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1.
本文以塔里木盆地西北缘苏盖特布拉克组泥质岩为对象,对其进行了主微量元素和稀土元素地球化学分析测试,并据此探讨苏盖特布拉克组的古沉积环境、物源属性及古构造背景。结果表明,泥岩中的Al、Fe、K、Ti、Li、Sc、Th、U、Ga、Cu元素明显富集;轻稀土元素富集且分馏程度强烈,重稀土相对亏损,且具明显的Eu负异常;泥岩的化学蚀变指数为60~80,多数样品的成分变异指数大于1.0。研究表明,研究区泥质岩形成于温暖湿润的浅海氧化环境,水体盐度较低;泥质岩为初次旋回沉积物,经历了中-低程度的化学风化作用,其母岩主要为上地壳长英质岩石,并混入了少量的基性岩、碱性岩与古老沉积物;源区构造背景以大陆岛弧环境为主,兼有活动大陆边缘特征。 相似文献
2.
通过对位于西南印度洋脊超慢速扩张脊东段的大洋钻探计划(ODP)ODP 735B钻孔上部岩心不同位置、不同岩性的样品进行全岩主、微量元素分析,并结合前人研究成果,对旋回内部及旋回之间的全岩地球化学特征差异进行了探讨,对其成因进行了约束.ODP 735B岩心全岩主量元素特征主要受控于分离结晶生成的矿物组合及比例.全岩主量元素之间的协变关系对反映玄武质熔体结晶演化过程中矿物生成及化学成分演化具有一定的指示意义.稀土元素的分析表明,除较明显的正Eu异常外,旋回1、2均表现出明显的LREE分馏,而HREE则未出现明显分馏.微量元素的分析表明,西南印度洋超低速洋脊的旋回1和旋回2中均表现出明显的Nb、Ta负异常和Sr、K正异常,但不能依靠其全岩微量元素Nb、Ta负异常特征对其源区地球化学特征成因和地质意义进行判断. 相似文献
3.
Doklady Earth Sciences - According to experimental modeling data, the quantitative characteristics of macro and trace elements phase fractionation in the process of ice formation from fresh surface... 相似文献
4.
对四川省西昌盆地上三叠统白果湾组碎屑岩的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素进行综合研究,得出其主量元素具有富SiO2、CaO、P2O5,贫Al2O3、TFe2O3、MgO、Na2O、K2O的特征; 微量元素具有富Zr、Cs、Th、U等特征; 稀土元素总量相对较高,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,轻稀土较重稀土相对富集,具有中等负铕异常。白果湾组物源区为长英质岩区,属于被动大陆边缘区; 白果湾期的气候经历了湿润→干旱→湿润→干旱的变化过程; 成分成熟度总体偏低,呈现高→低→高→低的变化规律,与CIA变化趋势呈负相关。本次研究为该区晚三叠世环境演化研究提供了基础资料。 相似文献
5.
A suite of granites from the Hercynian batholith of Sardinia (Italy) was analysed for cesium and 37 other major and trace elements.Factor analysis was used to identify inter-element associations in this set of data. Cesium is shown to be closely associated with tin, lithium and rubidium, and less closely with beryllium and thallium, but it shows no correlation with any of the major elements. The role of crystal fractionation, magma mixing, and the process of partial melting in the magmatic source region are examined as possible controls of Cs distribution. The pattern of element associations revealed by factor analysis eliminates crystal fractionation and magma mixing as the main cause of magmatic variation. The variation in Cs is considered to be primary in origin, i.e. it originated in the magmatic source region. The relationship between Cs and other elements was mainly determined by the relative proportions of mica and feldspar entering the melt during anatexis. 相似文献
6.
