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1.
川西坳陷南段是四川盆地主要的天然气产区之一。前人对该区天然气的来源有多种见解。为了更清楚地认识此地区天然气的来源与运移，本文分析了平落坝、大兴西和白马庙气田16件天然气样品的C1-C4烃及CO2组份的碳同位素组成。所获得的同位素数据结合化学成份和地质资料表明，3个气田的烃类完全是热解成因的，都来源于气田下面的上三叠统烃源岩。这些气田的甲、乙烷碳同位素组成随深度呈不同规律的变化，这些变化归因于烃源岩生烃的热解过程和烃类运移的动力学过程。平落坝气田中侏罗统气藏的烃类大部份形成于烃源岩低成熟和成熟的早期阶段并受到晚期成熟气体的不断补给。平落坝和大兴西气田多数气藏的烃类被认为是从源区垂直向上运移通过上伏地层而进入气藏的，白马庙气田的烃类被认为是沿断裂通道向上侏罗统气藏聚集的。平落坝和大兴西气田的δ^13Cco2值有很宽的分布范围(-10.7‰～-0.7‰)，这表明气田的CO2由来自基底的海洋碳酸盐岩无机碳成份和沉积地层的有机碳成份混合而成。这些气田的[He／CH4]-[N2／CH4]值之间和δ^13Cco2-δ^13Cc1值之间的相关性表明，非烃气体在进入气藏前已同烃类很好地混合，并被CH4为主流相的气流携带着向气藏运移。 相似文献
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徐家围子断陷深层天然天的形成 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过对松辽盆地徐家围子断陷深层天然气的地质和地球化学分析,揭示了天然气的成因特征和形成过程。该区天然气的分子组成和同位素组成均显示出较大的变化,甲烷是天敢中的主要组分,质量分数在５７．４％－９８．２％之间,平均为９０．１％,主要非烃气体是ＣＯ２和Ｎ２,平均质量分数分别为４．９％和３．２％,且ＣＯ２质量分数变化范围较大,气体同位素分析结果表明,甲烷同位素显示煤型气特征,而乙烷和丙烷的同位素显示油型 的特征,表明徐家子深部除煤和ＩＩＩ型干酪根作为主要气源外,仍有一定含量趋于生油的ＩＩ型干酪根作为次要气源,实测和计算结果证实天然气主要是有机质在高成熟阶段形成的产物,运移过程中和成藏后的次生变化使天然气的组成和同位素面目变得非常复杂,尤其是由盖层微渗漏造成的蒸发分馏的作用使同位素出现例转,徐家围子断陷深层煤型气的发现为 相似文献
3.
徐家围子断陷深层天然气的形成 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对松辽盆地徐家围子断陷深层天然气的地质和地球化学分析 ,揭示了天然气的成因特征和形成过程。该区天然气的分子组成和同位素组成均显示出较大的变化 ,甲烷是天然气中的主要组分 ,质量分数在 57.4 % - 98.2 %之间 ,平均为 90 .1%。主要非烃气体是CO2 和N2 ,平均质量分数分别为 4 .9%和 3.2 % ,且CO2 质量分数变化范围较大。气体同位素分析结果表明 ,甲烷同位素显示煤型气特征 ,而乙烷和丙烷的同位素显示油型气的特征 ,表明徐家围子深部除煤和Ⅲ型干酪根作为主要气源外 ,仍有一定含量趋于生油的Ⅱ型干酪根作为次要气源 ,实测和计算结果证实天然气主要是有机质在高成熟阶段形成的产物。运移过程中和成藏后的次生变化使天然气的组成和同位素面目变得非常复杂 ,尤其是由盖层微渗漏造成的蒸发分馏作用使同位素出现倒转。徐家围子断陷深层煤型气的发现为该区油气勘探展示出了更广阔的前景。 相似文献
4.
