共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 102 毫秒
1.
2.
Xiaojun Xie Wu Tang Gongcheng Zhang Zhigang Zhao Shuang Song Shixiang Liu Yibo Wang Jia Guo 《海洋学报(英文版)》2023,42(3):123-137
This study involved outcrop, drilling, seismic, gravity, and magnetic data to systematically document the geological records of the subduction process of Proto-South China Sea (PSCS) and establish its evolution model. The results indicate that a series of arc-shaped ophiolite belts and calcalkaline magmatic rocks are developed in northern Borneo, both of which have the characteristics of gradually changing younger from west to east, and are direct signs of subduction and collision of PSCS. At the same time, the subduction of PSCS led to the formation of three accretion zones from the south to the north in Borneo, the Kuching belt, Sibu belt, and Miri belt. The sedimentary formation of northern Borneo is characterized by a three-layer structure, with the oceanic basement at the bottom, overlying the deep-sea flysch deposits of the Rajang–Crocker group, and the molasse sedimentary sequence that is dominated by river-delta and shallow marine facies at the top, recording the whole subduction–collision–orogeny process of PSCS. Further, seismic reflection and tomography also confirmed the subduction and collision of PSCS. Based on the geological records of the subduction and collision of PSCS, combined with the comprehensive analysis of segmented expansion and key tectonic events in the South China Sea, we establish the “gradual” subduction-collision evolution model of PSCS. During the late Eocene to middle Miocene, the Zengmu, Nansha, and Liyue–Palawan blocks were separated by West Baram Line and Balabac Fault, which collided with the Borneo block and Kagayan Ridge successively from the west to the east, forming several foreland basin systems, and PSCS subducted and closed from the west to the east. The subduction and extinction of PSCS controlled the oil and gas distribution pattern of southern South China Sea (SSCS) mainly in three aspects. First, the “gradual” closure process of PSCS led to the continuous development of many large deltas in SSCS. Second, the deltas formed during the subduction–collision of PSCS controlled the development of source rocks in the basins of SSCS. Macroscopically, the distribution and scale of deltas controlled the distribution and scale of source rocks, forming two types of source rocks, namely, coal measures and terrestrial marine facies. Microscopically, the difference of terrestrial higher plants carried by the delta controlled the proportion of macerals of source rocks. Third, the difference of source rocks mainly controlled the distribution pattern of oil and gas in SSCS. Meanwhile, the difference in the scale of source rocks mainly controlled the difference in the amount of oil and gas discoveries, resulting in a huge amount of oil and gas discoveries in the basin of SSCS. Meanwhile, the difference of macerals of source rocks mainly controlled the difference of oil and gas generation, forming the oil and gas distribution pattern of “nearshore oil and far-shore gas”. 相似文献
3.
黄河断流对黄河三角洲生态环境的影响 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
介绍了黄河断流的特点和原因，分析了黄河断流的变化趋势及断流在黄河三角洲地区造成的影响，指出断流不仅加重三角洲地区今后防洪的负担，而且对三角洲环境变化将产生重大影响，研究表明，黄河断流的原因是多方面的，流域降雨量的减少，水土保持减水是黄河流域水资源不足的主要原因；但人为用水如城乡工农业用水和居民生活用水量增加加剧了黄河的断流；人为引水过程中的水资源不合理利用乃至严重浪费，流域引水管理混乱，水资源统一调配的机构和机制不健全，缺乏具体有效的控制引水措施和手段是导致近年来黄河断流加剧的根源，黄河断流对三角液地区的生态环境影响是严重的而且涉及到多个方面，包括造成了三角液地区水资源的极度匮乏，影响三角洲地区水质质量，造成地下水质恶化，区域植被生态系统良性循环变差，陆区农业及海区渔业生态系统失调，湿地生态系统退化，生物多样性减少等多方面的影响。 相似文献
4.
今年是我校建校三十周年,也是我校学报创刊三十周年,正当散布在海内外的校友与全校师生员工共庆这个光辉的海洋界节日时,作者怀着十分崇敬的心情,回顾我校首届学报主编、海洋系创始人、著名海洋教育家、中国海洋科学奠基人之一赫崇本教授的卓越功绩。 相似文献
5.
