共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
提高地震定位精度新方法的研究 总被引：18，自引：9，他引：18
根据现有台网的分布密度、仪器配置的状况和目前震相判读精度提出了一些新的措施来提高地震定位的效率和精度。主要思想有采用“全局搜索和单纯形综和求解法”求解方程的极值，计算中考虑地球曲率，并做椭球校正。采用“翻台法”来改善目标函数、实现“目标函数拉伸”的思想、控制解域和自行调整发震时刻提高求解的稳定性和精度。采用“模拟退火法”的物理性质来控制试错解的跨越长度，提高求解效率和解的分辨精度。采用区域走时表加台站校正值的思想来减小速度模型的复杂性。采用ＰＴＤ方法和ｓＰｎ－Ｐｎ方法来求震源深度。在地震定位过程中显示地图经纬度，同步演示定位过程及结果。同时还在屏幕上显示传统的交切结果以帮助分析人员判定定位结果的可靠性。区域走时表采用地壳曲面模型，允许模型带有低速层，各层具有梯度，且不限层数，自动使用台站校正值并给出定位误差。根据上述思想和不同的需要分别编制了地方、区域台网定位程序，全国、全球地震定位程序，极远震定位程序用于速报和专门用于研究的地震定位程序。这些程序还带有求震源深度和震级的功能。对于专门进行地震定位研究的工作，还提供了绘制地震定位误差二维等值线图和三维误差分布图的功能。 相似文献
2.
上海地震台阵(网)近震定位的翻台方法 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
为了快速而精确地确定震源位置，尽可能减少定位所产生的误差，引入了求解准则函数极小值的“POWELL”方法、“模拟退火法”、求解震源深度的“PTD方法”和“翻台法”用于近震定位。本文利用上述方法编制了近震定位程序，经过理论和实际应用的严格考察，已在全国部分数字化地震台网中推广使用，效果较好。 相似文献
3.
地震定位程序BLOC及其变体：华北地区遥测地震台网联网论文续二 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
简要描述了研制并几经修改扩充的地震定位程序ＢＬＯＣ，并以它的最新扩展版本ＮＣ９１为例说明其使用方法，最后讨论了ＢＬＯＣ定位程序进一步发展的构想。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
P^—波定位方法的研究及软件编制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ｐ＾－波定位方法是针对网内及网缘发生较大震级地震时，地震波记录限幅Ｓ＾＝难以辨认的情况，而编；与的单震相定位程序。该程序可由数字化仪输入地震波到时数据，然后进行定位，定位计算分两步进行，即初定和修定，初定仅根据区域台风提供直达波到时，列出走时方程，将走时方程线性化，解出四个震源参数，为了防止输入的个别错误数据影响定位，采取了图形显示的方法。 相似文献
7.
对主地震定位法的基本原理进行了详细阐述,分析了主地震法具体应用中的困难及解决方法．编写了一套主地震法定位程序,对伽师强震群中MS3.0地震进行了重新定位．定位结果与传统定位方法设计的定位程序的定位结果比较,震中分布与所求震源机制解结果更吻合,震源深度集中在15～30 km,定位走时残差降到传统方法的30%,定位误差垂直向可控制在3 km内,水平向可控制在1.5 km内．文中对精确定位结果可能包含的构造信息进行了讨论． 相似文献
8.
双差算法的剖析及参数对定位的影响 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
分析了双差定位程序hypoDD实现的流程,对程序参数进行了研究和剖析,并且以2007年6月云南普洱地震为例,指出了在使用双差定位算法过程中需要注意的问题。 相似文献
9.
10.
利用多功能地震定位程序包 MELP82,可以根据不同的使用目的,选用不同的地震定位方法,完成单个地震定位、成组单个地震定位、标准事件定位方法、利用标定地震的联合震源测定或联合震中测定、以及联合测定地震参数与速度模型等。程序包由主控程序,控制子程序及功能程序构成、采用统一的数据格式,从而便于选用不同方法处理同一组数据,也便于调整程序组合和扩充程序包功能。本文将扼要介绍程序包的功能和基本结构,并对使用的几种定位方法的共性与特点加以分析。文中还讨论了本程序包的可能应用范围。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
19.
M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
20.