共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 437 毫秒
1.
地震液化条件下重力式码头的变形破坏机理 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
现场调查发现在神户地震期间重力式码头破坏时都发生了相当大的侧向位移，因此，阐明挡土墙有变形机理对于改善抗震设计具有十分重要的意义。为此，根据相似原理设计了重力式码头的地基模型，进行了一系列的振动台试验。试验结果表明：基底土的强度降低和局部液化是挡土墙变形破坏的主导因素。墙后动土压力的增加为挡土墙的运动提供了条件。在液化条件下重力式码头地基的运动以侧向位移为主。重力作用是地基侧向运动的主要影响因素。减少作用于挡土墙上的动土压力和充分填实基底下的砂土是增加重力式码头抗震稳定性的重要措施。 相似文献
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挡土墙是一种用于支撑不稳定土体或岩层的支护结构,它承受较大的土壤侧向压力。为避免各种形式的挡土墙破坏,必须确保挡土墙满足各种强度试验。本文对强度指标试验的方法进行研究分析,通过颗粒分析实验、容重实验、含水率实验、击实实验、直接剪切试验和压缩实验得到相应测定结果,并对挡土墙的强度指标和稳定性进行测试计算。从而对挡土墙后土压力进行分析,从而确定挡土墙高度、顶部宽度和底部宽度,以确保所需尺寸符合工程要求。 相似文献
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深基坑挡土墙侧向位移回归分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对上海软土地基深基坑开挖的几个实例进行了回归分析，得出深基坑挡土墙墙顶及墙身侧向位移分布都与抛物线吻合，实测值与计算值误差较小。且推导出挡土墙任意位置处的侧向位移计算公式。 相似文献
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废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙是一种有效利用废旧轮胎的理想途径,但直立的模块式废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙不能承受高强度的地震作用,因而提出格栅条带式加筋的方法提高其抗震性能。根据土-结构动力相似体系,设计格栅条带式加筋废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙振动台试验模型,考虑地震强度、地震波、格栅加筋长度、格栅加筋间距以及墙面坡度的影响,分析胎面墙体与回填料加速度、墙体侧向位移、墙顶表面回填料沉降以及墙背动土压力等地震响应特征,并与无加筋的废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙的振动台模型试验进行对比。研究结果表明:格栅条带式加筋胎面挡土墙的方式显著改善了无加筋状态的胎面挡土墙的地震响应特征,提高了胎面挡土墙的抗震性能,格栅条带式加筋直立式废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙可以作为理想的墙体进行工程推广应用。 相似文献
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通过室内模型试验,实测得到试验条件下,天然地基和刚性桩复合地基作用在不允许有位移的刚性挡土墙上的侧向土压力;通过与天然地基对比分析,获得了刚性桩复合地基的侧向土压力特性及分布规律。结果表明,刚性桩复合地基中桩的参与（包括桩的荷载深层传递作用、桩负摩擦区的影响和桩体对桩间土水平附加应力的“遮拦”作用等）使复合地基侧向土压力大小和分布规律明显区别于天然地基;在给定荷载水平下,刚性桩复合地基的侧向土压力值低于天然地基,侧向土压力影响范围较天然地基作用位置更深;在试验条件下,刚性挡土墙距离建筑物0.35～1.4 m范围内,当荷载水平达到地基承载力特征值时,刚性桩复合地基作用在刚性挡土墙上的总土压力和附加土压力约为天然地基的43.3%～80.1%和15.9%～59.8%。 相似文献
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渐近状态土压力计算方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
挡土墙侧向土压力主要取决于墙体位移条件。在考虑土体平面应变简单加载条件下不同方向主应力的大小关系以及砂土剪胀特性的基础上,由砂土渐近状态公式得到挡土墙主动位移土压力区和被动位移土压力区任意墙体位移条件下侧向土压力系数K的计算公式。与已有方法相比,通过引入渐近状态准则,考虑了砂土剪胀特性对土压力大小的影响,计算参数确定方法试简单。通过与模型试验的对比,验证了该公式的合理性。 相似文献
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根据近年来冻土力学、冻土物理学等研究成果,简述了季节冻土区挡土墙构筑物冻害防治技术的主要内容,包括：挡土墙冻胀破坏的形式,挡土墙冻害产生的原因,挡土墙抗冻结构计算方法,抗冻胀设计参数的确定,挡土墙抗冻技术措施等,可供工程设计人员参考。 相似文献
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斜坡地基上高填方边坡产生的侧向极限土压力是重力式挡土墙设计中一个关键因素。为了简化计算分析该土压力,基于墙后填方土体的折线型"越顶"失稳破坏模式,采用极限平衡方法建立了滑动土体及其与墙体之间土体的受力分析模型,推导了墙后侧向极限土压力计算表达式,利用极值原理得到了极限土压力的计算方法。将所提出的方法应用于衢宁铁路屏南车站斜坡地基高填方工程,计算结果表明,与塑性极限分析法所得的侧向极限土压力计算结果的相对误差在1%以内;同时,给出了填方坡面倾角、墙背倾角、自然斜坡面倾角、填土内摩擦角、墙背外摩擦角等对墙后侧向极限土压力的影响特征。 更多还原 相似文献
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在逆作法深基坑围护结构体系支撑刚度计算中,通常认为结构自重及施工荷载均由竖向支承体系承担,而忽略了其横向承载能力,造成了工程上的浪费。本文对竖向支承体系所具有的侧向刚度进行研究,提供一种基于数值分析结果的侧向刚度的计算方法,可用于快速计算工程中各类立柱结构形式的侧向刚度。文章通过工程实例对不同形式下的钢管柱和格构柱结构体系的侧向刚度进行数值计算,给出相应的侧向刚度拟合计算式。分析表明拟合算式所得侧向刚度略大于数值计算所得,误差在2.50%~9.26%之间,根据拟合算式计算排架结构的侧向刚度能够满足围护结构分析的要求。本文提出的侧向刚度计算方法可靠,能够用于类似工程,可供深基坑工程设计、施工人员参考。 相似文献
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Analysis of piles subjected to lateral soil movements using a three‐dimensional displacement approach 
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下载免费PDF全文 Hiroyoshi Hirai 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(2):235-268
An analytical approach using the three‐dimensional displacement of a soil is investigated to provide analytical solutions of the horizontal response of a circular pile subjected to lateral soil movements in nonhomogeneous soil. The lateral stiffness coefficient of the pile shaft in nonhomogeneous soil is derived from the rocking stiffness coefficient that is obtained from the analytical solution, taking into account the three‐dimensional displacement represented in terms of scalar potentials in the elastic three‐dimensional analysis. The relationship between horizontal displacement, rotation, moment, and shear force of a pile subjected to lateral soil movements in nonhomogeneous soil is obtainable in the form of the recurrence equation. For the