本文研究了精子入卵过程中太平洋牡蛎精子超微结构的变化规律。研究表明 ,精子入卵过程分为 4个时期 :顶体反应期、穿卵前期、穿卵期和融合期。顶体反应期 ,精子顶体物质释放 ,顶体致密部分向外延伸 ,形成 1层保护膜 ,亚顶体腔开始向顶端突起 ;穿卵前期 ,亚顶体腔前突形成顶体锥 ,并向卵膜释放亚顶体物质 ,精子外膜后移 ;穿卵期 ,精子核及线粒体进入卵膜形成的受精锥 ,线粒体数量减少 ,顶体突消失 ,精子外膜和尾部脱落 ;融合期 ,精子核进入卵内与质膜融合 ,核解体。 相似文献
6.
中国对虾体内几种重要无机元素的含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用原子吸收分光光度技术和比色法测定了不同体长的对虾,包括亲虾及不同组织中的K、Na、Ca、Mg、Mn、Cu、Zn、Fe和P的含量。除Mn以外,上述元素在对虾整体的含量随着体长的增加呈规律性的变化。值得注意的是,微量元素cu在对虾中的含量相当高,特别是在内脏中的含量非常高,因此存研制人工配合饵料时应注意是否会出现缺铜的问题。 相似文献
7.
合理的人工鱼礁布局可以为海洋生物提供适宜的生境,促进物种的多样性和生态系统的稳定。然而受多种因素的影响,人工鱼礁投放的实际位置与规划方案多有差异,致使人工鱼礁建设达不到预期效果。文章利用重心误差、外围面积误差、重叠面积误差以及礁体数量误差等4个指标来评价天津海洋牧场人工鱼礁的投放误差状况。结果表明,天津海洋牧场人工鱼礁投放的外围面积误差和礁体数量误差的平均值分别为-0.11和0.067,投放布局的准确性比较高;重心和重叠面积误差平均值分别为0.59和0.73,投放定位的准确性相对较差,需要进一步改进;从年际变化来看,2018年人工鱼礁投放的重心误差、重叠面积误差、礁体数量误差均有明显改善,仅外围面积误差略大,表明随着时间的推移,人工鱼礁投放布局和定位的准确性均已达到预期效果。文章量化了天津海洋牧场人工鱼礁的投放误差,成果可为提高天津海洋牧场人工鱼礁投放效果提供有益参考,为相关政策制定提供科学依据,并指导管理实践。 相似文献
8.
L. D. Pukhtyar 《Physical Oceanography》2005,15(4):220-231
On the basis of the data from the databank of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences
and the data of regional marine hydrometeorological stations, we present the characteristics of the seasonal variability of
temperature and salinity frontal zones and background gradients in waters of the Karkinitskii Bay. We determine the locations
of the frontal zones, the values of their gradients, horizontal scales, repetition, connection with weather conditions, inflow,
and direction of propagation of salt and freshened waters in the bay in different seasons of the year.
__________
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 30–42, July–August, 2005. 相似文献
9.
The deployment of suitable configurations of mutually interacting floating bodies for efficiently controlling their hydrodynamic interactions towards the reduction of the wave drift forces and, thus, of the mooring lines’ loads, has, nowadays, gained a great scientific interest. In this paper, the hydrodynamic behaviour of a floating cylinder and a concentric annular flexible plate is analysed in the frequency domain aiming at the minimization of the drift forces acting on the cylinder by optimizing the flexural rigidity of the plate. The diffraction/radiation problem is solved using a higher-order boundary element method. The analysis is implemented assuming that both floating bodies oscillate freely in heave, while for the plate, flexible modes are, additionally, considered for describing its structural deformations. The required modes shapes are determined in vacuum (“dry” mode superposition approach) through analytical expressions. The flexural rigidity of the plate, D, is optimized at a specific wave number using a real-coded genetic algorithm. Initially, results are compared with numerical results of other investigators for the case of two rigid concentric floating cylinders. Next, extended results are presented, focusing on the effect of D, including its optimum value, on various physical quantities describing the behaviour of both the cylinder and the plate. Contrary to the isolated cylinder, the presence of the plate introduces sharp peaks in the variation pattern of the drift force of the cylinder, bounded at specific wave numbers, where resonance of the seiche mode of water motion in the annular cavity or of specific flexible modes of the plate occurs. However, by reducing D to its optimum value, the cylinder’s drift force obtains practically zero values at the target wave number, due to an efficient improvement of the wave field in the annular cavity around the cylinder. Moreover, a great reduction of the drift force compared to the isolated cylinder is achieved in the subsequent high frequency range. 相似文献
10.
