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东准噶尔地区板块构造特征及演化 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
该文根据区域地质构造特征、蛇绿岩带产出状态及地球物理资料等，划分东准噶尔及其邻区板块和次级构造单元，并探讨东准噶尔地区基底性质，从而揭示了东准噶尔板块由早古生代的大洋环境向晚古生代的大陆边缘至陆壳的演化历程和造山模式。 相似文献
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王宗秀 李春麟 Pak Nikolai Ivleva Elen 余心起 周高 肖伟峰 韩淑琴 Halilov Zailabidin Takenov Nurgazy 鄢犀利 《中国地质》2017,44(4):623-641
西天山造山带位于哈萨克斯坦—准噶尔板块与卡拉库姆—塔里木板块的结合部,是由一系列前寒武纪微陆块、古生代洋壳残片及陆缘弧相互拼贴而成的多聚合带、多成矿带,其独特的造山-成矿过程受到了国内外的广泛关注。本文通过构造单元划分与编图,建立了古生代西天山造山带的构造格架,认为古生代西天山造山带的构造演化依次经历了:罗迪尼亚大陆裂解与北天山早古生代多岛洋盆形成阶段(Z-O_2),北天山早古生代多岛洋盆闭合与南天山洋盆开始形成阶段(O_3-S),南、北天山洋晚古生代洋盆形成与发展阶段(D-C_1),南、北天山晚古生代洋盆全面闭合与天山碰撞造山带形成阶段(C1-C_2)和碰撞后板内演化阶段(C_2-P)。 相似文献
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新疆准噶尔晚古生代陆壳垂向生长（Ⅰ）——后碰撞深成岩浆活动的时限 总被引：71，自引：56，他引：71
准噶尔是新疆北部古生代造山带的重要组成部分，以广泛发育晚古生代后碰撞花岗岩为特征，是中亚造山带中显生宙陆壳生长作用非常显著的地区之一。根据新近获得的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄，并参考已经发表的锆石U-Pb年龄，本文重新厘定了准噶尔晚古生代后碰撞深成岩浆活动的时限。按照最新的国际地质年表中石炭纪和二叠纪划分方案（Gradstein et a1．，2004），准噶尔后碰撞深成岩浆活动是从早石炭世中-晚维宪期开始、于早二叠世末期结束的。东准噶尔后碰撞深成岩浆活动发生在330-265Ma之间，而西准噶尔后碰撞深成岩浆活动的时限在340-275Ma之间，持续时间分别约65Ma。但是，在东准噶尔，后碰撞深成岩浆活动集中在330～310Ma和305～280Ma两个时段发生，而在西准噶尔，后碰撞深成岩浆活动的高峰发生在310～295Ma之间。准噶尔晚古生代后碰撞深成岩浆活动在空间上没有受到重要地质界线（如蛇绿岩带）的分隔控制，在有的地方花岗岩还可以侵位在蛇绿岩带之中。而晚古生代后碰撞深成岩浆活动不但在准噶尔分布广泛，而且在准噶尔北邻的阿尔泰造山带和南邻的天山造山带中均有出现，具有广泛的区域性。 相似文献
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东准库布苏南岩体微量元素特征及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区库布苏南岩体以花岗闪长岩为主,稀土元素和微量元素地球化学研究表明,具有轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,随酸度的增加,óREE增加,?Eu值显著降低(1.03～0.25),K,Rb,Th大离子亲石元素明显富集,Rb,Th等不相容元素呈正异常,Ba,Zr等元素形成明显的谷.结合东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区晚古生代构造-岩浆演化过程分析,岩体形成于卡拉麦里造山带的大陆主碰撞后初始拉张阶段(300±10) Ma,属于后碰撞花岗岩.布苏南岩体记录了东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区"软碰撞"后陆内均衡调整过程,为建立东准噶尔地区构造格架和恢复岩浆演化事件提供了最有力的证据. 相似文献
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阿拉善地块处于华北克拉通,塔里木克拉通和祁连造山带的交汇处,其南缘古生代花岗岩广泛分布。结合近年来阿拉善南缘古生代花岗岩研究成果,从锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学等方面进行分析总结,认为阿拉善南缘早古生代花岗岩主要受控于祁连造山带的构造演化,其岩浆活动可分为两期,中奥陶世—早志留世和中志留世—早泥盆世,前者处于俯冲环境,后者为后碰撞伸展环境;晚古生代花岗岩仅零星出露于龙首山地区,岩石地球化学特征与宗乃山—沙拉扎山构造带花岗岩相似,与中亚造山带的构造演化相关。并对目前研究中存在的问题和未来研究的方向提出了建议。 相似文献
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东准噶尔构造带晚古生代地层时代的厘定及其对区域构造演化意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
新疆东准噶尔(东准)构造带晚古生代地层广泛出露,其沉积时限的精确限定对理解该地区及中亚造山带的构造框架具有深远意义。然而东准构造带的地层时代标定存在多种划分方案,分歧较大。依据自测的5个安山岩和9个砂岩的锆石U-Pb年龄以及收集整理的岩浆岩和砂岩的锆石U-Pb年龄约束,认为东准噶尔构造带地质体的形成时代主要在336~268Ma,336Ma地质体沿额尔齐斯、阿尔曼太和卡拉麦里构造带零星分布。原前石炭纪和原石炭纪海相地层主体属于石炭系宾夕法尼亚亚系,部分层段应为同期异相;原石炭纪陆相地层属于二叠系乌拉尔统。东准构造带晚古生代洋盆在晚石炭世同期碰撞拼贴,将其演化阶段分为400~336Ma次生洋盆同期俯冲阶段、336~300Ma洋盆最终闭合消亡阶段、300~270Ma后碰撞伸展阶段及二叠纪中晚期南缘湖相沉积阶段。 相似文献
