共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 249 毫秒
1.
《岩矿测试》2015,(5)
关于全氟化合物(PFCs)在中国农村环境中的分布还未见相关的报道。本文利用固相萃取分离富集结合高效液相色谱-电喷雾负电离源串联质谱法分析中国东部8个农村地区土壤、地表水、地下水样品中17种PFCs的污染水平和组成特征,并利用比值法初步判定了水环境中PFCs的污染来源。结果显示,土壤中全氟羧酸类以PFOA为主(0.34~14.5 ng/g),全氟烷基磺酸类以PFOS为主(0.02~0.08 ng/g);地表水中PFCs以PFOA、PFHx A、PFOS和PFBA为主(4.8~29.6、0.73~31.8、nd~7.1和nd~6.1 ng/L);地下水中PFCs主要为PFOA、PFHx A、PFBA(nd~176、nd~50.1和0.08~16.1 ng/L)。土壤及水环境中PFCs总体上呈现从南到北递减的趋势;地表水中PFCs污染源大致分为生活污水和大气沉降两大类,其中大气沉降的贡献较大。 相似文献
2.
全氟化合物(PFCs)是一种新型持久性有机污染物,因具有持久性、生物蓄积性和高毒性而受到广泛关注。目前关于河流、污水、湖泊等地表水体中PFCs污染状况的研究较多,而地下水PFCs的相关研究相对较少。本文以北京市再生水灌区为例,探讨了典型PFCs化合物在地下水中的含量、分布及其生态风险,并重点关注了灌区内某垃圾填埋场周边地下水PFCs的影响。使用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析了2020年5～6月采集自北京市再生水灌区的52个地下水样品,结果表明灌区地下水中不同程度地检出包括全氟羧酸(PFCAs)和全氟磺酸(PFSAs)在内的10种目标PFCs化合物,浓度范围为1.07～24.19ng/L,其中以全氟正丁酸(PFBA)、全氟正辛酸(PFOA)和全氟丁烷磺酸(PFBS)三类单体的检出浓度最高,平均浓度分别为2.94±2.42ng/L、2.88±3.45ng/L和1.15±2.05ng/L。与来自氟化学工业园的地下水相比,本研究区地下水中∑PFCs浓度明显偏低,这与本研究区观测井多处于农田区域有关。PFCs在浅井(<50m)与深井(>50m)中的浓度随着井深的增加有明显下降... 相似文献
3.
本次研究分析了典型氟化学工业园区周边不同植物及其根际和非根际土壤中全氟羧酸(perfluorinated carboxylic acid,PFCA)的含量、组成及分布特征.结果显示,PFCA在根际土壤和非根际土壤的浓度范围分别为9.6～160 ng/g和7.2～300 ng/g.根际土壤(rhizospheric soil,RS)和非根际土壤(non-rhizopsheric soil,NRS)中PFCA的浓度比值(cratio=cRS/cNRS)显示,PFCA并未呈现出根际富集效应.PFCA在植物地上部和根部的浓度范围分别为6.0～630 ng/g和6.1～570 ng/g.全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)是土壤和植物组织中最主要的全氟羧酸化合物,其浓度在根际土、非根际土、植物根部和地上部分别占总PFCA的(53±18)％、(51±22)％、(80±6.7)％和(34±18)％.短链(C4～C8)的PFCA,包括全氟丁酸(perfluorobutyric acid,PFBA)、全氟戊酸(perfluoropentanoic acid,PFPeA)、全氟己酸(perfluorohexanoic acid,PFHxA)、全氟庚酸(perfluoroheptanoic acid,PFHpA)和PFOA,在植物地上部中的浓度及检出率均高于长链(C9～C16)的PFCA,说明短链PFCA比长链PFCA更容易在植物组织中富集.植物PFCA组成特征显示,PFBA和PFHxA在植物地上部所占的比例高于根部,说明PFBA和PFHxA等碳链较短的PFCA可能更容易被植物根系吸收并转移至植物地上部;然而PFOA在植物地上部的百分含量低于植物根部,说明PFOA可能趋向于吸附在植物根系表皮而难以往植物地上部迁移.根部到地上部的转运系数与PFCA的碳链长度呈显著负相关关系. 相似文献
4.