relationship between the lateral pressure and the horizontal displacement, it is assumed that the behavior is linear elastic up to lateral soil yield, and the lateral pressure is constant under the lateral soil yield. The interaction factors between piles subjected to both lateral load and moment are calculated, taking into account the lateral soil movement. The formulation of the lateral displacement and rotation of the pile base subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soils is presented by taking into account the Mindlin equation and the equivalent thickness for soil layers in the equivalent elastic method. For lateral movement, lateral pressure, bending moment, and interaction factors, there are small differences between results obtained from the 1‐D and the 3‐D displacement methods except a very flexible pile. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Analysis of rectangular piles subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soil using a Winkler model approach 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Hiroyoshi Hirai 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2015,39(9):937-968
An analytical approach using a Winkler model based on two lateral soil displacement components in a three‐dimensional soil is investigated to provide analytical solutions of horizontal response of a rectangular pile subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soil. The two lateral displacement components of a soil surrounding the rectangular pile are represented by the Fourier series of displacement potential functions in the elastic three‐dimensional analysis. The lateral stiffness coefficient of the rectangular pile shaft in nonhomogeneous soil is derived from the rocking stiffness coefficient taking into account rocking rotation of a rigid pile shaft. The relationship between horizontal displacement, rotation, moment, and shear force for the rectangular pile subjected to horizontal loads in nonhomogeneous soil is obtainable in the form of the recurrence equation. The formulation of lateral displacement and rotation for a rectangular pile subjected to lateral loads on the pile base in nonhomogeneous soil is proposed by taking into account Mindlin's equation and the equivalent thickness for soil layers in the equivalent elastic method. The difference of lateral behavior between square and circular piles subjected to lateral loads is insignificant. The effect of aspect ratio of the rectangular pile on the lateral behavior is great for the lower stiffness ratio between pile and soil and the larger length–equivalent diameter ratio. The effect of the value of Poisson's ratio of soil on lateral stiffness coefficient is relatively small except Poisson's ratio close to 0.5. The comparison of the results calculated by the current method for a rectangular pile subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soil has shown good agreement with those obtained from the analytical methods and the finite element method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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岩石试件端面摩擦效应数值模拟研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
试件端面摩擦效应直接影响试件内的塑性等效应变、侧向位移的分布和单元应力应变曲线。本文运用ANSYS中的接触单元模拟了平面应变状态下端面摩擦效应对塑性等效应变、侧向位移和单元应力应变曲线的影响,得到了不同摩擦系数时塑性等效应变及侧向位移的渐进变化形式。当接触面摩擦较小时,塑性等效应变图案为上下两个X形网络,侧向位移上下分布均匀;当接触面摩擦增大时,塑性等效应变网络向中部靠拢并且明显增大,侧向位移上下分布不均匀,中部较上下端面位移大;当试件端面侧向位移被限制,即摩擦力很大时,塑性等效应变网络变为一个X形局部化带,侧向位移分布更加不均匀,中部明显隆起。 相似文献
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轴向和横向荷载作用下单桩的受力变形分析是桩基研究的重点内容之一。单桩在水平荷载作用下会产生一定的水平位移与弯矩,而此时作用轴向荷载会使得桩体出现一定的压曲与附加弯矩,以致轴横向荷载作用下的单桩受力变形与单独作用水平荷载或轴向荷载的单桩存在较大的区别。故本文基于能量法,首先分别建立轴横向荷载作用下单桩的受力变形能量方程以及桩周土体能量方程,然后考虑桩土变形协调与一定的桩土相互作用,基于最小势能原理得到单桩变形控制微分方程,并采用幂级数法进行求解,最终得到轴横向荷载作用下单桩受力变形分析的幂级数解答。通过编程计算,将本文方法计算结果与试验结果、数值分析结果、规范法计算结果进行对比分析,验证了本文方法的合理性和可行性。在此基础上,基于本文解答进行了影响参数分析,结果表明:桩体长径比、桩土弹性模量比、桩周土模量深度变化系数均对轴横向受荷单桩的桩身水平位移与最大弯矩值有一定的影响,其中桩周土模量深度变化系数以不小于0.6为宜。 相似文献
