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1.
We present the methodologies adopted and the outcomes obtained in the analysis of landslide risk in the basin of the Arno
River (Central Italy) in the framework of a project sponsored by the Basin Authority of the Arno River, started in the year
2002 and completed at the beginning of 2005. In particular, a complete set of methods and applications for the assessment
of landslide susceptibility and risk are described and discussed.
A new landslide inventory of the whole area was realized, using conventional (aerial-photo interpretation and field surveys)
and non-conventional methods (e.g. remote sensing techniques such as DInSAR and PS-InSAR).
The great majority of the mapped mass movements are rotational slides (75%), solifluctions and other shallow slow movements
(17%) and flows (5%), while soil slips, and other rapid landslides, seem less frequent everywhere within the basin. The relationships
between landslide characteristics and environmental factors have been assessed through statistical analysis. As expected,
the results show a strong control of land cover, lithology and morphology on landslide occurrence. The landslide frequency-size
distribution shows a typical scaling behaviour already underlined in other landslide inventories worldwide. The assessment
of landslide hazard in terms of probability of occurrence in a given time, based for mapped landslides on direct and indirect
observations of the state of activity and recurrence time, has been extended to landslide-free areas through the application
of statistical methods implemented in an artificial neural network (ANN). Unique conditions units (UCU) were defined by the
map overlay of landslide preparatory factors (lithology, land cover, slope gradient, slope curvature and upslope contributing
area) and afterwards used to construct a series of model vectors for the training and test of the ANN. Various different ANNs
were selected throughout the basin, until each UCU was assigned a degree of membership to a susceptibility and a hazard class.
Model validation confirms that prediction results are very good, with an average percentage of correctly recognized mass movements
of about 85%. The analysis also revealed the existence of a large number of unmapped mass movements, thus contributing to
the completeness of the final inventory. Temporal hazard was estimated via the translation of state of activity in recurrence
time and hence probability of occurrence. The following intersection of hazard values with vulnerability and exposure figures,
obtained by reclassification of digital vector mapping at 1:10,000 scale, lead to the definition of risk values for each terrain
unit for different periods of time into the future. The final results of the research are now undergoing a process of integration
and implementation within land planning and risk prevention policies and practices at local and national level. 相似文献
2.
Assessing the hazard of potential landslides is crucial for developing mitigation strategies for landslide disasters. However, accurate assessment of landslide hazard is limited by the lack of landslide inventory maps and difficulty in determining landslide run-out distance. To address these issues, this study developed a novel method combining the InSAR technique with a depth-integrated model. Within this new framework, potential landslides are identified through InSAR and their potential impact areas are subsequently estimated using the depth-integrated model. To evaluate its capability, the proposed method was applied to a landslide event that occurred on November 3, 2018 in Baige village, Tibet, China. The simulated results show that the area with a probability of more than 50% to be affected by landslides matched the real trimlines of the landslide and that the accuracy of the proposed method reached 85.65%. Furthermore, the main deposit characteristics, such as the location of maximum deposit thickness and the main deposit area, could be captured by the proposed method. Potential landslides in the Baige region were also identified and evaluated. The results indicate that in the event of landslides, the collapsed mass has a high probability to block the Jinsha River. It is therefore necessary to implement field monitoring and prepare hazard mitigation strategies in advance. This study provides new insights for regional-scale landslide hazard management and further contributes to the implementation of landslide risk assessment and reduction activities.
相似文献3.
Landslide hazard or susceptibility assessment is based on the selection of relevant factors which play a role on the slope instability, and it is assumed that landslides will occur at similar conditions to those in the past. The selected statistical method compares parametric maps with the landslide inventory map, and results are then extrapolated to the entire evaluated territory with a final product of landslide hazard or susceptibility map. Elements at risk are defined and analyzed in relation with landslide hazard, and their vulnerability is thus established. The landslide risk map presents risk scenarios and expected financial losses caused by landslides, and it utilizes prognoses and analyses arising from the landslide hazard map. However, especially the risk scenarios for future in a selected area have a significant importance, the literature generally consists of the landslide susceptibility assessment and papers which attempt to assess and construct the map of the landslide risk are not prevail. In the paper presented herein, landslide hazard and risk assessment using bivariate statistical analysis was applied in the landslide area between Hlohovec and Sered?? cities in the south-western Slovakia, and methodology for the risk assessment was explained in detail. 相似文献
4.
