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山东省胶东半岛两次疑难历史地震的考证 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
山东省的胶东半岛历史悠久,是我国文化发展较早的地区之一。根据有关史料的记载,该区曾发生过１０４６年,４９５年虞丘山两次历史地震。但在确定地震参数时,由于历史原因,对史料中记载的“虞丘山”的位置说法不一,因而,对这两次地震的震中位置和震级存在不同的意见。 相似文献
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1779年春在内蒙古哲里木盟库伦发生一次历史强震.本文简述了对这次地震做的现场考察和史料考证,并对震中位置和震级做了初步讨论. 相似文献
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原始性地震资料(史料)蕴涵着大量的地震科学信息.针对目前原始性地震资料(史料)存储的分散、纸介质老化破损、无法进行计算机网络发布和传播等问题,本项目在广泛收集20世纪山东及近海10次5级以上地震的原始性地震资料(史料)的基础上,采用数字摄影、计算机数字化扫描技术、计算机图像编译等技术,借以形成原始性地震资料(史料)的计算机数字化图像文件;同时将原始性地震资料(史料)的发掘、抢救与地震基本现象、基本知识的归类整合相结合,将原始性地震资料(史料)计算机数字化电子载体存储与地震科普相结合,编制出《20世纪山东十大地震》画册,解决了原始性地震资料(史料)由纸介质存储向数字化电子载体存储的技术进步问题,实现了计算机网络发布和传递. 相似文献
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根据史料记载,各种地震目录均将东汉灵帝光和三年秋(公元180年)表氏地震震中定在甘肃省高台县西(39.4°N,99.5°E),震中烈度Ⅹ度,震级7(1/2).本文通过对历史地震资料的重新考证和表氏新旧县城遗址的实地考察,对公元180年表氏地震的震中位置作了如下修正:震前的表氏县城位于甘肃省肃南县明花区新墩子城,也应是震中所在地,其地理位置为39.6°N、99.3°E,精度2类;震后重建的县城在今骆驼城或草沟井城.通过对史料震害的认真分析,并将本次地震与两汉时期8次6(1/2)级以上地震及高台附近地区9次地震的地震参数、震害和波及范围进行对照,最终将震中烈度修正为Ⅸ—Ⅹ度,震级修正为7级. 相似文献
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根据史料考证并分析了1888年渤海7 1/4级地震震群的时空分布,及地震序列、震中位置、震级,其结果此次地震为具有前震和余震的主震型地震。 相似文献
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渤海海域中小地震定量分析结果显示，渤海中存在多个地震密集区. 地震密集多呈NE向分布，但也确有NW向活动存在. 大致以39deg;N为界，渤海南部与北部的地震活动差异悬殊，几乎所有的强震和中小地震密集都集中于南部. 综合史料和中小地震密集特征， 对公元1548年震中位置进行了校订，对1888年地震的震级进行了讨论. 探讨了173年地震事件作为一次地震海啸的可能性. 对1597年地震事件作为一次渤海强震提出了质疑. 相似文献
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查阅了岳州府及其邻近地区以及两湖接壤地区的大量相关史料,并对其进行了鉴别和查证。通过鉴别,推断隆庆岳州府志关于1556年岳阳地震的记载比较准确。岳州(今岳阳)所属地区记载的地震为有感,强度不大。在查阅历史资料时,对无地震记载的情况采用以下地震缺失原则进行判断:1)待查史志上必须有其它地震的记载;2)待查事件发生前后史志上有其它灾害的记载。根据该原则确定通山、通城、蒲圻、崇阳、公安、石首等地在嘉靖三十四年确实无地震记载。考证了陕西华县地震与湖南岳阳地震的关系,表明岳阳地震是一次独立地震,而不是1556年华县地震的影响。最后根据地方志的记载确定了岳阳地震的震中位置和震级 相似文献
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Amr Z. Hamouda 《Acta Geophysica》2010,58(4):687-704
The historical tsunamigenic event of 21 July AD 365 destroyed several coastal locations in the Eastern Mediterranean region.
