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1.
利用距离2013年岷县漳县地震最近的固定台站岷县台2008-2009年的远震接收函数,确定了该地震震源区及临近区域的地壳厚度和波速比。结果表明:岷县台下方地壳速度结构的横向非均匀性较强,各方位接收函数差异较大,特别是震源区与临近区域存在明显的差别。临近区域的中下地壳存在明显的低速层,而震源区中下地壳中存在明显的高速区;且震源区地壳平均波速比为1.76,上地壳的波速比仅为1.62。据此推断:震源区是坚硬的上地壳覆盖在较软的中下地壳之上,岷县漳县地震破裂有可能是下地壳流的活动导致上地壳的破裂。 相似文献
2.
华北地区的地震层面成象 总被引：19，自引：8，他引：19
本文根据华北地区（东经110.5°-123.0°,北纬30.5°-41.5°）1981-1984年间7520条P波到时资料,利用正交投影法重建了该区的地壳和上地幔的三维速度结构,应用数字图象处理技术获得了不同深度（横切片）的速度图象。层面成象的结果表明:1.华北地区的地震波速度存在明显的横向不均匀性。2.华北地区的大地震几乎都发生在高速、低速区的过渡带上。3.深度为14km的层面速度图象与熟知的地质构造非常相似;深度为75km的层面速度图象存在三个明显的低速区,它们分别位于郯庐断裂带、太行山前断裂带和山西断陷带,这一结果有利于关于上述地区为大陆裂谷带的认识。 本文在获得三维速度图象的同时,还重新确定了该区的129个地震的震源位置。 相似文献
3.
利用双差地震定位方法对鄂尔多斯东缘地区（34°N-41°N,110°E-115°E）2008年1月-2012年12月的中小地震进行了重新定位.重定位后,定位精度得到改善,震中分布更加集中.鄂尔多斯东缘拉张盆地内部震源深度较浅,大多小于13 km,向盆地两端震源深度有加深的趋势,特别是太原盆地北端,临汾盆地北端,以及运城与临汾盆地之间的峨眉台地,震源深度可达20~25 km左右.我们认为盆地内部地壳减薄,上地幔上隆,热作用导致地壳内部脆性层减薄,致使最大震源深度变浅;盆地之间的横向隆起区受区域应力场挤压剪切作用以及盆地内部上地幔上拱产生的水平向挤压力作用等,在横向隆起区与盆地接触带易产生应力集中,导致地震的发生,由于受脆性层厚度变化等的影响,在盆地向横向隆起区过渡部位出现震源深度加深的现象.鄂尔多斯东北缘地区地震分布弥散、震源深度相对较浅,可能与源自地幔的大范围深部热作用以及地壳脆性层厚度减薄有关.根据地震的空间分布特征,对部分盆地内部的断层特征进行了讨论. 相似文献
4.
采用波形反演方法对青藏高原地区震中距8°-38°范围内的宽频带炸波波形进行拟合,研究该地区上地幔平均速度结构以及上地幔纵、横波速度的横向不均匀性结果表明青藏高原地区的平均地壳厚度约为68km,上地幔盖层平均厚度约为30－40km,速度约为8.10km／s雅鲁藏布江附近地壳厚度最大,约80km,相应的上地幔Pn速度为8．15km／s左右,青藏高原中部地区的地壳平均厚度约68-70km．位于拉萨地块北部的羌塘地块S波速度相对较低,其地壳和上地慢的平均S波速度分别比拉萨地块低1％和2％以上34°N以北,90°E附近的区域存在明显的上地幔P波低速异常区,P波的平均速度小于7．8km／s据此结果及前人工作,推断印度板块的俯冲可能以雅鲁藏布江缝合带附近为界,青藏高原巨大的地壳厚度是由于欧亚板块碰撞造成地壳缩短与增厚引起. 相似文献
5.
邢台地震区深部构造背景的地震转换波探测和研究 总被引：14，自引：5，他引：14
1982-1986年期间,在东汪、隆尧和百尺口邢台地区的强震震源区完成了3条近NW向地震转换波测深剖面。利用转换波数据处理新方法,实现了转换震相的相位对比追踪,得出了震源区较详细的深部构造剖面图和速度结构模型。发现强震震源区深部构造的特点为:上地壳强烈褶皱变形;中地壳急剧减薄;下地壳和上地幔局部上隆;存在一组深部超壳断裂;低速层急剧增厚,波速比增大以及上地幔波速偏低。表明研究区的下地壳和上地幔的温度可能偏高,其地震活动可能与上地幔物质的侵入作用有关。 相似文献
6.
