共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
采用ROMS模型研究了珠江口蕉门南水道枯季时的局部高盐度现象。表明这一现象在大潮期发育显著,而小潮期则不明显。从动力机制上解释了这一现象的成因,揭示其形成原因为大潮期的平流输运强,涨潮时的潮程远大于凫洲水道的长度,以及大潮期径流相对较小,有利于虎门的高盐度水体输运至蕉门水道。此外,大潮期由于洪奇沥与横门来的淡水在涨潮期向北输运而导致蕉门南水道口门处盐度较低。并进一步分析了这一现象的存在对蕉门南水道水体分层、河口环流及物质输运的意义。 相似文献
2.
珠江三角洲网河水沙形式复杂,河口的同步水沙分配特征对研究河口水沙输运以及泄洪排放路径的理解至关重要。分别于2016年12月枯季大小潮与2017年7月洪季大小潮,通过4个航次对珠江三角洲16个站位进行了同步水文观测。观测结果显示,洪枯季西江都为珠江三角洲水沙的主要来源,网河区流量输送存在3条通道,最终经由磨刀门(枯季26%,洪季33%)、洪奇沥(枯季18%,洪季20%)、虎门(枯季20%,洪季16%)三口门入海,三口门枯季总流量占八大口门的64%,洪季占69%。泥沙输运存在2条主要通道,最终经由磨刀门(枯季34%,洪季43%)与洪奇沥(枯季16%,洪季26%)入海,两口门枯、洪季泥沙量约占八大口门的50%、69%。16站位流量与输沙率季节性差异显著,网河区流量季节性差异北江大于西江大于东江,八大口门季节性差异由中间口门向两侧口门递减;网河区输沙率季节性差异西江大于东江大于北江,八大口门季节性差异也由中间口门向两侧口门递减,含沙量的季节变化与输沙率相似,受潮流作用影响,洪枯季大潮含沙量一般大于小潮含沙量。 相似文献
3.
珠江口伶仃洋咸淡水混合特征 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
珠江口伶仃洋是一个宽而浅的喇叭状海湾.珠江的八个口门,有四个口门(虎门、蕉门、洪奇沥和横门)的径流汇入伶仃洋(见图1).径流量约1,517.9亿方/年,占珠江总径流量的51.6%,但洪、枯季节流量变化较大.洪水季节的径流量约占年径流量的80%以上. 相似文献
4.
伶仃洋汇集虎门、蕉门、洪奇沥和横门等珠江水道的来水、来沙,使海区内淤积日甚,浅滩广袤。东、西两航道把浅滩分为东滩、中滩和西滩。 西滩位于伶仃洋西侧,在蕉门、洪奇沥和横门的口外,北起蕉门口的鸡婆沙,向南有万顷沙尾的沙仙尾滩,横门滩,进口浅滩,直到淇澳岛北端的滩地。南北延伸达30余公里,东西宽约10余公里。这片滩地至今尚在发展中,前缘已直逼西航道(即伶仃航道),使西航道变窄变浅,自然水深不足10米。 相似文献
5.
6.
河控型河口盐度混合和层化是控制悬沙输移扩散的重要动力机制。以珠江磨刀门河口为研究对象,基于2017年洪季三船同步大、小潮水文泥沙观测数据,分析河控型河口水体盐度层化结构的时空变化对悬沙分布的影响机制。结果表明:受径潮动力耦合时空变化影响,河口盐度垂向分布表现出时空差异,即受径流主导的M1站(挂锭角),河口盐度在涨落潮周期内垂向混合均匀,受径潮控制的M2站(口门)在整个潮周期内盐度层化结构明显,口门外侧的M3站,潮动力作用较强,盐度垂向分布随涨落潮变化而变化;悬沙空间分布与盐度分布关系密切,盐度混合均匀利于悬沙垂向均匀分布,而盐度层化则使悬沙倾向于滞留在底层水体中,且在盐度层结界面之下出现高悬沙浓度,悬沙浓度垂向分布曲线呈L字型或抛线型,纵向上表现为高浓度悬沙团抑制在盐水楔前端,盐度层化对悬沙的捕集效应明显。通过对比水体标准化分层系数与水流垂向扩散强度系数发现,两者呈现负相关关系,即标准化分层系数愈大,垂向扩散强度愈小,表明水体层化抑制悬沙垂向扩散强度,而且水体层化程度越高,悬沙垂向扩散抑制程度越大,进而促进了河口水体盐度层化对悬沙捕集作用。本研究有助于揭示河口细颗粒泥沙运动机制及河口拦门沙演变机制,并为磨刀门河口拦门沙治理提供科学依据。 相似文献
7.
