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1.
大凉山次级块体内强震发生的构造特征与2014年鲁甸6.5级地震对周边断层的影响 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
2014年8月3日,在云南鲁甸发生MS6.5地震.该地震位于巴颜喀拉块体、川滇块体与华南块体三者之间的以挤压和左旋走滑为主要活动特征的大凉山次级块体内部.该次级块体吸收了来自川滇块体和巴颜喀拉块体的挤压作用,主要以各边界断裂带的挤压作用和内部大凉山断裂带、峨边断裂带等NNW向的左旋走滑次级断裂为主要特征;在历史上大凉山次级块体边界上以7级以上强震活动为主要特征,而在次级块体内部则以5级地震频繁活动为主.2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震发生在逆冲走滑断裂带内部的NNW向左旋走滑断裂上,该地震主要受到了发生在小江断裂带上的1733年M73/4和则木河断裂带上的1850年M71/2强震的影响,这两次地震对2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震有促进作用,而2014年鲁甸6.5级地震促进了2014年10月1日越西5.0级地震的发生,此外鲁甸地震对大凉山断裂带北段、峨边断裂带、昭通-鲁甸断裂带东段以及则木河断裂带南段有一定的库仑应力增强作用. 相似文献
2.
根据网络工程的GPS站点观测资料,计算相对中国大陆整体1999～2007年的趋势运动速率和2004～2007年的动态运动速率,用青藏亚板块和华南亚板块的参数计算龙门山断裂带的活动参量,研究了中国大陆运动场和其变化,分析了地壳运动场的特征与汶川Ms8级地震的孕育关系.结果揭示出:现今地壳的运动分区与地质新构造单元基本一致,显示现代地壳构造活动足新构造运动的继承和发展;中国大陆地壳运动的动力主要与印度板块、太平洋板块与欧亚板块的相互碰撞俯冲产生的作用力有关.汶川Ms8级地震的发生,主要是由于印度板块对青藏亚板块的向北推挤、产生侧向运动,致使龙门山断裂带遭受挤压产生能量积累所致.2004～2007年的地壳动态运动,使龙门山断裂带走滑活动加强,从稳定的压应变积累状态转入了剪切作用下的易活动状态. 相似文献
3.
根据网络工程的GPS站点观测资料,计算相对中国大陆整体1999～2007年的趋势运动速率和2004~2007年的动态运动速率,用青藏亚板块和华南亚板块的参数计算龙门山断裂带的活动参量,研究了中国大陆运动场和其变化,分析了地壳运动场的特征与汶川MS8级地震的孕育关系.结果揭示出：现今地壳的运动分区与地质新构造单元基本一致,显示现代地壳构造活动是新构造运动的继承和发展;中国大陆地壳运动的动力主要与印度板块、太平洋板块与欧亚板块的相互碰撞俯冲产生的作用力有关.汶川MS8级地震的发生,主要是由于印度板块对青藏亚板块的向北推挤、产生侧向运动,致使龙门山断裂带遭受挤压产生能量积累所致.2004～2007年的地壳动态运动,使龙门山断裂带走滑活动加强,从稳定的压应变积累状态转入了剪切作用下的易活动状态. 相似文献
4.
渭河断裂带在前新生代为一条分割基底的古超壳断裂,新生代转为铲式伸展断裂,其伸展拉伸掀斜作用形成了渭河盆地的雏形,现代以引张倾滑兼枢纽运动为特征。该断裂带为渭河盆地一条最显著的地震活动带,自公元前280年以来有20次5级以上地震与该断裂带有关 相似文献
5.