含油气盆地油气同位素地球化学研究概述 总被引：18，自引：7，他引：18
以气体地球化学国家重点实验室工作为主，简要概述了对我国含油气的同位素地球化学研究。1．烃气的同位素地球化学：讨论了天然气成因新模式与气藏烃气同位素组成的关系，低演化阶段天然气同位素分馏的二阶段模式，云南中小盆地天然气低演化系列同位素特征及用储层解析气作油气源对比。2．稀有气体同位素地球化学：阐述了^3He/^4He值与中国构造分区，幔源氮的复合成藏和幔源甲烷问题以及气源对比等。3．液态烃同位素地球化学：简述了轻烃碳氢同位素特征及氢同位素作为判别古沉积介质盐度的指标，概述了未熟一低熟油同位素特征及在自然剖面上油和源油抽提物碳同位素分馏特征及其机理。 相似文献
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苏北朱家墩气田气源的新证据 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
针对盐城朱家墩气田的气源问题,在前人研究基础上重点补做了天然气和源岩的对比,油气混合及凹陷底部源岩展布等研究,研究再次证实天然气来自古生界,并明确主要是二叠系栖霞组灰岩,同时查明了尽管在数量上不足道,但属于上白垩统泰州组来源的凝析油的组成面貌,盐城册陷底部出露的海相古生界地层可能是一大型背斜的南翼,由北向南地层时代逐渐变新,栖霞组灰岩位于册陷南侧,古生界天然气主要从盐（2）断层通过垂向,侧向运移进入储层,在朱家墩构造聚集成藏,盐（3）断层起到了很好的侧向封堵作用。 相似文献
6.
松辽盆地徐家围子断陷无机成因天然气及其成藏模式 总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37
通过对徐家围子地区天然气组分、同位素资料以及气体包裹体资料的综合分析认为 ,该地区存在无机成因天然气。烃类气体中具有重碳同位素异常 ( >- 2 0‰ )和负碳同位素系列(δ13C1>δ13C2 >δ13C3)的同位素分布特征 ,表现出无机成因烃类气体的特点。高含量的无机CO2 气体和幔源氦的发现 ,指示着该区无机成因天然气主要来自于地球的深部。地幔热柱上升在地壳不同圈层中引起的岩浆火山活动是无机天然气的主要来源 ,而由此形成的地壳“网状”结构和基底大断裂是无机气上升运移至浅部聚集成藏的主要运移通道。构造活动间歇期和活动期分别以渗流方式和幕式涌流方式向上运移可能是深部流体运移的两种主要方式。古隆起带、岩浆侵入带以及基底大断裂带是无机成因天然气的有利聚集带。 相似文献
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Origin and Accumulation of Natural Gases in the Upper Paleozoic Strata of the Ordos Basin in Central China 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
The natural gases in the Upper Paleozoic strata of the Ordos basin are characterized by relatively heavy C isotope of gaseous alkanes with δ 13C1 and δ13C2 values ranging mainly from ?35‰ to ?30‰ and ?27‰ to ?22‰, respectively, high δ13C excursions (round 10) between ethane and methane and predominant methane in hydrocarbon gases with most C1/(C1-C5) ratios in excess of 0.95, suggesting an origin of coal-derived gas. The gases exhibit different carbon isotopic profiles for C1-C4 alkanes with those of the natural gases found in the Lower Paleozoic of this basin, and believed to be originated from Carboniferous-Permian coal measures. The occurrence of regionally pervasive gas accumulation is distinct in the gently southward-dipping Shanbei slope of the central basin. It is noted that molecular and isotopic composition changes of the gases in various gas reservoirs are associated with the thermal maturities of gas source rocks. The abundances and δ13C values of methane generally decline northwards and from the basin center to its margins, and the effects of hydrocarbon migration on compositional modification seem insignificant. However, C isotopes of autogenetic calcites in the vertical and lateral section of reservoirs show a regular variation, and are as a whole depleted upwards and towards basin margins. Combination with gas maturity gradient, the analysis could be considered to be a useful tool for gas migration. 相似文献
8.