As technical advances have dramatically increased our ability to analyze trace elements, the need for more reliable data on
the compositional dependence of trace element partitioning between minerals and melt has become increasingly important. The
late-Cretaceous Carmacks Group of south central Yukon comprises a succession of primitive high-Mg ankaramitic lavas characterized
by shoshonitic chemical affinities and containing large complexly zoned clinopyroxene phenocrysts. The compositional zonation
of the clinopyroxene phenocrysts is characterized by relatively Fe-rich (Mg# = Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.85), but mottled, cores surrounded by mantles of cyclically-zoned clinopyroxene whose Mg# varies repeatedly between 0.9 and 0.80. These cyclically zoned clinopyroxene mantles appear to record the repeated influx
and mixing of batches of primitive with more evolved magma in a deep sub-crustal (∼1.2 GPa) magma chamber(s). Laser ablation
ICP-MS was used to analyze the trace element variation in these zoned clinopyroxenes. The results indicate more than a threefold
variation in the absolute concentrations of Th, Zr, rare earth elements (REE), and Y within individual clinopyroxene phenocrysts,
with no apparent change in the degree of REE or high field strength element (HFSE) fractionation. The variation in absolute
abundances of trace elements correlates closely with the major element composition of the clinopyroxene, with the most enriched
clinopyroxene having the lowest Mg# and highest Al contents. The problem is that the amount of crystal fractionation required to explain the major element variation
(∼20%) in these clinopyroxene phenocrysts cannot explain the increase in the abundance of the incompatible trace elements,
which would require more than 70% crystal fractionation, if constant partition coefficients are assumed. The anomalous increase
in incompatible trace elements appears to reflect an increase in their partition coefficients with increasing AlIV in the clinopyroxene; with an increase in Al2O3 from 1.5 to 4.0 wt.% during ∼20% crystal fractionation over a temperature decrease of ∼100°C being associated with more that
a threefold increase in the partition coefficients of Th, Zr, REE, and Y. The magnitude of these increases may indicate that
the substitution of these trace elements into clinopyroxene is better modeled in some natural systems by a local charge balance
model, rather than the distributed charge model that better replicates the results of annealed experiments. These findings
indicate that the effect of Al on the partition coefficients of incompatible trace elements in clinopyroxene may be under
appreciated in natural magmatic systems and that the application of experimentally determined clinopyroxene partition coefficients
to natural systems must be done with caution. 相似文献
7.
LA-(MC)-ICPMS和(Nano)SIMS硫化物微量元素和硫同位素原位分析与矿床形成的精细过程 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
硫化物微区原位分析技术包括LA-ICPMS定点微量元素分析、LA-ICPMS和(Nano) SIMS微量元素面扫描分析,以及SIMS、Nano SIMS和LA-MC-ICPMS原位硫同位素点分析和面扫描。这些分析方法可以有效地获取不同期次硫化物微量元素含量、丰度分布图像、硫同位素比值和分布特征,结合微区时间分辨信号谱图、微量元素相关性分析等,在矿床学的成矿元素行为与赋存状态、成矿元素置换反应、成矿流体与硫的来源、矿石矿物的化学分带性、矿床成因模型等研究中有着重要的应用前景,以探讨矿床的精细成矿过程。硫化物原位微量元素和同位素LA-(MC)-ICPMS和(Nano) SIMS分析,需要降低仪器和分析方法的系统误差,克服严重的基体效应和同位素分馏效应。 相似文献
8.
The distribution of elements and their correlations were analyzed throughout the section of the Kivakka intrusion to formulate
the geochemical tendencies in the behavior of elements of different groups during formation of layered basic-ultrabasic complexes.
(1) It was shown that the distribution of trace elements in the layered series is controlled by their ability or inability
to enter isomorphically the cumulus minerals. The distribution of trace elements that occur as isomorphic admixtures in cumulus
minerals (Cr, Mn, Zn, Co, Ni, and Ti), regardless of their geochemical type, is correlated with the crystallization order
and distribution of minerals in the silicate matrix of the rocks. Elements that practically are not involved into silicates
(S, Cu, Ag) show no any systematic variations; i.e., they are not controlled by fractionation of major rock-forming mineral.
Their behavior is driven by the appearance of individual phase—sulfide melt, whose localization, formation time, and scales
of fractionation are determined by saturation of parental melt in sulfide sulfur and general degree of its fractionation.
(2) The comparison of cross-section variations of elements that isomorphically substitute for major elements in the Fe-Mg
silicates, but differ in chalcophile affinity (in order of increase of chalcophile affinity: Mn → Zn → Co → Ni) reflects the
contribution of unmixing and fractionation of sulfide melt during intrusion solidification. This is quantitatively defined
primarily by partitioning coefficients of elements between cumulus silicates and magmatic melt, on the one hand, and between
magmatic and sulfide melts, on the other hand. (3) The absence of simple correlation between local sulfide-rich horizons and
silicate matrix of the rocks and signs of independent fractionation of sulfide melt prevent any attempts to predict the localization
and scales of local sulfide mineralization within the layered series on the basis of petrochemical and related criteria. Only
tendencies in the distribution of ore elements and sulfur across the section can be used for these purposes. 相似文献
9.
