共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
钦州湾水交换能力数值模拟研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
基于普林斯顿海洋模式（Princeton Ocean Model,POM）,以M2、S2、K1、O1、M4和MS4 6个分潮为驱动,建立了包含漫滩处理的高分辨率钦州湾水动力模式。与现场观测的数据对比表明,该模式能较好地刻画钦州湾的水动力特征。在此基础上建立了水质模型,模拟钦州湾的水交换过程。模拟结果表明:钦州湾水交换能力整体上较强,整个湾平均的水体半交换时间约为18 d,水体平均存留时间为45 d。空间分布上,钦州保税港区以南海域水交换能力最强,半交换时间小于1 d;沿着水道向北,水交换能力逐渐减弱;茅尾海中部半交换时间为26~28 d;茅尾海的东、西、北3个部分存在水交换滞缓区,半交换时间超过50 d。数值实验表明,采用漫滩技术对准确模拟钦州湾潮流速度和水交换能力非常重要,不考虑漫滩过程会低估钦州湾的潮流速度和水体交换能力。水平扩散系数对流速及交换时间都有影响,但影响有限。 相似文献
2.
利用Delft3D数学模型对长江口水动力条件、上海市现有及拟建排放口污水排放的稀释扩散场进行了模拟。模型利用潮汐数据和排放口附近的现场实测数据进行了率定和验证，分别对丰水期、枯水期的大、小潮情况下的流速场、潮位场及污水扩散场进行了研究。结果表明：长江口的水动力条件有利于污水的稀释扩散；现状排放量对长江口水环境影响不大；但如果污水在排放前不进行一定的处理，规划排放量排人长江口将会严重恶化其水质，特别是枯水期小潮时最为严重。建议根据长江口和杭州湾的环境容量，结合排放口的稀释扩散能力，合理确定污水排放方案。 相似文献
3.
Béatrice Michot Ehab A. Meselhe Victor H. Rivera-Monroy Carlos Coronado-Molina Robert R. Twilley 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011
Taylor Slough is one of the natural freshwater contributors to Florida Bay through a network of microtidal creeks crossing the Everglades Mangrove Ecotone Region (EMER). The EMER ecological function is critical since it mediates freshwater and nutrient inputs and controls the water quality in Eastern Florida Bay. Furthermore, this region is vulnerable to changing hydrodynamics and nutrient loadings as a result of upstream freshwater management practices proposed by the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program (CERP), currently the largest wetland restoration project in the USA. Despite the hydrological importance of Taylor Slough in the water budget of Florida Bay, there are no fine scale (∼1 km2) hydrodynamic models of this system that can be utilized as a tool to evaluate potential changes in water flow, salinity, and water quality. Taylor River is one of the major creeks draining Taylor Slough freshwater into Florida Bay. We performed a water budget analysis for the Taylor River area, based on long-term hydrologic data (1999–2007) and supplemented by hydrodynamic modeling using a MIKE FLOOD (DHI, http://dhigroup.com/) model to evaluate groundwater and overland water discharges. The seasonal hydrologic characteristics are very distinctive (average Taylor River wet vs. dry season outflow was 6 to 1 during 1999–2006) with a pronounced interannual variability of flow. The water budget shows a net dominance of through flow in the tidal mixing zone, while local precipitation and evapotranspiration play only a secondary role, at least in the wet season. During the dry season, the tidal flood reaches the upstream boundary of the study area during approximately 80 days per year on average. The groundwater field measurements indicate a mostly upwards-oriented leakage, which possibly equals the evapotranspiration term. The model results suggest a high importance of groundwater contribution to the water salinity in the EMER. The model performance is satisfactory during the dry season where surface flow in the area is confined to the Taylor River channel. The model also provided guidance on the importance of capturing the overland flow component, which enters the area as sheet flow during the rainy season. Overall, the modeling approach is suitable to reach better understanding of the water budget in the mangrove region. However, more detailed field data is needed to ascertain model predictions by further calibrating overland flow parameters. 相似文献
4.