高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定黄河河口段水中全氟化合物的初步研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以近年来备受关注的持久性有机污染物———全氟化合物为研究目标物,黄河河口段为目标研究区域,应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定黄河河口段河水、自来水和浅层地下水中的19种全氟化合物含量,描述研究该区域水体中全氟化合物的污染水平和分布规律,并探讨水体中全氟化合物的来源。结果表明,全氟丁酸和全氟辛酸是黄河河口段水体中最主要的全氟化合物,黄河水中的全氟丁酸和全氟辛酸浓度分别为1.61～4.20ng/L和2.04～3.36 ng/L。浅层地下水中各待测物检出率都很低;自来水中全氟丁酸和全氟辛酸的浓度分别为1.62～3.24 ng/L和4.66～9.34 ng/L;自来水与黄河水中全氟化合物的组成特征明显不同。东营地区黄河水中全氟辛烷磺酸的浓度与国内其他北方城市相比浓度相当,明显低于长江水和珠三角地表水;全氟辛酸的浓度与呼和浩特市周边河水以及北京官厅水库中浓度相当,相比国内其他地区处于较低水平。 相似文献
5.
北京市有机氯农药填图与风险评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用1个样/km2的密度、1个分析组合样/16km2的方法,对北京市784km2范围内的土壤、大气干湿沉降物、大气颗粒物中HCH、DDT的含量和空间分布特征进行有机氯农药填图.查明2000年北京市地表土壤HCH和DDT的平均含量分别为8.80±11.83ng/g、108.99±301.90ng/g.2006年大气干湿沉降物中HCH和DDT平均含量分别为10.09±9.60ng/g、12.99±13.51ng/g,HCH和DDT的年沉降通量分别为996.57±939.96g/a·km2、1291.53±1342.28g/a·km2.2006年大气颗粒物PM10和PM2.5中的HCH含量分别为0.294±0.205ng/m3和0.217±0.137ng/m3,DDT的平均含量分别为1.037±1.301ng/m3和0.522±0.773ng/m3,显著高于2002-2003年度大气颗粒物中HCH(PM100.01786ng/m3,PM250.01731ng/m3)和DDT(PM100.01672ng/m3,PM2.50.02353ng/m3)的含量,表明北京市或周边地区仍在使用含HCH和DDT化学成分的农药.以2000年北京地表土壤和2006年大气干湿沉降物中HCH和DDT的含量为基础,对2020年土壤中HCH和DDT的时空演变的预测显示,即使干湿沉降物中HCH和DDT的沉降通量每年以5%的速率递减,到2020年土壤中HCH和DDT的环境质量仍不能显著改善,而控制和削减北京及周边地区含HCH和DDT成分农药的使用将是改善北京地表土壤环境质量的关键措施. 相似文献
6.
游远航 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,45(4):1205-1216
为了解广州地区蔬菜基地有机污染物的分布情况,选取了6个代表性基地进行调查采样,测试分析了表层土壤、蔬菜及灌溉水中15种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)化合物、16种多环芳烃(PAHs)化合物和19种有机氯农药(OCPs)化合物的质量分数及质量浓度.结果表明:在15种PAEs化合物的总质量分数(w(ΣPAEs))中,土壤样品为158.0~4 321.0 ng/g,蔬菜样品为1 134.0~48 576.0 ng/g;水样中15种PAEs化合物的总质量浓度(ρ(ΣPAEs))为632.0~14 271.0 ng/L;就单个化合物而言,以DiBP、DBP、DEHP三种污染物为主,其三项之和占所有PAEs质量分数的97.5%~99.1%;在16种PAHs化合物的总质量分数(w(ΣPAHs))中,土壤样品为28.48~1 121.96 ng/g,蔬菜样品为238.09~1 000.61 ng/g;水样中16种PAHs化合物的总质量浓度(ρ(ΣPAHs))为338.21~1 239.78 ng/L;在19种OCPs化合物的总质量分数(w(ΣOCPs))中,土壤为0.04~71.28 ng/g,蔬菜为1.08~9.18 ng/g.总体上看,各基地土壤中DBP质量分数均超标,多环芳烃类在灵山、花东、黄埔菜地土壤中存在轻微污染,有机氯农药均未出现污染. 相似文献
7.