《海洋学报》2021,(5)
河控型河口盐度混合和层化是控制悬沙输移扩散的重要动力机制。以珠江磨刀门河口为研究对象,基于2017年洪季三船同步大、小潮水文泥沙观测数据,分析河控型河口水体盐度层化结构的时空变化对悬沙分布的影响机制。结果表明:受径潮动力耦合时空变化影响,河口盐度垂向分布表现出时空差异,即受径流主导的M1站(挂锭角),河口盐度在涨落潮周期内垂向混合均匀,受径潮控制的M2站(口门)在整个潮周期内盐度层化结构明显,口门外侧的M3站,潮动力作用较强,盐度垂向分布随涨落潮变化而变化;悬沙空间分布与盐度分布关系密切,盐度混合均匀利于悬沙垂向均匀分布,而盐度层化则使悬沙倾向于滞留在底层水体中,且在盐度层结界面之下出现高悬沙浓度,悬沙浓度垂向分布曲线呈L字型或抛线型,纵向上表现为高浓度悬沙团抑制在盐水楔前端,盐度层化对悬沙的捕集效应明显。通过对比水体标准化分层系数与水流垂向扩散强度系数发现,两者呈现负相关关系,即标准化分层系数愈大,垂向扩散强度愈小,表明水体层化抑制悬沙垂向扩散强度,而且水体层化程度越高,悬沙垂向扩散抑制程度越大,进而促进了河口水体盐度层化对悬沙捕集作用。本研究有助于揭示河口细颗粒泥沙运动机制及河口拦门沙演变机制,并为磨刀门河口拦门沙治理提供科学依据。 相似文献
8.
珠江河口磨刀门水道枯季盐水入侵特性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨磨刀门水道潮流和盐度的三维分布特性,本文建立了磨刀门水道的三维潮流和盐度数值模型,采用2009年枯季磨刀门水道实测潮流和盐度资料对模型参数进行率定和验证。结果显示,枯季由于上游径流量小,磨刀门水道总体涨、落潮流速都不大,表层总体涨潮平均流速都在0.5 m/s以内,总体落潮平均流速在0.8 m/s以内;底层总体涨落潮平均流速都在0.5 m/s以内;从盐度的平面分布来看,磨刀门水道近口门河段总体呈现涨潮时水道东侧盐度高于西侧,落潮时东侧盐度小于西侧的趋势。大潮和中潮期间,落潮时盐水向上游的入侵距离反而较涨潮时更远,主要原因是,落潮时的底层盐水向上游的补偿流动以及地形阻拦形成更为强烈的紊动扩散。潮汐动力弱(小潮)时,整个水道内水流流速很小,流态平缓,紊动较弱,总体仍呈现涨潮时入侵距离大于落潮,显示枯季磨刀门水道盐水入侵的主要影响因素取决于地形和潮动力。 相似文献
9.
海南岛南渡江河口枯季大小潮的盐度变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南渡江河口长度较短,河口内驻波发育。河口内盐水入侵近年来呈加剧之势。根据2009年2月大小潮多站同步的周日水流、盐度观测以及2009年11-12月连续38天的表层盐度观测资料,结合EFDC数值模拟结果,分析了南渡江河口枯季大小潮期的盐度与水体分层的时空变化规律。结果表明,枯季时南渡江河口干流自口门向陆,潮流流速递减,盐度减小,水体分层增强。水体分层在落潮时增大,涨潮时减小。大潮期的混合作用强于小潮期。河道内采砂形成的深坑对高盐水起到捕集作用,涨潮时输入的高盐水在落潮时无法向海输出,对南渡江的盐水入侵起到加剧作用。实测资料显示,小潮期的盐水入侵长度要大于大潮期。 相似文献
10.
海南岛南渡江河口的盐水入侵 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南渡江是海南岛最大的河流,河口长度较短(约25 km),口外濒临琼州海峡。南渡江的盐水入侵近年来呈加剧趋势,急需对其过程与机理进行研究。本研究运用FVCOM模型,采用2009年枯季的实测数据对模型进行了验证。根据模型计算结果分析了枯季和洪季南渡江河口的流速和盐度的时空分布及盐水入侵的变化,探讨了河口不同位置驱动盐分向陆输运的机制。研究结果表明:枯季小潮时的河口环流强度大于大潮时,而洪季河口环流在大潮时更加发育,洪枯季都表现出大潮期的盐度分层(表底层盐度差)大于小潮期;口门附近,潮汐振荡输运在总的向陆盐分输运通量中占主导,而向上游方向,稳定剪切输运则表现得更重要。主河道内损失的盐分主要通过海甸溪的盐分输入进行补充。 相似文献
11.