接收函数方法及研究进展 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8
远震P波波形数据中包含了大量在台站下方地壳上地幔速度间断面所产生的P-S转换波及其多次反射波的信息，是研究台站下方局部区域S速度分布理想的震相，由此产生的接收函数方法是反演台站下方S波速度结构的有效手段。接收函数方法可以通过波形反演拟合接收函数的径向分量，对观测台站下方地球介质的S波速度结构进行估计，也可以通过偏移叠加获得的接收函数道集（地震剖面图）追踪速度间断面。这种方法避免了对天然地震震源及其附近结构混响效应等复杂因素的影响，对S波速度的垂向分布敏感，垂向分辨率高。由于宽频带流动地震台阵的发展，用此方法还可获得研究区域速度结构的横向变化，横向分辨能力主要取决于台站的间距。本文回顾20年来接收函数研究的进展，探讨了方法研究的发展趋势，介绍了对地壳-上地幔结构的部分研究结果。 相似文献
7.
利用架设在沧州地区的20台流动地震台站于2006年12月至2010年7月间记录的271个远震事件,读取的2308个P波到时数据,采用地震层析成像方法反演得到沧州及其邻区(38.0°N～39.0°N,116.5°E～117.5°E)的地壳上地幔P波三维速度结构。层析成像结果表明,沧东断裂两侧的地壳介质的速度分布表现出明显的横向差异,浅层速度分布同地表地质结构分布相一致。沧东断裂西北侧沧县隆起的地壳速度较高,表明其基底抬升;断裂带东南边的黄骅拗陷速度较低,说明基底埋藏较深。本文的远震层析成像研究结果和前人使用重力、电磁和人工地震的探测结果都表明,沧东断裂带两侧的地质构造和地球物理性质有明显的变化,这种构造差异在整个地壳中都有体现。 相似文献
8.
利用玉树固定地震台站和7个流动宽频带地震台站远震P波和S波接收函数,对2010年4月14日发生MS7.1级地震的玉树地震震源区下方地壳及上地幔顶部速度结构进行了成像.结果表明:研究区下方存在明显的双地壳结构;主震所在的金沙江缝合带可能错断了地壳和岩石圈;错断的地壳在印度板块向北的推挤下,发生了叠置,导致金沙江缝合带下方呈现双地壳结构;根据发生在金沙江缝合带上的历史地震进一步推断,印度板块对金沙江缝合带这种深大走滑断裂的向北推挤,为断裂带上大地震的发生提供了闭锁条件,这可能是巴颜喀拉地块周边地震孕育的一种典型的深部地球动力学模式;在玉树地震主震区所在深度附近,发现局部存在高速夹层,这种局部高速结构,可能是积累引力,孕育地震的一个重要原因. 相似文献
9.
为获取青藏高原中东部地壳和上地幔顶部的精细结构,本文基于1万4 484条天然地震的P波（Pg和Pn）到时数据,对青藏高原中东部地壳和上地幔顶部进行P波三维速度结构层析成像,获取了该区域内地壳P波、上地幔顶部Pn波的速度结构和地壳厚度信息。层析成像结果显示,青藏高原中东部地壳P波速度范围为5.2—7.2 km/s,上地幔顶部Pn波速度范围为7.7—8.4 km/s,地壳厚度范围为48.0—68.6 km,地壳和上地幔顶部存在强烈的横向不均匀性,与地质块体分布有较好的对应关系。地壳P波速度结构显示,研究区中、下地壳分布有较大范围的低速区,上地壳与中下地壳P波分布存在明显的差异:羌塘地块和巴颜喀拉地块在上地壳主要表现为高速异常,随着深度增加逐渐表现为低速异常;而柴达木地块在上地壳主要表现为低速异常,下地壳则表现为高速异常;柴达木地块和拉萨地块在上地幔顶部表现为较高的Pn波速度,最高约为8.4 km/s,而在巴颜喀拉地块和羌塘地块东部,Pn波总体上表现为低速,最低约为7.7 km/s。研究区内地壳厚度的总体特征表现为南厚北薄,其中羌塘地块东部和拉萨地块的地壳较厚,而柴达木地块和巴颜喀拉地块东部的地壳相对较薄,羌塘地块西部存在局部的地壳变薄现象,反映了印度板块对欧亚板块北向俯冲作用下的岩石圈变形特征。 相似文献
10.