大气干湿沉降: 地下河多环芳烃的重要来源——以广西清水泉地下河为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为证实大气干湿沉降物是岩溶地下河中多环芳烃(PAHs)的来源,研究选择了某城市典型的岩溶地下河水源地作为研究地点,采用大气干湿采样器、聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)大气被动采样器分别采集大气及其干湿沉降物样品,同时采集地下河水样和分层采集流域土壤,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)测定了16种PAHs优先控制污染物。结果表明,地下河流域大气干湿沉降中PAHs的干湿沉降通量为147.26 ng·(m2·d)-1,流域PAHs沉降量为1943.8 g;大气中的PAHs浓度为45.33 ng·m-3;地下河水中PAHs浓度平均值为220.98 ng·L-1;土壤中PAHs浓度为38.72 ng·g-1;大气、降雨和土壤中PAHs组成以2~3环的萘、芴、菲、荧蒽、芘5种为主,地下河水中以芴、菲、荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、苯并[a]芘6种为主。利用地下河多介质中的16种PAHs成分谱、特征比值结合它们的物理化学性质进行PAHs的源解析,研究显示大气干湿沉降是岩溶地下河水中多环芳烃的主要污染源之一,这归因于岩溶地区防污性能的脆弱性。 相似文献
8.
全氟烷基酸(PFAAs)是一种新型的持久有机污染物,在各种环境介质中被频繁检出。目前,PFAAs的检测方法主要包括液相色谱串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)、超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)、气相色谱法和光谱类方法。但是,上述方法多存在样品前处理过程复杂、周期长、成本高的问题,不适用于PFAAs的快速检测。为此,本文建立了一种快速测量地下水和含水层介质中16种PFAAs的UPLC-MS/MS方法。水样过0.22μm滤膜后直接测定浓度,土样经过超声离心后,取上清液过滤测量浓度。本方法分别为16种PFAAs建立了低浓度(5~50μg/L)和高浓度(100~500μg/L)两条校准曲线,相关系数R^2>0.99。地下水中16种PFAAs快速检测方法检出限为0.06~1.07μg/L,回收率为75%~120%,精密度(RSD)为2.61%~9.19%(除高浓度时全氟丁烷磺酸和全氟已烷磺酸分别为11.34%和14.70%外)。含水层介质中14种PFAAs(全氟十三酸和全氟十四酸除外)方法检出限为2.69~12.33ng/g,回收率为65%~103%,精密度(RSD)为1.96%~7.22%。 相似文献
9.
稳定同位素因其指纹效应已成为分析矿区污染来源的重要技术手段。文章以招远金矿区为例,应用硫同位素联合水化学分析、聚类分析及氢氧同位素分析招远金矿区水污染特征和成因。通过分析可知,矿区内地表水和地下水主要接受大气降水补给,水力联系密切。水化学类型以SO4—Ca和SO4—Na型为主,阴离子以SO42-为主,地表水和地下水的NO3-和Cl-在空间上变异性较大。地表水硫酸盐含量普遍偏高,硫酸盐污染较为严重,高值区出现在玲珑金矿、金翅岭金矿和张星镇附近;而地下水高值区都出现在玲珑金矿附近,且SO42-浓度沿着径流方向逐渐降低。地表水中硫酸盐δ34S值介于1.8‰~9.8‰,地下水中硫酸盐δ34S值介于2.7‰~9.6‰,地表水和地下水硫酸盐含量受玲珑金矿硫化、玲珑花岗岩和胶东岩群影响明显。在地下水径流途中,有地表水入渗污染地下水的现象。另外,工业废水的排放也是硫酸盐含量升高的主要原因。研究表明:硫同位素在金矿区硫酸盐污染的来源和特征方面有很好的指示作用,是评价矿山开采对地下水污染的有效工具。 相似文献
10.
为探讨新疆开都河流域水不同介质的来源及分布特征,检测了开都河流域水、土壤和表层沉积物样品中20种有机氯农药(OCPs)和16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量。结果显示,OCPs和PAHs在水中的含量分别为42.5~62.5ng/L和29.4~454.3ng/L,在土壤中的含量分别为8.8~12.4ng/g和6.6~128.2ng/g,在表层沉积物中的含量分别为6.6~13.7ng/g和20.8~491.0ng/g。空间分布上,开都河中游污染相对严重的土壤对应的周边河流沉积物也具有较高浓度的污染物,这种分布明显受人类活动影响,沿河道上游呈递增趋势,但总体上低于入湖口沉积物中的含量,表明博斯腾湖蓄积了来自周边的污染物。来源分析表明,开都河流域的六六六(HCHs)和滴滴涕(DDTs)主要是历史残留,而入湖口区水体和表层沉积物中新的DDTs,可能与湖泊沉积物被扰动引起的再悬浮释放有关。PAHs以低分子量组分为主,其高含量主要来自于木柴、煤等中低温燃烧。风险评价结果表明,开都河流域土壤和沉积物中的OCPs和PAHs不存在显著的生态风险。 相似文献
11.