A. V. Maslov N. V. Kozina A. A. Klyuvitkin A. N. Novigatsky A. S. Filippov V. P. Shevchenko 《Oceanology》2016,56(4):552-563
The features of the distribution of some rare and trace elements in modern bottom sediments of the Caspian Sea have been studied from samples collected during cruises 35, 39, and 41 of the R/V Rift and the cruise of the R/V Nikifor Shurekov in 2013. It was established that bottom sediments in different areas of the Caspian Sea vary to some degree in the contents of Zr, Hf, Th, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, and Ba in comparison to suspended matter discharged by the Volga River and rivers originating in the Caucasus. As follows from the results of a comparison of the geochemical features of modern bottom sediments of the Volga River delta and different sedimentary subsystems of the Caspian Sea with the chemical composition of Middle Archean granitoids and Paleozoic and Mesozoic–Cenozoic basalts, which are regarded as geochemical images of such provenance areas as the basement of East European Platform, Urals, and Caucasus, none of these regions is considered the dominant provenance area for all sedimentary subsystems of the Caspian Sea region. Here, the revealed similarity between modern bottom sediments of the northern, central and southern Caspian Sea regions, the Volga River delta, and Post-Archean average Australian shale (PAAS) in some parameters, including REE spectra, assumes that the Volga River discharge plays a dominant role in the formation of the geochemical image of Caspian Sea subsystems. The role of clastics, including the fine-grained fraction, which is supplied to the Caspian Sea from the Caucasus region and Elburz Mountains, is insignificant already in the coastal area, which is determined both by influence of the marginal filter (MF) and large-scale cholestatic current circulation. 相似文献
11.
S. G. Boguslavskii S. I. Kazakov E. V. Berestovaya M. V. Boguslavskaya 《Physical Oceanography》2007,17(6)
On the basis of generalization of the data of many-year hydrological observations and the data of meteorological satellites
accumulated in recent years, we characterize some specific features of the surface temperature in the Tropical Atlantic. The
influence of solar radiation, local heat balance, and the advective and diffusion heat transfer on the temperature of the
water surface is analyzed. The mechanism of formation of the thermohalocline and local sites of elevated temperature near
the estuaries of large rivers (such as the Amazon, Orinoco, Mississippi, Congo, and Niger) is described. We also characterize
the formation of the seasonal variability of the near-equatorial temperature maximum, equatorial temperature minimum, and
equatorial divergence rate.
__________
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 28–38, November–December, 2007. 相似文献
12.
在详细研究影响平台综合性能的诸多因素基础上，克服现有半潜式平台存在的不足，结合自升式平台甲板可以自由升降的优点，开发了具有自主知识产权的自升式半潜多功能深海浮式（JCSM）平台。JCSM平台结合了自升式平台与半潜式平台的优势，并以平台综合性能的提升为目标进行了细节上的优化，稳性裕度大且运动性能优良，可适应干式采油、湿式采油和干湿组合式采油等不同采油模式，并同时具有钻井、早期生产、修井、油气处理与油气储运等多种功能。在详述JCSM平台的组成及性能特点的基础上，对JCSM平台进行了稳性与运动性能数值分析，并与传统半潜式平台相比较，验证了所研发新型平台性能的优越性。研究为未来海洋油气田开发提供了一种新的选择，并对全新概念的浮式平台开发有借鉴和指导意义。 相似文献
13.
14.
中国大陆海岸线近30 a的时空变化分析 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
基于遥感和地理信息系统的方法与技术,以1980、1990、2000和2010年4个时期为特征年,对近30年来我国大陆海岸线时空变化特征进行了分析研究。结果显示:（1）海岸类型转化显著,人工岸线所占比例由1980年的24.6%上升到2010年的56.1%;（2）海岸线变化呈现显著区域特征,变化较剧烈的区域集中在珠江口岸段、长江口-杭州湾岸段、海州湾-吕四段、滦河口-潍河口段及辽河口-葫芦岛港段;（3）3个时期相比,海岸开发由早期的围垦养殖向后期的城镇建设和海洋运输开发方式转变,并且这种转换方式在南方早于北方。 相似文献
15.