Major and trace element analyses of 130 lavas, including rareearth elements (REE) for 90 of them, are used to investigategeochemical variation in this lava series. The lavas are dividedinto six compositional groups, ranging from high magnesia basaltto rhyolite, on the basis of Fe/Mg ratio and the phenocrystphase assemblage. The high magnesia basalts range from tholeiiticto transitional and show a correlation between silica saturationand light REE enrichment. This chemical variation cannot beexplained in terms of open or closed system crystal fractionationinvolving the observed phenocryst phases, but is probably theresult of a two (or more) stage mantle process. When the observedvertical chemical zonation and subsequent erosion of the lavapile are taken into account, it is apparent that a range ofbasaltic compositions has been available for eruption throughoutthe history of the lava pile. The evolved (low Mg) lavas belong to a spectrum of closed systemcrystal fractionation trends derived from each of the high magnesiabasalts. However, silicic and intermediate lavas are all derivedfrom the more light REE enriched basalts. The crystal fractionationmodel is quantified using a least squares mixing computer programfor the major elements and the Rayleigh equation for the REE.The importance of minor phases (i.e. iron-titanium oxides andapatite) in controlling both major and trace element behaviourin the residual liquid during crystal fractionation is established.The large calculated bulk solid/liquid distribution coefficientsfor most of the analysed trace elements, at certain compositionalintervals in the series, suggest that few, if any, of the elementscan be considered as totally incompatible. In detail the chemicalvariation in the silicic and intermediate lavas cannot be producedby the partial melting of a basaltic source. Hybrid intermediatelavas can be distinguished chemically from differentiates becausethey lie on linear trends between basalt and rhyolite for mostelements. Intermediate differentiates are only formed in a narrowcrystallization interval which, together with their need tobe superheated in order to reach the surface, probably explainsthe paucity of these compositions in the lava pile. 相似文献
10.
Chemical variation in metabasites from a proterozoic amphibolite-granulite transition zone,South Norway 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The metabasites were originally minor intrusions which are now characterised by wholly metamorphic textures and mineral assemblages diagnostic of an amphibolite-granulite facies transition. Two forms of chemical variation can be distinguished: (1) an igneous-type differentiation, involving tholeiitic iron enrichment accompanied by increases in some incompatible elements, and decreases in the transition trace elements; (2) metamorphic fractionation effects resulting in deficiencies in K, Rb, Sr, Ba, Zr, and enhancement in Na in the highest grade rocks. These distributions closely parallel those in the host acid-intermediate charnockitic gneisses. The data preclude the possibility that the deficiencies were caused by removal of melts from the granulites. The metamorphism closely followed intrusion, and it is unlikely that the fractionations were caused by secondary dehydration of once hydrous assemblages. The preferred model involves intrusion and crystallisation directly under high-grade conditions, possibly with CO2-rich fluids playing an important role in suppressing the formation of hydrous minerals. 相似文献
11.
A number of trace elements have been determined spectrographically in the rocks and minerals of the Skaergaard intrusion, East Greenland. The original basic magma from which the varied rocks of the complex were developed is shown to have had a normal trace element composition. The sorting out of the trace elements into the various mineral series produced by strong fractional crystallization of the original basic magma is traced in detail by means of analyses of the separated minerals. Certain of the trace elements (Cr, Ni) are shown to be strongly concentrated in the early rocks so that later fractions have little or none of them; other elements (P, V, Cu, Sc, Mn, S) reach maximum values in the middle, or late middle stages represented by certain olivine-free gabbros and ferrogabbros; other elements (Li, Zr, Y, La, Ba, Rb) tend to remain in the residual liquid during fractionation and are thus abundant in the latest granite fraction. Still other trace elements (Co, Sr, Ga, Mo) show only small changes in amount throughout the series. Of these Co is a little more abundant in the early and middle stages, Sr in the middle stages, Ga in the later stages and Mo in the early and later but not in the middle stages. The distribution of the trace elements in the rocks is considered in relation to the varying composition of the minerals produced by the fractional crystallization processes and an attempt is made to discuss the mineral compositions in terms of crystal chemical concepts.The Skaergaard sequence of differentiation from gabbros, through ferrogabbros, to granite is considered to be a common trend of fractionation of basic magma at high levels in the crust, and the observed changes in trace element composition are therefore regarded as having wide geochemical significance. The trace element composition of the intermediate Skaergaard differentiates is significantly different from that of diorites reported by other workers and suggests that diorites have had some other origin than by fractionation of basic magma. On the other hand the trace element composition of many granites resembles that of the granite fraction produced in the Skaergaard intrusion. 相似文献
12.