The foremost destructive impacts were recorded in Crete and Egypt. The present study re-examines the effect of location, direction,
height and time of travel of the tsunami towards the Egyptian coast. Evidently, this tsunamigenic event is related to an earthquake
which is identified with a Hellenic Arc subduction-zone event of great magnitude, M > 8, as manifested by up to 9 m uplift
in western Crete. The maximum run-up height distribution in the front of the Nile Delta was about 9.5 m in Alexandria, while
those of the neighboring cities were 7.1 m, 4.9 m, and 1.9 m at Rashid, Damietta and El-Arish, respectively. Data obtained
from this study is essential to evaluate the tsunami hazards along the Egyptian coast. 相似文献
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1590年7月7日甘肃永靖东南地震考证 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
公元1590年7月,在甘肃临洮附近有破坏性历史地震记载"……坏城廓庐舍,压死人畜无算"。同月,青海东部的冰沟城(今乐都县东北)也因地震而城崩。在过去出版的地震目录中,均按两次地震列出,分别称为甘肃临洮51/2级地震,震中烈度Ⅶ度;青海乐都5级地震,震中烈度Ⅵ度。根据史料考证和现场调查结果,综合分析认为,上述两次地震很有可能为同一次地震,其震中位于甘肃永靖东南的马衔山区,震中烈度达Ⅷ—Ⅸ度,震级61/2级左右,其发震构造很可能为兰州马衔山北缘断裂带的中西段。 相似文献
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公元前7年内蒙古包头地区8级地震的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
公元前7年11月11日(汉成帝绥和二年九月丙辰)地震, 由于历史文献记载的不确定性, 长期存在分歧, 也没有学者开展过调查研究, 中国地震目录均未收入. 考古发现包头市麻池周边汉代部分木椁墓中木椁四周填塞的碎砖瓦陶片及文字瓦当, 是房屋毁坏以后的建筑垃圾和日用陶器残片的混合物, 这些房屋是在公元前52年(甘露二年)到公元前33年(竞宁元年)以后在麻池古城(汉五原郡)建成的. 上述房屋的毁坏发生在西汉晚期的墓葬稍前. 房屋毁坏的原因, 可排除自然因素、 战争及人为破坏, 更可能是由于突发性的地震灾害所致. 公元前7年地震正好发生在这一时期, 并使北边郡国30余处坏城郭, 凡压杀400余人. 根据木椁四周填塞碎砖瓦陶片的汉墓分析, 麻池古城房屋、 殿堂遭受严重破坏, 死亡人数达200人以上, 地震及其它天灾人祸, 使麻池古城逐渐衰退, 最后荒废. 结合大青山山前断裂所形成的距今2 000年前的地震形变带遗迹综合分析, 公元前7年11月11日地震宏观震中在麻池一带, 震中烈度为Ⅹ度, 震级达8级, 命名为内蒙古包头8级地震. 相似文献
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Usu volcano has erupted nine times since 1663. Most eruptive events started with an explosive eruption, which was followed by the formation of lava domes. However, the ages of several summit lava domes and craters remain uncertain. The petrological features of tephra deposits erupted from 1663 to 1853 are known to change systematically. In this study, we correlated lavas with tephras under the assumption that lava and tephra samples from the same event would have similar petrological features. Although the initial explosive eruption in 1663 was not accompanied by lava effusion, lava dome or cryptodome formation was associated with subsequent explosive eruptions. We inferred the location of the vent associated with each event from the location of the associated lava dome and the pyroclastic flow deposit distribution and found that the position of the active vent within the summit caldera differed for each eruption from the late 17th through the 19th century. Moreover, we identified a previously unrecognized lava dome produced by a late 17th century eruption; this dome was largely destroyed by an explosive eruption in 1822 and was replaced by a new lava dome during a later stage of the 1822 event at nearly the same place as the destroyed dome. This new interpretation of the sequence of events is consistent with historical sketches and documents. Our results show that petrological correlation, together with geological evidence, is useful not only for reconstructing volcanic eruption sequences but also for gaining insight into future potential disasters. 相似文献