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北疆地区阿尔曼太蛇绿岩锆石SHRIMP年龄及其大地构造意义 总被引：47，自引：2，他引：47
东准噶尔带阿尔曼太蛇绿岩是中亚造山带南部的重要构造单元,记录了古亚洲洋的演化,但其时代一直是学术界争论的焦点问题之一。本文报道阿尔曼太蛇绿岩中斜长花岗岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄。9组测试数据给出了较好的206Pb/238U年龄503±7Ma(MSWD=1.2)。结合相关大地构造解剖与前人的年龄数据,本文认为阿尔曼太蛇绿岩是古亚洲洋在晚寒武世-早奥陶世的残余,与岛弧火山岩组成洋内弧。该洋内弧向北拼贴到阿尔泰地体南缘,形成科迪勒拉型俯冲边缘。东准噶尔带是阿尔泰南缘在古生代向南增生的弧碰撞-增生造山带,对大陆侧向增生具有重要意义。 相似文献
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With aim of providing constraints on the Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB),an integrated study was conducted on the geochronological and geochemical data for dioritic,granitic and diabase dykes from the Aqishan-Yamansu belt in the eastern Tianshan,NW China.Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the dioritic and granitic dykes were both emplaced in the Late Carboniferous(~311 Ma and^315 Ma).The dioritic dykes show adakitic characteristics and have high Na2 O and positiveεHf(t)values(+12 to+17),which suggest an origin from partial melts of a subducted oceanic slab.The granitic dykes have high SiO2 and K2 O contents and are characterized by en riched light rare earth elements(LREE)and slightly flat heavy rare earth elements(HREE),with negative Eu and Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies.These dykes are alkali-calcic and show geochemical features of highly fractionated Itype granites.Their positiveεHf(t)values(+16 to+17)suggest that they were derived from a juvenile accreted oceanic crustal sou rce.The coeval diabase dykes have low SiO2 and K2 O contents but high TiO2,MgO and Mg#(54-59).They are enriched in LREE and show characteristics of enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts(E-MORB).The relatively high Ba/Th,slightly low Th/Ta ratios,and negative Nb-Ta anomalies imply a mantle source metasomatised by slab-derived fluids.Thus,these basic dykes were generated likely by partial melting of the upwelling asthenosphere mantle with a slight influence of slab-derived fluids.Therefore,we suggest that the formation of these Late Carboniferous dykes were triggered by a post-collisional slab breakoff and the Aqishan-Yamansu belt was a continental arc formed by southdipping subduction of the Kangguer oceanic plate. 相似文献