Review: Micro-organic contaminants in groundwater in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Weihong Dong Wei Xie Xiaosi Su Chuanlei Wen Zhipeng Cao Yuyu Wan 《Hydrogeology Journal》2018,26(5):1351-1369
Micro-organic contaminants (MOs) in groundwater, which may have adverse effects on human health and ecosystems worldwide, are gaining increased attention in China. A great deal of research has been conducted to investigate their sources, occurrences and behavior in aquifers. This paper reviews the main sources, distribution, concentrations and behavior of a wide range of MOs in groundwater in China. These MOs include well-established persistent organic pollutants—polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), endocrine disrupting chemicals (poly brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), bisphenol A (BPA)—and some contaminants of emerging concern such as pharmaceutical and personal care products (antibiotics, caffeine, shampoos) and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). The results reveal that the main MOs in groundwater are PAHs, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), PBDEs, PAEs, and antibiotics. Moreover, some PFCs such as perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have only recently been observed in groundwater as emerging organic contaminants. Additionally, most MOs are distributed in populated and industrialized areas such as the southeast coast of China. Finally, industrial emissions, wastewater treatment plant effluents and agricultural wastewater are found to be dominant sources of MOs in groundwater. Based on the existing pollution levels, regulation and amelioration of MOs are warranted. 相似文献
12.
Perfluorinated organic compounds(PFOCs) are emerging persistent organic pollutants(POPs) widely distributed in the environment,wildlife and human.We studied the toxicology of perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) on immunotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in primarily cultured hepatocytes of freshwater tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus).Cultured hepatocytes were exposed to PFOS or PFOA(0,10,20 and 30 mg/L) for 24,48,72,96,120 and 144 hours,respectively.Oral doses of these compounds that induce significantly detectable immunotoxicity and hepatotoxicity were employed in the study.In response to PFOS,the leukocytes,B cells,granulocytes,and macrophages among the isolation of intrahepatic immune cells(IHIC) from PFOS-treated tilapia produced significant levels of immune cells compared with that of the control group.The numbers of leukocytes,B cells,granulocytes,and macrophages for PFOS-treated tilapia increased with the incremental exposure concentration.Moreover,similar to the findings in PFOA toxicity effects,the erythropoietin levels in tilapia increased with the increase of the PFOS and PFOA concentrations.The lowest doses(10 mg/L) of PFOS exposure led to a marked inhibition in the hepatocyte viability in tilapia.Similarly,tilapia exposed to PFOA demonstrated a similar pattern,and a dose-dependent decrease in the hepatocyte viability was observed in the following treatment of PFOA.In the 72 h exposures,ethoxy-resorufin-O-deethylase(EROD) activity was significantly induced with the increase concentrations in tilapia liver(p<0.05).Tilapia showed a strong EROD induction in livers,and significantly difference in EROD activity was observed between control,PFOS and PFOA-exposed tilapias.The liver glycogen content showed that PFOS and PFOA exposure caused significant changes in the liver glycogen content,which depended on the duration of exposure.And it appeared that the decrease in blood glucose level during the acclimation was followed by significant increase in liver glycogen content in tilapia. 相似文献
13.