Three Dimensional Baroclinic Numerical Model for Simulating Fresh and Salt Water Mixing in the Yangtze Estuary 总被引：1，自引：5，他引：1
For simulating fresh and salt water mixing in estuaries, a three dimensional nonlinear baroclinic numerical model is developed, in which the gradients of horizontal pressure contain the gradient of barotropic pressure arising from the gradi-ent of tidal level and the gradient of baroclinic pressure due to the gradient of salinity. The Eulerian-Lagrangian method is employed to descretize both the momentum equations of tidal motion and the equation of salt water diffusion so as to im-prove the computational stability and accuracy. The methods to provide the boundary conditions and the initial conditions are proposed, and the criterion for computational stability of the salinity fields is presented. The present model is used for modeling fresh and salt water mixing in the Yangtze Estuary. Computations show that the salinity distribution has the characteristics of partial mixing pattern, and that the present model is suitable for simulalion of fresh and salt waler mixing in ihe Yanglze Esluary. 相似文献
12.
在胶州湾湾口、西侧、中心、东侧、北侧湾顶五个区域布设测站,利用2018年冬季至2020年秋季潮位、海流等监测数据,基于最小二乘法进行调和分析计算,并结合垂线平均流速流向、可能最大流速、水质点可能最大运移距离等计算模型,研究分析了胶州湾海流特征。结果表明,各区域潮流类型系数均小于0.5,M2分潮椭圆率绝对值均不超过0.1,接近于0,故胶州湾潮流性质为正规半日潮流,潮流运动形式以往复型为主。湾口区域余流、可能最大流速、水质点可能最大运移位移均最大。不同季节余流流速和流向的差异没有明显的规律性,除湾区西侧测站外,其余位置不同季节余流流向整体上有固定朝向：湾口处东偏北、中心站西偏北、东侧站南偏东、北侧湾顶站东偏北。靠近岸边的湾口、东侧和北侧湾顶站余流流向与邻近海岸垂直。在垂直方向上,各测站可能最大流速和水质点可能最大运移距离由表层至底层整体上呈减小趋势,流向基本一致。 相似文献
13.
The design and operation of mathematical models of solute mixing and sediment transport in estuaries rely heavily on the provision of good-quality field data. We present some observations of salinity, suspended sediment concentration and velocity at one of the tidal limits of a semi-enclosed tidal lagoon in Southern England (Pagham Harbour, West Sussex, UK) where the natural processes of tidal incursion and solute mixing have been heavily modified as a result of the construction of sea walls dating back to the 18th Century. These observations, made immediately downstream of two parallel tidal flap gates by conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiler, and also using bed-mounted sensor frames to measure velocity at 2 fixed depths, have yielded a set of results covering 11 tidal cycles over the period 2002–04. It is clear from the results obtained that over a typical tidal cycle, the greatest vertical salinity gradients occur in the 1–2 h immediately after the onset of the flood tide, and that subsequently, energetic mixing acts to rapidly break down this stratification. Under moderate-to-high fresh water flows (>0.5 m3/s), the break-down in vertical salinity gradient is more gradual, while under low fresh water flows (<0.2 m3/s), the vertical salinity gradient is generally less pronounced. Estimates of Richardson number during the early flood-tide period reveal values that vary rapidly between <1 and about 20, with lower values occurring after around 1.5–2 h after low water. Observations of suspended sediment concentration vary widely even for similar tidal and fresh water flow conditions, revealing the possible influence of wind speed, the storage effects of the water in the lagoon downstream of the observation site, and the complexity of the hydrodynamics downstream of tidal flap gates. The data also show that most of the sediment transport is landward, and occurs during flood tides, with estimated total tidal landward flood tide flux of fine sediment of the order of 50–120 kg under low fresh water flow conditions. These observations, which reinforce the results presented in Warner et al. (2004) and elsewhere, can help to provide information about the appropriate techniques for managing sediments and pollutants, including nutrients from sewage effluent waters, in estuaries where hydraulic flap gates are used to control the entry of fresh water over the tidal cycle. 相似文献
14.
15.
