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1.
1900—2000年亚洲地磁场长期变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据第七代国际地磁参考场（ＩＲＦ）．计算亚洲地区（１０Ｎ—７０Ｎ，４０Ｅ－－１６０Ｅ）各个地磁要素１９００－－２０００年期间（时间间隔为５年）１网格值；绘制相应年代地磁北向分量（Ｘ）、东向分量（Ｙ）和垂直分量（Ｚ）的长期变化分布图；分析地滋长期变化的时空变化特征． 相似文献
2.
陈伯舫 《地震地磁观测与研究》1997,18(3):41-46
用子波分析法分析了Ｓｉｔｋａ台地磁东向分量１９４８￣１９９１的月均值资料，这些月均值资料先作预处理，即消除外源场变化的影响，然后再进行子波变换，同时，作者也绘制了（ｄＹ／ｄｔ）－ｔ曲线作比较。从结果看，本文所用的子波分析法确能较客观地检测出Ｓｉｔｋａ台６０年代末的ｊｅｒｋ，但不能很好地检测出７０年代末较小的ｊｅｒｋ。 相似文献
3.
从中国地磁台网看1991年jerk 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
从我国地磁台的Ｙ分量资料显示了１９９１年ｊｅｒｋ（Ｙ）在中国地区存在某些特殊性,ｊｅｒｋ出现的时间不一致,我国西北及部分华北地区ｊｅｒｋ出现在１９９１年,可是我国东南地区ｊｅ的出现时间滞后至１９９３￣１９９４年,这两个地区还有一过渡带（地区）。 相似文献
4.
以地球介质参数尾波Ｑ（－１）作为响应，给出了加卸载响应比Ｙ（Ｑ－１）的计算公式。利用美国南加州地区频率分别为１．５Ｈｚ，３．０Ｈｚ，６．０Ｈｚ，１２．０Ｈｚ，２４．０Ｈｚ等５个频段的尾波Ｑ数据，研究了美国北岭地震（１９９年１月１７日，Ｍｗ６．７）前后的加卸载响应比Ｙ（Ｑ－１）随时间的变化。结果表明，除频率为１２．０Ｈｚ这一频段外，其它频段的加卸载响应比Ｙ（Ｑ－１）在震前都有不同程度的变化，其中频率为２４．０Ｈｚ的Ｙ（Ｑ－１）在１９９３年明显升高。震后各频段的Ｙ（Ｑ－１）趋于正常。 相似文献
5.
分析了从１９８５年９月至１９９２年１２月共１１５次急始型磁暴期间武昌多普勒台阵观测到的电离层暂态振荡（ＳＩＯ）．这种与地磁ＳＣ相伴的ＳＩＯ可分成ＳＣＦ（＋，－），ＳＣＦ（－，＋），ＳＣＦ（＋）与ＳＣＦ（－）几种类型．分析发现，伴随地磁急始在Ｆ区总是存在突发电离层暂态振荡，除非电波被吸收、穿透、被Ｅ５屏蔽，以致Ｆ区无反射回波或在反射区电离密度的高度梯度特别大，使多普勒频率很小在多普勒图上显示不出来．通常ＳＣＦ（＋，－）发生在白天，而ＳＣＦ（－，＋）发生在晚上．ＳＩＯ与地磁急始有很好的对应关系． 相似文献
6.
陈伯舫 《地震地磁观测与研究》1997,18(2):40-44
用通日月均值减去夜均值计算的月均值资料和Ｓｏｍｐｉ谱分析法分析了１４个台站的北向分量１年周期变化的振幅向相位，时段为１９８４－１９８８年。分析结果显示用Ｐ＾０ｎ（ｄｎｄ＝１，…，６）复合模式的估算的Ｃ值较合理。各台的Ｃ值比较一致。 相似文献
7.