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探讨西南地区软土路基经塑料排水板方式处理后,路基侧向变形的规律。基于四川省遂资高速公路软土路基沉降变形监测的数据,对土体侧向变形随深度、侧向变形随时间的变化规律进行统计分析,并根据其变化特征,分别提出相应的预测模型。研究表明:（1）在路堤填筑过程中侧向水平位移近地表处（0.15～0.3倍软基厚度）侧向位移变化剧烈;（2）侧向水平位移随时间存在3种变化关系:填筑前期为ym=SD,路堤填筑从临界填筑高度到设计填筑高度的过程为ym=0.15SD,填筑完成后为ym=0.3SD。最大侧向水平位移随时间大致呈S形曲线分布;（3）根据侧向水平位移随深度变化特点、侧向水平位移随时间变化特点,分别提出y（z）=ae-z（bsinz+ccosz）、y（t）=a/（1+e（b-ctr））模型进行预测,预测结果与实测数据较为吻合。 相似文献
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A three‐dimensional displacement approach for analysis of laterally loaded piles in nonhomogeneous soil 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Hiroyoshi Hirai 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(16):1605-1635
An analytical approach using the three‐dimensional displacement of a soil is investigated to provide analytical solutions of the horizontal response of a circular pile subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soil. The rocking stiffness coefficient of the pile shaft in homogeneous soil is derived from the analytical solution taking into account the three‐dimensional displacement represented in terms of scalar potentials in the elastic three‐dimensional analysis. The lateral stiffness coefficient of the pile shaft in nonhomogeneous soil is derived from the rocking stiffness coefficient taking into account the rocking rotation of a rigid pile shaft. The relationship between horizontal displacement, rotation, moment, and shear force of a pile subjected to horizontal loads in nonhomogeneous soil is obtainable in the form of the recurrence equation. The formulation of the lateral displacement and rotation of the pile base subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soils is presented by taking into account Mindlin's equation and the equivalent thickness for soil layers in the equivalent elastic method. There is little difference between lateral, rocking, and couple stiffness coefficients each obtained from both the two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional methods except for the case of Poisson's ratio near 0.5. The comparison of results calculated by the current method for a pile subjected to lateral loads in homogeneous and nonhomogeneous soils has shown good agreement with those obtained from analytical and numerical methods. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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黏性土卸载屈服特性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过扰动的粉质黏土室内固结排水卸载剪切试验,分别得到真三轴和普通三轴侧向卸载条件下的应力-应变曲线。对这些曲线分析可知,它们表现为应变硬化和非线性,其初始阶段呈直线状,很快转变为曲线;真三轴试验（轴向应力 为常量、减围压 、保持应变 0）相比普通三轴试验（ 为常量、减 ,且中主应力 ）,真三轴试验屈服发生在应力差（ ）值较高、轴向应变值 较小处;将试验取得的各屈服点进行整理分析,认为这种土在卸载条件下的屈服表现较适宜于Matsuo-Nakai屈服强度准则。 相似文献
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Rock masses encountered in the field are jointed and highly anisotropic. An important manifestation of this characteristic of rock masses is that the blocks, when slipping, separate and create voids in the mass resulting in high lateral strain even under low axial stress. It has been shown in this study that the ratio of lateral to axial strain may be very high, especially, if the joints are critically oriented. The assumption of isotropic linearly elastic material is not applicable in such situations. This observation is based on the outcome of an extensive laboratory testing programme, in which a large number of specimens of a jointed rock mass with various joint configurations were tested under uniaxial loading conditions. The trends of experimental results for both lateral strain ratio and rock mass strength have also been verified through distinct element modelling. The reason for high lateral strains has been attributed to the creation of voids and also to the fact that permanent deformations due to slip commence along rock joints right from the start of loading process. A simple mechanistic model has also been suggested to explain the high values of lateral strain for rough and dilatant rock joints. The lateral strains in such situations are important in the design of rock bolts. An example from a recently completed hydroelectric project has also been discussed where high lateral strain was found to be responsible for excessive wall closure and failure of rock bolts. 相似文献