明显的梯度变化,总体趋势是越近岸通量值越大。观测与实验表明,温度、潮汐、土壤理化性质、植物和土地利用变化都对温室气体排放通量有明显的影响,其中滨海潮滩湿地特有环境因子潮汐以"淹没—暴露"光滩沉积物的方式控制温室气体的排放。 相似文献
3.
巴丹吉林最高沙山区CO2浓度与昼夜变化规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为查明沙漠区CO2浓度和对大气CO2的影响以及在全球碳循环中的作用,利用红外CO2监测仪,在2009年5月对全球最高大的巴丹吉林诺尔图东大沙山等进行了17个钻孔CO2浓度的昼夜观测。结果表明,巴丹吉林大沙山不同观测点CO2浓度差异较大,各观测点CO2浓度变化在0.01%~0.075％之间;夜间沙层CO2浓度低,白天CO2浓度高;CO2浓度昼夜变化明显,从早7时到次日7时1~5m各深度CO2浓度均呈现由低到高再到低的变化规律;在24h内,沙层CO2浓度变化存在4个转折点,分别出现在凌晨5时、11时、18时和21时左右。在沙层水分一定的条件下,昼夜温度变化是造成沙层CO2浓度昼夜规律变化的主要原因,两者呈正相关关系;含水量较高的沙层CO2浓度明显高于含水量较低的沙层;5m深度以上沙层CO2浓度均高于地表空气CO2浓度,表明极端干旱的高大沙山区是CO2的来源区,也指示环境恶劣的裸露高大沙山区微生物活动产生的沙层CO2浓度仍然超过了大气CO2浓度。 相似文献
4.
我国农村生活能源中SO2、 NOX及TSP的排放量估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2004年我国不同省、市、自治区农村生活用能源的消耗量和不同燃料的污染物排放因子,估算了我国农村生活能源利用过程中的SO2、NOX、TSP排放量,并给出了分省区的排放清单和各省区不同燃料对三种污染物的贡献率,探讨了各地农村污染物排放量的影响因素。结果表明:全国农村生活能源所排放的SO2达530万吨,NOX 72万吨,TSP 390万吨。污染物排放以SO2和TSP为主,且各省、市、区污染物的排放量差别明显;各地不同能源类型对各污染物的贡献率差别较大,SO2主要来自燃煤,NOX主要来自秸秆和薪柴的燃烧,TSP主要来自秸秆的燃烧;农村生活能源结构影响其污染物排放。 相似文献
5.
中国各省甲烷排放量初步估算及空间分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
CH4是除CO2以外的最重要的温室气体,是大气中含量最丰富的有机痕量气体。估算我国甲烷排放量对控制温室气体的排放有着重要的意义。采用2006年IPCC清单指南推荐的温室气体清单编制方法,结合国内外研究成果,选取适合我国的排放因子,利用官方统计数据对2000～2005年我国各省煤炭开采、废弃物管理、生物质燃烧、水稻种植、牲畜反刍、粪便管理等排放源的排放量分别做了估算,并得到空间分布状况。结果表明:与1994年相比,我国甲烷排放总量有所增大,1994年排放总量为34287Gg(1Gg=106kg),至2005年增加到41493Gg,主要是煤炭开采甲烷排放量增加趋势最为明显,但是与我国GDP增加速度和能源使用量增加速度相比,我国的甲烷排放还是有所控制的。在空间分布上来看,各省排放量地区差异明显,CH4排放量较大的区域主要集中在我国的东北、华北以及西南地区,西北地区和部分直辖市排放量较低,另外各省排放源的配置也各不相同,主要与各区域排放源的变化有关。 相似文献
6.