作者基于2011年9月(丰水期)和2012年1月(枯水期)粤西近岸30米以浅海域的调查资料,分析该海域浮游植物的种类组成、优势种、丰度及其群落结构多样性。结果表明,调查海域共鉴定浮游植物4门41属116种,硅藻为最主要优势类群。丰水期与枯水期共有种类40种,物种相似性指数为34.48%,表明2个调查季节种类组成变化较大,存在明显的季节性差异。枯水期优势种仅1种,为金藻门(Chrysophyta)的球形棕囊藻(Phaeoecystis globosa),优势度高达0.496;丰水期优势种有4种,其中以硅藻门的旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)优势度较高(0.249)。浮游植物丰度表现出时间和空间异质性,丰度总体呈现近岸站位高于离岸站位,此外,丰水期浮游植物丰度湛江沿岸站位高于其他调查站位,枯水期浮游植物丰度则由西南部向东北部递减,总体而言,枯水期浮游植物丰度比丰水期高。群落结构多样性为枯水期西南部海域明显低于东北部海域,丰水期站位间多样性无明显变化规律,相比之下,丰水期群落物种多样性水平相对较高。相关分析表明:浮游植物丰度与p H、悬浮物呈正相关,与丰水期水温和枯水期盐度呈负相关。 相似文献
5.
In the paper two types of numerical models – a lumped-parameter model and a high-resolution two-dimensional hydrodynamic model – are used to analyse the response of a system of partially-connected tidal basins to inhomogeneous open sea forcing. The equations of the lumped-parameter model, suitable for an arbitrary number of basins with sloping walls, are formulated based on one-dimensional continuity and momentum equations. Numerical solutions to the equations are thoroughly examined, showing the influence of inhomogeneous open sea forcing and of geometrical parameters of the basins on the tidal range and the water transport through the system, with particular emphasis given to inter-basin water exchange and cumulative water transport through basins boundaries. The results of the lumped-parameter model simulations for the tidal basins of the German Wadden Sea are successfully compared with the results of calculations with the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, which is used to investigate in more detail circulation patterns and the influence of specific local features of inlet bathymetry on the hydrodynamic processes in the study area. The influence of wind on the basins response is discussed as well. 相似文献
6.
Generally one dimensional(1-D) empirical salinity intrusion model is limited to natural alluvial estuary. However,this study attempts to investigate its ability to model a sheltered alluvial estuary of the Terengganu River in Malaysia. The constructed breakwater at the mouth of the river shelters the estuary from direct influence of the open sea. The salinity density along the estuary was collected during the wet and dry seasons for scenarios before and after the constructed breakwater. Moreover, the freshwater discharges, tidal elevations and bathymetry data were also measured as model inputs. A good fit was demonstrated between simulated and observed variables,namely salinity distribution and intrusion length for both scenarios. Thus, the results show that 1-D empirical salinity model can be utilized for sheltered estuarine condition at the Terengganu Estuary, but with an appropriate determination of an initial point. Furthermore, it was observed that the salinity intrusion in the study area is largely dependent on the freshwater discharge rather than tidal elevation fluctuations. The scale of the salinity intrusion length in the study area is proportional to the river discharge of the –1/2 power. It was appeared that the two lines of the 1-D empirical salinity model and discharge power based equation fitted well to each other, with the average predicted minimum freshwater discharge of 150 m3/s is going to be required to maintain acceptable salinity levels during high water slack(HWS) near the water intake station, which is located at 10.63 km from river mouth. 相似文献
7.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。 相似文献
8.
基于长序列潮位资料,采用调和分析和MK检验方法分析了澳门水域及附近海域历史潮波特性,并建立大范围二维潮流数学模型,以珠澳人工岛及澳门新城A区等大型工程为研究对象,研究人类活动影响下的澳门及附近海域水动力变化特征。研究表明,澳门站的年平均高、低潮位在2005—2008年间发生突变,与岸线变化强度的增大存在直接关系;随着澳门围填海强度逐渐减弱,浅水影响系数逐渐减小,涨落潮历时差逐渐减小;1986—2019年间澳门水域潮位变化幅度较小,十字门水道附近涨落潮历时比由1.16增加至1.19,澳门水域涨落潮不对称现象由上游向外海逐渐减小。围填海工程导致澳门水道潮量减小,涨落急流速普遍减小,澳门新城A区人工岛及珠澳口岸工程附近产生雍水现象,流速亦呈减小趋势;围填海工程使得澳门岸线由曲折变为平缓,使得澳门水域内余流略微减小。 相似文献
9.