松辽盆地昌德气田天然气成因及成藏模式 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过对昌德气田中天然气的化学组分和碳同位素的分析发现 ,该区天然气的成因类型很复杂 ,既有有机成因天然气 ,又有无机成因天然气。昌德气藏和昌德东气藏中的天然气成因有一定的差别。昌德气藏中天然气重烃含量相对较低 ,出现重碳同位素和负碳同位素系列 ,可能有无机烃类气体的混入。昌德东气藏除有机成因的煤型气外 ,还发现有幔源成因的高纯二氧化碳气藏。非烃气体在纵向上的分布以登娄库组以下地层的营城组火山岩系地层含量最高。在平面上高含量非烃气体的分布常与深大断裂的走向一致 ,主要为无机成因 相似文献
9.
松辽盆地昌德气田天气气成因及成藏模式 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对昌德气田中天然气的化学组分和碳同位素的分析发现,该区天然气的成因类型很复杂,既有有机成因天然气,又有无机成因天然气。昌德气藏和昌德东气藏中的天然气成因有一定的差别。昌德气藏中天然气重烃含量相对较低,出现重碳同位素和负碳同位素系列,可能有无机烃类气体的混入。昌德东气藏除有机成因的煤型气外,还发现有幔源成因的高纯二氧化碳气藏。非烃气体在纵向上的分布以登娄库组以下地层的营城组火山岩系地层含量最高。 相似文献
10.
大庆兴城地区天然气组分和碳同位素具有“杂、干、重、反”4个基本特征,即天然气组分复杂多样,烃类气体中甲烷含量高,碳同位素重,烷烃碳同位素普遍出现反转序列.甲烷气体碳同位素重和烷烃碳同位素普遍出现反转序列是无机烃的特征,但并非其独有的特征.与烃类气体伴生的非烃类气体CO2、He的高含量与同位素分析表明具幔源成因特征,结合大庆兴城地区地质背景,认为不但非烃类气体具无机成因气,而且烃类气体中也有无机成因气的存在,反映出兴城地区天然气为有机成因与无机成因的混合气体.无机气体是岩浆与火山活动的产物. 相似文献
11.
Origin of natural gases and their differences between the eastern and western parts of central Tarim Basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The origin of natural gases in central Tarim Basin is very complicated and there has been no definite conclusion in this aspect. Based on the results of systematic research on their composition and carbon isotopic characteristics, natural gases in central Tarim Basin are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gas, Ordovician natural gas with the characteristics of crude oil-cracking gas, and Carboniferous natural gas not only originating from kerogen cracking, but also from oil cracking. There are significant differences in composition and carbon isotope of natural gases between the eastern and western areas. The causes for the differences in geochemical characteristics of natural gases are presented as follows: different thermal evolution degrees of organic matter. Natural gases in the western region may have generated from the Middle- Upper Ordovician source rocks, and natural gases in the eatern region may be derived from the Cambrian source rocks, which entered into high to over mature stages; the gases migrated from west to east and caused the different compositional and carbon isotopic characteristics of natural gases; difference in the strength of thermal sulfate reduction between the eastern and western parts, with the reduction in the eastern part being stronger than that in the western part. 相似文献
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Haiping Huang Jie Yang Yufeng Yang Xiujuan Du 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2004,58(4):231-244
Chemical composition and stable carbon isotopic studies were undertaken for 27 gas samples from deep strata of the Xujiaweizi Depression in the Songliao Basin to investigate their origin. Gas molecular and carbon isotopic compositions show great variety. Methane is the main component for all studied samples and its content ranges from 57.4% to 98.2% with an average of 90.1%. Gas wetness ranges from 0.8% to 16.7% with an average of 2.7%. The main non-hydrocarbon gases are carbon dioxide and nitrogen with an average of 4.0% and 3.2%, respectively. Carbon isotope data suggest that these deep strata gases are mainly coal-type gases mixed with minor amounts of associated (oil-type) gases. Coal-type gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopic values and drier chemical compositions. These gases were generated from the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation coals interbedded shales with type III kerogen during the postmature stage of hydrocarbon generation. Oil-type gases are characterized by lighter carbon isotope and higher wetness, which were generated from the Lower Cretaceous shales with type II kerogen in the shallow strata during the early mature stage of hydrocarbon generation. Mixing of two different gases causes unusual carbon isotopic distribution patterns, with lighter isotopic values in higher numbered carbons in most gases. The discovery of coal-type gases in the Songliao Basin provides new prospects for the exploration in this region. 相似文献