根据ＩＧＹ／ＩＧＣ期间全球地磁台网以及中国地磁台站的资料，计算出每－ＵＴ小时的Ｓｑ外源和内源电流体系．对Ｓｑ电流体系ＵＴ变化和经度效应的分析研究表明，Ｓｑ外源电流体系的空间图案没有显著的ＵＴ变化，电流涡焦点的地理纬度与磁赤道有密切关系，其变化范围，北半球为２５°－３５°Ｎ，南半球为３０°－４２．５°Ｓ．外源电流总强度的平均值为２２９ｋＡ（北半球）和１７３ｋＡ（南半球），其变化范围为±５０ｋＡ（北半球）和±４０ｋＡ（南半球）．Ｓｑ内源电流体系的图案和强度有显著的ＵＴ变化，电流体系焦点纬度有类似于外源电流系的变化．在大西洋、印度洋、北太平洋地区，内源电流体系的总强度明显小于大陆地区的内源电流强度，表明这些大洋地区上地幔电导率低于大陆地区． 相似文献
8.
根据Ｂｒｕｎｅ（１９７０）提出的震源位错模式，用发生在滇西地震实验场区鹤庆ＭＳ＝５．３中强地震的地震数字化监测资料，计算了Ｓ波谱，测定了鹤庆地震序列的震源参数．在此基础上研究了地面运动峰值速度参数（ｒ．ｖ）对地震应力降Δσ的依赖性．由地震标定关系给出（ｒ．ｖ）∝Δσ２／３，导出了用峰值速度参数求地震应力降的３个关系：ｌｇ（ｒ．ｖ）＝ｄ１＋（１／３）ｌｇＭ０＋（２／３）ｌｇΔσ；ｌｇ（ｒ．ｖ）＝ｄ２＋（１／３）ＭＬ＋（２／３）ｌｇΔσ；ｌｇΔσ＝－１．０＋１．５ｌｇ（ｒ．ｖ）．假定对大小地震的平均应力降取３．０ＭＰａ，由鹤庆地震序列的观测资料定出常数ｄ１＝－３．８８和ｄ２＝－０．３８．序列震源参数测定结果给出，地震矩为１０１１～１０１５Ｎ·ｍ，破裂半径ａ＝２００～６００ｍ．根据峰值速度测定的应力降Δσ＝０．１～１０ＭＰａ，平均为３．７ＭＰａ．用这些标度关系求出的应力降结果与Ｂｒｕｎｅ模式求应力降的结果比较一致．本文的研究结果还表明，地面运动峰值速度参数对地震应力降的依赖性比对地震矩的依赖性更强． 相似文献
9.
用｛Ｙ＿Ｋ｝Ｋ＝１，２，…，ｎ表示量Ｙ的巳有记载，当Ｙ＿Ｋ与Ｋ相关较强时，有些文章中就由Ｙ关于序号Ｋ的回归方程，取作为Ｙ在下一步的预测或预测的过渡值。本文对这种按顺序回归的回归系数进行剖析，得知：ｎ稍大时，前期与中期的数据Ｙ＿Ｋ在序回归中起主要作用，代表新近信息的后期Ｙ＿Ｋ作用甚小，因而回归值在尾端与实际值有较大偏离。加之，系数ｂ只是增量Ｙ＿Ｋ－Ｙ＿（Ｋ－１）的一种加权平均，以ｂ为步长外延未能刻划Ｙ＿（ｎ＋１）－Ｙ＿ｎ的起伏，故地震预测中应用序回归难有良好实效。 相似文献
10.
陈伯舫 《地震地磁观测与研究》1996,17(2):44-49
地面Ｓｑ磁场的分析在一定程度上揭示场向电流的存在，在赤道电射流区和低纬地区，某些日子的Ｙ分量或Ｄ分量Ｓｑ变化可明显地显示午间场向电流的存在，１９９０年１２月１１日Ｂａｃｌｉｅｕ，琼中，河内，Ｃｈａｐａ，通海和成都等台的Ｓｑ（Ｉ）曲线清楚表明由冬季半球流向夏季半球的午间场向电流的影响，此外，本文还用（夏－冬）／２法分析了Ｓｑ（Ｚ）的资料，从中也可观察到午间及清晨场向电流的踪迹。 相似文献
11.