T. F. EMMETT 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1987,5(1):41-50
Abstract The Bergen-Jotun kindred rocks of this study, the Storådalen Complex (SCX), Svartdalen Gneiss (SG) and Mjølkedøla Purple Gabbro (MPG), have been shown to be a co-magmatic series with calc-alkaline affinities. The analyses of Ba, Nb, Y, and Zr presented here show no variation in these elements between the three rock units and are consistent with the calc-alkaline character of the rocks. The lithophile elements Ba, K, and Sr are enriched relative to MORB and the high field strength elements Nb, Y, and Zr are depleted relative to MORB, Zr especially so.
The SCX contains rocks with low (>30) differentiation indices which are interpreted as plagioclase + pyroxene ± olivine ± amphibole cumulates. The remainder of the SCX, together with the MPG and SG, is regarded as the congealed liquid in equilibrium with these cumulates. The distribution of trace elements between these two components of the SCX can be adequately modelled using a Rayleigh fractionation process, measured 'liquid'compositions, and calculated bulk distribution coefficients. It is thus concluded that the trace element geochemistry of the rocks of this study is consistent with subduction-related, mantle-derived magmas that fractionate within a continental or mature island arc environment. Subsequent high-grade metamorphism and deformation of Sveconorwegian age have been essentially isochemical. 相似文献
The SCX contains rocks with low (>30) differentiation indices which are interpreted as plagioclase + pyroxene ± olivine ± amphibole cumulates. The remainder of the SCX, together with the MPG and SG, is regarded as the congealed liquid in equilibrium with these cumulates. The distribution of trace elements between these two components of the SCX can be adequately modelled using a Rayleigh fractionation process, measured 'liquid'compositions, and calculated bulk distribution coefficients. It is thus concluded that the trace element geochemistry of the rocks of this study is consistent with subduction-related, mantle-derived magmas that fractionate within a continental or mature island arc environment. Subsequent high-grade metamorphism and deformation of Sveconorwegian age have been essentially isochemical. 相似文献
13.
We present new geochemical data on alkali and nepheline syenites from various complexes of different age within the Ukrainian Shield. The results reveal a correlation between the content of trace elements in the syenites, their assignment to a particular rock complex, the chemistry of primary melts, and the degree of their differentiation. The data also suggest regional geochemical heterogeneity in the ultramafic-alkaline complexes of the Ukrainian Shield. The alkali and nepheline syenites in the ultramafic-alkaline massifs from the eastern and western parts of the region exhibit similar REE contents and Eu/Eu* ratios but are markedly different in Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf content and are of the miaskitic type. These rocks have lower REE, Nb, and Zr and higher Sr and Ba compared with early foidolites. The rocks of the gabbro-syenite complexes define a distinct Fe-enrichment fractionation trend from early syenitic intrusions to more differentiated varieties; they are also characterized by lower Sr, Ba, and Eu/Eu* and significantly lower contents of some major elements, e.g., Ti, Mg, and P. The agpaitic index and concentrations of Zr, Nb, Y, and REE increase in the same direction. A similar geochemical feature is observed in the alkali syenites genetically associated with anorthositerapakivi-granite plutons, which show incompatible-element enrichment and strong depletion in Sr and Ba. The distinctive evolutionary trends of alkali and nepheline syenites from different rock complexes of the Ukrainian Shield can be explained by different mechanisms of their formation. The main petrogenetic mechanism controlling the distribution of trace elements in the rocks of ultramafic-alkaline complexes was the separation of parent melts of melanephelinite and melilitite types into immiscible phonolite and carbonatite liquids. The gabbro-syenite complexes and alkali syenites from anorthosite-rapakivi granite plutons evolved via crystallization differentiation, which involved extensive feldspar fractionation. 相似文献
14.
15.
基于贵州水城小牛井田晚二叠世煤样的全硫分、微量元素、常量元素等测试数据,探讨了煤中元素富集特征及其与陆源碎屑的关系,重点是全硫分、微量元素对古海平面变化的反演。结果表明,小牛井田煤中常量元素Si、Ca、Mg、Ti、K含量高于中国煤均值,Al、Fe、Na含量低于中国煤均值;与地壳克拉克值相比,煤中微量元素只有B和Mo相对富集;煤中微量元素的富集在一定程度上受控于陆源碎屑,常量元素对陆源碎屑也有一定的继承性。煤中全硫分及微量元素B、Co、Cr、Cu、Ga、Ge、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sr、V、Zn的纵向变化规律可以用来反演古海平面变化,海退时形成的煤层全硫分及微量元素含量较低,海侵时形成的煤层全硫分及微量元素含量较高。 相似文献
16.