散射辐射对西藏高原高寒草甸净生态系统CO2交换的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2003~2006年在当雄草原站用涡度相关法对西藏高原广泛分布的高寒草甸生态系统的碳通量和常规气象数据进行了连续观测。基于这些数据,根据净生态系统CO2交换量(NEE)对晴朗指数(k)和土壤温度的响应特征,分析了净生态系统CO2交换量与散射辐射之间的关系。依据地面接受的散射辐射量把天气划分为云隙天、晴天和多云天。结果表明,散射辐射不能提高西藏高原高寒草甸生态系统的碳吸收水平。该生态系统的碳收支过程主要受光合有效辐射控制,碳排放过程主要受土壤温度控制;且NEE随k的变化趋势受散射辐射的影响较小,生态系统碳收支更多地受太阳辐射对土壤强烈加温的影响。三种散射辐射天气条件下,NEE随k的变化趋势基本一致,先增加后减小;NEE达最大值时的土壤温度皆为15℃左右,k值皆为0.7~0.8。 相似文献
7.
中国各省区旅游业碳排放量初步估算及区域差异 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对能源消费导致的旅游业碳排放进行了初步估算,并在省级尺度上从总排放量、人均游客排放量和单位旅游收入碳排放量三个方面对中国各省(市、区)2001年~2009年的旅游业碳排放开展了研究,同时还利用标准差和变异系数分析了我国各省区旅游业碳排放差异的总体特征,以及运用可多层次分解的Theil系数分析了2001年~2009年我国旅游业碳排放时间尺度上的地带内、地带间和省际差异变化状况。研究表明:北京、上海和广东等地的旅游业碳排放总量、人均游客碳排放量和单位旅游收入碳排放量均较高,且平均增长率也均为正,因此这些地区的旅游业发展面临着更大的减排压力;我国各省区旅游业碳排放差异的总体特征是绝对差异在不断扩大,相对差异也呈不断上升的趋势,而就碳排放区域差异来看,我国各省区旅游业碳排放总体差异主要是由地带内差异引起的,而地带内差异又主要是来自东部地带的差异,并且东部地带内旅游业碳排放量区域差异很大,对于全国旅游业碳排放总体差异的影响也最为显著,而西部地带次之,中部地带最小。 相似文献
8.
河南省碳源碳汇的时空变化研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
碳源、碳汇是影响低碳发展的重要因素,由其形成的碳盈亏是区域低碳经济发展战略及政策制定的重要依据。本文基于能源消耗数据、主要工业产品产量,参考IPCC的碳排放标准,结合其他相关研究,计算了河南省能源消耗及水泥、钢铁、合成氨生产过程中产生的碳排放;在对研究区遥感影像处理的基础上,通过归一化植被指数(NDVI),将河南省的碳汇分为耕地、林地和草地,根据各种植被的碳排放和碳吸收系数,计算了河南省的碳汇及其变化,并对碳盈亏及其空间变化进行分析。结果表明：①研究期内,河南省碳排放及人均碳排放呈上升趋势,碳排放总量及人均碳排放年均分别增长11.22%和10.72%,而且空间差异明显,豫西、豫北、豫中地区人均碳排放相对较高,而豫南、豫东南地区则相对较低。②能源消耗是河南省的主要碳源,其碳排放量呈逐年增加趋势,但所占比重在不断下降;水泥、钢铁是除能源消耗外的另一种主要的排放源,其碳排放量及所占比重则呈逐年上升趋势。③河南省碳汇主要以林地和耕地为主,草地所占比重很小;全省碳汇呈减少趋势,2005-2013年期间减少了7.40%(47.05万t),年均减少5.88万t。④河南省总体上呈现碳亏状态,研究期内碳亏呈增长趋势,且碳亏的地区数量也在增加,总的来看,豫南、豫东南、豫西地区处于碳盈或弱碳亏状态,豫中及豫北地区处于较严重的碳亏状态。⑤河南省应通过改善能源结构、调整产业结构、优化用地布局等措施,减少碳源,增加碳汇,通过区域碳补偿或生态补偿等手段鼓励碳盈地区减源增汇,为低碳发展创造良好的外部环境。 相似文献
9.