通过对不同地震断裂带的地震活动趋势分析,对强震前中小地震的时空特征进行分析,对研究区域强震前的活动特征做了定性或定量的总结,以提高日后对地震预报的水平和可信度。北天山西段及准噶尔南缘地震断裂带及断裂带上中强震前地震活动有如下特征：（1）区域内断裂带多数在活动速率、结构都有比较详细的研究,喀什河断裂带活动速率较高,依连哈比尔尕断裂西段阿拉山口—精河段存在闭锁,准噶尔南缘成组断裂带1990年以来5级地震较活跃;（2）喀什河断裂、准噶尔南缘成组断裂中强震前3-4级地震地震活动图像特征明显,成条带、空区或在主震附近集中分布;（3）准噶尔南缘中强震有成组发生的特征,间隔一般不超过2年;（4）4级标志地震后半年内发生中强震的概率较大。 相似文献
6.
2008年5月12日汶川Ms8级地震的发生不是局部地区孤立的构造事件,研究汶川地震的孕震机制,应该把局部分析和区域分析相结合,关注地壳上地幔直至地幔过渡带的深部结构.基于近年来在东北、华北和汶川地震附近地区进行的深部结构电磁探测结果,结合地震学等其他资料,从太平洋板块的俯冲、印度板块的碰撞和松潘甘孜地块的推挤三个"层次"探讨分析汶川特大地震的成因.太平洋板块向亚洲大陆的俯冲作用,导致中国大陆东部地幔过渡带深度较普遍地存在着停滞的板片,它对汶川地震的影响不可忽视.印度板块与青藏高原的碰撞,使组成高原的各地块发生向北和向东的运动,各地块向东的运动作用于南北地震带中南段,影响到该区域的地震活动.松潘甘孜地块向四川地块的推挤.使松潘甘孜地块运动方向和龙门山断裂带形成"丁"字形结构,龙门山断裂带显示为较陡直的电性边界,加剧了汶川地震前的应力积累,可能是汶川地震发生的最直接的诱因. 相似文献
7.
地震序列的特征和震型判定工作有助于抗震救灾工作的开展,对其发生成因的研究是解决地震预报难题必须面对的科学问题。汶川8．0级地震序列的初步研究表明：①余震沿龙门山断裂带分布于宽100km,长约330km的带状区域内,并侧向于主震震中的北侧;②序列发展初期有2个快速衰减过程;③序列类型为主震一余震型,最大强余震6．4级;④序列的空间演化过程,强余震震源机制结果和地震精确定位结果分析表明,序列具有分段特征;⑤8．0级地震的发震构造是龙门山断裂带,发震构造在剖面上呈现出“犁形”或“铲形”。地球物理勘探和壳、幔结构反演结果表明,自青藏高原穿越龙门山到四川盆地存在地幔阶梯,上地幔阶梯的阻挡作用使得物质东移速率减慢,并蕴积了汶川8．0级地震所需能量。地震的产生正是东西向应力平衡被打破的结果,余震沿龙门山断裂的分布是高原地壳在印度板块的推挤作用下向北北东方向的运动得以继续的表现。整个龙门山断裂带都参与了活动,龙门山断裂带北端作为断裂带的止裂端与南段同期活动。 相似文献
8.
2008年5月12日汶川MS8级地震的发生不是局部地区孤立的构造事件,研究汶川地震的孕震机制,应该把局部分析和区域分析相结合,关注地壳上地幔直至地幔过渡带的深部结构.基于近年来在东北、华北和汶川地震附近地区进行的深部结构电磁探测结果,结合地震学等其他资料,从太平洋板块的俯冲、印度板块的碰撞和松潘甘孜地块的推挤三个“层次”探讨分析汶川特大地震的成因.太平洋板块向亚洲大陆的俯冲作用,导致中国大陆东部地幔过渡带深度较普遍地存在着停滞的板片,它对汶川地震的影响不可忽视.印度板块与青藏高原的碰撞,使组成高原的各地块发生向北和向东的运动,各地块向东的运动作用于南北地震带中南段,影响到该区域的地震活动.松潘甘孜地块向四川地块的推挤,使松潘甘孜地块运动方向和龙门山断裂带形成“丁”字形结构,龙门山断裂带显示为较陡直的电性边界,加剧了汶川地震前的应力积累,可能是汶川地震发生的最直接的诱因. 相似文献
9.