Conclusion In summary, there are no existing clinopyroxene-liquid REE distribution data obtained under appropriate conditions to permit numerical modeling of trace elements to constitute a critical test of the pyroxene fractionation process. There are, however, numerous clinopyroxeneliquid partitioning data in the literature that give qualitatively similar patterns to those observed in grospydites. Further, the high pressure fractionation model accounts for the major-element and exsolution phenomena in a manner directly consistent with experimental petrologic studies, and can qualitatively account for the trace element and isotopic characteristics of the rocks in a manner consistent with the crystal chemistry of the phases. We therefore continue to prefer the high-pressure clinopyroxene fractionation model over a low-pressure plagioclase fractionation model for the origin of the grospydites. 相似文献
17.
18.
Identifying Accessory Mineral Saturation during Differentiation in Granitoid Magmas: an Integrated Approach 总被引：19，自引：4，他引：15
HOSKIN PAUL W. O.; KINNY PETER D.; WYBORN DOONE; CHAPPELL BRUCE W. 《Journal of Petrology》2000,41(9):1365-1396
Numerical reconstructions of processes that may have operatedduring igneous petrogenesis often model the behaviour of importanttrace elements. The geochemistry of these trace elements maybe controlled by accessory mineral saturation and fractionation.Determination of the saturation point of accessory mineralsin granitoid rocks is ambiguous because assumptions about crystalmorphology and melt compositions do not always hold. An integratedapproach to identifying accessory mineral saturation involvingpetrography, whole-rock geochemical trends, saturation calculationsand mineral chemistry changes is demonstrated here for a compositionallyzoned pluton. Within and between whole-rock samples of the BoggyPlain zoned pluton, eastern Australia, the rare earth element(REE)-enriched accessory minerals zircon, apatite and titaniteexhibit compositional variations that are related to saturationin the bulk magma, localized saturation in intercumulus meltpools and fractionation of other mineral phases. Apatite isidentified as having been an early crystallizing phase overnearly the whole duration of magma cooling, with zircon (andallanite) only saturating in more felsic zones. Titanite andmonazite did not saturate in the bulk magma at any stage ofdifferentiation. Although some trace elements (P, Ca, Sc, Nb,Hf, Ta) in zircon exhibit compositional variation progressingfrom mafic to more felsic whole-rock samples, normalized REEpatterns and abundances (except Ce) do not vary with progressivedifferentiation. This is interpreted to be a result of limitationsto both simple ‘xenotime’ and complex xenotime-typecoupled substitutions. Our data indicate that zircon REE characteristicsare not as useful as those of other REE-rich accessory mineralsas a petrogenetic indicator. KEY WORDS: saturation; zircon; apatite; titanite; magma differentiation; trace elements; REE patterns 相似文献
19.
20.
Analytical data are presented for the following elements: Cs, Rb, Ba, K, Sr, Ca, Na, Fe, Mg, Cu, Co, Ni, Li, Sc, V, Cr, Ga, Al, Si, La, Y, and Zr. Eight samples were analysed by the spark source method for rare earths, Tl, Pb, Hf, Sn, Nb, Mo, Bi, and In. In addition to data on rhyolitic volcanics, a small number of intermediate volcanics and eugeosynclinal sediments were analysed for comparative purposes. The following features are shown by the trace element data:
- The rhyolitic rocks have consistently lower concentrations of most trace and minor elements when compared with recent estimates of average concentrations in granites. None of the criteria for strong fractionation (e.g. low K/Rb, Ba/Rb and K/Cs ratios) are present.
- The data do not indicate any systematic differences between the rhyolitic lavas and ignimbrites, although the very young rhyolitic pumices are consistently more “basic” in their element concentrations compared to the other rhyolitic analyses.
- The residual glasses (and devitrified matrices) are depleted, relative to the total rock compositions, in Fe, Mg, Ca, Sr, V, Sc, and Al, and enriched in Cs, Rb, K, Ba, and Si. Zr is depleted in the residual glasses separated from rhyolites, but not in the andesitic residual matrices.
- The rare earth fractionation patterns of the rhyolitic and andesitic extrusives are very similar, being intermediate between chondritic and sedimentary patterns i.e., there is no evidence of strong fractionation. The rhyolitic patterns also indicate a slight Eu depletion.
- Comparable trace and minor element behaviour (with the possible exception of Zr) seems to exist through the rhyolite-andesite compositional range. This is supported by the whole rock-residual liquid trends for the various elements studied, which broadly coincide with the observed whole rock trends, both through the rhyolitic-andesitic compositonal range, and within the rhyolitic compositional range.