最优增长路径下的中国碳排放估计 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
从能源消费、水泥生产和森林碳汇3 个方面对中国未来的碳排放进行了较为全面的估计。其中,能源消费碳排放是在能源-经济框架下利用经济动力学模型对最优经济增长路径下的能源需求进行预测得到的,同时考虑了能源结构的演化及不同能源品种在碳排放系数上存在的差异;水泥生产碳排放则是在对水泥产量预测的基础上进行的,认为水泥产量与城市化进程存在一定的联系,而城市化进程遵循“S曲线”发展规律;森林碳汇是通过引入CO2FIX模型,分别对原有森林与新增可造林的固碳能力进行估算,最终合成了中国未来的净碳排放曲线。结果发现,能源消费碳排放在2031 年达到高峰,为2637 MtC,对应的人均GDP低于OECD国家的实证经验;人均排放高峰出现在2030 年,为1.73 tC/人,远低于美国欧盟和日本2006 年水平;水泥生产碳排放增长放缓,2050 年控制在254 MtC左右,占工业总排放的12%;森林碳汇至2050 年可累计吸收6806.2 MtC,年吸收量逐渐下降;净排放也于2033 年达到峰值,为2748 MtC。 相似文献
10.
硫酸镁亚型盐湖老卤是MgCl2、MgSO4的饱和溶液体系,富集了Mg、B、Li等元素。本文针对含硼水盐体系热力学难以表达的问题,开展了硼在水盐体系存在形态及其平衡关系的研究。利用易于水解的Mg(BO2)2作为硼源,借助拉曼光谱和X射线衍射(XRD)为检测手段,定量研究Mg(BO2)2在MgSO4-H2O、MgSO4-MgCl2-H2O体系中水解硼物种转化规律。结果表明:(1)Mg(BO2)2在MgSO4溶液中的水解固相为MgB2O(OH)6、MgB4O7·9H2O和Mg(OH)2;在MgSO4-MgCl2-H2O溶液中水解固相为Mg2B6O11·15H2O、MgB4O7·9H2O、Mg2Cl(OH)3·4H2O。(2)Mg(BO2)2在MgSO4溶液中水解,液相硼物种主要有B3O3(OH)-4、B3O3(OH)52-、B(OH)-4、B4O5(OH)42-、H3BO3,其分布受MgSO4浓度影响很大,MgSO4浓度从0增加至饱和,B3O3(OH)-4始终占总硼量的50.07%以上,B3O3(OH)52-占液相总硼从4.77%上升至37.16%为第2化学物种。(3)在MgSO4-MgCl2-H2O溶液中,硼物种的主要形态有B3O3(OH)-4、B3O3(OH)52-、B(OH)-4,其分布 随[Cl22-]/([Cl22-]+[SO42-])变化很大,在MgCl2和MgSO4的共饱溶液中,分别占液相总硼量的58.91%,14.62%和12.81%。(4)液相硼物种之间平衡关系的活度商lnQ,不仅与溶液pH、水活度有关,还与MgSO4、MgCl2摩尔浓度呈二元线性关系,这样就可将硼在H3BO3-NaOH体系物种分布关系的lnQ扩展到 (MgSO4,MgCl2,MgSO4-MgCl2)水溶液的多元体系。由此获得硼物种的量化关系,可为推算硼在水盐体系的物种分布,进而计算含硼电解质溶液热力学性质提供依据。 相似文献
11.
