共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 750 毫秒
1.
Derek D. Lichti Changjae Kim Sonam Jamtsho 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(4):360-368
This paper describes a new method for integrated range camera system self-calibration in which both traditional camera calibration parameters and rangefinder systematic error parameters are estimated simultaneously in a free-network bundle adjustment of observations to signalised targets. Its mathematical basis is collinearity and range observation equations augmented with correction models for systematic error sources identified in the data. The self-calibration results from datasets captured with two different range cameras, a SwissRanger SR3000 and a SwissRanger SR4000, are presented and analysed in detail. The method’s effectiveness is demonstrated in terms of systematic error removal and independent accuracy assessment. Up to a 54% reduction in the residual RMS was achieved by inclusion of the proposed error models in the self-calibration adjustment. An improvement of at least 74% in the RMS of object point co-ordinate differences, over that achieved without calibration or provided by the manufacturer’s software (in the case of the SR3000), was realised in an independent accuracy assessment. In addition, the effects of several influencing variables, including the range stochastic error model, the network geometry and the range measurements themselves, on key correlation mechanisms are analysed in detail. 相似文献
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在无GPS信号的受限环境中,基于序列立体影像的运动平台视觉定位精度较高,能够改正航迹推算方法的误差累积,但在纹理贫乏或光照不足的环境下容易定位失败。为提高受限环境下运动平台定位的精度与稳健性,提出一种基于联邦滤波的立体相机、惯性测量单元（inertial measurement unit,IMU）及里程计组合导航方法。该方法在联邦滤波中利用IMU分别同里程计与立体相机构成子滤波器,有效避免立体视觉定位失效而导致的系统定位失败,提高了定位稳健性。地下巷道实验结果证明,所提方法能有效提高运动平台导航定位的精度,并且在立体视觉定位失效的情况下仍能实现连续定位。 相似文献
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Three-dimensional imaging systems have evolved significantly in the last two decades due to increase in demand for tasks in the field of close range photogrammetry. The fast and growing need of 3D imaging devices has given rise to range image technology, especially time-of-flight (TOF) cameras, that provide direct measurement of distance between the camera and the targeted surface. A significant advantage of TOF devices over traditional range data sensors is their capability to provide frame rate range data over a full image array. In phase shift TOF cameras, phase shift sampling of the received signal is used to measure amplitude, phase and the offset (intensity) of the received signal. As a result, the quality of the measurement of these sensors depends heavily on signal-to-noise (SNR) of the incoming signal and the subsequent processing algorithms. A detailed understanding of the statistical distributions of the measurement parameters is crucial for accurate distance measurement analysis especially in low SNR scenarios. In this paper, we provide explicit noise models for the three parameters of amplitude, phase and intensity. The proposed stochastic model helps in investigating the effect of noise on signal and classifying range data reliability in TOF cameras. The model is used for prediction of errors in a TOF camera under various SNR conditions. Experimental verification confirms the validity of the model using real data for range error classification under different noise conditions. 相似文献
4.
Uwe Soergel Eckart Michaelsen Antje Thiele Erich Cadario Ulrich Thoennessen 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2009,64(5):490-500
SAR stereo image analysis for 3D information extraction is mostly carried out based on imagery taken under same-side or opposite-side viewing conditions. For urban scenes in practice stereo is up to now usually restricted to the first configuration, because increasing image dissimilarity connected with rising illumination direction differences leads to a lack of suitable features for matching, especially in the case of low or medium resolution data. However, due to two developments SAR stereo from arbitrary viewing conditions becomes an interesting option for urban information extraction. The first one is the availability of airborne sensor systems, which are capable of more flexible data acquisition in comparison to satellite sensors. This flexibility enables multi-aspect analysis of objects in built-up areas for various kinds of purpose, such as building recognition, road network extraction, or traffic monitoring. The second development is the significant improvement of the geometric resolution providing a high level of detail especially of roof features, which can be observed from a wide span of viewpoints. In this paper, high-resolution SAR images of an urban scene are analyzed in order to infer buildings and their height from the different layover effects in views taken from orthogonal aspect angles. High level object matching is proposed that relies on symbolic data, representing suitable features of urban objects. Here, a knowledge-based approach is applied, which is realized by a production system that codes a set of suitable principles of perceptual grouping in its production rules. The images are analyzed separately for the presence of certain object groups and their characteristics frequently appearing on buildings, such as salient rows of point targets, rectangular structures or symmetries. The stereo analysis is then accomplished by means of productions that combine and match these 2D image objects and infer their height by 3D clustering. The approach is tested using real SAR data of an urban scene. 相似文献
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提出一种能够在强约束条件下快速进行相机标定的方法。通过相机间6个相互独立的约束,充分利用系统的几何条件,确定相邻立体相机的固有关系;再以共线方程为基础推导强约束条件下的平差模型,并应用于自检校光束法平差,从而实现多相机系统的快速标定;最后利用改进的PMVS三维重建方法开展标定后系统的人体三维重建。实验表明,通过加入强约束条件,增加平差的多余观测数,提高了标定精度和鲁棒性,对三维重建的精度亦有较大提高,并且该方法可推广到多个相机组成的多相机立体量测系统的标定中。 相似文献
6.