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准噶尔是新疆北部古生代造山带的重要组成部分,以广泛发育晚古生代花岗岩为特征,是中亚造山带总显生宙陆壳生长作用非常显著的地区之一。根据最新获得的LA-ICP-MSU-Pb锆石年龄,木斯塔巴岩体锆石年龄为(303±2.0) Ma(晚石炭世),岩石地球化学分析,岩石具高硅(66.04%~70.4%),高碱(2.26~2.87),高铝(13.25%~15.46%),高钾(3.4%~4.58%),低镁,A/CNK=1.06~1.22,低固结(6.34~12.87),高分异(78.35~84.5),富轻稀土(LREE/HREE=3.57~12.97)和大离子亲石元素K,Rb,Ba,Sr,亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,Ti,P,为过铝质高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩,具碰撞花岗岩特征,属额尔齐斯构造带的重要组成部分,其形成与板块俯冲作用关系密切。本区石炭纪花岗岩的数据与北准噶尔地区对比,显示晚石炭世额尔齐斯构造带闭合,进入后碰撞阶段。 相似文献
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东准噶尔北缘早石炭世构造体制转变:来自碱性花岗岩年代学和地球化学制约 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆东准噶尔北缘位于西伯利亚板块和哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块的结合部位,是中亚造山带的重要组成部分,也是新疆北部最重要的成矿带之一。老山口碱性花岗岩和乔夏哈拉碱性花岗岩即位于该区域,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示其结晶年龄分别为330.5±3.5 Ma和331.1±3.1 Ma。结合区域内存在的多处近同时期的碱性花岗岩(布尔根碱性花岗岩、哈腊苏碱性花岗斑岩、乌图布拉克碱性花岗岩),指示东准噶尔北缘存在一期重要的早石炭世碱性花岗岩岩浆活动,并大致可分为东、中、西三段。这些早石炭世碱性花岗岩具有高硅(SiO_2=67.14%~83.02%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=5.37%~10.73%)、低钛(TiO_2=0.04%~0.23%)、贫钙(CaO=0.04%~1.19%)的特征,与典型A型花岗岩特征相类似,成因类型上属A1型花岗岩,个别具有A2-A1型花岗岩过渡性质。微量元素组成具有富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb及高场强元素Nb、Zr、Hf、Th,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Eu、Ti的特征。轻稀土元素明显富集(LREE/HREE=3.42~8.11),具强烈的负Eu异常(δEu=0.03~0.74),稀土元素配分模式呈右倾海鸥型。岩石具有较高的ε_(Hf)(t)(7.6~12.4)和ε_(Nd)(t)值(5.4~6.9)。上述特征表明,这些碱性岩的母岩浆具有复杂的成因,推测为幔源岩浆底侵到下地壳,促使下地壳先存的富Nb玄武岩部分熔融,并发生岩浆混合,经过一定程度的分离结晶形成。综合本文数据及地质事实,我们认为东准噶尔北缘在358 Ma部分地区开始进入板内后造山伸展环境,即板内早期环境,但早石炭世(360~327 Ma)整体处于由后碰撞向板内后造山环境转化的过渡阶段。东准噶尔北缘东、中、西段进入板内环境的时间不尽相同,可能与其多俯冲岛弧系统拼贴增生时代的不均一性有关。 相似文献
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Highly fractionated I-type granites in NE China (II): isotopic geochemistry and implications for crustal growth in the Phanerozoic 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Fu-yuan Wu Bor-ming Jahn Simon A. Wilde Ching-Hua Lo Tzen-Fu Yui Qiang Lin Wen-chun Ge De-you Sun 《Lithos》2003,67(3-4):191-204
NE China is the easternmost part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The area is distinguished by widespread occurrence of Phanerozoic granitic rocks. In the companion paper (Part I), we established the Jurassic ages (184–137 Ma) for three granitic plutons: Xinhuatun, Lamashan and Yiershi. We also used geochemical data to argue that these rocks are highly fractionated I-type granites. In this paper, we present Sr–Nd–O isotope data of the three plutons and 32 additional samples to delineate the nature of their source, to determine the proportion of mantle to crustal components in the generation of the voluminous granitoids and to discuss crustal growth in the Phanerozoic.