利用川滇地区长期积累的地震走时观测资料和汶川地震余震观测资料对汶川地震震源区及周边区域地壳和上地幔P波三维速度结构进行了研究.结果表明,浅部P波速度分布与地表地质之间具有很好的对应关系.龙门山断裂带在20 km以上深度表现为高速异常带,彭灌杂岩体和宝兴杂岩体为局部高速异常区.龙门山断裂带中上地壳的局部高速异常体对汶川地震的余震分布具有明显的控制作用.在余震带南端,余震全部发生在与宝兴杂岩体对应的高速异常体的东北侧;在余震带的中段,与彭灌杂岩体对应的高速异常体在一定程度上控制了余震的分布;在余震带的东北端,宁强-勉县一带的高速异常体可能阻止了余震进一步向东北扩展.龙门山断裂带中上地壳的P波高速异常表明介质具有相对较高的强度,在青藏高原物质向东挤出过程中起到了较强的阻挡作用,有利于深部能量积累,在30 km深度之下,扬子地块具有明显的高速特征,其前缘随深度增加向青藏高原方向扩展,在下地壳和上地幔顶部已达到龙门山断裂带以西. 相似文献
11.
利用云南数字地震台网的区域地震波形资料,对川滇地区的地壳上地幔速度结构进行了初步研究. 结果表明,川滇地区上地幔顶部P波速度较小,约78 km/s,P波速度在上地幔表现为较小的正速度梯度,S波在100～160 km深度范围内表现为弱低速层. 对于较短的观测路径,不同路径的平均P波和S波速度存在明显的横向变化. 与川滇菱形块体内部的速度结构不同,在块体边界附近可以观测到比较明显的上地壳低速层,我们认为它可能与块体边界的断裂带有关;川滇菱形块体内部存在的下地壳低速层,有利于块体向南滑动,而中上地壳没有明显低速结构,可能表明川滇菱形块体向南滑动的解耦深度至少在下地壳. 根据不同路径的反演结果,给出了云南中部地区地壳内部的平均速度结构. 相似文献
12.
2006年底,我们沿“张渤地震带”布设了一条从唐海—北京—商都的宽频带地震台阵剖面.本文利用台阵记录的远震波形资料,通过接收函数和面波联合反演对剖面下方100 km深度范围内地壳上地幔S波速度结构进行了研究.结果表明剖面东段莫霍面深度约30～34 km,西段深度约38～42 km,平原与山区的过渡地带地壳厚度变化较快.地壳内部10～20 km深度范围内存在多个低速体.在唐山7.8级地震震区附近Moho面出现小幅度隆起,中地壳存在明显的S波低速体.张家口以西,剖面下方10～20 km范围内存在两个S波低速体,张北6.2级地震发生在这两个低速体之间狭小的高速区. 在观测剖面附近,历史上发生的4个大震都与壳内低速体的分布有关. 张家口以东,上地幔普遍存在低速层,顶部埋深在60~80 km之间,并表现出明显的东部浅西部深的特点. 相似文献
13.
14.
THE 3-D VELOCITY STRUCTURE OF CRUST AND UPPERMOST MANTLE AND ITS TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS IN FUJIAN PROVINCE 
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下载免费PDF全文 It is important to detect the fine velocity structures of the crust and uppermost mantle to understand the regional tectonic evolution, earthquake generation processes, and to conduct earthquake risk assessment. The inversion of uppermost mantle velocity and Moho depth are strongly influenced by crustal velocity heterogeneity. In this study, we collected first arrivals of Pg and Pn and secondary arrivals of Pg wave from the seismograms recorded at Fujian provincial seismic network stations. New 3-D P-wave velocities were inverted by multi-phase joint inversion method in Fujian Province. Our results show that the fault zones in Fujian Province have various velocity patterns. The shallow crust is characterized by high velocity that represents mountains, while the mid-lower crust shows low velocities. The anomalous velocities are correlated closely with tectonic faults in Fujian Province. Velocity anomalies mainly show NE-trending distribution, especially in the mid-lower crust and uppermost mantle, which is consistent with the NE-trending of the regional main fault zones. Meanwhile, a part of velocity patterns show NW trending, which is related to the secondary NW-oriented faults. Such velocity distribution also shows a geological structural pattern of "zoning in east-west direction and blocking in north-south direction" in Fujian area.