龙泉山活动断裂带及其潜在地震能力的探讨 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文根据测龄样品的断代分析、地壳形变测量以及沿断裂带的地震活动等对龙泉山断裂带的活动性进行了讨论。并根据断层的几何结构分段特征，运用活断层长度与地震震级的关系，探讨了该断裂带的潜在地震能力。结果表明，龙泉山断裂带属一条中、晚更新世有活动的断裂带。有历史地震史料记载以来，发生最大的一次地震是１９６７年仁寿大林场５．５级地震，近代地震活动主要以中、小地震活动为主，因此该断裂带属一条中强活动断裂带。从地震活动看，断裂带中南段的活动强度相对北段要大；西坡断裂的活动强度又大于东坡断裂，且西坡断裂具有较明显的分段活动特征。该断裂带上未来可能发生地需的最大震级为５．５±０．５级。 相似文献
10.
台湾海峡７．３级地震发生在北东东向台湾西南分国地的北缘活动断裂带上，这里的地质构造复杂，断块差异性升降运动强烈，为台湾浅滩隆起与台湾西南断陷分国地的交替地段；也是深部布格重力异常带由北东东转折为北东向的交汇部位，地震等烈度线的轮廓形态大致反映出其发震构造的走向。 相似文献
11.
文中根据南北地震带中段及附近区域1973年以来86次5.0级以上的地震序列统计结果,对地震序列类型和空间分布进行分析,结果表明:1)研究区域内的地震序列以主余型为主(51%),多震型次之(29%),孤立型最少(20%);同一序列类型中,随着地震震级增大,主余型地震所占的比例增加,多震型、孤立型逐渐减少,7.0级以上地震以主余型为主,无孤立型地震;对于不同破裂类型,逆冲型地震中主余型最多,多震型地震更可能为走滑和正断性质的地震。2)主余型和多震型地震序列的主震与最大余震震级的线性关系相对较好;绝大多数地震的最大余震多发生在震后20d内,主余型最大余震集中在震后3d内发生,多震型地震中次大地震集中在震后12d内发生,孤立型地震的最大余震多发生在地震当天。3)地震序列空间分布显示,主余型地震分布相对较广,多震型地震主要集中在川西巴塘—理塘、川东马边—昭通一带、川北松潘和滇西北云龙、姚安、龙陵及附近区域,甘孜-玉树断裂带、鲜水河断裂带NW段及四川盆地等地更易发生孤立型地震。4)地震序列类型的空间分布可能与本区域的地质构造和历史地震活动存在一定的关系。 相似文献
12.
溧阳——介休——五原北西向地震条带,是唐山地震后华北地区地震活动最为活跃的地带。通过研究发生在这条带上强震的震源机制,破裂过程,震源参数及迁移特点,发现这条带上的较强地震具有以下特点: 1.ML5.0级地震的破裂面走向均为北西向,与条带的总体走向基本一致。反映这些地震具有沿破裂面方向迁移的特点。 2.强震是从中间向北西及南东两个条带的延伸方向交替扩展迁移的,并且强度有逐个增大的趋势。而1980年3月9日在条带上平遥地区发生ML=5.7级地震后,再不具备上述迁移,震级增大的特点。 3.截止现在,均以中强震释放能量。其中多数的主压应力P轴与华北地区统一的主压应力方位基本一致,但仍有几个强震与华北地区总体走向明显不同,说明局部条件的影响在这个带上有时可以起主导作用。 相似文献
13.
研究华北地区(34-42N,108-124E)地震活动的时空分布表明,不同的时期,主要的地震活动在不同的区域发生,随时空的整体性转移是明显的.太行山前断裂带是该区最重要的构造带之一,它不仅控制了其两端的地震活动,也控制了以它为界的东、西两区的地震活动.并指出,大约从19世纪以来,华北地区的地震活动主要在东区,而不在西区,地震活动格局已经发生了重大改变;作为地震预报的重点监视区,应着重考虑目前正在活动的地区,这对地震的长期预报是重要的. 相似文献
14.
