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利用唐山、浑源、岫岩和浙江省的鄞县、珊溪水库地震等不同地震类型的数字地震波资料，经过筛选和整理，对每一个地震序列求出几个台站的尾波振幅衰减特征，k值随时间序列的变化特征。结果表明，虽然k值的变化趋势比较复杂，但还是发现不同震型的k值的变化特征有所不同。从趋势上来说，在主震前后，主震一余震型地震的k值显示先低后高的趋势，震群型地震显示先高后低的趋势。我们可以根据这个特征来判断所发生地震的震型，用于震后地震趋势快速判断。 相似文献
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地震发生后,首先是尽早地判断震型,以判断未来大震发生的可能性及地震活动的发展趋势。本文对1970—1987年新疆大部分中强地震的序列进行了震型判断和震型的早期判断,以求找出新疆地震序列类型的判断指标,为快速判定震型,预报震后序列发展趋势提供依据,并通过震型判断的分析研究找出新疆地震序列类型的基本特征。 相似文献
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伽师-巴楚强震群序列趋势的早期判断 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
使用喀什地震台记录的伽师—巴楚震群序列目录,采用Em／∑E、△M方法对序列早期震型进行判定。在震型判定的基础上,采用h、b、u、F值等参数对震后序列趋势进行分析。得到以下主要结论：(1)伽师一巴楚强震群序列特征复杂,在震群活动的不同阶段,它们既有共性也有个性;在震群活动的各个阶段,不同强度的地震序列特征在震后早期便可显现;(2)首发强震后,区域历史强震类型将有助于定性判断震后趋势,震区余震地震波形可能是早期判断地震类型的关键环节;(3)使用Em／∑E、△M方法并结合主震后第1天内的小震频次能够对震型作出较为准确的判定。在震型判定的基础上再使用h、b、u、F值参数对各级序列进行逐级分层的趋势分析;(3)使用6级地震序列的h值和含主震计算的6值对未来强震震级进行估算,采用5级地震序列的h值和不含主震计算的6值对未来强余震震级进行推算;(5)跟踪子序列的震型、预测震级及参数异常的动态变化,判断后续序列中是否会发生强(余)震,但分析时必须注意各级序列之间的隶属关系和活动背景;(6)在强震成组活动后,若h值出现高→低→高的变化过程,则预示着震群活动可能进入后期。震群中最高震级地震发生后的h值大于1也是序列发展进入晚期的重要标志。 相似文献
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十年来,我国地震工作者根据前震、主震和余震的震级差,主震的能量占全序列能量的百分比(能量比),余震活动水平以及地震序列的某些统计特征(b值等),把地震序列分为三种基本类型:主震余震型、震群型和弧立型。实践证明,这三种类型基本上反映了各地震序列之间的差别,对于正确地判断地震趋势和预报强余震起了积极作用。 相似文献
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对1980年以来青海及邻区(31°～40°N, 88°～104°E)中强震序列类型判定标准及序列参数特征进行了分析和研究。根据青海及邻区中强地震序列的特征,将地震序列划分为孤立型、主震—余震型和多震型。参数研究结果表明,ρ值基本上对中强以上地震序列类型判别无贡献;b值和h值的共同特点是:孤立型主震—余震型多震型;孤立型地震序列的U值、F值和k值结果为0或者趋近于0,且这3个参数的均值都具孤立型主震—余震型多震型的特征;k值对地震类型判别有较好的区分度,孤立型地震序列k值近似于零,主震—余震型地震序列k值≤0.2,而多震型地震序列k值0.2。这些可作为划分地震序列类型的判别指标。 相似文献
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利川判断地震序列能蕈释放衰减是否异常的Ec—k量板,汁算了云南及附近地区39次巾强地震序列的能量衰减系数k值。结果显示：①当判别指标k〉1时,地震序列能量衰减处于正常状态;当k≤1时,判断地震序列能量衰减出现异常,其后发生更大地震或强余震的町能什较大。②对云南地区中强地震序列的榆验表明,有74％的地震序列符合上述判别指标。③用相同的地震进行了地震序列频度衰减系数^值的计算,发现符合h值判别指标的地震序列占统计际本的锄％。④对日常地震跟踪临视中遇到的二次典型地震序列详细分析,发现用k值力。法无论对中小地震序列还是巨震序列,预测效果均较好。 相似文献
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1980 年以来青海地区震群活动与前震序列特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用青海地震台网资料,系统整理分析了青海地区的震群活动及前震序列,总结了震群活动与中强以上地震的时空关系,检验了前兆震群类型的判断指标。研究认为,青海地区ML≥2 震群活动增强对区内6. 5 级以上地震有一定的中长期时间预测意义,对7 级以上地震有一定的时空预测意义。利用MAPSIS 软件6 项震群参数,以满足4 项前兆指标的全组合模式判断前兆震群,对研究区总频次大于40 的34 个震群进行参数计算,判断出前兆震群24 个,占总数的71% 。100% 前兆震群后发生相应的中强震,部分非前兆震群后也发生相应的中强震;震群对应的中强震80% 发生在本地震构造带,对中强震孕育区域有一定的指示意义。青海地区有前震序列的震例较少,仅有的3 例,参数计算均不符合前震序列判断指标,对强震无预测意义。 相似文献
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以1972——1992年新疆98个震群为样本，用U，K，最大地震序列的能量比等8个参数作为测量震群形态的特征量，应用PP聚类方法对它们进行了数值聚类分析．结果表明:这98个震群大体可分为A，B，C，D四类．A类震群有24个，其中18个震群发生后，未来12个月内，震群周围有强震发生；而在共计61个C，D类震群中，只有7个在震群发生后，未来12个月内，震群后周围有强震发生；B类震群后的强震发生率仅为3/11，可见，采用PP聚类方法，能有效地识别出前兆震群(A类)，正确地判断震群周围地区的中短期地震趋势．
PP聚类方法是一种有效的新兴分类法，能广泛地应用于地震序列的类型判别等多项分类中． 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,(4)
正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and 相似文献
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George W. Housner 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(2):I0001-I0001
Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study 相似文献
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JianCheng Shi 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2281-2282
正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases 相似文献
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Dissolved total carbohydrates (DTCH), dissolved free monosaccharides (DFMS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and humic substances (HS) were measured in White Clay Creek (WCC), a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont, USA. Samples were collected over different seasons and under baseflow and stormflow conditions. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 12.8 mg/L C with the highest concentrations associated with stormflows. Carbohydrates ranged from 0.42 to 12.4 μM and accounted for 2.9 to 12.7% of the DOC. Humic substances represented the major DOC fraction, accounting for 55 to 72% of the DOC pool under all flow conditions. The humic fraction had a lower carbohydrate content (4.4%) than the non-humic fraction of DOC (7.2%). Stormflow DOC was enriched in carbohydrates relative to baseflow DOC, but the percentage of humic-C changed little. Carbohydrates were primarily present as dissolved polysaccharides (55%), but a significant fraction was bound to humic substances (40%), while a small proportion was present as monosaccharides (5%). The major monosaccharides in stream water, listed in order of decreasing concentration, included glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fucose. On average (30.6 ± 7.4)% (n = 44) of the stream water DOC was biodegradable, and carbohydrates accounted for 9.9 to 17.7% of the BDOC. 相似文献