共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
分析福建沿岸区域气象自动站、近海气象浮标站等有关风的精细观测资料以及NCEP再分析、雷达反演风场等资料,研究了2010年第10号台风"莫兰蒂"影响福建期间,福建近海风场分布的特点及其成因,以寻找台风影响时福建近海风场预报的着眼点.结果表明:受到环境场及台湾海峡狭管效应,气流与中央山脉之间绕流、阻挡等共同作用,1010号台风"莫兰蒂"影响福建期间,大风在海区上主要集中分布在台风环流东部和福建北部海区;福建中部沿海最早出现大风;而大部分台风影响时间中,中部沿海风力大于北部、南部沿海风力,呈现中间大两头小的布局.特别是1010号台风"莫兰蒂",进入台湾海峡后发展成微型台风,靠近台风的测站在台风临近时才大风突起.而这种微型台风,大风天气突发性强,在风的精细预报中要特别注意短时临近的监控监测.对比各种资料的应用效果表明:NCEP再分析资料反映的主要是海区的大风分布;雷达反演风场,必须结合实况资料验证,具有一定的参考价值;近海浮标站资料,能较早反映台风影响时风场的演变特点,但近海浮标站所观测的海区风力不一定大于相近的沿岸区域气象自动站所观测的沿海风力,二者所观测到的风力、风向的变化与台风位置密切相关.在业务预报中,对近海浮标站资料的应用,还需深入研究,具体情况具体分析. 相似文献
2.
Naoto Ebuchi 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(3):293-301
Marine surface winds observed by two microwave sensors, SeaWinds and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR), on the
Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) are evaluated by comparison with off-shore moored buoy observations. The
wind speed and direction observed by SeaWinds are in good agreement with buoy data with root-mean-squared (rms) differences
of approximately 1 m s−1 and 20°, respectively. No systematic biases depending on wind speed or cross-track wind vector cell location are discernible.
The effects of oceanographic and atmospheric environments on the scatterometry are negligible. Though the wind speed observed
by AMSR also showed agreement with buoy observations with rms difference of 1.27 m s−1, the AMSR wind speed is systematically lower than the buoy data for wind speeds lower than 5 m s−1. The AMSR wind seems to have a discontinuous trend relative to the buoy data at wind speeds of 5–6 m s−1. Similar results have been obtained in an intercomparison of wind speeds globally observed by SeaWinds and AMSR on the same
orbits. A global wind speed histogram of the AMSR wind shows skewed features in comparison with those of SeaWinds and European
Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analyses. 相似文献
3.
风场对SWAN模式在台湾海峡后报结果的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本文利用SWAN模式模拟分析了CCMP和DASCAT两种常用风场数据在台湾海峡海面的浪场结果。东北季风期3个月的浪场模拟结果与浮标实测波高时序数据相比，偏差均值不大于0.33 m，偏差均方根不大于0.59 m。一般在浮标波高大于3.5 m和小于1.0 m时，偏差偏大。6 h分辨率的风场数据相较于24 h分辨率风场数据对应的模拟结果更接近于浮标实测结果。在6 h和24 h分辨率的CCMP风场数据和24 h分辨率的DASCAT风场数据的模拟结果中，两两结果间的空间相关系数均不低于0.90，偏差均值不大于0.32 m，偏差均方根不大于0.4 m。 相似文献
4.
两种海面风场的对比及对海浪模拟的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海面风场在海浪模拟研究和预报中起着关键性的作用,再分析风场数据可为海浪模式提供长时间的大范围、高时空分辨率海面风场。利用日本浮标站资料和卫星高度计资料对再分析风场QuickSCAT/NCEP(Q/N)混合风场和ERA风场进行验证分析,并利用WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ模式进行连续12个月的数值模拟试验。对比风场和计算得到的海浪场得出结论:在风速较小的时候,ERA和Q/N风场较实测风场大,在风速较大的时候,ERA和Q/N风场较实测风场小;ERA风场模拟浪高较浮标观测波高偏小;Q/N混合风场模拟的浪高更接近实测浪高。 相似文献
5.
Using observations and numerical simulations, this study examines the intraseasonal variability of the surface zonal current(u ISV) over the equatorial Indian Ocean, highlighting the seasonal and spatial differences, and the causes of the differences. Large-amplitude u ISV occurs in the eastern basin at around 80°–90°E and near the western boundary at 45°–55°E. In the eastern basin, the u ISV is mainly caused by the atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs), which explains 91% of the standard... 相似文献
6.