Determination of hydraulic head, H, as a function of spatial coordinates and time, in ground water flow is the basis for aquifer management and for prediction of contaminant transport. Several computer codes are available for this purpose. Spatial distribution of the transmissivity, T(x,y), is a required input to these codes. In most aquifers, T varies in an erratic manner, and it can be characterized statistically in terms of a few moments: the expected value, the variance, and the variogram. Knowledge of these moments, combined with a few measurements, permits one to estimate T at any point using geostatistical methods. In a review of transmissivity data from 19 unconsolidated aquifers, Hoeksema and Kitanidis (1985) identified two types of the logtransmissivity Y= ln(T) variations: correlated variations with variance sigma2Yc and correlation scale, I(Y), on the order of kilometers, and uncorrelated variations with variance sigma2Yn. Direct identification of the logtransmissivity variogram, Gamma(Y), from measurements is difficult because T data are generally scarce. However, many head measurements are commonly available. The aim of the paper is to introduce a methodology to identify the transmissivity variogram parameters (sigma2Yc, I(Y), and sigma2Yn) using head data in formations characterized by large logtransmissivity variance. The identification methodology uses a combination of precise numerical simulations (carried out using analytic element method) and a theoretical model. The main objective is to demonstrate the application of the methodology to a regional ground water flow in Eagle Valley basin in west-central Nevada for which abundant transmissivity and head measurements are available. 相似文献
12.
本文对广东省海康盐场339^#深井8年来的水化观测资料进行了初步分析，认为该井Cl^-含量和Ca^ Mg^ 合量的下尝稳定型的，它们与气象等外界因素影响无明显关系，对一定范围内的地震活动具有震兆显示能力。 相似文献
13.
Eight data-driven models and five data pre-processing methods were summarized; the multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural network (ANN) and wavelet decomposition (WD) models were then used in short-term streamflow forecasting at four stations in the East River basin, China. The wavelet–artificial neural network (W-ANN) method was used to predict 1-month-ahead monthly streamflow at Longchuan station (LS). The results indicate better performance of MLR and wavelet–multiple linear regression (W-MLR) in analysing the stationary trained dataset. Four models showed similar performance in 1-day-ahead streamflow forecasting, while W-MLR and W-ANN performed better in 5-day-ahead forecasting. Three reservoirs were shown to have more influence on downstream than upstream streamflow and models had the worst performance at Boluo station. Furthermore, the W-ANN model performed well for 1-month-ahead streamflow forecasting at LS with consideration of a deterministic component. 相似文献
14.
本文根据弹性静力位错理论,讨论了均匀各向同性的弹性半空间中水平面内央任何斜交角度的走滑断层之间的相互影响问题。为了便于从数学上讨论,本文中作了一些假定。根据这些假定,讨论了Y型、V型和X型这三种类型的斜交断层之间的相互影响,井讨论了T型和十字型这两种特殊交汇断层之间的相互作用。结果表明,这几种斜交断层之间的相互影响与其几何配置有关,即位于发震断层附近不同范围内的与之斜交的断层受发震断层的影响不同。这些理论结果对地震危险性的估计和地震预报是有用的。 相似文献
15.
青虾生长规律与群体组成的研究 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
报道了上海川沙县孙桥河道青虾的生长呈明显的阶段性,如雄虾的第一阶段（1990年6—11月）的生长方程为L_t=3.38[1-e~(-0.4943(t+0.1674)];第二阶段（1991年2—6月）的生长方程为L_t=6.57/(1+e~(2.1805-0.2787t);它们的拐点分别为2.07月龄和11.97月龄。渔获群体分析结果表明,月龄为0-15月,体长范围为1.30—6.58cm,体重范围为0.060—13.39g;一年出现两个群体,其中夏季群体生活期从当年7月至翌年10月,数量大,占群体数量80％以上;秋季群体生活期从当年9月至翌年12月,约占群体数量20％左右。群体中一般雄虾数量多于雌虾数量,月性比(?)在0.61—1.35之间变动。 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACTThe aim of the present paper was to improve understanding of the rainfall dynamics in Bas-Congo and Kinshasa provinces, in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The first objective of the study was achieved by analysing the spatial correlations of monthly, seasonal, annual and individual monthly rainfall amounts of Kinshasa and Bas-Congo. The second objective was achieved through investigating and quantifying the temporal trends and their spatial variations. The results demonstrated notably high average inter-station correlation of +0.63 for dry season series, followed by monthly rainfall series with an average inter-station correlation of +0.58. However, there was no station with a stable monthly rainfall regime, i.e. with mean precipitation concentration index lower than 10% (it varies between 14.2 and 21.9%). Moreover, Kinshasa experienced an increase of rainfall with an average annual rate of change of +4.59 mm/year for the period 1961–2006. The results will be helpful for efficient water resources management and for mitigating the adverse impacts of future extreme drought or flood occurrences.
