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泥浆与桩侧摩阻力关系的工程实例浅析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文通过工程实例，围绕提高桩的承载力阐明了钻孔灌注桩中，泥浆护壁对桩侧摩阻力的影响，为合理控制泥浆在灌注桩工程中的作用有很大的现实意义。 相似文献
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确定桩侧摩阻力曲线的约束样条拟合方法 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
本文给出了确定桩侧摩阻力曲线的约束样条拟合方法，并对一工程实例进行了分析。结果表明，所提出的方法在相当大程度上滤去了测量过程中的误差，减少了人为因素的影响，增加了摩阻力计算的可靠性。 相似文献
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以钻孔灌注桩周边与地层的有效结合，提高桩周摩阻力为目的，通过所施工的钻孔灌注桩基础工程实例，从钻进成孔工艺，缩短中间待灌时间，改善灌注方法等方面进行了综合分析，提出了一些具体作法和基本理论。所提出的基本作法，已在施工中得到应用，并取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
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桩身负摩阻力的现场测试与研究 总被引：31，自引：5，他引：31
某高速公路中桥桥台桩基础地层中有约１３ｍ厚的淤泥，在填土高４．５ｍ的情况下，对２根直径１．５ｍ，长２８ｍ的钢筋混凝土灌注桩进行了桩身应力，应变和桩周分层沉降的测试，测出中性点学术工和桩侧负摩阻力，通过实测值与设计预测值的比较，对各种计算和参数选取方法给以评价。 相似文献
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破裂井筒侧摩阻力分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据有效应力原理,对破裂井筒详细调查,建立由多个含、隔水层组成的厚表土底部固结沉降井壁侧摩阻力的概化模型。指出这类井壁不仅有负阻力,同时还有正阻力及零阻力井段,它们的分布决定了井壁挤压破裂及拉伸的部位。从有效应力的变化阐明了井壁破坏与降水季节的关系 相似文献
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考虑泥浆套不同形态的顶管管壁摩阻力计算公式 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
大直径、长距离顶管施工常通过注浆形成泥浆套来减小阻力,泥浆套的形态及其完整性对管壁摩阻力大小有决定性作用,现有摩阻力计算公式一般未考虑不同泥浆套形态对摩阻力的影响,计算结果与实际情况相差较大。根据不同施工状况对顶管外壁泥浆套的可能形态进行了分类及成因分析,提出了判断3种常见泥浆套形态的方法。利用半无限弹性体中柱形圆孔扩张理论探讨了注浆压力对泥浆套厚度的影响,结合非线性流体力学计算泥浆与管壁接触产生的摩阻力,最终采用挖掘面稳定假设,针对3种泥浆套形态提出了摩阻力计算公式。采用该方法对工程案例进行计算,计算结果与实测数据对比表明：现有摩阻力计算公式的计算结果过于保守,所提出的计算公式是合理和有效的。 相似文献
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掺入膨胀剂桩受力机理的试验研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对掺入膨胀剂的混凝土灌注桩受力机理进行了试验研究,通过对几组普通桩（不掺膨胀剂）和掺入膨胀剂的混凝土灌注桩试验结果分析,发现由于膨胀剂的膨胀作用,使灌注桩的承载性能发生了较大的变化,桩侧摩阻力和桩端阻力均得到提高;在相同荷载作用下,掺入膨胀剂的桩可明显减小桩顶沉降量,并使桩端阻力得以提前发挥。 相似文献
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土工格栅与土界面作用特性试验研究 总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5
土工格栅与土的界面摩擦特性指标是加筋土工程设计的关键。通过分析土工格栅与土的界面摩擦作用和进行了直剪摩擦试验和拉拔摩擦试验,测试了两种试验条件的界面摩擦特性。在两种试验条件下,土工格栅加筋土复合体的抗剪强度均有界面摩擦角φsq和界面凝聚力csq,且土工格栅与土相对位移量的不同,其复合体的强度机理有区别。在拉拔摩擦试验中,剪应力峰值强度对应的剪切变形值高于直剪摩擦试验中剪应力峰值强度的剪切变形值5～10倍以上。两种试验均有其适用性,而土与土工格栅的相对位移较小时直剪摩擦试验较能反映实际;土与土工格栅相对位移较大时土与格栅双面均发生相对位移,拉拔摩擦试验更为合适。随法向应力的增大,直剪摩擦和拉拔摩擦试验的剪应力峰值以及剪应力峰值对应的位移均提高。直剪摩擦的剪切速度小,剪应力峰值强度高,且达到峰值强度的剪切位移大;增加剪切速度,剪应力峰值强度降低,且对应的位移也减少,其原因是界面上的孔隙水压力消散和筋材的应力松弛。应根据具体工程的需要选择直剪摩擦试验和拉拔摩擦试验确定设计参数。 相似文献
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The friction and deformation behaviour of rock joints 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
H. J. Schneider 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》1976,8(3):169-184
SummaryThe Friction and Deformation Behaviour of Rock Joints The present investigation deals with the influence of joint roughness and material strength on the friction and deformation behaviour of rough indented joints. Besides the analytical determination of the joint roughness by the dilatation behaviour of the joint, friction tests on models with natural joint morphology and rock samples have been conducted.A material law is developed, describing the friction resistance and the dilatation behaviour at large deformations in their dependence on normal stress and material strength.