Despite their difference in emplacement age, Sr–Nd isotopic analyses reveal that these Jurassic granites have common isotopic characteristics. They all have low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7045±0.0015), positive Nd(T) values (+1.3 to +2.8), and young Sm–Nd model ages (720–840 Ma). These characteristics are indicative of juvenile nature for these granites. Other Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic granites in this region also show the same features. Sr–Nd and oxygen isotopic data suggest that the magmatic evolution of the granites can be explained in terms of two-stage processes: (1) formation of parental magmas by melting of a relatively juvenile crust, which is probably a mixed lithology formed by pre-existing lower crust intruded or underplated by mantle-derived basaltic magma, and (2) extensive magmatic differentiation of the parental magmas in a slow cooling environment.
The widespread distribution of juvenile granitoids in NE China indicates a massive transfer of mantle material to the crust in a post-orogenic tectonic setting. Several recent studies have documented that juvenile granitoids of Paleozoic to Mesozoic ages are ubiquitous in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, hence suggesting a significant growth of the continental crust in the Phanerozoic. 相似文献
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《China Geology》2018,1(1):84-108
There are large volumes of the Phanerozoic granitoid rocks in China and neighboring areas. In recent years, numerous new and precise U-Pb zircon ages have been published for these granitoids, and define many important magmatic events, such as ca. 500 Ma granitoid events in the West Junggar, Altai orogens in the NW China, and Qinling orogen in the central China. These ages accurately constrain the time of important Early Paleozoic, Late Paleozoic, Early Mesozoic and Late Mesozoic magmatic events of the northern, central, western, southern and eastern orogenic Mountains in China. There occur various types of granitoids in China, such as calc-alkaline granite, alkali granite, highly-fractionated granite, leucogranite, adakite, and rapakivi granite. Rapakivi granites are not only typical Proterozoic as in the North China Craton, but were also emplaced during Paleozoic and Mesozoic in the Kunlun-Qinling orogen, a part of the China Central Orogenic Belt (CCOB). Nd-Hf isotopic tracing and mapping show that granitoids in the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) in China (or the Northern China Orogenic Belt) are characterized predominantly by juvenile sources. The juvenile crust in this orogenic domain accounts for over 50% by area, distinguishing it from other orogenic belts in the world, and those in central (e.g., Qinling), southwestern and eastern China. Based on a large amount of new age data, a preliminary granitoid and granitoid-tectonic maps of China have been preliminarily compiled, and an evolutionary framework of Phanerozoic granitoids in China and neighboring areas has been established from the view of assembly and breakup of continental blocks. Research ideas on granitoid tectonics has also been proposed and discussed. 相似文献
