共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,(7)
深空网及其应用 (刘经南等 )一文阐述了深空网的概念、主要任务、发展历史、主要构成和关键技术手段 ,概括总结了深空网在天文观测和空间探测中的意义和应用过程 ,展望了深空网的发展趋势。OpenGL成像机理及其与摄影测量方位元素的相关分析(张祖勋等 )一文从射影几何的角度深入分析了OpenGL成像机理 ,并且从中分析出OpenGL与摄影测量相关的内外方位元素的表达。推导出了两种成像过程的转换公式 ,并建立了一套用摄影测量方法构造OpenGL透视成像矩阵的公式 ,通过一个工业零件在OpenGL中成像的试验 ,验证了摄影测量学中共线方程与OpenG… 相似文献
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摄影测量与计算机图形学存在着密切的关系,在深入分析摄影测量的成像原理后,基于微软WPF(Windows presentation foundation)框架的三维图形库,在计算机上实现透视成像的单个相机和双目相机的仿真模拟,并结合摄影测量后方交会和直接线性变换(DLT)算法验证相机模拟的正确性;基于上述相机模拟平台,实现透视投影的纹理映射算法并验证其正确性。 相似文献
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首先回顾了摄影测量的历史,从透视几何、成像设备、摄影平台、测量法和测量工具等4个方面较系统地总结了前人的贡献。其次,简要介绍了计算机视觉的起源,并从几何角度分析了计算机视觉与摄影测量之间的紧密联系,探讨了两者在实用上的一些区别。再次,从语义方面,分析了遥感学科的发展,与机器学习和计算机视觉之间的关系,以及目前深度学习和连接主义的盛行。最后,展望了摄影测量的未来,指出与计算机视觉、人工智能等学科的进一步交叉融合是摄影测量发展的必然之路。 相似文献
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雷达影像几何构像距离-共面方程 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
几何构像方程是遥感影像摄影测量最基本最重要的公式,简洁性和严密性是其能得到广泛应用的必要条件。本文分析了姿态对侧视雷达影像成像的影响,以传感器位置和姿态(外方位元素)作为定向参数,根据侧视雷达成像的距离和波束中心共面(Range-Coplanarity,R-Cp)条件构建了一种简洁严密的几何构像方程。该方程考虑了姿态参数对雷达影像严密定位的影响,反映了侧视雷达遥感影像的成像几何原理,避开了复杂的成像参数,实现了雷达影像与光学影像严密构像模型定向参数的统一。定位试验精度优于LeberlF模型和KonecnyG模型。该方程的特点表明其在侧视雷达遥感影像的摄影测量领域中有着一定的应用潜力。 相似文献
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本文导出了交向摄影测量新的精度估算公式，并在此公式的基础上讨论了非对称情形交向摄影的构形问题。无论对于什么情形，本文总能给出该情形下的一组最优构形参数值。 相似文献
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论不同航天摄影测量传感器的摄影测量性能 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
王任享 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2001,26(2):95-100
介绍了光学框幅相机胶片摄影、光学相机CCD线阵摄影、微波雷达成像的摄影测量现状以及各自的摄影测量性能与特点。 相似文献
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本文结合人眼立体视觉原理与摄影测量理论及计算机图形学的三维可视化理论分析了立体显示与量测的实现原理,并结合C++语言、OpenGL、DirectX图形库进行了验证,并取得了一些效果,为地理信息数据拓展服务提供了一些尝试。 相似文献
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传统的后方交会最小二乘解法需要良好的外方位元素初值。在无初值或者初值不够精确的情况下,最小二乘迭代不容易收敛。在近景摄影测量或者计算机视觉等领域,往往不提供良好的初值,无法适用传统的后方交会解法。针对上述情况,本文提出了一种基于单应性矩阵的后方交会直接解法,在不需要初值的情况下,获取外方位元素的直接解。该方法根据单应性矩阵所描述的平面几何关系,利用单应性矩阵内在的约束条件,将后方交会问题转换为一个二元二次方程组的求解问题。该方法受舍入误差影响小,在无偶然误差的情况下,解算精度能达到10–9量级,能够避免传统直接解法计算复杂的问题,为传统的平差迭代解法提供良好的初值。此外,在多个控制点共面的情况下,该方法能够直接获得外方位元素的精确解。实验结果表明:在各种不同倾角拍摄的情况下,该方法均能够获得稳定的外方位元素,为后续的后方交会最小二乘算法提供良好的初值。采用本文方法计算的初值参与平差,能够达到与人工给定初值平差一致的精度,且迭代收敛速度是人工给定初值平差的2倍以上。在控制点共面的情况下,该方法的反投影精度能够达到亚像素级,且精度优于大部分主流的直接解法。 相似文献
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基于多像灭点的相机定标 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
近年来,3维目标建模一直是计算机视觉及摄影测量领域的研究热门,其中拍摄目标的相机(或摄像机)定标是问题的关键之一.详细阐述了基于单像、利用灭点对相机进行定标的理论的特点及不足,并对其进行误差分析,从而提出了一种新的基于多方位、多像的灭点定标方法.这种方法克服了原有理论的缺陷,使标定出的相机内外方位参数更加精确、稳定. 相似文献
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普通数码相机固定在高精度旋转平台上可集成为旋转全景相机,水平旋转多位置拍摄,可获取全景影像。给出了旋转全景相机的成像几何关系模型,实现了旋转全景相机的标定,利用稀疏分布的少量控制点（最少3个）,即可解算出平台旋转中心坐标与起始方位角,及每张像片的外方位元素,再利用多站旋转拍摄的影像进行前方交会就可获得物方点坐标。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在实际摄影测量中可少受视野和控制点数量的限制,通过较少的控制点即可解算出物方点坐标,且测量精度较好。该方法是在困难场景进行近景摄影测量的一种新的有效手段。 相似文献