An ML4.7 earthquake occurred on February 2,2012 in Liaoning Gaizhou (40.56°N,122.36°E),since then,small earthquakes are frequent in this area,and until now the seismic activity does not stop,several earthquakes with magnitude larger than 4.0 have occurred.As of October 30,2014,1223 earthquakes have happened in the Gaizhou area,including 934 earthquakes with the magnitude ML1.0~1.9,247 with the magnitude ML2.0~2.9 and 45 with the magnitude ML3.0~3.9.Meanwhile,earthquakes are continuously active in Haicheng area where the MS7.3 earthquake happened in 1975,and there are over 1100 earthquakes (ML ≥ 1.0) having occurred since the Gaizhou earthquake swarm activity.Because the polarization direction of the fast shear wave is very sensitive to the variation of the principal stress environment,the shear wave splitting parameter can reflect the regional stress state and the local structural features,especially effective for the analysis of small-scale stress environment characteristics.So based on the seismic activities of the two earthquake clusters,this study analyzes the characteristics of shear-wave splitting in Gaizhou-Haicheng area.Preliminary results show that predominant polarization direction of fast shear-waves in the old earthquake region of Haicheng is stable,consistent with the direction of regional stress field.Due to presence of active fault below the Gaixian station (GAX),the predominant polarization direction of fast shear-waves is more complicated.There are two predominant polarizations,consistent respectively with Jinzhou Fault strike which is below the station and the maximum principal stress direction in this area.In addition,Gaizhou earthquake swarm activity increased after December 22,2013,and after the time node,the predominant polarization direction of fast shear-waves in Gaixian station is SEE,which is close to the predominant polarization direction of fast shear-waves in Yingkou station,at the same time consistent with the maximum principal stress direction of this region.Thus it can be inferred,the enhanced activity of Gaizhou earthquake swarm since December 22,2014 may be related to local enhancement of regional stress.In addition,the average time-delays of slow waves in station YKO and GAX show that there are no obvious changes before and after the time point of December 22,2013,which is different greatly with the previous related researches on the variation of slow wave time-delays,and there is no possibility that the Gaizhou earthquake swarm evolved into foreshock sequences from current preliminary results.We should do more work to study the details of the time delay variation of shear wave splitting parameter. 相似文献
15.
MIGRATION OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES IN TIBETAN BLOCK AREA AND DISSCUSSION ON MAJOR ACTIVE REGION IN THE FUTURE 
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下载免费PDF全文 YUAN Dao-yang FENG Jian-gang ZHENG Wen-jun LIU Xing-wang GE Wei-peng WANG Wei-tong 《地震地质》1979,42(2):297-315
On the basis of summarizing the circulation characteristics and mechanism of earthquakes with magnitude 7 or above in continental China, the spatial-temporal migration characteristics, mechanism and future development trend of earthquakes with magnitude above 7 in Tibetan block area are analyzed comprehensively. The results show that there are temporal clustering and spatial zoning of regional strong earthquakes and large earthquakes in continental China, and they show the characteristics of migration and circulation in time and space. In the past 100a, there are four major earthquake cluster areas that have migrated from west to east and from south to north, i.e. 1)Himalayan seismic belt and Tianshan-Baikal seismic belt; 2)Mid-north to north-south seismic belt in Tibetan block area; 3)North-south seismic belt-periphery of Assam cape; and 4)North China and Sichuan-Yunnan area. The cluster time of each area is about 20a, and a complete cycle time is about 80a. The temporal and spatial images of the migration and circulation of strong earthquakes are consistent with the motion velocity field images obtained through GPS observations in continental China. The mechanism is related to the latest tectonic activity in continental China, which is mainly affected by the continuous compression of the Indian plate to the north on the Eurasian plate, the rotation of the Tibetan plateau around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and the additional stress field caused by the change of the earth's rotation speed.