R. R. Giri H. Ozaki X. Guo R. Takanami S. Taniguchi 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2014,11(5):1277-1284
This article aims to elucidate on usefulness of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) for photoreductive degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a representative perfluorinated compound (PFC), in water for the first time. Bench-scale tests were conducted on oxidative and reductive (with aquated electron: e aq ? ) mineralization of PFOA using low-pressure UV (LPUV) lamps and potassium iodide. Unlike with 254 nm wavelength (UVC), the reductive mineralization with VUV was very inefficient compared to the corresponding oxidative mineralization. The inefficiency is attributed to low reactivity of e aq ? with PFOA and its fluorinated products than that of 185 nm photons. Direct VUV photolysis of PFOA and its products in reductive reaction conditions was not apparent due to a very big difference in reactivity of 185 and 254 nm photons with iodide. The results demonstrated that highly energetic VUV photons are not suitable for photoreductive degradations of PFCs involving e aq ? , but they can be best used for oxidative degradations. These findings should serve as an important reference on VUV usage to decompose refractory micropollutants. 相似文献
14.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(1):125680
A comparative hydrogeochemical study evaluated arsenic release mechanism and differences in contamination levels in the shallow groundwater of two areas within the deltaic environment of West Bengal (i.e. Karimpur and Tehatta blocks of Nadia district) in India. Groundwaters from both the areas are Ca-Na(K)-Cl-HCO3 type with highly reducing character (−110.16 ± 16.85 to −60.77 ± 16.93 mV). Low correlations among As, Fe, and Mn and the higher association between As and DOC are indicative of microbial decomposition of organic matter enhancing the weathering of shallow aquifer materials. Arsenic contamination in groundwater is higher in Karimpur (95 ± 81.17 μg/L) than that in Tehatta (43.05 ± 41.06 μg/L). The release mechanism of arsenic into groundwater is very complex. Low Fe (0.27–4.78 mg/L and 0.81–4.13 mg/L), Mn (0.08–0.2 mg/L and 0.03–0.22 mg/L), and SO42− (3.82 ± 0.31 and 2.78 ± 0.40 mg/L) suggest that the mechanism of arsenic release is not a single mechanistic pathway. Clustering of redox-active parameters in the principal component planes indicate that the reductive dissolution, and/or weathering/co-precipitation of Fe/Mn-bearing minerals in the shallow aquifer sediments control the dominant mechanistic pathway of arsenic release. 相似文献
15.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(6):2197-2205
This study investigates the suitability of statistical techniques for evaluating the fluoride content and the groundwater quality from Robles Department (RD) and Banda Department (BD) in Santiago del Estero (Argentina). For the original statistical study, evaluation of nine parameters (fluoride, pH, conductivity, atmospheric and water temperature, total dissolved solids, chloride, hardness, and alkalinity) of 110 collected underground water samples from 23 dispersed rural areas was proposed. Groundwater samples were obtained by sampling taken from wells at different depths. Fluoride levels were determined by a standard colorimetric method in two seasonal periods, the dry (from April to September) and rainy (from October to March) period. The analytical results obtained for physicochemical parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and temperature does not reveal any notable difference between the rainy and dry seasons studied. In both seasons, the atmospheric temperature average was 22 °C. With respect to fluoride content, approximately 50% of the analysed groundwater samples exceeded the limit established by current legislation (1.0 mg/L), obtaining concentration levels in the range of 0.01–2.80 mg/L. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the univariate statistical method (quartiles calculation, interquartile range IQR), multivariate principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis to establish a better understanding of the state of the contamination of the waters in the region studied. 相似文献
16.
To accurately evaluate ecological risks trigged by groundwater exploitation, it must be clarified the relationship between vegetation and groundwater. Based on remote sensing data sets MOD13Q1, groundwater table depth (WTD) and total dissolved solids (TDS), the relationship between groundwater and natural vegetation was analyzed statistically in the main plain areas of Qaidam Basin. The results indicate that natural vegetation is groundwater-dependent in areas where WTD is less than 5.5 m and TDS is less than 7.5 g/L. Aquatic vegetation, hygrophytic vegetation and hygrophytic saline-alkali tolerant vegetation are mainly distributed in areas with WTD <1.1 m. Salt-tolerant and mesophytic vegetation mainly occur in areas with WTD of 1.4-3.5 m, while the xerophytic vegetation isprimarily present in areas where WTD ranges from 1.4 m to 5.5 m. Natural vegetation does not necessarily depend on groundwater in areas with WTD >5.5 m. For natural vegetation, the most suitable water TDS is less than 1.5 g/L, the moderately suitable TDS is 1.5-5.0 g/L, the basically suitable TDS is 5.0-7.5 g/L, and the unsuitable TDS is more than 7.5 g/L. 相似文献
17.