基于SIFT算法的无人机航空遥感影像匹配 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
当无人机低空飞行获取高分辨率遥感影像时,由于不同摄站点拍摄角度不同,使得建筑物等凸出地面的物体在立体像对上成像时产生投影差,导致物体成像几何形状发生畸变并且出现地面高层建筑物之间遮挡现象严重的问题,从而导致匹配困难,成为影响无人机航空遥感影像匹配质量的主要因素。本文采用对旋转、遮挡、缩放、图像局部灰度变化等都具有较强的稳定性的SIFT算法来进行匹配,并取得了很好的效果。 相似文献
7.
本文是机器视觉参量下的三维数字摄影测量智能构象第三部分,以仿生复眼运动目标捕获的3-3-2信息处理方式为切入点,提出生物利用复眼进行三维成像的基本原理,然而由于传统仿生视觉受到硬件条件制约,所以本文在仿生复眼3-3-2信息获取理论的基础上,利用新一代微透镜阵列光场相机技术,提出了一种以单张光场影像获取目标场景深度信息的方法,并将其应用至绝对深度测量中。由于光场影像的一个重要的特性在于记录进入相机的不同光线的强度与方向信息,本文提出利用光线信息进行多深度层次重聚焦的方法,通过对物点在不同层次进行聚焦代价计算,确定出物点成像的平面,最终构建基于物点成像平面位置的深度图。与传统的光场深度估计相比,本文方法计算的深度图可以显著提升分辨率,且不依赖于光场微透镜的数目。为了验证本文方法的有效性,利用本文的算法与现有的深度信息的算法进行深度计算的比较。 相似文献
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Multi-temporal aerial imagery captured via an approach called repeat station imaging (RSI) facilitates post-hazard assessment of damage to infrastructure. Spectral-radiometric (SR) variations caused by differences in shadowing may inhibit successful change detection based on image differencing. This study evaluates a novel approach to shadow classification based on bi-temporal imagery, which exploits SR change signatures associated with transient shadows. Changes in intensity (brightness from red–green–blue images) and intensity-normalized blue waveband values provide a basis for classifying transient shadows across a range of material types with unique reflectance properties, using thresholds that proved versatile for very different scenes. We derive classification thresholds for persistent shadows based on hue to intensity ratio (H/I) images, by exploiting statistics obtained from transient shadow areas. We assess shadow classification accuracy based on this procedure, and compare it to the more conventional approach of thresholding individual H/I images based on frequency distributions. Our efficient and semi-automated shadow classification procedure shows improved mean accuracy (93.3%) and versatility with different image sets over the conventional approach (84.7%). For proof-of-concept, we demonstrate that overlaying bi-temporal imagery also facilitates normalization of intensity values in transient shadow areas, as part of an integrated procedure to support near-real-time change detection. 相似文献
9.
为提高配网带电作业机器人在开展带电作业时对导线的识别与定位的准确性,本文提出了一种基于单线激光雷达传感器与视觉系统融合的定位方法,获取导线的空间三维坐标。并通过研究多传感器在户外强光环境下的工作特点,提出了基于激光雷达深度信息与图像信息的多传感器融合算法。首先利用激光雷达与相机事先进行像素级标定,使图像像素与激光雷达深度点云一一对应;然后利用Canny算法与霍夫变换,获取图像中作业导线;最后计算出导线与雷达点云空间中相交部分空间位置,实现机器人在户外强光下高精度、高效率地进行导线识别定位,帮助机器人完成抓取导线等动作。 相似文献
10.