Since 1900AD, the Tibetan block area has experienced three periods of high tides of earthquake activity clusters(also known as earthquake series), among which the Haiyuan-Gulang earthquake series from 1920 to 1937 mainly occurred around the active block boundary structural belt on the periphery of the Tibetan block region, with the largest earthquake occurring on the large active fault zone in the northeastern boundary belt. The Chayu-Dangxiong earthquake series from 1947 to 1976 mainly occurred around the large-scale boundary active faults of Qiangtang block, Bayankala block and eastern Himalayan syntaxis within the Tibetan block area. In the 1995-present Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, 8 earthquakes with MS7.0 or above have occurred on the boundary fault zones of the Bayankala block. Therefore, the Bayankala block has become the main area of large earthquake activity on the Tibetan plateau in the past 20a. The clustering characteristic of this kind of seismic activity shows that in a certain period of time, strong earthquake activity can occur on the boundary fault zone of the same block or closely related blocks driven by a unified dynamic mechanism, reflecting the overall movement characteristics of the block. The migration images of the main active areas of the three earthquake series reflect the current tectonic deformation process of the Tibetan block region, where the tectonic activity is gradually converging inward from the boundary tectonic belt around the block, and the compression uplift and extrusion to the south and east occurs in the plateau. This mechanism of gradual migration and repeated activities from the periphery to the middle can be explained by coupled block movement and continuous deformation model, which conforms to the dynamic model of the active tectonic block hypothesis.
A comprehensive analysis shows that the Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, which has lasted for more than 20a, is likely to come to an end. In the next 20a, the main active area of the major earthquakes with magnitude 7 on the continental China may migrate to the peripheral boundary zone of the Tibetan block. The focus is on the eastern boundary structural zone, i.e. the generalized north-south seismic belt. At the same time, attention should be paid to the earthquake-prone favorable regions such as the seismic empty sections of the major active faults in the northern Qaidam block boundary zone and other regions. For the northern region of the Tibetan block, the areas where the earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above are most likely to occur in the future will be the boundary structural zones of Qaidam active tectonic block, including Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone, the northern margin fault zone of western Qinling, the eastern Kunlun fault zone and the Altyn Tagh fault zone, etc., as well as the empty zones or empty fault segments with long elapse time of paleo-earthquake or no large historical earthquake rupture in their structural transformation zones. In future work, in-depth research on the seismogenic tectonic environment in the above areas should be strengthened, including fracture geometry, physical properties of media, fracture activity behavior, earthquake recurrence rule, strain accumulation degree, etc., and then targeted strengthening tracking monitoring and earthquake disaster prevention should be carried out. 相似文献
Since 1900AD, the Tibetan block area has experienced three periods of high tides of earthquake activity clusters(also known as earthquake series), among which the Haiyuan-Gulang earthquake series from 1920 to 1937 mainly occurred around the active block boundary structural belt on the periphery of the Tibetan block region, with the largest earthquake occurring on the large active fault zone in the northeastern boundary belt. The Chayu-Dangxiong earthquake series from 1947 to 1976 mainly occurred around the large-scale boundary active faults of Qiangtang block, Bayankala block and eastern Himalayan syntaxis within the Tibetan block area. In the 1995-present Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, 8 earthquakes with MS7.0 or above have occurred on the boundary fault zones of the Bayankala block. Therefore, the Bayankala block has become the main area of large earthquake activity on the Tibetan plateau in the past 20a. The clustering characteristic of this kind of seismic activity shows that in a certain period of time, strong earthquake activity can occur on the boundary fault zone of the same block or closely related blocks driven by a unified dynamic mechanism, reflecting the overall movement characteristics of the block. The migration images of the main active areas of the three earthquake series reflect the current tectonic deformation process of the Tibetan block region, where the tectonic activity is gradually converging inward from the boundary tectonic belt around the block, and the compression uplift and extrusion to the south and east occurs in the plateau. This mechanism of gradual migration and repeated activities from the periphery to the middle can be explained by coupled block movement and continuous deformation model, which conforms to the dynamic model of the active tectonic block hypothesis.