Bibhash Nath Jyoti Prakash Maity Jiin-Shuh Jean Gavin Birch Sandeep Kar Huai-Jen Yang Ming-Kuo Lee Rasmani Hazra Debashis Chatterjee 《Applied Geochemistry》2011,26(5):705-713
Major ion and trace element analyses were performed on groundwater samples collected from the Bengal Delta (Chakdaha municipality, West Bengal and Manikgonj town, Bangladesh) and Chianan Plains (SW Taiwan) to compare geochemical characteristics. Results showed that concentrations of Na, K, Mg, Cl and SO4 were generally higher in Chianan Plain (CNP) groundwaters, while high Ca was observed in Bengal Delta Plain (BDP) groundwater. Measured As concentrations in groundwaters of BDP and CNP showed large variations, with mean As concentrations of 221 μg/L (range: 1.1-476 μg/L) in Chakdaha, 60 μg/L (range: 0.30-202 μg/L) in Manikgonj, and 208 μg/L (range: 1.3-575 μg/L) in CNP groundwater. The Fe-reduction mechanism was found to be the dominant geochemical process in releasing As from sediment to groundwater in Chakdaha, West Bengal, however the Mn-reduction process was dominant in groundwaters of Manikgonj, Bangladesh. In Chianan Plain groundwater, a combination of geochemical processes (e.g., bacterial Fe-reduction, mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions) controlled release of As. Fluorescence spectral patterns of the groundwater showed low relative fluorescence intensity (RFI) of dissolved humic substances in BDP groundwater (mean: 63 and 72 QSU, Chakdaha and Manikgonj, respectively), while high RFI was observed in CNP groundwater (mean: 393 QSU). The FT-IR spectra of the extracted humic acid fractions from sediments of Chianan Plain showed a stronger aliphatic band at 2850-3000 cm−1 and a higher resolved fingerprint area (from 1700 to 900 cm−1) compared with BDP sediments. The geochemical differences between the study areas may play a crucial role in the clinical manifestation of Blackfoot disease observed only in Chianan Plain, SW Taiwan. 相似文献
18.
莱州湾河流表层沉积物中六溴环十二烷的含量水平、分布及组成特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从莱州湾附近河流采集了36个表层沉积物样品,采用高效液相色谱耦合三重四极杆串联质谱的分析方法对沉积物中的六溴环十二烷（HBCDsl3种异构体进行了测定,目的是表征研究区域内HBCDs的污染水平和组成特征,并探讨其分布、来源及影响因素。结果表明,莱州湾河流沉积物中ZHBCDs的含量范围为0．03～20．17ng／gdw（均值是2．14ng／gdw）：较国内外其他河流,该研究区域HBCDs含量水平较低。HBCDs异构体组成各不相同,除1个站位外,其他站位样品中7-HBCD占主导地位（52．3％～97．3％,均值72．4％）,但是在农业区a-HBCD相对丰度较高。对HBCDs的分布特征及来源分析得出,含量较高的站点多集中在工业区,呈现出明显的点源特征：而远离工业区的采样点,HBCDs可能主要来自大气的传输和沉降,且HBCDs的含量与TOC含量呈现出较好的相关性,表明TOC是非工业区分布的一个控制因素。 相似文献
19.
稀土的开发和广泛应用使得人们倍加关注其在环境中的分布及其环境地球化学行为。赣江作为鄱阳湖流域五大入湖河之一,发源于稀土资源富集的赣南地区,而其下游水体及周边地下水中稀土元素的含量和分异特征目前尚不完全清楚。以赣江北支水体及沉积物为研究对象,开展了稀土元素地球化学研究。结果表明,赣江北支水体中稀土元素总量在地表水中为230~1 146 ng/L(均值458.85 ng/L),地下水中为284~1 498 ng/L(均值634.94 ng/L),沉积物中稀土元素总量为177.9~270.7 mg/kg(均值226.99 mg/kg)。PHREEQC模拟计算表明,水体中的稀土元素主要以碳酸根络合物(REEC03+)的形式存在。地表水和地下水总体上均表现为重稀土元素相较于轻、中稀土元素富集,沉积物未表现出明显的富集特性;水体具有Ce、Eu负异常特点,而沉积物表现为Ce正异常和Eu负异常,指示氧化还原环境和水岩相互作用对稀土元素在水-沉积物系统中迁移转化的影响。地下水中稀土元素的含量沿流向具有上升趋势,而水体中重稀土元素的富集程度不断减弱,同时碳酸根络合物(REEC03+)的占比不断降低,反映水体中稀土元素的含量受到pH、胶体吸附、络合作用以及地下水-地表水相互作用的影响。水体中重稀土元素的富集受到碳酸根络合反应的影响,Ce、Eu负异常与Ce氧化沉淀和母岩特性相关。Gd异常值表明,研究区中下游水体中的Gd元素受到人为输入的影响。 相似文献