In the crust, a low velocity zone is found along Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone as mentioned by previous study, however our result shows the low velocity exists at depth of 20~30km in mid-lower crust. Compared with previous study, this low velocity zone is larger and deeper both in range and depth.
The crustal thickness of 28~35km from our joint inversion is similar to the results from the receiver functions of previous studies. The thinnest crust(28km)is observed at offshore in the north of Quanzhou; while the thickest crust(35km)is located west of Zhangzhou near the Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone. Generally, thinner crustal thickness is found in offshore of Fujian Province, and thicker crustal thickness is in the mainland. However, we also found that crustal thickness becomes thinner along the east side of Yongan-Jinjiang Fault.
The values of Pn velocities in the region vary from 7.71 to 8.26km/s. The velocity distribution of the uppermost mantle presents a large inhomogeneity, which is correlated with the distribution of the fault zone. High Pn velocity anomalies are found mainly along the west side of the Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone(F2), and the east side of the Shaowu-Heyuan fault zone(F1), which is strip-shaped throughout the central part of Fujian. Low Pn velocity anomalies are observed along the coast and Taiwan Straits, including the Changle-Zhaoan fault zone, the coastal fault zone, and the Fuzhou Basin. We also found a low Pn velocity anomaly zone, which extends to the coast, in the Shaowu-Heyuan fault zone at the junction of the Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces. In the west of Taiwan Straits, both high and low Pn velocity anomalies are observed.
Our results show that the historical strong earthquakes(larger than magnitude 6.0) are mainly distributed between positive and negative anomaly zones at different depth profiles of the crust, and similar anomalies distribution also exists at the uppermost mantle, suggesting that the occurrence of strong earthquakes in the region is not only related to the anomalous crustal velocity structure, but also affected by the velocity anomaly structure from the uppermost mantle. 相似文献
15.
川滇地区地壳上地幔三维速度结构研究 总被引：95，自引：22，他引：95
根据云南和四川地震台网174个台站记录的4625个区域地震初至Ｐ波和Ｓ波走时资料，并结合其它深部地球物理资料，确定了川滇地区地壳上地幔三维速度结构．在上地壳速度异常分布中，四川盆地为正异常，川西高原为负异常，龙门山断裂带为正、负异常的边界．龙门山断裂、鲜水河断裂以及红河断裂等，在下地壳和上地幔的速度异常中仍显示出构造分界特征，说明它们可能穿透了莫霍界面．腾冲火山区和攀西构造带在50km深度上呈现负速度异常，与上地幔温度和物质组成的差异相联系．川滇地区地壳结构的总体特征是:地壳和上地幔的低平均速度，地壳厚度变化剧烈，地壳和（或）上地幔存在高导层、高热流值．这些同印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞的构造背景有关．川滇菱形块体在地壳内总体上为正常或正异常速度，而其边界的深大走滑断裂存在负速度异常，它有助于地壳块体沿断裂的侧向挤出．在主要的地震带上，中下地壳的负速度异常与地震活动性相关．多数强烈地震发生在具有正速度异常或正常速度分布的上中地壳深度上，而其下方则通常是负速度异常带． 相似文献
16.
Based on the first arrival P and S data of 4 625 regional earthquakes recorded at 174 stations dispersed in the Yunnan and
Sichuan Provinces, the 3-D velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in the region is determined, incorporating with previous
deep geophysical data. In the upper crust, a positive anomaly velocity zone exists in the Sichuan basin, whereas a negative
anomaly velocity zone exists in the western Sichuan plateau. The boundary between the positive and negative anomaly zones
is the Longmenshan fault zone. The images of lower crust and upper mantle in the Longmenshan fault, Xianshuihe fault, Honghe
fault and others show the characteristic of tectonic boundary, indicating that the faults likely penetrate the Moho discontinuity.