A comprehensive analysis shows that the Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, which has lasted for more than 20a, is likely to come to an end. In the next 20a, the main active area of the major earthquakes with magnitude 7 on the continental China may migrate to the peripheral boundary zone of the Tibetan block. The focus is on the eastern boundary structural zone, i.e. the generalized north-south seismic belt. At the same time, attention should be paid to the earthquake-prone favorable regions such as the seismic empty sections of the major active faults in the northern Qaidam block boundary zone and other regions. For the northern region of the Tibetan block, the areas where the earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above are most likely to occur in the future will be the boundary structural zones of Qaidam active tectonic block, including Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone, the northern margin fault zone of western Qinling, the eastern Kunlun fault zone and the Altyn Tagh fault zone, etc., as well as the empty zones or empty fault segments with long elapse time of paleo-earthquake or no large historical earthquake rupture in their structural transformation zones. In future work, in-depth research on the seismogenic tectonic environment in the above areas should be strengthened, including fracture geometry, physical properties of media, fracture activity behavior, earthquake recurrence rule, strain accumulation degree, etc., and then targeted strengthening tracking monitoring and earthquake disaster prevention should be carried out. 相似文献
16.
从1982年10月19日卢龙6.2级地震余震近场数字地震资料的391条记录中， 挑选出可用于精确定位的171条地震事件记录，采用Hypoinverse定位方法对45个事件进行了重定位. 精确定位的震中分布显示出一卧倒的反ldquo;Frdquo;形活动地震构造的形态， 两条NNE向断裂被一条WNW向断裂所截断，两组断裂呈脆性断裂常见的共轭状态产出， NNE向的断层正在相互贯通，卢龙附近的滦河河谷发育成了四面断裂包围的断陷盆地雏形. 卢龙地震的发震构造是一个走滑兼张性的断裂组合， 这样的构造与张家口——渤海地震带的整体活动习性相符， 也反映了张渤带作为一个二级地块的分界截断NNE向的一系列断层所起的作用. 相似文献
17.
一、前言 地震可能是由于介质本构性质的软化特性所引起的非线性力学过程,因断层介质的软化,能导致断层介质和周围岩体的失稳和弹性应变的释放,产生地震。 目前有限元分析中常使用一种描述断层的层状材料模型（O.C.zienkiewicz,1971）, 相似文献
18.
19.
西太平洋地震活动沿岛弧呈狭窄的带状分布,但在岛弧的延伸方向上及岛弧间存在明显的差异。岛弧两端或岛弧与海岭的交接地段震源密度较大,而岛弧中段密度较小;菲律宾海板块西侧（靠大陆）的岛弧地震活动性较强,其东侧（靠太平洋）的马里亚纳岛弧地震活动性较弱;马里亚纳弧的ＮＮＥ和ＮＥ方向段地震活动比其它的方向段弱。震源密度与地貌格局及弧前构造应力有密切联系,表明导致地震活动的构造应力可能来源于大陆向海洋的运动 相似文献
20.
甘、宁、青地区地震孕育的力源环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从3个方面讨论了甘、宁、青三省区地震孕育的力源环境。①从强震震源机制、地震形变带、断层滑移特征和现代形变、地应力实地测量等几个不同侧面，讨论了区域构适应力场的分布规律。指出，甘、宁、青现今区域构造应力场以水平为主，主压应力方向从地区的西部到东南部，由NNE逐渐转为近EW向，且在地壳的深部、浅部和地表，方向有较好的一致性。它是印度板块向青藏块体碰撞、挤压，使青藏块体向北东方向推济，同时向东蠕散的结果。②通过讨论发展断层的错动形式以及部分前兆资料所反映的应力特征，揭示了地震孕育过程中震源及周围地区处于一种更高的应力状态。这是该地区地震前兆具有普遍性的根本原因。③讨论了甘、宁、青现今地震的孕育方式。指出，6级以上地震基本上以先存断层重新活动或相互沟通为主要活动形式。 相似文献