16.
以往的海底管道落锚撞击防护数值模拟主要为单一保护层模型,这里则针对块石+混凝土排垫复合方案建立模型并开展防护性能研究。基于ABAQUS建立有限元数值模型,模拟了落锚、海底管道、海床土体、块石层和混凝土排垫组成的复杂系统相互作用,研究了管道壁厚、内压,落锚质量和撞击速度等因素对管道应变极值和管体凹陷变形的影响。与单纯块石层保护方案相比,采用的块石+混凝土排垫方案具有更优良的防护效果。研究结果表明：在撞击点处,管道的轴向应变和环向应变均达到最大值,且随着与撞击点距离的增加沿管道轴向逐渐减小;撞击结束后,管道上仍然残留一定的塑性应变。随着管道壁厚的增加,管道的最大应变和凹陷深度也随之减小;随着内压的增加,管道上最大拉伸应变变大,而最大压缩应变和凹陷深度减小。随着落锚速度或者质量的增加,管道上最大应变和凹痕深度均变大;在相同动能情况下,管道上的最大应变和凹陷值基本相同,也表明落锚动能是影响管道变形响应的控制因素。本文研究成果可为海底管道防护方案设计提供科学依据。 相似文献
17.
哑铃湾网箱养殖对表层沉积物的污染 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
分养殖区与非养殖区、养殖网箱及周围海域沉积物,比较研究了哑铃湾网箱养殖对表层沉积物的影响。结果表明,养殖网箱下及养殖区内的沉积物C、N、P和硫化物含量均高于非养殖区,并且养殖年限越长含量越高,沉积物污染越严重,养殖区C、N、P和硫化物平均含量分别比非养殖区高1.23—2.12、1.33—2.79、3.71—9.99、3.02—11.84倍。对沉积物质量的评价结果显示,养殖网箱下沉积物各项指标均超标,养殖年限越长超标越严重,养殖区内的两站点超标也较严重,S6站点C、N、P和硫化物超标分别高达1.83、6.99、8.66、4.63倍,而对照点和非养殖区的两站点除总氮外,其它指标均未超标。 相似文献
18.
针对复坡堤越浪量的计算问题,提出了采用随机森林算法预测越浪量的方法。首先,通过对欧洲CLASH数据集进行筛选,挑选出符合复坡堤越浪量预测的数据;其次,对数据做无量纲化处理,建立以随机森林为基础的复坡堤越浪量预测模型,并通过网格搜索(GridSearchCV)方法对模型进行调参以改善模型的性能;最后,利用决定系数R~2来评估模型的精度,并将随机森林模型与集成神经网络模型做了预测能力的对比,同时还给出了随机森林模型各个特征参数对预测精度的重要性。结果显示,随机森林模型的决定系数为92.7%,集成神经网络模型的决定系数为87.7%,表明随机森林模型对越浪量具有更强的学习和预测能力。通过对特征重要性的分析,墙顶高程对模型预测精度的影响最大,堤顶高程次之,堤脚宽度影响最小。 相似文献
19.
青岛冷水团强度的划分及其多年变化的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
青岛冷水团位于青岛东南外海底层的相对低洼处。该水团于4月下旬显型,5月是它发展盛期,此后随着黄海沿岸水向北退缩,其位置渐往东移,并出现增盐趋势;6月以后,由于继续升温,便渐渐和南黄海冷水融为一体。 该水团尽管存在的时间较短,但每年均有其独立的生消规律,而且其温盐性质也相对稳定,对北上洄游的鱼类及山东南部近海对虾增 相似文献
20.
海水养殖业是我国最重要的海洋支柱产业之一,在国民蛋白质供给、粮食安全保障和带动沿海经济社会发展等方面具有重要地位。发展现代海水养殖业是构建现代海洋产业技术体系,落实海洋强国战略的重要举措和有效途径。文章通过梳理世界海水养殖业发展轨迹,分析国外发达国家海水养殖业的产业发展现状和经验,厘清制约我国海水养殖业健康可持续发展的关键问题,提出了在当前建设海洋强国背景下推动我国海水养殖产业快速转型升级的路径对策建议,即加强产业顶层规划设计、构建完善法律法规体系、培育现代海洋种业、持续推动养殖模式升级和实施品牌化战略,提升产品附加值等。 相似文献