List of Symbols h dilatation - i deviation angle, dilatation angle - s shear deformation - residual friction angle - normal stress - F tensile strength - shear stress With 15 Figures 相似文献
ZusammenfassungDas Reibungs- und Verformungsverhalten von Klüften Die vorliegende Untersuchung war dem Einfluß der Kluftflächenunebenheit und der Materialfestigkeit auf das Reibungs- und Verformungsverhalten rauher, verzahnter Kluftflächen gewidmet.Neben der analytischen Bestimmung der Kluftflächenunebenheit anhand des Dilatationsverhaltens der Kluftfuge wurden Reibungsversuche an Modellkörpern mit natürlicher Kluftmorphologie und an Gesteinen durchgeführt. Es wird ein Stoffgesetz entwickelt, mit welchem der Reibungswiderstand und das Dilatationsverhalten in Abhängigkeit von der Normalspannung und der Materialfestigkeit bei längeren Gleitwegen beschrieben werden kann.
RésuméLe comportement des fissures au frottement et aux déformations La présente étude traite de l'influence de la rugosité d'une diaclase et de la résistance de la roche sur le comportement au frottement et aux déformations d'une fissure âpre et endentée. La rugosité de la fissure a été déterminée d'après la dilatation maximale. Des éssais de frottement ont été exécutés à l'aide de modèles ayant une surface de fissure naturelle et à l'aide d'échantillons de roche. Une loi a été développée qui décrit la resistancé au frottement et le comportement à la dilatation de la fissure pour de grandes déformations en fonction de la contrainte normale et de la résistance des matériaux.
List of Symbols h dilatation - i deviation angle, dilatation angle - s shear deformation - residual friction angle - normal stress - F tensile strength - shear stress With 15 Figures 相似文献
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A layered elastic model is adopted in the paper for the analysis of soil layering effects on the results of Cone Penetration Testing (CPT). Analytical solutions associated with the layered elastic CPT model and obtained via numerically integrating the fundamental singular solution for layered elastic solids due to the action of a body force concentrated on a circular ring. The soil layering effects on the CPT tip and friction resistance are examined in detail using the layered elastic CPT model. These examinations include parametric studies, influence of soil compressibility, comparisons with theoretical results given in the literature, verification with experimental data and simulation of field trial results. The examinations lead to the conclusions that the layered elastic CPT model can be used to analyse soil layering effects on CPT results and to estimate relative shear modulus strength of soil layers. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Three-dimensional mechanical modeling of large-scale crustal deformation in China constrained by the GPS velocity field 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
We present a quantitative model for the crustal movement in China with respect to the Eurasia plate by using the three-dimensional finite element code ADELI. The model consists of an elastoplastic upper lithosphere and a viscoelastic lower lithosphere. The lithosphere is supported by the hydrostatic pressure at its base. The India–Eurasia collision is modeled as a velocity boundary condition. Ten large-scale faults are introduced as Coulomb-type frictional zones in the modeling. The values for the root mean square (RMS) of the east and north velocity components differences (RMS(Ue) and RMS(Un)), which are between the observation and the prediction, are regarded as the measurements to evaluate our simulations. We model the long-term crustal deformation in China by adjusting the faults frictions ranged from 0.01 to 0.5 and considering the effects resulted from lithospheric viscosity variation and topographic loading. Our results suggest most of the large-scale faults frictions are not larger than 0.1, which is consistent with other large-scale faults such as the North Anatolian fault (Provost, A.S., Chery, J., Hassani, R., 2003. Three-dimensional mechanical modeling of the GPS velocity field along the North Anatolian fault. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 209, 361–377) and the San Andreas fault (Mount, V.S., Suppe, J., 1987. State of stress near the San Andreas fault: implications for wrench tectonics. Geology, 15, 1143–1146). Further, we examine the effects on the long-term crustal deformation in China of three causes: the large-scale faults, lithospheric viscosity structure and topographic loading. Results indicate that the lithospheric viscosity structure and the topographic loading have important influences on the crustal deformation in China, while the influences caused by the large-scale faults are small. Although our simulations satisfactorily reproduce the general picture of crustal movement in China, there is a poor agreement between the model and the observed GPS velocity field in Sichuan–Yunnan area. It may result from our simple models such as that the faults are all vertical from model surface to bottom and that the effects caused by the subduction of Burma slab are neglected. 相似文献
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该文对试验装置、试验材料、试验原理与操作进行了详细的描述，并对影响摩擦特性的几个主要因素进行了分析。 相似文献
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Naoyuki Kato Takashi Satoh Xinglin Lei Kiyohiko Yamamoto Tomowo Hirasawa 《Tectonophysics》1999,310(1-4):81-99
An experimental study of stick-slip is performed to examine the effect of a fault bend on the dynamic rupture propagation process. A granite sample used in the experiment has a pre-cut fault that is artificially bent by an angle of 5.6° at the center of the fault along strike, and accordingly the fault consists of two fault segments. The rupture propagation process during stick-slip instability is investigated by analyzing the records of shear strain and relative displacement measured with strain gauge sensors together with the hypocenters of AE (acoustic emission) events detected with piezoelectric transducers. The observed rupture propagation process of typical stick-slip events is as follows. (1) The dynamic rupture started on a fault segment is stopped near the fault bend. (2) The rupture propagation is restarted near the bend on the other fault segment 10.8 ms to 3.5 s after the stop of the first rupture. The delay time of the second rupture decreases with an increase in the slip amount of the first rupture or a decrease in the normal stress acting on the fault segment where the second rupture started. (3) The restarted rupture is not arrested by the presence of a fault bend, and slip occurs over the entire fault. We theoretically analyze the stress concentration near the fault bend to find that the normal stress produced by the preceding slip near the fault bend plays an important part in controlling the rupture propagation. A numerical simulation based on a rate- and state-dependent friction law is performed to interpret physically the retarded rupture in the experiment. The observed time interval of 10.8 ms to 3.5 s between the first rupture and the second is explained by the numerical simulation, suggesting that the rate- and state-dependence of rock friction is a possible mechanism for the retarded rupture on the fault. 相似文献
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We present an extended finite element (FE) approach for the simulation of slow‐rate frictional faulting in geologic media incorporating bulk plasticity and variable friction. The method allows the fault to pass through the interior of FEs without remeshing. The extended FE algorithm for frictional faulting, advocated in two recent articles, emanates from a variational equation formulated in terms of the relative displacement on the fault. In the present paper we consider the combined effects of bulk plasticity and variable friction in a two‐dimensional plane strain setting. Bulk plasticity is localized to the fault tip and could potentially be used as a predictor for the initiation and propagation of new faults. We utilize a variable velocity‐ and state‐dependent friction, known as the Dieterich–Ruina or ‘slowness’ law, formulated in a slip‐weakening format. The slip‐weakening/variable friction model is then time‐integrated according to the generalized trapezoidal rule. We present numerical examples demonstrating the convergence properties of a global Newton‐based iterative scheme, as well as illustrate some interesting properties of the variable friction model. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献