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针对GIS生成的地图产品脱离GIS地理空间数据,割裂地理要素与地图对象完整性,导致输出地图产品更新困难。结合制图单位实际生成需求,研究GIS静态图式表达和GIS制图表达;基于GIS制图模板和GIS符号库,采用C#+ArcEngine编程技术,实现GIS专题制图系统。系统具有GIS静态图式渲染功能和GIS制图表达功能,并以某区域专题制图项目为例,对比分析不同方式专题制图效果。结果表明基于地理空间数据规则的地图制图表达技术能够兼顾GIS和地图制图对数据的不同要求,可快速完成地图制作,部分解决传统上必须通过大量人工编辑才能够完成的制图任务,一定程度提高工作效率。 相似文献
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20世纪以来,地图学开始成为一门独立的学科,随着科学技术尤其是计算机技术的发展,地图学经历了前所未有的变革。回顾了国内外有关该研究领域的期刊出版情况和20世纪90年代以来的期刊发展,包括地图学、地理信息系统、地图史和相关测绘期刊,由此呈现出的学科发展信息,以及互联网和基于网络电子出版对现代地图学刊物的影响,特别介绍了开放式出版期刊模式的发展,并对测绘期刊的发展提出了自己的看法。 相似文献
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Isi A. Ikhuoria 《Transactions in GIS》1999,3(4):343-358
The provision of geographical information systems (GIS), particularly as an integrator of digital cartographic principles, in West Africa is evaluated by examining the professionalism and manpower issues, trends of cartographic and GIS education and training, usage of modern technology and dissemination of spatial information as well as in terms of the level of regional co-operation. The analysis shows that there is potential for the rapid growth and recognition of the disciplinary and societal relevance of GIS in West Africa. This is indicated by the cartography, remote sensing, and GIS programmes being established in Nigerian and Ghanaian tertiary institutions, as well as the changes from analogue to digital mapping procedures in the public and petroleum oil organisations. 相似文献
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为解决省级基础测绘成果快速制图问题,提高省级基础地理信息数据库快速制图效率,提出了基于智能规则的空间数据制图模型。抽象制图数据标准化、符号库设计、制图模板设计三要素,并以智能制图模板为基础,建立了完善的省级基础测绘成果制图规则和模型,本文阐述了该制图模型的概念和体系结构,并通过实验验证了制图模型的科学性、有效性和合理性,大大提高了入库成果数据在制图表达工作中的效率。 相似文献
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为了提高DLG和DRG数据生产效率,改变传统作业模式,解决图库数据分离造成的数据不同步、数据维护复杂等问题,笔者引入"图库一体化"解决方案,通过建立图库一体化数据模型,利用制图表达原理研究算法实现复杂符号效果,采用智能化标注、地图整饰自动化等关键性技术,基于Arc GIS Engine实现Umap图库一体化系统。 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(3):269-277
The current generation of US students engaging with cartography has always had some form of access to computing technologies. Further, this generation has always known a world with networked computer capabilities – the Internet and World Wide Web. Their experience of cartography is largely through fleeting representations shown on a variety of display screens, thereby encountering information differently than most of their instructors. Teaching cartography to these “digital natives” consequently challenges teachers to engage increasing levels of experience and knowledge of technology while assuring fundamental understanding of cartographic concepts and analysis techniques. Although GIS is used in a vast range of fields, we believe many students are discouraged from programs and courses oriented towards educating cartographic specialists. However, general interest in mapping has never been as significant a part of American culture as it is today. In spite of accessible modes of digital mapping now widely available, introducing cartographic fundamentals retains great significance for undergraduate cartography education. In this paper we present a new pedagogical model for undergraduate cartography education that introduces students finding curiousity in mapping, but lacking desire to become cartographic specialists, to mapping. This model enables undergraduate students to learn fundamentals and begin to reflect critically on the concepts and techniques of modern cartography. Our example stems from a class that systematically addresses barriers to learning and mapping through active-learning based approaches in an interactive classroom. The active-learning approach involves significant engagements with the potentials and challenges of modern cartography in the information age by embracing inquiry-based pedagogical methods and learning with and about mapping. 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):48-60