Barbamarco Lagoon (area = 7 km2) is in the Po River Delta, adjoining the Northern Adriatic Sea, and supports a commercially valuable clam (Tapes philippinarum) fishery. This study investigated interactions of the lagoon with adjacent coastal waters and inland riverine inputs by modelling both the lagoon and the Northern Adriatic Sea, using a coupled three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic-ecological model (ELCOM-CAEDYM) adapted to include the clam population. The clam model accounted for carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) biomass in the benthos through parameterisations for filtration, excretion, egestion, respiration, mortality, and harvesting. Multiple clam size classes were included in a new population dynamics sub-model. Output from the coupled model was validated against hydrodynamic and water quality data from intensive field sampling and routine monitoring. Time scales of tidal flushing, primary production and clam grazing were investigated with the model to demonstrate that food supply to clam populations is dominated by phytoplankton inputs from the Northern Adriatic Sea. Effects of clam cultivation on nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton biomass in Barbamarco Lagoon were primarily localised, with strong tidal flushing minimising impacts of clam filtration on lagoon-wide nutrient concentrations at current clam stocking levels. Clam populations were found to alter the cycling of nutrients in the system, causing the lagoon to become a net sink for particulate organic matter and to export dissolved organic matter to the adjacent sea via tidal flushing. Ecosystem health and sensitivity of nutrient cycles to clam cultivation are important considerations for the long term sustainable management and potential expansion of the fishery. 相似文献
10.
Lateral trapping in mangrove swamps is a dominant process controlling longitudinal mixing in mangrove-fringed tidal rivers. In the dry season, the effective value of the longitudinal diffusivity is increased by the trapping effect by typically two orders of magnitude, from its value in the absence of swamps. In the wet season, freshwater is trapped within the swamp and the adjoining boundary in the tidal river, for long periods following the passage of a short-lived flood. This may have important ecological implications. A fluid-mud layer appears to be created by strong tidal currents over colloidal mangrove mud. 相似文献
11.
Numerical study of current fields near the Changjiang Estuary and impact of Quick-EnKF assimilation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A 30-d current numerical simulation is running for the Yangshan Port, the Changjiang Estuary, the Hangzhou Bay and their adjacent seas using a finite volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM), with Changjiang River runoff and wind effect being considered. At the open boundary, this model is driven by the water level obtained from prediction including eight main partial tides. After the harmonic analysis, the cotidal chart and the iso-amplitude line as well as the current ellipse distribution map are displayed to illustrate the propagation property of a tidal wave. Horizontal velocity of both the U and V components coincides with the actual measurement, which shows that the model result is credible to describe the hydrodynamic pattern in this sea area. On this basis, real-time current data from high-frequency radar is assimilated with the implementation of quick ensemble Kalman filter, which takes the variation tendency of the state vector to compute the analysis field, instead of integrating the field for N (the number of ensemble) times as it used to in the standard EnKF, aiming at raising the efficiency of computation, reducing the error of prediction and at the same time, improving the forecast effect. 相似文献
12.
珠江河口磨刀门水道枯季盐水入侵特性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨磨刀门水道潮流和盐度的三维分布特性,本文建立了磨刀门水道的三维潮流和盐度数值模型,采用2009年枯季磨刀门水道实测潮流和盐度资料对模型参数进行率定和验证。结果显示,枯季由于上游径流量小,磨刀门水道总体涨、落潮流速都不大,表层总体涨潮平均流速都在0.5 m/s以内,总体落潮平均流速在0.8 m/s以内;底层总体涨落潮平均流速都在0.5 m/s以内;从盐度的平面分布来看,磨刀门水道近口门河段总体呈现涨潮时水道东侧盐度高于西侧,落潮时东侧盐度小于西侧的趋势。大潮和中潮期间,落潮时盐水向上游的入侵距离反而较涨潮时更远,主要原因是,落潮时的底层盐水向上游的补偿流动以及地形阻拦形成更为强烈的紊动扩散。潮汐动力弱(小潮)时,整个水道内水流流速很小,流态平缓,紊动较弱,总体仍呈现涨潮时入侵距离大于落潮,显示枯季磨刀门水道盐水入侵的主要影响因素取决于地形和潮动力。 相似文献
13.