Quantitative analysis of the impact factors of conventional energy carbon emissions in Kazakhstan based on LMDI decomposition and STIRPAT model 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Quantitative analysis of the impact factors in energy-related CO2 emissions serves as an important guide for reducing carbon emissions and building an environmentally-friendly society. This paper aims to use LMDI method and a modified STIRPAT model to research the conventional energy-related CO2 emissions in Kazakhstan after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The results show that the trajectory of CO2 emissions displayed U-shaped curve from 1992 to 2013. Based on the extended Kaya identity and additive LMDI method, we decomposed total CO2 emissions into four influencing factors. Of those, the economic active effect is the most influential factor driving CO2 emissions, which produced 110.86 Mt CO2 emissions, with a contribution rate of 43.92%. The second driving factor is the population effect, which led to 11.87 Mt CO2 emissions with a contribution rate of 4.7%. On the contrary, the energy intensity effect is the most inhibiting factor, which caused–110.90 Mt CO2 emissions with a contribution rate of–43.94%, followed by the energy carbon structure effect resulting in–18.76 Mt CO2 emissions with a contribution rate of–7.43%. In order to provide an in-depth examination of the change response between energy-related CO2 emissions and each impact factor, we construct a modified STIRPAT model based on ridge regression estimation. The results indicate that for every 1% increase in population size, economic activity, energy intensity and energy carbon structure, there is a subsequent increase in CO2 emissions of 3.13%, 0.41%, 0.30% and 0.63%, respectively. 相似文献
12.
Accurate and detailed accounting of energy-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is crucial to the evaluation of pressures on natural resources and the environment, as well as to the assignment of responsibility for emission reductions. However, previous emission inventories were usually production- or consumption-based accounting, and few studies have comprehensively documented the linkages among socio-economic activities and external transaction in urban areas. Therefore, we address this gap in proposing an analytical framework and accounting system with three dimensions of boundaries to comprehensively assess urban energy use and related CO2 emissions. The analytical framework depicted the input, transformation, transfer and discharge process of the carbon-based (fossil) energy flows through the complex urban ecosystems, and defined the accounting scopes and boundaries on the strength of ‘carbon footprint’ and ‘urban metabolism’. The accounting system highlighted the assessment for the transfer and discharge of socio-economic subsystems with different spatial boundaries. Three kinds methods applied to Beijing City explicitly exhibited the accounting characteristics. Our research firstly suggests that urban carbon-based energy metabolism can be used to analyze the process and structure of urban energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Secondly, three kinds of accounting methods use different benchmarks to estimate urban energy use and CO2 emissions with their distinct strength and weakness. Thirdly, the empirical analysis in Beijing City demonstrate that the three kinds of methods are complementary and give different insights to discuss urban energy-induced CO2 emissions reduction. We deduce a conclusion that carbon reductions responsibility can be assigned in the light of production, consumption and shared responsibility based principles. Overall, from perspective of the industrial and energy restructuring and the residential lifestyle changes, our results shed new light on the analysis on the evolutionary mechanism and pattern of urban energy-induced CO2 emissions with the combination of three kinds of methods. And the spatial structure adjustment and technical progress provides further elements for consideration about the scenarios of change in urban energy use and CO2 emissions. 相似文献
13.
Alex Singleton 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(2):256-273
Concerns have been raised in numerous countries over declining rates of active transport to school. In a UK context, the pupil-school commute is estimated to contribute around 658 kilotonnes of CO2 per year; however, tackling this issue effectively requires an improved understanding of how emissions can be modelled and mapped over a variety of scales. This paper implements a new estimation technique for the modelling of CO2 emissions linked with the school commute that integrates both transport network-level routing and geographically disaggregate vehicle emissions data. The model is then applied to a national cohort of pupils in England. Areas demonstrating the highest emissions were typically more rural and/or comprising more affluent resident populations. Emissions were also shown to increase with school year, with larger step changes between educational stages reflecting the different geography of school locations. Furthermore, where secondary school entry policies were selective or based on a religious domination, average emissions were typically higher than in non-selective schools. 相似文献
14.