Editor M.C. Acreman Associate editor N. Verhoest 相似文献
17.
通过对广州地磁台环境干扰源的监测，计算与分析得到：（1）不同时期产生的二个干扰源对地磁台1号墩磁场总强度测值的迭加影响为－25nT，与多台资料对比结果一致。（2）地磁台1号和5 ，1号与干扰源场区外Ⅰ号比测墩测得的磁场总强度、水平强度及垂直强度之差随时间的变化不明显，故认为广州地磁台环境干扰源目前尚属稳定。 相似文献
18.
19.
Impact of climate change on water availability in the Macquarie‐Castlereagh River Basin in Australia
The impact of future climate on runoff generation and the implications of these changes for management of water resources in a river basin are investigated by running these changes through catchment and river system models. Two conceptual daily rainfall‐runoff models are used to simulate runoff across the Macquarie‐Castlereagh region for historical (1895–2006) and future (～2030) climate based on outputs from 15 of the 23 IPCC AR4 GCMs for the A1B global warming scenario. The estimates of future runoff are used as inputs to the river system model. The mean annual historical rainfall averaged across the Macquarie‐Castlereagh region is 544 mm and the simulated runoff is 34 and 30 mm for SIMHYD and Sacramento rainfall‐runoff models, respectively. The mean annual future rainfall and runoff across the region are projected to decrease. The modelling results show a median estimate of a 5% reduction for SIMHYD (50% confidence interval ? 11 to + 7%) and a 7% reduction for Sacramento (50% confidence interval ? 15 to + 8%) in mean annual runoff under a ～2030 climate for the region. The results from the river system modelling indicate that under the ～2030 climate scenario, the median of general security and supplementary diversions are projected to decrease by 4% (50% confidence interval ? 10 to + 5%) and 2% (50% confidence interval ? 5 to + 3%) respectively for the SIMHYD inflows and 8% (50% confidence interval ? 17 to + 6%) and 5% (50% confidence interval ? 11 to + 3%) for the Sacramento inflows. The future annual and seasonal storage volumes for the Burrendong Dam and inflows at all major locations across the region are projected to be lower than the historical records. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
A spatial analysis of structural controls on Karst groundwater geochemistry at a regional scale 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Danile Valdes Jean-Paul Dupont Benoît Laignel Sylvie Ogier Thierry Leboulanger Barbara J. Mahler 《Journal of Hydrology》2007,340(3-4):244-255
The coupled spatial investigation of the geometrical and geochemical properties of a chalk karstic aquifer provides information on the degree to which geologic structure controls aquifer functioning and groundwater quality. Major ion concentrations in the chalk aquifer of the Haute-Normandie region (France) were measured at a high spatial resolution (more than 100 sampling sites over a 6000 km2 area) and mapped. The first observation is a continuity of the geochemical properties, in spite of the karstic properties of the aquifer principal components analysis of geochemical maps revealed two types of spatial distributions: ions with an autochthonous origin (Ca2+, HCO3), and ions with a principally allochthonous origin (Cl−, Na+, , ). Mg2+ was categorised as both autochthonous (chalk dissolution) and allochthonous (brought in by infiltration of Tertiary deposits). To better understand the spatial distribution of the geochemistry, the aquifer geochemistry was compared to the physical properties of the aquifer, in particular aquifer thickness (representing aquifer geometry) and piezometric level (representing aquifer flow). Use of spatial correlation between the geochemical and the geometrical properties provided insight regarding the directional structure of the data and give evidence of directional relations between geochemical and geometrical properties. The degree of mineralisation (principally composed of Ca2+ and ions) increased along the direction of flow, corresponding to an increase in chalk dissolution rate along the flowpath. The steepest mineralisation gradients were related to an increase in the Mg/Ca ratio, evidence of longer residence times and corresponding to zones where aquifer flow capacity is limited because of a decrease of the thickness of the flow section (anticlines or faults). These results highlight the dominant role played by the geometry and the structural context in controlling aquifer geochemistry. 相似文献