We present the results of numerical simulation of currents and sea level for the Sea of Azov. In calculations, we use a three-dimensional
nonlinear mathematical model taking into account the tangential wind stresses. We present the results of numerical analysis
of the fields of currents and the amplitudes of oscillations of the sea level at the coastal stations as functions of the
maximum velocity and the period of constant action of the west wind.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 1, pp. 12–25, January–February, 2008. 相似文献
7.
The present paper describes the set-up and application of the third-generation wave model — WAM Cycle 4 to the Black Sea. The wind fields are calculated by a regional atmosphere model (REMO), which was driven with the conditions from the global NCEP re-analysis project. These atmospheric data are used to force the state-of-the-art WAM model. The validation is done by comparison of wave model output against directional buoy measurements registered at three deep-water locations and wave gauge data taken at a point in intermediate depth near the Black Sea coast. The results reveal that agreement between modeled and measured data is satisfactory and the quality of the simulations increases under more energetic and severer wind and wave conditions. Following the validation, a 41-year wave hindcast was implemented spanning the period 1958–1998. 相似文献
8.
We present the results of experimental investigations of mesoscale wave processes in the surface layer based on the data of
multiyear synchronous minute-by-minute measurements of atmospheric parameters and admixtures on a network consisting of five
stations spaced 1–6 km apart. The concentrations of sulfur dioxide, carbon oxide, nitrogen oxide and dioxide; the mass concentration
of aerosol; and the temperature and pressure, wind velocity and direction, and relative humidity were measured synchronously.
Polarization relations for all the measured parameters have been obtained for different periods and wavelengths. The azimuth
of mesoscale wave propagation is detected to depend on the mean wind velocity. It is shown that the densities of elastic and
horizontal energies of mesoscale waves are essentially different on different scales. 相似文献
9.
Ａｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｍｏｄｅｌｏｎｓｅａｓｕｒｆａｃｅｗｉｎｄｏｆｔｙｐｈｏｏｎａｎｄｉｔｓｈｉｎｄｃａｓｔｉｎｇｃａｌｉｂｒａｔｉｏｎ￥ＳｈｅＪｕｎ；ＹｕａｎＹｅｌｉａｎｄＰａｎＺｅｎｇｄｉ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＡｐｒｉｌ１４，１９９３；ａｃｃｅｐｔｅ... 相似文献
10.
对不同波况条件下实测的一岬间海滩碎波带两个测站的波面数据 ,通过小波变换方法计算了小波能谱 ,并作了显著性检验。结果表明 :( 1 )碎波带波能存在典型的多尺度振荡特性 ;( 2 )在正常波况下 ,波能主要分布于风浪频域 ,入射波自外测站向内测站传播过程中 ,能量具有向低频方向转移的趋势 ;( 3)在高能波况下 ,能量均向长重力波频带增加 ,在长重力波显著尺度 ,二测站之间存在良好的位相一致关系 相似文献
11.
利用高分辨率的大气和波浪数值模式,模拟了2016年苏北近海的风场和波浪场,并与卫星高度计资料、散射计风场、再分析资料以及实测浮标资料进行了比较,验证了模式的准确性。基于这套模式结果,系统地分析了江苏近海的风场和波浪场的多时间尺度变化:季节变化、日变化以及季节内变化(台风、寒潮)。分析结果表明:苏北近海海域的风速、有效波高和涌浪在冬季和秋季较大、春季和夏季较小;冬季盛行西北风,常浪向为西北向,夏季盛行东南风,常浪向为东南向。风场和波浪场还具有显著的日变化特征,且日变化存在季节变化规律,离岸越近海域日变化特征越明显。同时,江苏近海还会经历季节内尺度的强天气过程的影响,比如台风和寒潮。 相似文献
12.
在合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)海面风场反演中,基于风条纹影像纹理特征的海面风向反演方法精度高,但是依赖于图像风条纹的存在,而外部风向信息与SAR资料时空分辨率不易匹配、精度较低,从而影响大面积、高分辨率海面风场反演的精度。针对此问题,提出一种将SAR图像风条纹线性纹理特征与外部风向信息相结合的星载SAR海面风向获取方法,在SAR影像线性纹理特征明显的区域采用二维连续小波变换得到高精度的海面风向,其余区域采用与之时空相匹配的数值预报模式风向填充;并利用地球物理模型函数进一步得到海面风速,进而实现高精度、大范围海面风场的反演。为验证本文方法的有效性,利用ENVISAT/ASAR数据进行风场反演试验,并将反演结果与浮标实测数据进行比对。结果表明:在线性纹理特征明显的区域,小波方法的反演精度优于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)法和数值预报模式风向;外部风向精度略低,但与SAR观测资料时空匹配性较好,弥补了风条纹风向的不足。二者的结合为星载SAR海面风场反演的业务化应用提供了支持。 相似文献
13.