The negative velocity anomalies at the depth of 50 km in the Tengchong volcanic area and the Panxi tectonic zone appear to
be associated with the temperature and composition variations in the upper mantle. The overall features of the crustal and
the upper mantle structures in the Sichuan-Yunnan region are the lower average velocity in both crust and uppermost mantle,
the large crustal thickness variations, and the existence of high conductivity layer in the crust or/and upper mantle, and
higher geothermal value. All these features are closely related to the collision between the India and the Asia plates. The
crustal velocity in the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block generally shows normal value or positive anomaly, while the negative
anomaly exists in the area along the large strike-slip faults as the block boundary. It is conducive to the crustal block
side-pressing out along the faults. In the major seismic zones, the seismicity is relative to the negative anomaly velocity.
Most strong earthquakes occurred in the upper-mid crust with positive anomaly or normal velocity, where the negative anomaly
zone generally exists below.
Foundation item: National Scientific and Technological Development Program (95-973-02-02), the Climb Program (95-S-05-01) of National Scientific
and Technological Ministry of China, and the State Natural Sciences Foundation of China (49874021).
Contribution No. 02FE2004, Institute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau. 相似文献
17.
A study on 3-D velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in Sichuan -Yunnan region, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Many evidences indicate that the collision of two plates deformed strongly the crust of the SYR, and the deformation has been continued up to the present. In addition, the SYR is in the south segment of the South-North Seismic Zone of China, which is one of the regions in the Chinese mainland, where the seismic activity is very high, and the strong earthquakes frequently occurred. Since the 1970s, a series of large earthquakes with magnitude M>7.0 occurred in SYR, such as the 1970 Tongha… 相似文献
18.
Jianshe Lei Furen Xie Congxin Lan Chengqi Xing Shizhen Ma 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2008,168(3-4):134-146
In this study a new tomographic method is applied to over 1500 high-quality PmP (Moho reflected wave) travel-time data as well as over 38,500 high-quality first P-wave arrivals to determine a detailed 3D crustal velocity structure under Beijing and adjacent areas. Results of detailed resolution analyses show that the PmP data can significantly improve the resolution of the model in the middle and lower crust. After the PmP data are included in the tomographic inversion, our new model not only displays the tectonic feature appeared in the previous studies, but also reveals some new features. The Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea fault zone (Zhang-Bo zone) is imaged as prominent and continuous low-velocity (low-V) anomalies in the shallower crust, while in the middle and lower crust it shows intermittent low-V anomalies extending down to the uppermost mantle. Furthermore, the pattern of low-V anomalies is different along the Zhang-Bo zone from the southeast to the northwest, indicating that there exist large differences in the dynamic evolution of Taihangshan and Yanshan uplifts and North China depression basin. Prominent low-V anomalies are visible under the source area of the 4 July 2006 Wen-An earthquake (M 5.1), suggesting that the occurrence of the Wen-An earthquake is possibly related to the effect of the crustal fluids probably caused by the upwelling of the hot and wet asthenospheric materials due to the deep dehydration of the stagnant Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone. The fluids in the lower crust may cause the weakening of the seismogenic layer in the upper and middle crust and thus contribute to the initiation of the Wen-An earthquake. This is somewhat similar to the cause of the 1695 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake and the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in the region, as well as the 1995 Kobe earthquake in Japan and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake in India. 相似文献
19.
在华北地区大地电磁测深工作的基础上,本文对北京——柏各庄剖面上的大地电磁观测资料,使用连续介质反演方法进行反演解释,获得了电性结构的最新结果。对构制的可接受地电模型的评价表明,本剖面内地壳中部普遍存在高导电带,上地幔内高导电带的深度变化较大,电阻率为1m的等值线深度,在沧县隆起为70多km,其西侧和东侧分别在60km和50km左右。上地幔高导电带的电阻率值由西而东有减小的趋势。这些结果与表层构造的对应关系说明,上地幔软流圈及地热场的横向不均一性,对地壳内部发生的构造运动有重要意义。 相似文献