全新世以来青藏高原东部巴塘断裂带活动强烈,地形地貌和地质构造复杂,历史地震频发,并诱发大量滑坡灾害。基于巴塘断裂带地震滑坡长期防控的需要,在分析区域地质灾害成灾背景和发育分布特征的基础上,采用Newmark模型完成了巴塘断裂带50年超越概率10%的潜在地震滑坡危险性预测评价,并完成地震滑坡危险性区划。结果表明:巴塘断裂带及其临近的金沙江断裂带区域、金沙江及其支流沿岸具有较高的潜在地震滑坡危险性,地震滑坡危险区具有沿断裂带和大江大河等峡谷区分布的总体趋势,受活动断裂和地形地貌影响显著;距离断层越近、坡度越大的斜坡,地震滑坡危险性越高;规划建设中的川藏铁路经巴塘县德达乡、白玉县沙马乡,向西北延伸,跨越金沙江,可以穿越较少的地震滑坡危险区,金沙江水电工程规划建设需加强潜在地震滑坡危害研判及防控。巴塘断裂带潜在地震滑坡危险性评价结果可为区域城镇开发和重大工程规划建设的地震滑坡长期防控提供科学参考。 相似文献
5.
Landslide risk assessment is often a difficult task due to the lack of temporal data on landslides and triggering events (frequency), run-out distance, landslide magnitude and vulnerability. The probability of occurrence of landslides is often very difficult to predict, as well as the expected magnitude of events, due to the limited data availability on past landslide activity. In this paper, a qualitative procedure for assessing the exposure of elements at risk is presented for an area of the Apulia region (Italy) where no temporal information on landslide occurrence is available. Given these limitations in data availability, it was not possible to produce a reliable landslide hazard map and, consequently, a risk map. The qualitative analysis was carried out using the spatial multi-criteria evaluation method in a global information system. A landslide susceptibility composite index map and four asset index maps (physical, social, economic and environmental) were generated separately through a hierarchical procedure of standardising and weighting. The four asset index maps were combined in order to obtain a qualitative weighted assets map, which, combined with the landslide susceptibility composite index map, has provided the final qualitative landslide exposure map. The resulting map represents the spatial distribution of the exposure level in the study area; this information could be used in a preliminary stage of regional planning. In order to demonstrate how such an exposure map could be used in a basic risk assessment, a quantification of the economic losses at municipal level was carried out, and the temporal probability of landslides was estimated, on the basis of the expert knowledge. Although the proposed methodology for the exposure assessment did not consider the landslide run-out and vulnerability quantification, the results obtained allow to rank the municipalities in terms of increasing exposure and risk level and, consequently, to identify the priorities for designing appropriate landslide risk mitigation plans. 相似文献
6.
强震诱发崩滑灾害可严重加剧地震灾害损失,快速评估地震诱发崩滑分布对于应急救灾工作部署具有重要意义。利用2022年9月5日泸定MS6.8级地震震前30 m分辨率地形数据结合1∶50万比例尺地质图,采用Newmark累积位移方法开展了泸定地震诱发崩滑灾害快速评估。结果显示：(1)地震诱发崩滑灾害较为严重,崩滑高危险区面积约为45 km2,主要分布在鲜水河断裂以西大渡河西岸近东西向支沟两岸,其中以燕子沟、磨子沟、海螺沟、飞水沟、湾东河、什月河、田湾河等崩滑危险性较高,对沟内居民及游客生命安全威胁较大,沟内公路受崩滑阻断风险较高,局部河道有被崩滑堵塞风险;(2)泸定县冷碛镇、兴隆镇、磨西镇、得妥乡等4个乡镇及石棉县田湾乡、草科乡、新民乡、先锋乡、蟹螺乡、挖角乡等6个乡镇崩滑危险性较高;(3)震中附近地区大渡河沿线省道S434和S211受崩滑阻断可能性较大;(4)贡嘎雪山一带预测地震崩滑危险性为中等,但需关注冰崩型、岩崩型高位远程灾害(链)风险。通过与震后应急排查、遥感解译等获取的地震Ⅷ度、Ⅸ度区内发生的崩滑分布对比,表明在大渡河西岸各支沟滑坡位移分析... 相似文献
7.