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Integrated geological, geodetic and marine geophysical data provide evidence of active deformation in south-western Sicily, in an area spatially coincident with the macroseismic zone of the destructive 1968 Belice earthquake sequence. Even though the sequence represents the strongest seismic event recorded in Western Sicily in historical times, focal solutions provided by different authors are inconclusive on possible faulting mechanism, which ranges from thrusting to transpression, and the seismogenic source is still undefined. Interferometric (DInSAR) observations reveal a differential ground motion on a SW–NE alignment between Campobello di Mazara and Castelvetrano (CCA), located just west of the maximum macroseismic sector. In addition, new GPS campaign-mode data acquired across the CCA alignment documents NW–SE contractional strain accumulation. Morphostructural analysis allowed to associate the alignment detected through geodetic measurements with a topographic offset of Pleistocene marine sediments. The on-land data were complemented by new high-resolution marine geophysical surveys, which indicate recent contraction on the offshore extension of the CCA alignment. The discovery of archaeological remains displaced by a thrust fault associated with the alignment provided the first likely surface evidence of coseismic and/or aseismic deformation related to a seismogenic source in the area. Results of the integrated study supports the contention that oblique thrusting and folding in response to NW–SE oriented contraction is still active. Although we are not able to associate the CCA alignment to the 1968 seismic sequence or to the historical earthquakes that destroyed the ancient Greek city of Selinunte, located on the nearby coastline, our result must be incorporated in the seismic hazard evaluation of this densely populated area of Sicily. 相似文献
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1668年7月25日晚（康熙七二年六月十七日戌时）在山东南部发生了一次旷古未有的特大地震,震级为8％,极震区位于山东省郯城。郯城大震是震害史料记载最为丰富的历史大震之一,随着我国对特大地震研究的不断深入,在资料丰富、史料记载最全,研究程度较高的基础上,有条件作为典型震例且进行深入研究。本文依据大量的史料记载对具有重大影响力的历史强震作一简要综述,供广大科研工作者参考。 相似文献
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Abstract The Easter 1998 flood was the largest flood event in the gauged record of many basins of the English Midlands. Flood frequency analysis, using such gauged records only, placed the 1998 event at a return period of over 100 years on several basins. However a review of historical (pre-gauged) flooding on some rivers gives a different perspective. Examples are given of the use of historical flood information on the River Leam, the River Wreake at Melton Mowbray, the River Sence (tributary to the River Soar) and the River Frome at Stroud. The cost of acquiring such historical flood data is trivial in comparison to gauged data, but the benefits are demonstrated as significant. In particular, historical flood data provide a better basis for risk assessment and planning on flood plains through revised estimates of flood discharge and depth. 相似文献
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对公元前179年(汉文帝前元元年)"齐楚地震"的基本参数一直有不同认识,属于疑难历史地震。在吸收西汉政区研究成果的基础上,深入分析了地震史料隐含的约束条件,对这次地震震中位置进行了考证。提出了以齐楚边界和国都连线为基点,结合史料给出的有关约束条件,综合确定震中位置的技术方案。同时,依据地震地质调查成果,从发震构造角度论证了震中位置的合理性。1)鉴于西汉时期政权更迭频繁,通过追踪西汉初期(尤其是汉文帝前元元年前后)齐、楚政区变化情况,尽力复原当时的行政区划和齐楚两国边界分布。2)认真分析史料记载的"齐楚地震,二十九山同日崩,大水溃出"所指示的地区范围,对比历史上其他震例造成的破坏现象的空间分布以及破坏程度,为震中位置和震级确定提供重要约束条件。经文献考证认为,这次地震可定为公元前179年6月6日平邑南(35.2°N,117.6°E)7级地震。3)结合卫星影像判读和野外地震地质调查资料,分析研究了"齐楚地震"所在地区的地质构造特点和活动断裂发育情况。在排除该地震事件属于郯庐断裂带地震事件后,通过对比分析郯庐断裂带西侧发育的各条NW向断裂的构造地貌以及剖面表现,认为苍尼断裂可能是"齐楚地震"的发震断裂。在震中附近,苍尼断裂控制着白彦断陷盆地的发育,也是断层地貌最为清楚的地方,断错的地层最新,断层运动量也最大。 相似文献