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依据10余口探井60多个气样的化学成份和碳同位素组成数据,结合烃源岩和储层沥青分析资料,系统剖析了四川盆地东部宣汉地区普光、毛坝场等构造带天然气地球化学特征,并探讨了其成因及来源。研究结果表明:这些构造带中飞仙关组—长兴组天然气为高含硫化氢的干气,天然气化学成份表现出古油藏原油裂解气的特点。其烃类气体中以甲烷为主(高于99.5%);富含非烃气体,CO2和H2S平均含量分别达5.32%和11.95%。甲烷碳同位素较重(-33‰～-29‰),表征高热演化性质;乙烷δ13C值主要分布在-33‰至-28‰范围,属油型气。这些天然气与川东邻近气田的同层位天然气具有同源性,而与石炭系气藏天然气在化学成份、碳同位素组成上有所不同,意味着有不同的气源。硫化物硫同位素和沥青元素组成证实高含量的H2S是气藏发生TSR作用所致。δ34S值表征层状沉积成因的硬石膏是TSR作用的反应物,而脉状硬石膏则是其残余物。储层的孔隙类型可能与TSR作用强度和H2S含量高低有联系,裂缝型气层中H2S少,孔洞型储层中H2S丰富。乙烷、沥青和各层系烃源岩干酪根碳同位素对比表明研究区飞仙关组—长兴组气藏天然气主要来自二叠系烃源层。 相似文献
16.
Different Hydrocarbon Accumulation Histories in the Kelasu-Yiqikelike Structural Belt of the Kuqa Foreland Basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>The Kuqa foreland basin is an important petroliferous basin where gas predominates.The Kela-2 large natural gas reservoir and the Yinan-2,Dabei-1,Tuzi and Dina-11 gas reservoirs have been discovered in the basin up to the present.Natural gases in the Kelasu district and the Yinan district are generated from different source rocks indicated by methane and ethane carbon isotopes.The former is derived from both Jurassic and Triassic source rocks,while the latter is mainly from the Jurassic. Based on its multistage evolution and superposition and the intense tectonic transformation in the basin,the hydrocarbon charging history can be divided into the early and middle Himalayan hydrocarbon accumulation and the late Himalayan redistribution and re-enrichment.The heavier carbon isotope composition and the high natural gas ratio of C_1/C_(1-4) indicate that the accumulated natural gas in the early Himalayan stage is destroyed and the present trapped natural gas was charged mainly in the middle and late Himalayan stages.Comparison and contrast of the oils produced in the Kelasu and Yinan regions indicate the hydrocarbon charging histories in the above two regions are complex and should be characterized by multistage hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. 相似文献
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以气体地球化学国家重点实验室工作为主,简要概述了对我国含油气的同位素地球化学研究。1. 烃气的同位素地球化学:讨论了天然气成因新模式与气藏烃气同位素组成的关系,低演化阶段天然气同位素分馏的二阶段模式,云南中小盆地天然气低演化系列同位素特征及用储层解析气作油气源对比。2. 稀有气体同位素地球化学:阐述了3He/4He值与中国构造分区, 幔源氦的复合成藏和幔源甲烷问题以及气源对比等。3. 液态烃同位素地球化学:简述了轻烃碳氢同位素特征及氢同位素作为判别古沉积介质盐度的指标,概述了未熟-低熟油同位素特征及在自然剖面上油和源岩抽提物碳同位素分馏特征及其机理。 相似文献
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ZOU Huayao HAO Fang ZHU Yangming GUO Tonglou CAI Xunyu LI Pingping ZHANG Xuefeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3)
Detailed geochemistry studies were conducted to investigate the origin of solid bitumens and hydrocarbon gases in the giant Puguang gas field. Two types of solid bitumens were recognized: low sulfur content, low reflectance (LSLR) solid bitumens in sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation and high sulfur content, high reflectance (HSHR) solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Upper Permian Changxing formations. Solid bitumens in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation correlate well with extracts