滑坡灾害空间区划及GIS应用研究 总被引：76，自引：3，他引：76
滑坡灾害空间区划研究是当前国内外滑坡领域的重要研究方向之一。虽然滑坡灾害的发生具有随机性的特点 ,但其发生的区域性和重复性特点则是区域滑坡分布与发生的总体规律。从减灾与土地规划的角度 ,开展滑坡灾害空间区划研究具有十分重要的理论和实际意义。文中重点探讨了滑坡灾害空间区划的理论体系、灾害风险评估的基本术语定义及GIS制图的基本原理 ,采用MAPGIS软件为平台及其二次开发的滑坡灾害信息分析系统 ,在中国滑坡重灾害的汉江流域开展了灾害危险性空间区划应用研究。 相似文献
8.
Ali Bagherzadeh Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(9):3377-3388
Landslide hazard zonation is essential for planning future developmental activities. At the present study, after the preparation of a landslide inventory of the study area, nine factors as well as sub-data layers of factor class weights were tested for an integrated analysis of landslide hazard in the region. The produced factor maps were weighted with the analytic hierarchy process method and then classified into four classes—negligible, low, moderate, and high. The final produced map for landslide hazard zonation in Golestan watershed revealed that: (1) about 53.85 % of the basin is prone to moderate and high threats of landslides. (2) Landslide events at the Golestan watershed were strongly correlated to the slope angle of the basin. It was observed that the active landslide zones, including moderate to high landslide hazard classes, have a high correlation to slope classes over 30° (R 2?=?0.769). (3) The regions most susceptible to landslide hazard are those located south and southwest of the watershed, which included rock topples, falls, and debris landslides. 相似文献
9.
Jianqiang Zhang Peng Cui Yonggang Ge Lingzhi Xiang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(4):1037-1047
Generally, pixels are the basic unit for assessment of landslide susceptibility. However, even if the results facilitate the
comparison, a pixel-based analysis does not clearly illustrate the distribution relationships. To eliminate this deficiency,
the concept of the Landslide Response Unit (LRU) is proposed in this study, for which adjacent pixels that have similar properties
are combined as a basic unit for susceptibility assessment. The Subao River basin, seriously impacted by the Wenchuan Earthquake,
was selected as the study area, and three factors including slope gradient, slope aspect, and slope shape, which have a significant
impact on landslides, were chosen to divide the basin into 25,984 LRUs. Then topographic, geologic, and distance factors were
applied for the landslide susceptibility evaluation. The logistic regression method was used to establish the susceptibility
assessing model by analyzing 2,000 susceptible LRUs and 2,000 un-susceptible LRUs. The model accuracy was defined in terms
of the ROC curve value and the κ value, 0.531 and 0.84, respectively. The susceptibility of landslides was divided into low,
moderate, high, and very high in Subao River basin, and 73% of historical landslides and all four new landslides are in the
highly susceptible zone and very highly susceptible zones. Finally, the LRUs with houses, farmlands, and roads prone to sliding
and burial hazard were assessed separately. On the basis of considering the potential movement directions of the LRUs, the
result found that 1,001 and 835 LRUs probably would be destroyed by slope sliding and landslide burial, respectively. 相似文献
10.
Empirical fragility and vulnerability curves for buildings exposed to slow-moving landslides at medium and large scales 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dario Peduto Settimio Ferlisi Gianfranco Nicodemo Diego Reale Giovanni Pisciotta Giovanni Gullà 《Landslides》2017,14(6):1993-2007
Slow-moving landslides yearly induce huge economic losses worldwide in terms of damage to facilities and interruption of human activities. Within the landslide risk management framework, the consequence analysis is a key step entailing procedures mainly based on identifying and quantifying the exposed elements, defining an intensity criterion and assessing the expected losses. This paper presents a two-scale (medium and large) procedure for vulnerability assessment of buildings located in areas affected by slow-moving landslides. Their intensity derives from Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) satellite data analysis, which in the last decade proved to be capable of providing cost-effective long-term displacement archives. The analyses carried out on two study areas of southern Italy (one per each of the addressed scales) lead to the generation, as an absolute novelty, of both empirical fragility and vulnerability curves for buildings in slow-moving landslide-affected areas. These curves, once further validated, can be valuably used as tools for consequence forecasting purposes and, more in general, for planning the most suitable slow-moving landslide risk mitigation strategies. 相似文献
11.