Amal C. Phadke Christopher D. Martino Kwok Fai Cheung Samuel H. Houston 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(4):5039-578
This paper compares three commonly used parametric models of tropical cyclone winds and evaluates their application in the wave model WAM. The parametric models provide surface wind fields based on best tracks of tropical cyclones and WAM simulates wave growth based on the wind energy input. The model package is applied to hindcast the wind and wave conditions of Hurricane Iniki, which directly hit the Hawaiian Island of Kauai in 1992. The parametric wind fields are evaluated against buoy and aircraft measurements made during the storm. A sensitivity analysis determines the spatial and spectral resolution needed to model the wave field of Hurricane Iniki. Comparisons of the modeled waves with buoy measurements indicate good agreement within the core of the storm and demonstrate the capability of the model package as a forecasting tool for emergency management. 相似文献
14.
We made and set a spar buoy in September 1975 at Tsuyazaki for the purpose of developing the buoy system to acquire the oceanographical data. Motions of the buoy were also measured in terms of three components of acceleration, roll, and pitch. The buoy was removed from the site in May 1978.A method of eliminating influence of the buoy motion on the measured wave data was invented and examined by using the field data. It was found that the influence of the buoy motion on the wave data was so small that the amount of correcting the motion was negligible. In addition wave data obtained at the buoy were compared with those obtained at the fixed type platform, which was built in 1974 to get the reference data of wind, waves and currents. The agreement was found to be good. The performance of the buoy was as good as intended. Thus, it was shown that the buoy so far developed could be used as the platform for oceanographic research such as measuring wind and waves with higher precision. 相似文献
15.
台湾岛地处亚欧大陆和太平洋交界处,台风、东北季风等所引起的海洋灾害频繁,所以建立完备的海洋水文观测体系显得尤为重要。中国台湾自主建置完成的近海水文观测体系由资料浮标站、观测桩、潮位站、岸边气象站、雷达测波站等多种近海水文观测系统构建组成;同时,为确保观测体系的准确性和规范性,还建立了数据品质管理系统和标准化作业模式。在近海水文观测数据的分析方面,尝试应用新的数学分析方法,如通过EMD（empirical mode decomposition）方法探讨风暴潮水位变化,利用小波转换从雷达观测影像中分析近岸波浪信息,以及发展数据同化技术将观测数据应用于作业化波浪现报、预报模式。此外,近海水文观测体系在社会应用方面有着很大的发展潜质。 相似文献
16.
有效波高是描述海浪的关键参数。欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）提供的ERA-Interim再分析数据提供了全球海浪的有效波高,本文选取该数据在台湾海峡2013年3月份的有效波高结果,分别与浮标观测数据以及海浪数值模式SWAN （Simulating Waves Nearshore）的数值模拟结果相对比,来分析其预报效果。结果显示:在浮标点,ERA-Interim数据和SWAN模拟浪高数据与浮标浪高数据的时间相关系数分别为0.94和0.98,ERA-Interim数据的浪高均值约为浮标的51%,为SWAN模拟数据的70%。在台湾海峡区域,ERA-Interim数据与SWAN模拟浪高之间的空间异常相关系数（ACC）月均值为0.51,时序ACC曲线显示,一般在海峡东北口风初起时刻ACC值最小,在风吹遍海峡并增长的过程中,ACC迅速增加,在风速达到最大值之后,ACC开始下降,但ERA-Interim数据与SWAN数值模拟结果在整个海峡区域的浪高最大值与最小值分布位置基本一致。综合分析,ERA-Interim数据能够反映台湾海峡区域此时间段的有效波高的时空变化趋势,在数值上有明显低估。 相似文献
17.
