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二色桌片参酶解液主要营养成分及抗癌作用的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对海参纲动物－－二色桌片参Ｍｅｎｓａｍａｒｉｓ ｉｎｔｅｒｃｅｄｅｎｓ（Ｌａｍｐａｒｔ）及其酶解液主要营养成分的测定表明,二色桌片参干品蛋白含量达８５．９８％,５５ｇ海参干粉经酶解成１００ｍＬ后还原糖和游离氨基酸含量分别为５３５ｍｇ／ＬＴ６９２４ｍｇ／Ｌ,维生素Ａ为９３９．３μｇ／Ｌ,维生素３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ。该海参酶解液可抑制体外培养的癌细胞生长,并有一定的逆转癌细胞恶性表型的作用。 相似文献
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二色桌片参的化学成分研究：Ⅲ、二色桌片参多糖—1——岩藻聚糖的免疫调节 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了二色桌片参多糖－1（PMI－1）在体内、体外的免疫调节作用。结果表明。二色桌片参多糖－1体外能促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖，促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞分泌IL－2；体内能显著促进迟发型敏反应，增加脾指数，胸腺指数：具有显著的免疫增强作用。 相似文献
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二色桌片参次生代谢产物的分离与结构测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从福建东山湾海区采集的二色桌片参的醇一醇提取液中分离出6种次生代谢产物，经IR、NMR、MS等结构测定技术测定，确定它们的化学结构为尿嘧啶，胸腺嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷、腺嘌呤核苷、神经酰胺和鞘类脂糖苷．6种次生代谢产物都是首次从二色桌片参中得到的． 相似文献
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黄河水中镉（Ⅱ）与悬浮粒子液—固界面交换反应的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本文研究了黄河悬浮粒子与镉（Ⅱ）相互作用的离子交换率（％）—pH曲线，以及河水中赖氨酸存在下对该曲线的影响。主要结果有；（1）镉以Cd（OH）+形式在悬浮粒子上进行阳离子交换，在天然pH下（8．0×8．5），镉离子交换率接近最大值；（2）镉离子浓度由8．9×10－6mol·L－1增加到2×8．9×10－6mol．L－1时，离子交换率降低；（3）浓度为6．8×10－6mol·L－1的赖氨酸对提高离子交换率起促进作用；（4）交换剂为转化沙的镉离子交换率比未转化沙小；（5）海水、金沙江水中悬浮粒子对镉的吸附弱于黄河水。 相似文献
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钝顶螺旋藻的硝酸还原酶与氢酶之间的电子竞争 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
于1994年6－11月，运用生物化学方法以钝项螺旋藻为材料制备整体细胞和无细胞提取物。测定表明，整体细胞硝酸还原酶与氢酶活性的相互关系和无细胞提取物氢酶与硝酸还原酶的（对还原甲基紫精）Km值，分别为2．299×10－7mol／L和1．098×10－7mol／L；证实在硝酸还原酶与氢酶之间存在着电子竞争。 相似文献
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盐度对日本鳗鲡生长及非特异性免疫酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用实验生态学和酶学方法,在浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所清江试验场研究了盐度对平均体长为25．1±5．6cm的日本鳗鲡（Anguillajaponica）生长及其血清溶茵酶（LZM）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性的影响,实验持续60d．实验设置了5个盐度梯度（盐度5、10、15、20、25）和对照组（盐度0）,每梯度设3个平行组,各组盐度和pH值保持一致．日本鳗鲡血清中免疫酶活力指标：碱性磷酸酶、溶茵酶、超氧化物歧化酶在实验的第7天和第14天测定．实验结果表明,盐度5组相对增重率最高（279．78％±28．37％）,其次是盐度10组（278．74％±22．25％）,盐度15、20、25组相对增重率分别为234．39％±21．28％、230．28％±26．31％、228．01％±29．29％．对照组相对增重率为233．20％-4-25．18％,盐度5和10组与对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）,其余各组与对照组差异不显著．第7天和第14天,盐度10组碱性磷酸酶活性最高,分别为225．05U／dm。和251．11U／dm’,其次是盐度5组,分别为221．76U／dm。和236．01U／dm。,显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）．第7天和第14天盐度20、25组溶菌酶活性显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）．超氧化物歧化酶随着盐度的升高呈逐步上升趋势．第14天,盐度20、25纽溶菌酶活性仍保持较高水平,SOD回落至对照组水平,而各组AKP较第7天略有上升． 相似文献
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１９９６～１９９７年,在进行６－ＤＭＡＰ（６－二甲基氨基嘌呤）诱导太平洋牡蛎三倍体实验的同时,进行胚胎孵化率和Ｄ形幼虫畸形率与三倍体诱导率关系的研究。解剖法获取精卵,人工授精。三因素三水平Ｌ９（３４）正交试验、分组的实验结果表明：胚胎孵化率与三倍体诱导率间呈不显著的负相关（ｒ＝－０．０７４）,ｙ＝６４．９２５－０．０５６ｘ;Ｄ形幼虫畸形率与三倍体诱导率间呈显著的正相关（ｒ＝０．３８５,Ｐ＜０．０５）,ｙ＝１２．１３５＋０．２７２ｘ。三因素四水平Ｌ１６（４５）正交试验、分组的实验结果表明：胚胎孵化率与三倍体诱导率间呈不显著的负相关（ｒ＝－０．２１０）,ｙ＝７６．６１８－０．４７１ｘ;Ｄ形幼虫畸形率与三倍体诱导率间呈不显著的负相关（ｒ＝－０．０２２）,ｙ＝２３．１１５－０．０２９ｘ。讨论提出：在保证一定的三倍体诱导率的前提下,对获取的精卵进行离体促熟和必要的洗卵、缩短诱导持续时间,是提高胚胎孵化率和降低Ｄ形幼虫畸形率的重要措施。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献