A review of assessing landslide frequency for hazard zoning purposes 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
The probability of occurrence is one of the key components of the risk equation. To assess this probability in landslide risk analysis, two different approaches have been traditionally used. In the first one, the occurrence of landslides is obtained by computing the probability of failure of a slope (or the reactivation of existing landslides). In the second one, which is the objective of this paper, the probability is obtained by means of the statistical analysis of past landslide events, specifically by the assessment of the past landslide frequency. In its turn, the temporal frequency of landslides may be determined based on the occurrence of landslides or from the recurrence of the landslide triggering events over a regional extent. Hazard assessment using frequency of landslides, which may be taken either individually or collectively, requires complete records of landslide events, which is difficult in some areas. Its main advantage is that it may be easily implemented for zoning. Frequency assessed from the recurrence of landslide triggers, does not require landslide series but it is necessary to establish reliable relations between the trigger, its magnitude and the occurrence of the landslides. The frequency of the landslide triggers can be directly used for landslide zoning. However, because it does not provide information on the spatial distribution of the potential landslides, it has to be combined with landslide susceptibility (spatial probability analysis) to perform landslide hazard zoning. Both the scale of work and availability of data affect the results of the landslide frequency and restrict the spatial resolution of frequency zoning as well. Magnitude–frequency relationships are fundamental elements for the quantitative assessment of both hazard and risk. 相似文献
12.
滑坡灾害风险评价的关键理论与技术方法 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
滑坡灾害风险评估主要包括滑坡敏感性分析、危险性评价和风险评估3个不同层次的内容。但是,滑坡地质灾害本身的复杂性和滑坡强度的确定、滑坡发生的时空概率估算、承灾体的易损性时空概率分析等难点问题的存在,无疑阻碍了滑坡风险定量评估的推广和应用。在系统分析国内外滑坡灾害风险评估研究成果的基础上,对滑坡灾害风险评价的技术体系进行了总结,提出了不同层次滑坡灾害的研究内容和相应的评价方法;分析了实现滑坡风险有效评价涉及到的难点问题,并结合降雨和地震诱发的滑坡灾害危险性评价国内外的实践,提出了中国未来滑坡灾害风险评价研究的主要内容和技术方法。 相似文献
13.
Regional landslide risk to the Cairns community 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
A GIS-based regional reconnaissance-level assessment of landslide risk to the Cairns community has been carried out to provide information to the Cairns City Council for planning and emergency management purposes. Magnitude recurrence relations were tentatively established for the two main slope processes: landslides on the hill slopes; and large debris flows extending out from the gully systems on to the plains. From the recurrence relations, landslide hazard (H) was estimated as the annual probability of a point being impacted by a landslide. The nature, number (E) and geographic distribution of the elements at risk were obtained by interrogating the GIS, and their vulnerabilities (V) to destruction by the two main landslide slope processes were assessed. From this information, specific risk (= H × V) and total risk (= H × V× E) maps were produced.Although total landslide risk is relatively low at present, it will increase as development extends further into the hill slopes, unless adequate mitigation measures are taken. Large debris flows, while considerably less frequent than landslides on cut slopes, could impact on subdivisions at the base of the slopes. Blockage by landslides of roads and railways providing access to Cairns can cause isolation of the community. Flash flooding in Freshwater Creek, or debris flows, have the potential to disrupt the Cairns water supply by blocking the intake or destroying sections of the pipeline. 相似文献
14.
Landslide risk assessment and management: an overview 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
Landslides can result in enormous casualties and huge economic losses in mountainous regions. In order to mitigate landslide hazard effectively, new methodologies are required to develop a better understanding of landslide hazard and to make rational decisions on the allocation of funds for management of landslide risk. Recent advances in risk analysis and risk assessment are beginning to provide systematic and rigorous processes to enhance slope management. In recent years, risk analysis and assessment has become an important tool in addressing uncertainty inherent in landslide hazards.This article reviews recent advances in landslide risk assessment and management, and discusses the applicability of a variety of approaches to assessing landslide risk. Firstly, a framework for landslide risk assessment and management by which landslide risk can be reduced is proposed. This is followed by a critical review of the current state of research on assessing the probability of landsliding, runout behavior, and vulnerability. Effective management strategies for reducing economic and social losses due to landslides are described. Problems in landslide risk assessment and management are also examined. 相似文献
15.