The climatic features of the formation of precipitation and their correlation with the baric situation in the Atlantic-European
sector are studied on the basis of the data of the Sevastopol and Feodosiya coastal hydrometeorological stations. As the source
data, we use the data arrays of daily precipitation at these stations in 1900–2005 and the data of reanalysis of the fields
of atmospheric pressure in the Atlantic-European sector. The comparative statistical analysis of daily precipitation for the
wet and dry summer and winter seasons and the estimates of extremely high levels of precipitation for the specified periods
of repeatability are presented. The existence of the dependence of occurrence of wet and dry winter seasons in Sevastopol
and Feodosiya on the large-scale baric fields in the Atlantic-European sector is confirmed.
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 43–51, July–August, 2008. 相似文献
18.
海浪对ASCAT散射计反演风场的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
To improve retrieval accuracy, this paper studies wave effects on retrieved wind field from a scatterometer. First, the advanced scatterometer(ASCAT) data and buoy data of the National Data Buoy Center(NDBC) are collocated. Buoy wind speed is converted into neutral wind at 10 m height. Then, ASCAT data are compared with the buoy data for the wind speed and direction. Subsequently, the errors between the ASCAT and the buoy wind as a function of each wave parameter are used to analyze the wave effects. Wave parameters include dominant wave period(dpd), significant wave height(swh), average wave period(apd) and the angle between the dominant wave direction(dwd) and the wind direction. Collocated data are divided into sub-datasets according to the different intervals of each wave parameter. A root mean square error(RMSE) for the wind speed and a mean absolute error(MAE) for the wind direction are calculated from the sub-datasets, which are considered as the function of wave parameters. Finally, optimal wave conditions on wind retrieved from the ASCAT are determined based on the error analyses. The results show the ocean wave parameters have correlative relationships with the RMSE of the retrieved wind speed and the MAE of the retrieved wind direction. The optimal wave conditions are presented in terms of dpd, swh, apd and angle. 相似文献
19.
On the basis of the contemporary array of oceanographic and hydrometeorological data, we compute the characteristics of variations
of the Gulf-Stream transport in 1950–2004. The role played by the low-frequency oscillations of vorticity of the wind field
and turbulent heat fluxes in the North Atlantic in the formation of the analyzed variations is estimated. We reveal a significant
(on a 5% confidence level) positive linear trend of the monthly average Gulf-Stream transport manifested in the increase in
the Gulf-Stream transport by 13 Sv for the investigated period. On the basis of the established estimates, we make a conclusion
that about a quarter of the interannual variations of the Gulf-Stream transport is caused by the low-frequency oscillations
of vorticity of the wind field in the Subtropical Atlantic. Moreover, the Gulf-Stream transport is delayed relative to the
wind oscillations by about 2 yr. An important role in the changes in the Gulf-Stream transport is played by the response of
the system of west boundary currents to the quasiperiodic action of turbulent heat fluxes on the surface of the ocean connected
with the North-Atlantic Oscillation. The intensification of turbulent heat fluxes in the Northern Subpolar Cyclonic Gyre and
their weakening in the north part of the Subtropical Anticyclonic Gyre are accompanied by the intensification of the Gulf
Stream observed after 3–5 yr. The anomalies of turbulent heat fluxes of the opposite sign are followed by weakening of the
Gulf Stream also after a period of 3–5 yr. We also mention a potentially important role played the Pacific decadal oscillation
in maintaining the decadal variations of the intensity of Gulf Stream. The influence of this oscillation on the Gulf-Stream
transport is realized both via the changes in the wind field in different phases of oscillations and due to its influence
on the heat exchange of the ocean with the atmosphere. 相似文献
20.
《海洋技术学报》2024,(1)
为了分析台风影响下浙江沿海风和浪的演变特点，利用浙江省海洋浮标站监测数据和欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代全球气候大气再分析数据（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v5，ERA5），选取2010年以来严重影响浙江的7次台风个例，对台风作用下浙江沿海海面风和浪的演变特点进行分析。结果表明：在台风影响过程中，海浪波型多数呈现混合浪-风浪-混合浪的演变规律；涌浪波型的出现与台风强度及其与浮标站的距离和方位有关，也与海洋潮汐现象紧密相关。台风影响期间，浙江沿海浪高的变化受风速和风向共同作用影响。在风向不变的情况下，持续风速增大对浪高的增大有明显作用；风向的变化也会对浪高变化产生影响，向岸风和离岸风的转变会造成浪高出现剧烈变化。ERA5 再分析资料有效波高在台风浪较大时会呈现偏小的趋势，分析订正后的ERA5 有效波高发现，台风浪有效波高大值区与台风中心位置相关。研究结果可为严重影响浙江沿海的台风浪预报服务提供参考。 相似文献