A. Mantovanelli E. Marone E. T. da Silva L. F. Lautert M. S. Klingenfuss V. P. Prata Jr. M. A. Noernberg B. A. Knoppers R. J. Angulo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,59(4):523-537
Net transports of water, salt and suspended particulate matter (SPM) for a cross-section in front of the Paranaguá Harbour (Paranaguá Bay, Brazil) are presented for eight distinct tidal cycles. Data include measurements over single spring and neap tidal cycles, during both wet and dry seasons. The main drive forces of circulation and SPM dynamics are identified. Advective transport dominated under moderate to high vertical salinity stratification and weak currents, while mixing processes dominated under well-mixed conditions generated by high currents and low freshwater input. Under partially mixed conditions, both advective and mixing processes were important. The tide-induced residual circulation dictated the magnitude and direction of residual currents and net transports of water and salt, but not of SPM transport. The SPM dynamics was intrinsically related to cyclical processes of erosion, resuspension and deposition driven by tidal currents. The turbulent mixing intensity conditioned the vertical mixing of SPM. Resuspension and vertical mixing were conspicuous in spring cycles, while the horizontal advection preponderated in the neaps. Lags between maximum currents and SPM peak concentrations occurred, with more pronounced hysteresis during ebb periods. 相似文献
16.
During autumn 1968 an oceanographic investigation was conducted in the region of the Subarctic boundary between 155°E and 180°. The geostrophic flow of the upper 500 m was remarkably similar in direction; hence the salinity-minimum, Intermediate water must have the same path of flow as water at the surface. A water mass analysis revealed a decrease in the percentage of Subarctic water to the south and east, plus an increase in the homogeneity of water to the east, which supports Reid's conclusions that the salinity minimum results mainly from lateral mixing in the pycnocline in this region. Salinity at the minimum increases toward the south and east, and the density at this level also increases slightly from the western to the central Pacific, perhaps as a result of unequal vertical mixing above and below the minimum. 相似文献
17.
Anh Duc Nguyen Hubert H.G. Savenije Duc Nghia Pham Duc Thang Tang 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008
The fresh water discharge is an important parameter for modelling salt intrusion in an estuary. In alluvial converging estuaries during periods of low flow, when salinity is highest, the river discharge is generally small compared to the tidal flow. This makes the determination of the fresh water discharge a challenging task. Even if discharge observations are available during a full tidal cycle, the fresh water discharge is seldom much larger than the measurement error in the tidal discharge. Observations further upstream, outside the tidal region, do not always reflect the actual flow in the saline area due to withdrawals or additional drainage. Discharge computation is even more difficult in a complex system such as the Mekong Delta, which is a multi-channel estuary consisting of many branches, over which the freshwater discharge distribution cannot be measured directly. This paper presents a new approach to determine the freshwater discharge distribution over the branches of the Mekong Delta by means of an analytical salt intrusion model, based on measurements made during the dry season of 2005 and 2006. It appears that the analytical model agrees well with observations and with a hydraulic model. This paper demonstrates that with relatively simple and appropriate salinity measurements and making use of the analytical salt intrusion model, it is possible to obtain an accurate discharge distribution over the branches of a complex estuary system. This makes the analytical model a powerful tool to analyze the water resources in tidal regions. 相似文献
18.
山东半岛东北部海域悬浮体季节分布及控制因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于2018年山东半岛东北部海域冬、夏两季悬浮体浓度、浊度及水温和盐度调查资料,分析了研究区水体悬浮体浓度的季节性变化,探讨了其控制因素。结果表明:夏季浊度在0.2~37.8FTU之间变化,冬季浊度在1.5~100.1FTU之间变化,均表现为底高表低、东高西低的特征。夏季水温分层明显,表现为表层高、底层低的特征,盐度整体无明显变化;冬季温盐垂向上混合均匀,平面上表现为近岸低温低盐水体向远岸高温高盐水体的过渡。悬浮体浓度分布受潮流、波浪、温跃层和温盐锋面等因素影响。夏季,悬浮体垂向上受到温跃层影响,底层悬浮体难以向表层输运;平面上潮混合和波浪差异性作用阻碍了悬浮体的水平输运。冬季,强风浪促使悬浮体垂向混合剧烈,表层悬浮体浓度明显较夏季变高;平面上沿岸流和黄海暖流形成的温、盐锋面阻碍了水团间悬浮体的输运。 相似文献
19.
椒江河口高混浊水混合过程分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据１９９１年洪季的实测资料分析了高度浑浊的椒江河口的混合过程,并探讨了水动力学和沉积动力学因素对河口混合的重要作用,调查研究表明,椒江河口最大浑浊带下的高浑浊水－浮泥层厚达１ｍ,高浑浊水－浮泥层与上覆水之间是泥跃层,泥跃层与高混浊水－浮泥层对水体稳定的作用比同期观测到的盐跃层大１７倍以上,当高浑浊水－浮泥层被侵蚀时,在高浑浊水－浮泥层中的低盐水体又增加了水体的垂向混合能力。 相似文献