Yan Yang Limao Wang Zhi Cao Chufu Mou Lei Shen Jianan Zhao Yebing Fang 《地理学报(英文版)》2017,27(6):711-730
Much attention is being given to estimating cement-related CO2 emissions in China. However, scant explicit and systematical exploration is being done on regional and national CO2 emission volumes. The aim of this work is therefore to provide an improved bottom-up spatial-integration system, relevant to CO2 emissions at factory level, to allow a more accurate estimation of the CO2 emissions from cement production. Based on this system, the sampling data of cement production lines were integrated as regional- and national-level information. The integration results showed that each ton of clinker produced 883 kg CO2, of which the process, fuel, and electricity emissions accounted for 58.70%, 35.97%, and 5.33%, respectively. The volume of CO2 emissions from clinker and cement production reached 1202 Mt and 1284 Mt, respectively, in 2013. A discrepancy was identified between the clinker emission factors relevant to the two main production processes (i.e., the new suspension preheating and pre-calcining kiln (NSP) and the vertical shaft kiln (VSK)), probably relevant to the energy efficiency of the two technologies. An analysis of the spatial characteristics indicated that the spatial distribution of the clinker emission factors mainly corresponded to that of the NSP process. The discrepancy of spatial pattern largely complied with the economic and population distribution pattern of China. The study could fill the knowledge gaps and provide role players with a useful spatial integration system that should facilitate the accurate estimation of carbon and corresponding regional mitigation strategies in China. 相似文献
15.
CO2 and temperature records at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, and other observation stations show that the correlation between CO2 and temperature is not significant. These stations are located away from big cities, and in various latitudes and hemispheres. But the correlation is significant in global mean data. Over the last five decades, CO2 has grown at an accelerating rate with no corresponding rise in temperature in the stations. This discrepancy indicates that CO2 probably is not the driving force of temperature change globally but only locally (mainly in big cities). We suggest that the Earth''s atmospheric concentration of CO2 is too low to drive global temperature change. Our empirical perception of the global warming record is due to the urban heat island effect:temperature rises in areas with rising population density and rising industrial activity. This effect mainly occurs in the areas with high population and intense human activities, and is not representative of global warming. Regions far from cities, such as the Mauna Loa highland, show no evident warming trend. The global monthly mean temperature calculated by record data, widely used by academic researchers, shows R2=0.765, a high degree of correlation with CO2. However, the R2 shows much less significance (mean R2=0.024) if calculated by each record for 188 selected stations over the world. This test suggests that the inflated high correlation between CO2 and temperature (mean R2=0.765-0.024=0.741) used in reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was very likely produced during data correction and processing. This untrue global monthly mean temperature has created a picture:human emission drives global warming. 相似文献
16.
Paweł Wiśniewski Mariusz Kistowski 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(2):123-136
Agriculture is often not included in the baseline greenhouse gas (GHG) emission inventories created for local low carbon economy plans in Poland and other European countries. We therefore estimate the size of the carbon footprint from agricultural sources and indicate the share of agriculture in the total GHG emissions in selected Polish communes (LAU level 2). We propose a solution whereby local government units can estimate their carbon footprint independently and monitor the impact of actions taken to reduce emissions. The value of the carbon footprint from agriculture in the selected communes varies from .5 to 46.5 thousand Mg CO2eq/year, with a mean value of 12.6 thousand Mg CO2eq/year and a standard deviation of 11.4 thousand Mg CO2eq/year. Per capita, these values range from 10 kg CO2eq/year to 8.4 Mg CO2eq/year, with a mean of 1.1 Mg CO2eq/year and a standard deviation of 1.5 Mg CO2eq/year. In all communes, the contribution of agriculture to total emissions is at an average of 14% (values range from .2 to 57.4%). The obtained results confirm the appropriateness of including emissions from the agricultural sector and other related sources in low carbon economy plans. 相似文献
17.
Lina Liu Jiansheng Qu Zhiqiang Zhang Jingjing Zeng Jinping Wang Liping Dong Huijuan Pei Qin Liao 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(10):1467-1484
Household CO2 emissions were increasing due to rapid economic growth and different household lifestyle. We assessed per capita household CO2 emissions (PHCEs) based on different household consuming demands (including clothing, food, residence, transportation and service) by using provincial capital city level survey data in China. The results showed that: (1) there was a declining trend moving from eastward to westward as well as moving from northward to southward in the distribution of PHCEs. (2) PHCEs from residence demand were the largest which accounted for 44% of the total. (3) Correlation analysis and spatial analysis (Spatial Lag Model (SLM) and Spatial Error Model (SEM)) were used to evaluate the complex determinants of PHCEs. Per capita income (PI) and household size (HS) were analyzed as the key influencing factors. We concluded that PHCEs would increase by 0.2951% and decrease by 0.5114% for every 1% increase in PI and HS, respectively. According to the results, policy-makers should consider household consuming demand, income disparity and household size on the variations of PHCEs. The urgency was to improve technology and change household consuming lifestyle to reduce PHCEs. 相似文献
18.