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The determination of the attitude, the position and the intrinsic geometric characteristics of the camera is recognised as the fundamental photogrammetric problem. It can be summarised as the determination of camera interior and exterior orientation parameters, as well as the determination of 3D coordinates of object points. The term "exterior orientation"of an image refers to its position and orientation related to an exterior (object space) coordinate system. Several methods can be applied to determine the parameters of the orientation of one, two or more photos. The orientation can be processed in steps (as relative and absolute orientation) but simultaneous methods (such as bundle adjustments) are now available in many software packages. Several methods have also been developed for the orientation of single images. They are based in general on geometric and topological characteristics of imaged objects.
This paper presents a survey of classical and modern methods for the determination of the exterior parameters in photogrammetry, some of which are available as software packages (with practical examples) on the Internet. The methods presented are classified in three principal groups. In the first, a selection of approximate methods for applications that do not require great accuracy is presented. Such methods are also used to calculate values required for iterative processes. In the second group, standard point–based methods derived from collinearity, coplanarity or coangularity conditions are briefly reviewed, followed by line–based approaches. The third group represents orientation methods based on constraints and on concepts of projective geometry, which are becoming of increasing interest for photogrammetrists. In the last section, the paper gives a summary of existing strategies for automatic exterior orientation in aerial photogrammetry. 相似文献
This paper presents a survey of classical and modern methods for the determination of the exterior parameters in photogrammetry, some of which are available as software packages (with practical examples) on the Internet. The methods presented are classified in three principal groups. In the first, a selection of approximate methods for applications that do not require great accuracy is presented. Such methods are also used to calculate values required for iterative processes. In the second group, standard point–based methods derived from collinearity, coplanarity or coangularity conditions are briefly reviewed, followed by line–based approaches. The third group represents orientation methods based on constraints and on concepts of projective geometry, which are becoming of increasing interest for photogrammetrists. In the last section, the paper gives a summary of existing strategies for automatic exterior orientation in aerial photogrammetry. 相似文献
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提出了基于大比例尺航空影像共面约束的相机自检校方法,该方法使用所有立体像对同名点基于共面约束对相机的内方位元素及畸变系数进行解算。首先进行航空影像同名点匹配,构建立体像对;然后基于共面约束使用直接解法和迭代优化进行相对定向,解算相机位置与姿态;最后使用最小二乘优化方法解算相机内方位元素和畸变系数。对于高分辨率大尺寸航空影像,图像中心及边缘的畸变差异较大,为了进一步提高解算精度,对图像进行网格区域划分解算畸变。使用大比例尺航空影像进行解算能真实精确反映航空摄影测量时所获取图像的相机参数和畸变系数,避免检校环境与使用环境不同解算得到的相机畸变参数不能真实反映所获取影像的畸变问题;使用所有同名点解算,避免由于选择不同特征点或控制点对检校精度的影响;通过区域网格划分,进一步提高了解算精度。对检校结果进行了分析,该方法精度较高,与基于室外检校场的精度相当,能真实精确反映航空摄影测量时所获取图像的相机参数和畸变系数,提高了三维重建的精度。 相似文献