提要 本研究成功将水动力模型ROMS(the regional oceanic modeling system model)与箱式模型结合,详细阐述了长江口及邻近水域四个季节的水通量特征及水体交换特性,为其物质通量研究提供准确的水量基础。研究发现,总的水通量整体受季风控制,季风的重要作用在于使得水体在南北方向上交替输送,而台湾暖流对春夏季底层水体南向输运具有重要作用;直接进入123.5°E以东外海区域的水通量很少,而是先从南边界流出研究区域,然后通过海洋环流系统进入外海。长江径流是影响水体更新的重要因素,但在强烈季风下,水体更新主要依赖于季风方向的水平水通量,主要是同层水体而不是表底层水体之间的交换。所以不能简单的以水体更新时间长短作为强烈季风区底层缺氧高发与否的标准。因此,虽然水体更新时间较长的区域与缺氧区基本一致,本研究认为该区域底层水体缺氧的本质原因是跃层阻隔了表底层水体之间的交换。 相似文献
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为拓展养殖空间,发展开放海区鲍养殖产业,在福建兴化湾新开发海区进行了抗风浪养鲍新技术的研究,对开放海区与传统遮蔽养殖海区、延绳式PVC管养技术与传统筏架式筐养技术进行了分析比较.结果表明,经19个月的养殖,开放海区PVC管养组鲍的日均增质量以及成活率分别为(106.41±5.33)mg/d和82.75％,显著大于处在开放海区和遮蔽海区的2个筐养组(P＜0.05).冬春季为鲍的最佳生长时期,其日均增长表现为PVC管养组大于筐养组(P＜0.05);开放海区大于传统遮蔽养殖海区(P＜0.05).养殖器具的污损生物附着量则表现为所有筐养组均显著大于PVC管养组(P＜0.05).夏秋季采用水下延绳式PVC管养模式还能有效地避免高温、污损生物和台风的侵袭与危害. 相似文献
16.
Tidal energy budget in the Zhujiang(Pearl River) Estuary(ZE) is evaluated by employing high-resolution baroclinic regional ocean modeling system(ROMS). The results obtained via applying the least square method on the model elevations are compared against the tidal harmonic constants at 18 tide stations along the ZE and its adjacent coast. The mean absolute errors between the simulation and the observation of M_2, S_2, K_1 and O_1 are 4.6, 2.8, 3.2 and 2.8 cm in amplitudes and 9.8°, 15.0°, 4.6° and 4.6° in phase-lags, respectively. The comparisons between the simulated and observed sea level heights at 11 tide gauge stations also suggest good model performance. The total tidal energy flux incoming the ZE is estimated to be 343.49 MW in the dry season and larger than 336.18 MW in the wet season, which should due to higher mean sea level height and heavier density in the dry season. M_2, K_1, S_2, O_1 and N_2, the top five barotropic tidal energy flux contributors for the ZE,import 242.23(236.79), 52.97(52.08), 24.49(23.96), 16.22(15.91) and 7.10(6.97) MW energy flux into the ZE in dry(wet) season, successively and respectively. The enhanced turbulent mixing induced by eddies around isolated islands and sharp headlands dominated by bottom friction, interaction between tidal currents and sill topography or constricted narrow waterways together account for the five energy dissipation hotspots, which add up to about 38% of the total energy dissipation inside the ZE. 相似文献
17.
长江河口北槽弯道横向次生流、混合与层化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2013年2月25至26日(枯季/大潮)、7月23至24日(洪季/大潮)分别在长江河口北槽弯道沿着3条横向测线CS6、CSW和CS3(每条测线上有北、中、南3个站位)测得水位、流速、盐度和含沙量的时间序列资料。通过这些资料的定量计算、分析,理解弯道横向次生流、混合与层化的时、空变化和各种物理机制及其相对重要性。3条横向测线均存在横向次生流,且横向测线CS3还出现横向次生环流。枯、洪季,仅在横向测线CS6、CS3出现环状欧拉余流。枯、洪季,沿着横向测线CS3,3个站位的横向斜压梯度比离心加速度和科氏加速度都大1~2个数量级,而后两项大小接近且数量级都是10-4,罗斯贝数在1左右。这些表明:横向次生流受横向斜压梯度、离心加速度和科氏加速度共同驱动,前一项相对于后两项更加重要。沿着3条横向测线:1)枯、洪季大潮,平均势能差异分别约为54.23、66.56 J/m3,表明洪季层化强于枯季;2)枯季涨潮,平均的势能差异普遍小于落潮,而洪季涨潮,平均的势能差异普遍大于落潮,表明枯、洪季湍流混合均存在潮汐不对称性;3)枯季,由横向、纵向水深平均应变(ΦS-y、ΦS-x)引起的势能差异变化率的范围分别是-67×10~(-3)~37×10~(-3)、-7×10~(-3)~11×10~(-3)W/m~3,而洪季,相应的范围分别是-45×10~(-3)~30×10~(-3)、-14×10~(-3)~13×10~(-3)W/m~3,表明枯、洪季差异不明显,横向水深平均应变(ΦS-y)均大于纵向水深平均应变(ΦS-x),前项对水体混合与层化的影响更大;4)枯季大潮,纵向平流(ΦA-x)、横向平流(ΦA-y)、纵向水深平均应变(ΦS-x)和横向水深平均应变(ΦS-y)的潮汐平均绝对值占四项总和之比例分别为26%、33%、18%和23%,而洪季大潮,相应的值的比例分别为13%、9%、22%和56%,表明枯季,平流项(ΦA-y最大)对混合与层化的控制可能占主导地位;洪季,应变项(ΦS-y最大)可能占主导地位。无量纲数(m)被用于判别横向平流(ΦA-y)、横向水深-平均应变(ΦS-y)的相对重要性。一个概念性模式被用于显示层化与横向次生流/环流的相互关系。 相似文献
18.