The growth of web-based mapping is transforming geovisualization. Use of web mapping has become ubiquitous throughout much of the world and has sparked greater public interest in GIS and mapping. Despite the rapid growth of web mapping, there has been relatively little study of the design and usability of web maps. Moreover, the design and function of popular web mapping programs are sometimes at odds with standard GIS and cartographic practices for even the simplest of functions such as zooming into a feature of interest. This study advances understanding of web mapping design via web usability testing based on mouse metrics and eye tracking technology to assess the utility of four different web map navigation schemes: pan zoom; double clicking; zoom by rectangle; and wheel zoom. We found significant differences among the various interfaces, with marked preference for the standard GIS approach of rectangle zoom, followed closely by wheel zoom. Far fewer users preferred the web mapping standard of pan zoom or click zoom. In addition to finding significant differences in usability among these approaches, this work illustrates the broader utility of usability testing and eye tracking technology for creating a better web mapping experience for users. 相似文献
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扼要分析了地理数据库的概念和当前社会对地理信息服务的需求,据此研究了以地理要素符号化表达为核心的地理数据库的构建和维护方法,对地形图的自动缩编进行了尝试,解决了在桌面软件上使用不同层次的地理信息服务等问题。 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):155-157
In this article, we suggest that a universally accepted cartographic software program does not currently exist and has never existed, but mapping software capabilities are improving, and cartographers should be involved software developments for map making. We describe the current state of software development and explore what an ideal solution for the future would be. In a related vein, GIS and other data are not generally designed for cartography, but we are learning how they can be, and cartographers should also be involved in the modeling of GIS and other data used for map making. 相似文献
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当前,应急响应范式已经由“预测-应对”转变为“情景-应对”,应急地图作为应急测绘地理信息保障服务的重要内容,其制图方式也应该有所改变。本文介绍了突发事件情景及地理场景的定义,指出地理场景是各情景要素存在或发生的物理空间,同时也是应急地图表达的对象;论述了应急场景快速制图的基本原理及该制图模式具有的4个主要特点;将传统的地图信息传输理论与新应急响应范式相结合,提出了应急场景快速制图模式下的地图信息传输模型,详细论述了模型中空间信息的传输过程,并分析了该过程中影响信息传输效率的地图发送端和接收端的空间认知。 相似文献
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The process of the automated compilation and plotting of thematic maps based on selected methods of cartographic representation is examined. The authors argue that the essence of logical and mathematical processing of digitized space imagery is formalized, objective cartographic representation of the results of image interpretation. General procedures of map compilation are operationalized based on a geomorphological mapping project using Landsat MSS data for the Moscow Region. 相似文献
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自动制图综合一直足地图制图领域中的难点，随着自动制图综合研究的不断深入，产生了许多理论、模型和成果。本文从GIS和自动综合原理的发展出发，论述了两者之间的密切关系，阐述了自动综合原理的发展必须与GIS应用相结合，使自动制图综合理论的研究小仪停留在研究的层面，更能使它产生应用的价值，推动自动综合和GIS的发展。 相似文献
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地理属性和图形属性耦合的信息编码模型 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对地理信息进行编码,是ＧＩＳ设计中最重要的技术步骤之一,它代表着现实世界与信息世界的界面。本文从地图的模型化和空间认知过程出发,提出地理实体编码模型与图形实体编码模型的概念,并着重分析了代表这两类不同编码方式的软件对制图功能的影响,并在此基础上提出了地理属性和地图图形属性耦合的信息编码概念模型。 相似文献
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自然灾害风险地图中的制图综合研究——以点状承灾体为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为提高多尺度灾害风险地图表达中高风险区承灾体的准确、有效、快速识别,基于灾害风险理论,运用地理学规律,在GIS等技术支持下,结合数据挖掘和空间分析技术,探讨了在尺度转换过程中点状承灾体的制图综合问题,并结合承灾体自身及在灾害系统中的属性特征,抽象概括了点状承灾体在灾害地图中的制图综合类型,即重要性综合、特殊性综合、邻近性综合、条件性综合、完整性综合、随机性综合。针对每一种综合类型,给出了可能的灾害情景假设及制图综合方法,并进行了技术实现及可视化表达。结果表明,基于上述6种类型的点状承灾体制图综合,不仅有效解决了尺度转换过程中的数据冗余问题,而且还能准确反映出特定孕灾环境下高风险区承灾体的空间分布,同时也为灾害风险地图的制图综合提供一种新的思路。本研究为区域灾害风险识别、风险防范与管理提供理论与技术支持,进而为区域的防灾减灾提供科学依据。 相似文献