Landslide vulnerability and risk assessment for multi-hazard scenarios using airborne laser scanning data (LiDAR) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Landslide hazard, vulnerability, and risk-zoning maps are considered in the decision-making process that involves land use/land cover (LULC) planning in disaster-prone areas. The accuracy of these analyses is directly related to the quality of spatial data needed and methods employed to obtain such data. In this study, we produced a landslide inventory map that depicts 164 landslide locations using high-resolution airborne laser scanning data. The landslide inventory data were randomly divided into a training dataset: 70 % for training the models and 30 % for validation. In the initial step, a susceptibility map was developed using logistic regression approach in which weights were assigned to every conditioning factor. A high-resolution airborne laser scanning data (LiDAR) was used to derive the landslide conditioning factors for the spatial prediction of landslide hazard areas. The resultant susceptibility was validated using the area under the curve method. The validation result showed 86.22 and 84.87 % success and prediction rates, respectively. In the second stage, a landslide hazard map was produced using precipitation data for 15 years. The precipitation maps were subsequently prepared and show two main categories (two temporal probabilities) for the study area (the average for any day in a year and abnormal intensity recorded in any day for 15 years) and three return periods (15-, 10-, and 5-year periods). Hazard assessment was performed for the entire study area. In the third step, an element at risk map was prepared using LULC, which was considered in the vulnerability assessment. A vulnerability map was derived according to the following criteria: cost, time required for reconstruction, relative risk of landslide, risk to population, and general effect to certain damage. These criteria were applied only on the LULC of the study area because of lack of data on the population and building footprint and types. Finally, risk maps were produced using the derived vulnerability and hazard information. Thereafter, a risk analysis was conducted. The LULC map was cross-matched with the results of the hazard maps for the return period, and the losses were aggregated for the LULC. Then, the losses were calculated for the three return periods. The map of the risk areas may assist planners in overall landslide hazard management. 相似文献
16.
Quantitative assessment of landslide hazard along transportation lines using historical records 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
In this paper, a quantitative landslide hazard model is presented for transportation lines, with an example for a road and
railroad alignment, in parts of Nilgiri hills in southern India. The data required for the hazard assessment were obtained
from historical records available for a 21-year period from 1987 to 2007. A total of 901 landslides from cut slopes along
the railroad and road alignment were included in the inventory. The landslides were grouped into three magnitude classes based
on the landslide type, volume, scar depth, and run-out distance. To calculate landslide hazard, we estimated the total number
of individual landslides per kilometer of the (rail) road for different return periods, based on the relationship between
past landslides (recorded in our database) and triggering events. These were multiplied by the probability that the landslides
belong to a given magnitude class. This gives the hazard for a given return period expressed as the number of landslides of
a given magnitude class per kilometer of (rail) road. The relationship between the total number of landslides and the return
period was established using a Gumbel distribution model, and the probability of landslide magnitude was obtained from frequency–volume
statistics. The results of the analysis indicate that the total number of landslides, from 1- to 50-year return period, varies
from 56 to 197 along the railroad and from 14 to 82 along the road. In total, 18 hazard scenarios were generated using the
three magnitude classes and six return periods (1, 3, 5, 15, 25, and 50 years). The hazard scenarios derived from the model
form the basis for future direct and indirect landslide risk analysis along the transportation lines. The model was validated
with landslides that occurred in the year 2009. 相似文献
17.
秦岭中部太白县地质灾害发育特征及危险性评估 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以陕西省太白县为例,分析了秦岭中部山区地质灾害形成的地质环境条件,重点指出在植被茂密山区,异常强降雨及农耕、建房、修路和矿山开采4种人类工程活动对地质灾害的关键诱发作用。对崩塌、滑坡、泥石流和不稳定斜坡4类典型地质灾害进行了亚类细分和发育特征分析,并总结指出了地质灾害区域宏观分布特征。筛选了9种关键的地质灾害影响和诱发因素,基于将集中调查区指示的地质灾害发育规律,外推应用于全区地质灾害评估的思路,利用信息量模型对太白县全区进行了地质灾害危险性定量评估,结果显示高危险区主要集中分布在县域北部人口聚居的盆地区,以及南部河流与公路沿线地段。定量检验显示,危险性评估结果与地质灾害的实际分布十分吻合,表明基于信息量模型的地质灾害危险性评估方法能够很好地适用于秦岭腹地山区。 相似文献
18.