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This work describes a calibration process for inexpensive consumer cameras integrated into a low cost and compact aerial multi-view imager for remote sensing and photogrammetry. The main advantage of this design is to make the filming component lightweight and rapidly deployable, as well as reducing cost when compared with mainstream commercial oblique imagery. An in situ flight test was carried out in Guiyang. In that experiment, a meridian convergence-based approach was adopted to adjust preprocessing, the residue error and the captured images’ exterior orientation linear and angular parameters were calculated by means of the direct geo-referencing approach yielding a favorable outcome for exterior orientation linear parameters of the camera, around 0.2–0.3 m deviation from the actual measured results at 1000 m flight above ground level. The camera’s exterior orientation angular parameters φ, ω whose difference compared with the standard aerial aero triangulation approach reached a high accuracy level within the intended endurance of 0.005°. These results indicate that the compact implementation of the oblique aerial imager comprised of consumer level off-the-shelf digital cameras achieved competitive accuracy at a low cost and high versatility. 相似文献
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Keith F. Blonquist 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(6):919-926
Bundle adjustment is a method for simultaneously calculating both the interior and exterior orientation parameters of a set of images, and the object-space coordinates of the observed points. In the case of long focal length lenses and narrow field-of-view (FOV) imaging situations, collinearity based (perspective projection) algorithms may result in linear dependencies between parameters that cause solution instability. The use of a scaled orthographic projection model based on linear algebraic formulations was therefore adopted to reduce this risk. Using quaternions, a new mathematical model is derived that includes the partial derivatives as well as the inner constraint equations for a scaled orthographic bundle adjustment. The model was then tested using two image sets of a single, small vessel (about 6 m length) with a cube target of known dimensions at two distinct ranges; perspective solutions were also calculated for comparison. RMS residual errors of 0.74-0.78 pixels associated with the new method compare favorably to a residual error range of 0.59-0.74 pixels using a perspective bundle adjustment of the same target points. Relative precisions (as a ratio of target size) of between 1:1650 and 1:750 have been achieved at ranges of 375 m and 850 m, respectively, given comparisons with the known cube dimensions. A third image dataset consisting of a network of 16 images was solved with a 1:2200 relative precision showing the new method can successfully handle high redundancy. For the experiments that were conducted, the new method was found to produce less precise results than the perspective bundle solution for a FOV of 0.50-0.65° where the object fills 5-8% of the image. However, it was found to match the precision of the perspective model (with an uncalibrated camera) for a FOV of 0.20-0.30° where the object of interest fills only 1-2% of the full image. 相似文献
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相机内外参数标定是摄影测量的一个关键问题,相机参数的选取又是决定相机标定质量的重要因素,且不同等级的相机其参数的选择往往很难确定,常导致所选取的参数之间存在相关性,影响相机标定质量。相机参数间的相关性一般可以通过验后未知数之间的相关系数矩阵发现,提出了基于岭估计的相机标定方法,利用本方法可以提高参数求解精度。 相似文献
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利用四元数描述线阵CCD影像的空间后方交会 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将四元数理论引入高分辨率线阵CCD影像的空间后方交会解算中,提出了一种利用四元数描述线阵CCD影像的单片空间后方交会方法。该方法利用四元数描述角度旋转矩阵,对严格的共线条件方程进行线性化,并采用正则化的数学方法克服线阵CCD影像外方位元素的相关性。试验证明了本算法的正确性和可靠性。 相似文献