几何配准是影像后续处理的重要前提,是遥感信息处理领域研究的热点之一。复杂地形区多时相遥感影像的高精度配准一直是难以突破的难题,光流估计法通过逐像素位移增量解算为此提供了可行的解决思路,但光流法对地物变化异常敏感,经常导致计算的光流场及配准影像存在异常。为此,本文提出一种基于光流校正的复杂地形区多时相遥感影像配准方法,采用亮度和梯度双重约束获取光流场初值,在此基础上使用高斯拉普拉斯算子对异常光流进行检测,然后通过Delaunay三角形曲面插值对异常光流进行校正处理,从而得到各像素精准位移。实验表明,本文提出方法对存在地物变化的复杂地形区多时相遥感影像,可实现高保真、高精度的配准。 相似文献
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Sreenivas Kandrika R. S. Dwivedi 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(3):731-737
Information on the depth and bed width of ravines (network of gullies) at large scales is critical for their reclamation and management. Hitherto such information has been generated from aerial photographs and space borne stereo images with medium to coarse ‘z’ – axis resolution. The present study, aims at demonstrating the potential of Cartosat ?1 (an Indian Earth observations satellite) stereo images with 2.5 m spatial resolution in deriving morphometric information on ravines for their reclamative grouping. The study area is a part of Jhansi and Hamirpur districts of Uttar Pradesh, northern India. The approach involves acquiring precise ground control points using Differential GPS (DGPS), triangulation, DEM extraction and generation of ortho image as well as anaglyphs for stereo viewing. The depth and bed width of ravines were measured in the field for validation. A comparison with field observations reveal that the bed width of ravines and depth can be measured successfully with Carto-1 stereo data. The anaglyph data was used to delineate various categories of ravines based on their depth and bed width. Results indicate that the Cartosat-1 stereo images are quite suitable for delineation of three categories of ravines, namely shallow (<3 m deep and <18 m bed width), medium deep (3–9 m deep and >18 m bed width) and deep (>9 m deep) which are important for their reclamation. 相似文献
13.
Wumeng Huang 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(9):998-1016
ABSTRACT The scene-rendering mechanism based on binocular vision is one of the key techniques for the VR globe to achieve immersion-type visualization of global 3D scenes. However, this special rendering mechanism also requires that the 3D scene is continuously drawn twice within one frame, which significantly affects the rendering efficiency of VR globes. Therefore, we propose a binocular parallel rendering method. This method first improves the current rendering process of VR globes by assigning the rendering tasks for the left and right camera of VR to be processed on different CPU cores, thereby achieving parallel rendering of binocular scenes. Second, due to the problem of inconsistent resolution of binocular scenes caused by different viewpoints for the left and right cameras, we propose a resolution synchronize algorithm. this algorithm conducts real-time synchronization on the resolution of scene in the rendering process and thus avoids the problem of erroneous binocular stereo matching. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of the method in this paper through experiments. The results of experiments indicate that while the method in this paper can ensure the consistency of binocular scene resolution, it can decrease the frame time of VR globes by approximately 27% on average. 相似文献
14.
“天绘一号”传输型摄影测量与遥感卫星 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
介绍了“天绘一号”卫星的总体方案、技术特点、研制历程和应用概况, 重点介绍了“天绘一号”卫星的技术特点和应用前景, 以便用户了解、熟悉“天绘一号”卫星, 更好使用其各种影像产品, 更好发挥卫星的应用效能。“天绘一号”卫星摄影定位与测图系统采用LMCCD(Line Matrix Charge Coupled Device)测绘体制, 由前视、正视和后视3台全色CCD相机, 3台星敏感器以及1台GPS接收机组成;其中正视相机焦平面上还设计有4个小面阵CCD器件, 用于提高摄影定位的高程精度。卫星摄影测量基高比为1。卫星通过一个高强度、高刚度和高稳定度的测绘光学平台, 将3台测绘相机、3台星敏感器和1台多光谱相机集成为一体, 满足了测绘任务对星敏感器与相机间几何角度关系的高精度及高稳定度要求。在轨测试结果表明, 卫星摄影定位精度优于任务指标要求, 可满足无地面控制点条件下测制全球1:50000比例尺地图要求。 相似文献
15.