胶州湾前湾填海对其水动力影响预测分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
本文采用ECOM-SED模式、算子分裂法和“干、湿”点法建立了胶州湾变边界数值模型。从潮、余流、潮波系统和潮流能几方面预测分析了胶州湾前湾追地对海洋水动力的影响。结果表明，前湾填海对胶州湾的潮波系统影响甚微，振幅和位相的变化都在1％以内。但是在前湾和工程附近海域潮流和余流变化比较大，其他海域的潮流和余流变化不大，潮流流速变化为1％左右，余流流速变化为3．14％～9．16％。填海后，内湾口和外湾口附近潮能通量增加2．6％～5．24％，前湾和工程局部区域潮能通量减小20．21％～87．23％。 相似文献
19.
Takashige Sugimoto 《Journal of Oceanography》1975,31(1):1-14
The effects of the coastal boundary geometries on the tidal currents and the tidal mixing are studied mainly on the basis of hydraulic model experiments. Mizushima-Nada Sea, which is located in the central part of Seto Inland Sea, and the whole Seto Inland Sea were chosen as the prototypes.Currents and eddies geometrically induced in the tidal currents and in the ocean currents have significant effects on the water exchange, from small scales to meso scales, in the bays and near-shore regions of the ocean.As to small scale phenomena near irregular coastal boundaries such as river mouths, headlands and harbors, tidal currents produce organized eddy currents of the width scale. They are important to the temporary flushing and the local redistribution of the river water or the waste water.As to phenomena of larger scales, the tidal currents produce rather steady residual circulations in each part of the Inland Sea, due to the non-linear effects of the oscillating component. They are controlled by the geometry of the sea as separated by a narrow strait. These horizontal circulations of about 20 km in scale become the main mechanism of the water exchange in the Inland Sea. The one-dimensional dispersion coefficient due to these circulations is proportional to the product of the diameter and the current velocity of the circulations. The proportional constant takes the value of 0.40.5. 相似文献
20.
Fernando P. Andutta Peter V. RiddEric Wolanski 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,94(4):299-305
The coastal waters of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) are hypersaline (salinity ∼37) during the dry season as a result of evaporation greatly exceeding rainfall, of shallow waters, and of the presence of numerous bays along the coast preventing rapid flushing. These hypersaline waters are not flushed out by salinity-driven baroclinic currents because these waters are vertically well-mixed. Instead these waters are transported by a longshore residual current and thus form a coastal boundary layer of hypersaline waters. As a result the hypersalinity distribution is 2-D with both cross-shelf and longshore gradients of salinity. The cross-shelf gradients are largely controlled by turbulent diffusion, while the longshore gradients are controlled by the residual currents that transport hypersaline waters longshore south ward in the central and southern regions of the GBR. Because every bay supplies hypersaline waters, the width of the coastal hypersaline layer increases southwards. Steady state is reached in about 100 days, which is the typical duration of the dry season. The dynamics of the GBR hypersaline coastal boundary layer thus differ from the classical inverse hypersaline systems, e.g. in Saloum River Estuary, Laguna San Ignacio, Mission Bay, Tomales Bay, San Diego Bay, Hervey Bay, Shark Bay, Coorong Coast Lagoon, Spencer Gulf, Gulf of California and many others where the salinity gradient is mainly 1-D with a dominant along-channel salinity gradient. 相似文献