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西准噶尔是巨型中亚造山带的重要组成部分。该地区分布有多条蛇绿混杂岩带,其中达尔布特蛇绿混杂岩带被认为是西准噶尔规模最大的蛇绿混杂岩带,主要是以方辉橄榄岩为主的超镁铁质岩、镁铁质橄长岩、辉长(绿)岩,枕状熔岩、块状玄武岩及硅质岩。对达尔布特蛇绿混杂岩带中的块状玄武岩进行详细的岩石学、岩相学、同位素年代学及地球化学分析。结果表明,块状玄武岩的LA ICP MS锆石U Pb(加权平均206Pb/238U)年龄为(375±2) Ma,时代属于晚泥盆世。岩石SiO2质量分数为45.24%~49.86%,具有高镁、钛和碱的特征(w(MgO)=2.45%~6.85%,w(TiO2)=1.68%~3.74%,w(Na2O+K2O)=2.37%~5.34%),属于碱性玄武岩系列。碱性玄武岩具有典型洋岛玄武岩的稀土元素和微量元素模式,且相对富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th等。高场强元素Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta没有明显负异常,显示其来源于富集地幔,主要组成为尖晶石和石榴石二辉橄榄岩,并发生了5%~10%的部分熔融。结合研究区与碱性玄武岩伴生的沉积岩特征、前人资料及对比邻区同期火山岩,可知达尔布特蛇绿混杂岩碱性玄武岩形成于大洋板内与地幔柱有关的洋岛环境,即碱性玄武岩是晚泥盆世地幔柱活动的产物,暗示中亚造山带在晚泥盆世就有地幔柱活动。假若这里提出的晚泥盆世地幔柱模式是正确的,将意味着地幔柱活动在显生宙中亚造山带地壳增生过程中起到重要作用。 相似文献
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内蒙古东乌旗狠麦温都尔花岗岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
内蒙古东乌旗狠麦温都尔地区发育了大量的晚古生代花岗岩,主要岩石类型为二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明,二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩的成岩年龄分别为307.0±1.9 Ma和299.7±5.3 Ma,时代为晚石炭世—早二叠世。岩石地球化学特征显示,主要岩石的SiO2含量为65.65%~71.86%,具富碱(K2O+Na2O为9.59%~9.90%)、富钾(K2O/Na2O为1.00~1.73)的特点,准铝质(A/CNK为0.96~1.00),属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列;岩石富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,而亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti等元素;稀土元素总量为82.60×10-6~177.58×10-6,(La/Yb)N为4.13~15.37,配分曲线模式略微右倾,δEu为0.44~0.87,中等-弱负铕异常,具岛弧或后碰撞高钾钙碱性花岗岩的特征,结合岩石具块状构造、晶洞构造特征显示为后碰撞花岗岩。综上所述,认为狠麦温都尔高钾钙碱性花岗岩可能为后碰撞早期伸展阶段的产物,与华北板块和西伯利亚板块碰撞作用有关,这一认识为兴蒙造山带晚古生代构造岩浆演化及古亚洲洋闭合的时限提供了新的约束。 相似文献
18.
This paper presents age and geochemical data of a recently identified Late Paleozoic volcanic sequence in central Jilin Province, with aims to discuss the petrogenesis and to constrain the tectonic evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt in this area. Firstly, the volcanic rocks have zircon U-Pb ages of 290–270 Ma. Secondly, they are characterized by(a) ranging in composition from the low-K tholeiite series to high-K calc-alkaline series;(b) enrichment in light rare earth elements and depletion of heavy rare earth elements, with negative Eu anomalies; and(c) negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies. Finally, the volcanic rocks yield εHf(t) values of +7.1 to +17. These data suggest that the central Jilin volcanic rocks were possibly derived from predominant partial melting of a depleted lithospheric mantle that might have been modified by subducted slab–derived fluids. Combined with previous studies, the Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic magmatism in Central Jilin can be divided into two stages:(a) a volcanic arc stage(290–270 Ma) represented by low-K to high–K, tholeiite to calc–alkaline plutons and(b) a syn–collisional stage(260–240 Ma) represented by high-K calc–alkaline I-type granites. Furthermore, the timing and the tectonic setting of the above magmatic rocks show that the arc was probably produced by the northward subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and that the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred prior to the Early Triassic. 相似文献
19.
新疆西准噶尔红山岩体及其中闪长质岩墙的时代——来自锆石LA-ICP-MS定年的证据 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
作为一种特殊产状的岩浆岩,岩墙保存有岩浆活动和地球动力学背景等方面的重要信息。为了研究和探讨西准噶尔乃至中亚地区古生代晚期的地球动力学环境,我们对西准噶尔地区侵入花岗岩的暗色岩墙开展了卫星遥感影像解译、地表地质调查和相关室内研究工作。研究发现,新疆西准噶尔红山花岗岩体中发育大量环状和非环状闪长岩岩墙。环状岩墙从中心到外围,岩墙宽度逐渐变窄,矿物粒度也逐渐变细;非环状岩墙切割环状岩墙,宽度和矿物粒度都没有明显变化。为了确定这些岩墙的形成时代,对3个环状岩墙样品、2个非环状岩墙和1个花岗岩样品进行了锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年,得到环状岩墙的年龄为:304±1Ma、302±1Ma、303±1Ma;非环状岩墙的年龄为:302±1Ma、302±1Ma;花岗岩的年龄为304±1Ma。结合不同类型岩墙及其与岩体的穿切关系,确定红山岩体的形成时代为304Ma左右,环状岩墙的形成时代为303Ma左右,非环状岩墙的形成时代为302Ma左右。这一年代学研究成果揭示出西准噶尔地区在石炭纪末期发育不同类型的岩浆活动,闪长质岩墙所占据的裂隙是在石炭纪末期形成的;为从岩浆活动和由这些岩墙所占据的裂隙研究,探讨该区古生代晚期的地球动力学环境,提供了有力的时间约束。 相似文献