Brijendra K. Mishra Dipanjan Bhattacharjee Anupam Chattopadhyay Ganesh Prusty 《Natural Hazards》2018,92(2):673-697
The purpose of this study is to analyze and characterize recent landslide events in the Larji–Kullu Tectonic Window (LKTW), and to establish a relationship between the tectonic and lithologic characters of the terrain and the landslides activity. Using multispectral satellite image analysis with selected field investigation, a landslide occurrence database has been generated for the period between 1984 and 2015. To decipher the accelerated occurrences of landslides in the region, an integrated study is undertaken in the Kullu (also known as Kulu) valley of Beas River basin within the LKTW complex, to analyze the litho-structural and terrain slope interactions using morpho-tectonic parameters such as Topographic/Bedding Plane Interaction Angle (TOBIA) index, terrain surface roughness index and lithological competency analysis. A prominent clustering of landslides is observed in the north of Sainj River, contained within the tectonic window. Major sites of landslides are found to be located in the intensely fractured Manikaran Quartzite occurring within the core of the LKTW. The landslides are mostly associated with southern and southwestern-facing slopes and activations are pronounced in the ‘Orthoclinal’ slope class with gradient of 37°–48°. Thematic maps, e.g., geological, structural, geomorphological, slope and slope-aspect maps are generated and considered together to understand the morpho-tectonic scenario of the tectonic window. Observations from the above-stated thematic maps along with the occurrences of moderate magnitude earthquake epicenters helped to infer neotectonic movements along the Sainj River fault. Tectonic upliftment of the northern bank of the Sainj River along with increased precipitation through decades has resulted in recurrent landslides within the LKTW. 相似文献
19.
山区地质灾害易发性评价对城镇地质灾害风险管理具有重要意义。本文以康定市为例,以斜坡单元为最小评价单元,选取高程、坡度、坡向、曲率、工程地质岩组、距道路距离、距断裂距离、距水系距离和斜坡结构等9个滑坡影响因子,根据各因子滑坡面积比曲线与证据权值曲线的突变点,划分滑坡影响因子二级状态,并对各影响因子进行相关性分析,剔除相关性较高的距道路距离因子,在此基础上,采用证据权模型进行滑坡易发性评价。对已有治理工程的斜坡单元,本文尝试利用折减系数法对其易发性进行进一步评价。结合现场调查,将研究区滑坡易发性程度划分为：极高易发、高易发、中等易发、低易发。评价结果表明,自然工况下极高易发区主要位于康定市炉城镇以及研究区北侧二道桥村一带,高易发区主要位于雅拉河、折多河与瓦斯沟河谷两侧,对治理工程所在的斜坡单元进行折减后,极高易发区面积由11.21%降至8.42%,滑坡比率由4.03降低至2.3,研究结果符合实际情况,模型精度达77.8%。评价结果较好地反映了康定市区的滑坡易发性分布情况,可为城镇精细化评价提供一定的参考依据。 相似文献
20.
滑坡危险性定量评估是滑坡风险评估中的关键和难点,也是当前国际风险管理研究中的热点问题.以滑坡密集分布的黑方台南塬为研究区,以32处典型滑坡为研究对象,依据多期三维数字高程模型(DEM),提出了一种基于强度的滑坡危险性定量评估技术方法.根据多期三维地形信息的解译及野外调查,编制多期滑坡分布图,计算滑坡活动的频率.利用GIS技术,利用滑坡体积与速度的乘积计算滑坡强度.将滑坡危险性定义为滑坡频率和滑坡强度的乘积,同时调查和分析了黑方台地区各类承灾体的类型、价值及其在相应滑坡强度下的易损性,在此基础上开展了单体滑坡风险评估和黑方台南塬滑坡风险区划. 相似文献