Ali Almagbile 《地球空间信息科学学报》2019,22(1):23-34
With rapid developments in platforms and sensors technology in terms of digital cameras and video recordings, crowd monitoring has taken a considerable attentions in many disciplines such as psychology, sociology, engineering, and computer vision. This is due to the fact that, monitoring of the crowd is necessary to enhance safety and controllable movements to minimize the risk particularly in highly crowded incidents (e.g. sports). One of the platforms that have been extensively employed in crowd monitoring is unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), because UAVs have the capability to acquiring fast, low costs, high-resolution and real-time images over crowd areas. In addition, geo-referenced images can also be provided through integration of on-board positioning sensors (e.g. GPS/IMU) with vision sensors (digital cameras and laser scanner). In this paper, a new testing procedure based on feature from accelerated segment test (FAST) algorithms is introduced to detect the crowd features from UAV images taken from different camera orientations and positions. The proposed test started with converting a circle of 16 pixels surrounding the center pixel into a vector and sorting it in ascending/descending order. A single pixel which takes the ranking number 9 (for FAST-9) or 12 (for FAST-12) was then compared with the center pixel. Accuracy assessment in terms of completeness and correctness was used to assess the performance of the new testing procedure before and after filtering the crowd features. The results show that the proposed algorithms are able to extract crowd features from different UAV images. Overall, the values of Completeness range from 55 to 70 % whereas the range of correctness values was 91 to 94 %. 相似文献
16.
利用ASTER立体像对提取相对DEM及正射影像地图制作 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文探讨在PCIGeomatica软件支持下,应用四川省泸州地区ASTER立体像对数据自动提取DEM及其正射影像地图制作。通过与当地实测地形图(1∶50000)比较,表明在平坦地区ASTER DEM与实测地形图吻合很好;在高程变化较大的区域由于太阳高度、方位影响和ASTER后视成像存在着较大的叠掩和阴影效应,ASTER DEM和实测DEM存在一些差异,但总体上可以满足中小比例尺(1∶500,000到1∶1000,000)地图应用。ASTER的应用为DEM的快速提取和正射影像地图制作提供了一种新的途径。 相似文献
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Christian Wöhler Pablo d’Angelo Lars Krüger Annika Kuhl Horst-Michael Groß 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2009,64(6):529-540
In this article we propose a method for combining geometric and real-aperture methods for monocular three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of static scenes at absolute scale. Our algorithm relies on a sequence of images of the object acquired by a monocular camera of fixed focal setting from different viewpoints. Object features are tracked over a range of distances from the camera with a small depth of field, leading to a varying degree of defocus for each feature. Information on absolute depth is obtained based on a Depth-from-Defocus approach. The parameters of the point spread functions estimated by Depth-from-Defocus are used as a regularisation term for Structure-from-Motion. The reprojection error obtained from bundle adjustment and the absolute depth error obtained from Depth-from-Defocus are simultaneously minimised for all tracked object features. The proposed method yields absolutely scaled 3D coordinates of the scene points without any prior knowledge about scene structure and camera motion. We describe the implementation of the proposed method both as an offline and as an online algorithm. Evaluating the algorithm on real-world data, we demonstrate that it yields typical relative scale errors of a few per cent. We examine the influence of random effects, i.e. the noise of the pixel grey values, and systematic effects, caused by thermal expansion of the optical system or by inclusion of strongly blurred images, on the accuracy of the 3D reconstruction result. Possible applications of our approach are in the field of industrial quality inspection; in particular, it is preferable to stereo cameras in industrial vision systems with space limitations or where strong vibrations occur. 相似文献
19.
影像配准是雷达立体摄影测量技术获取数字高程模型的一个关键步骤,也是一大难点。为了能够自动而又稳健地获取高精度的立体SAR像对配准结果,文中设计一种基于粗DEM、距离多普勒SAR构像模型和基于区域逐级窗口的立体SAR像对配准方法。该方法采用距离多普勒SAR成像模型和粗DEM获取像素级的粗略配准结果。在此基础上,采用基于区域的逐级窗口配准方法获取高精度的配准结果。文中最后利用立体SAR像对进行实验研究。实验结果表明,设计的立体像对配准方法可行,其配准精度可以达到子像素级,距离向为0.3像素左右,方位向为0.1像素左右,完全能够满足雷达立体测图的要求,而且该方法还具有很好的稳健性。 相似文献