Service accessibility and urban transportation choices are crucial in cities' endeavours for securing social equality and environmental sustainability. They are particularly relevant when the public service network is to be rationalized. In this paper we provide a practical example of comparing the impacts of current varying service allocation strategies on travel behaviour and the resulting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. We take libraries as a local public service to examine the CO2 emissions resulting from residents' library trips in the capital region of Finland. Our analyses are based on data on library use (library loan database, N = 420,000), accessibility (comparable models of travel-time by car, public transportation and non-motorized transport) and customer transport choices (survey, n = 584). Our results show that (1) 52% of library customers use a library that is accessible from their home with minimum CO2 emissions (the “climate-optimal” facility provider), (2) the remaining 48% that choose a non-optimal facility provider produce nearly 90% of the total CO2-emissions related to library customer flows and (3) the service allocation strategies of the different municipalities lead to markedly different CO2-emission patterns resulting from service usage. To conclude, sustainability measures (in our case the CO2 burden) provide useful information on the impact of a service network structure which may be used alongside economic rationales. 相似文献
19.
Subsurface geologic strata have the potential to store billions of tons of anthropogenic CO2; therefore, geologic carbon sequestration can be an effective mitigation tool used to slow the rate at which levels of atmospheric
CO2 are increasing. Oil and gas reservoirs, coal beds, and saline reservoirs can be used for CO2 storage; however, it is difficult to assess and compare the relative storage capacities of these different settings. Typically,
CO2 emissions are reported in units of mass, which are not directly applicable to comparing the CO2 storage capacities of the various storage targets. However, if the emission values are recalculated to volumes per unit mass
(specific volume) then the volumes of geologic reservoirs necessary to store CO2 emissions from large point sources can be estimated. The factors necessary to convert the mass of CO2 emissions to geologic storage volume (referred to here as Specific Storage Volume or ‘SSV’) can be reported in units of cubic
meters, cubic feet, and petroleum barrels. The SSVs can be used to estimate the reservoir volume needed to store CO2 produced over the lifetime of an individual point source, and to identify CO2 storage targets of sufficient size to meet the demand from that given point source. These storage volumes also can then be
projected onto the land surface to outline a representative “footprint,” which marks the areal extent of storage. This footprint
can be compared with the terrestrial carbon sequestration capacity of the same land area. The overall utility of this application
is that the total storage capacity of any given parcel of land (from surface to basement) can be determined, and may assist
in making land management decisions. 相似文献
20.
中国钢铁产品国际贸易流与碳排放跨境转移 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
控制温室气体排放最终要落实到不同国家、不同行业之间的利益分配和责任分担,尤其是通过国际商品贸易转移的碳排放是在国家间分配排放配额时必须考虑的指标。基于中国钢铁产品国际贸易流的分析表明,中国在国际钢铁产品贸易中处于垂直产业内贸易的低端,中国具有比较优势的钢铁产品多为加工程度低、技术含量低、能源消耗强度大的初级产品。由于我国进出口钢铁产品在附加价值和能源消耗强度方面存在明显的差异,随着中国钢铁产品国际贸易规模的扩大,使大量CO2排放责任向中国净转移。我国学者应以更加积极的姿态参与到国际谈判、国际规则的制订中,从产品生产者和消费者两个层面合理界定中国在全球温室气体减排中的责任,力争在气候变化国际谈判中确保中国的经济贸易利益。 相似文献