from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic nonmarine source rocks in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and biomarker distribution. Solid bitumens in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations are distinctly different from extracts from the Cambrian and Silurian rocks but display reasonable correlation with extracts from the Upper Permian source rocks both in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and in biomarker distribution, suggesting that the Permian especially the Upper Permian Longtan Formation was the main source of solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations in the Puguang gas field. Chemical and isotopic composition of natural gases indicates that the majority of hydrocarbon gases originated from sapropelic organic matter and was the products of thermal cracking of accumulated oils. This study indicates that source rock dominated by sapropelic organic matter existed in the Upper Permian and had made major contribution to the giant Puguang gas field, which has important implication for petroleum exploration in marine sequences in South China. 相似文献
19.
煤岩及其主显微组份热解气碳同位素组成的演化 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
模拟实验是有机地球化学研究的重要组成部分 ,也是油气地球化学研究的重要手段。本文通过煤岩及其主要显微组分的热解成气模拟实验产物的组分和同位素组成分析 ,补充和完善了前人对煤岩热解气同位素组成分布的一些认识。同时 ,对比研究了煤型气与煤岩热解气的碳同位素分馏特征 ,结果表明两者具有良好的一致性 ,认为可以通过精细的热解模拟来提供不同含煤沉积盆地煤型气的判识指标 ,而模拟气与天然气碳同位素组成的对比 ,关键是对同位素分析资料的处理。在模拟系列产物碳同位素分析基础上 ,获得了单一成因来源天然气甲烷、乙烷碳同位素组成与演化程度之间的关系式以及演化过程中甲烷碳同位素之间的关系式 ,这些结果会对混源气的判识有重要意义。 相似文献
20.
Source Rocks for the Giant Puguang Gas Field,Sichuan Basin:Implication for Petroleum Exploration in Marine Sequences in South China 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
ZOU Huayao HAO Fang ZHU Yangming GUO Tonglou CAI Xunyu LI Pingping ZHANG Xuefeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):477-486
Detailed geochemistry studies were conducted to investigate the origin of solid bitumens and hydrocarbon gases in the giant Puguang gas field. Two types of solid bitumens were recognized： low sulfur content, low reflectance （LSLR） solid bitumens in sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation and high sulfur content, high reflectance （HSHR） solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Upper Permian Changxing formations. Solid bitumens in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation correlate well with extracts from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic nonmarine source rocks in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and biomarker distribution. Solid bitumens in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations are distinctly different from extracts from the Cambrian and Silurian rocks but display reasonable correlation with extracts from the Upper Permian source rocks both in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and in biomarker distribution, suggesting that the Permian especially the Upper Permian Longtan Formation was the main source of solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations in the Puguang gas field. Chemical and isotopic composition of natural gases indicates that the majority of hydrocarbon gases originated from sapropelic organic matter and was the products of thermal cracking of accumulated oils. This study indicates that source rock dominated by sapropelic organic matter existed in the Upper Permian and had made major contribution to the giant Puguang gas field, which has important implication for petroleum exploration in marine sequences in South China. 相似文献