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西秦岭格尔括合花岗闪长斑岩岩石成因:黑云母矿物学特征约束 总被引：13，自引：5，他引：8
西秦岭造山带位于松潘-甘孜地体、碧口地体、祁连造山带和东昆仑造山带等多个块体的结合部位,经历了古特斯洋北枝的构造演化,发育了巨量的印支期岩浆活动与显著的金、铜(钼)、铅锌成矿作用,为研究秦岭印支期造山作用与成矿过程提供了可靠物质记录,是理解古特提斯洋北枝构造演化及成矿系统的关键。本文通过对西秦岭南缘格尔括合花岗闪长斑岩进行系统的岩石学、岩相学研究与黑云母成分的电子探针原位分析,厘定了矿物形成的物理化学条件,探讨了岩石成因及形成的构造环境,为解析秦岭造山带印支期造山过程中壳幔演化、构造-岩浆活动提供了矿物尺度的制约。研究表明,格尔括合花岗闪长斑岩中黑云母Fe2+/(Mg+Fe2+)比值介于0.22%~0.34%,并显示贫钙的特征,属于典型的岩浆成因黑云母。黑云母化学成分FeO T与MnO呈现正相关性,FeO T、MnO值与MgO值呈现负相关性,表明其结晶过程中可能发生了Mg2+和Fe2+的置换反应,而Mn则主要以类质同象替代Mg进入黑云母晶格。黑云母Al2O3介于16.15%~14.97%,TiO 2介于2.81%~2.05%,卤族元素(F、Cl)含量介于1.73%~0.84%。黑云母的氧化系数为0.27~0.56,MF值为1.33~1.57,Mg#为0.66~0.78,单位分子中阳离子数AlⅥ为0.08~0.18,以单位分子中Ti和Al阳离子数计算的黑云母结晶温度为629~684℃,结晶压力为131~181MPa,相应的侵位深度为5.0~7.1km。上述特征指示该岩体为壳幔混源成因的I型花岗岩,黑云母结晶于相对高温和高氧逸度的环境,岩浆结晶分异程度高。根据岩浆岩内黑云母成分构造环境判别,结合区域上同时期岩体的地质、地球化学特征,推测格尔括合岩体形成于西秦岭晚三叠世后碰撞伸展构造环境,可能是由底侵的幔源岩浆与广泛部分熔融的下地壳物质混合后上升至浅部岩浆房,并发生结晶分异而形成的具有壳幔混源成因的I型花岗岩。 相似文献
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中蒙边境欧玉陶勒盖大型铜-金矿床的发现及对找矿勘查工作的启示 总被引：27，自引：2，他引：27
近年来，随着找矿勘查工作的深入和一批重要铜多金属矿床的发现，中蒙边境已成为21世纪初全球铜、金等矿产找矿勘查的热点地区之一，欧玉陶勒盖铜-金矿床的发现和勘探即是很好的例证。认真分析和研究该矿床的产出大地构造背景，了解矿床产出的地质、岩石学特征，对于中蒙边境中国一侧提高找矿勘探水平具有很好的指导意义。 相似文献
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大量研究表明辽宁青城子地区主要成矿作用与印支期岩浆活动有密切关系,为了进一步研究印支期岩浆活动与成矿关系,文章在详细野外工作的基础上,对印支期侵入岩体进行了岩石地球化学测试分析。结果表明,青城子地区印支期花岗岩的w(SiO2)介于61.67%～77.69%,w(K2O)介于3.96%～6.67%,w(Na2O)为0.04%～4.42%,里特曼指数为0.57～5.19,多数小于3.3,主要为高钾钙碱性和钾玄岩系列;在以w(SiO2)为横坐标、其他氧化物为纵坐标的哈克图解中,除了w(Na2O)、w(K2O)与w(SiO2)的线性关系不明显外,其他氧化物均与w(SiO2)呈线性关系,说明它们具有明显的岩浆演化关系;微量元素均富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,原始地幔标准化配分曲线呈右倾模式,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式呈轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的右倾模式;构造判别图指示了青城子地区印支期岩浆活动产于同碰撞大地... 相似文献
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东天山土屋特大型斑岩铜矿成矿地质特征与矿床对比 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24
土屋特大型斑岩铜矿位于东天山吐鲁番－哈密陆块南部边缘岛弧环境中。多期岩浆活动和矿化是铜金属超常堆集的主要因素。海底火山活动和热泉沸腾逸散造就了铜金属的预富集（矿源层），闪长玢岩和斜长花岗斑岩的侵位和叠加矿化使铜金属进一步富化和最终成矿，以细碧角斑质为主的火山岩喷发于潮坪－滨海环境，闪长玢岩、斜长花岗斑岩形成于较强的氧化环境；强还原示踪矿物黄铁矿含量较少。矿石的低品位、矿石的结构构造、蚀变特征以及矿石建造具典型斑岩矿床特征；矿石高品位、矿床形成较低温度及大量硅化蚀变又表现为某些热液矿床特征（次火山岩热液）。典型斑岩铜矿床、次火山热液矿床、土屋铜矿床对比，土屋铜矿床矿床类型仍不失为斑岩型铜矿，并具有自身特征。 相似文献
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斑岩铜矿若干问题的最新研究进展 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
斑岩铜矿是最重要的铜矿床类型,对其成矿作用的认识对找矿实践具有重要指导意义,为此,文章通过收集和整理有关文献总结了近年来斑岩铜矿研究在构造和岩浆对成矿作用的控制、成矿金属和成矿流体来源、矿石伴生金属组分含量的影响因素等方面所取得的成果。近几年的研究工作揭示:斑岩铜矿的大规模成矿作用与洋壳高浮力块体(包括无震海岭和洋底高原)的俯冲有关,高氧逸度的岩浆活动有利于斑岩铜矿的形成,与无矿斑岩体相比,含铜斑岩体一般具有低稀土元素含量以及亏损Ho和Er等特征;斑岩铜矿中铜和金多由俯冲洋壳所释放的流体对地幔中硫化物的氧化作用释放而来;在部分斑岩铜矿中,岩浆来源流体可构成绢英岩化期流体的主体;斑岩铜矿伴生金属组分的含量受许多因素控制,其中包括岩浆源区地幔演化、火成岩岩石类型、岩浆侵位深度和成矿温度等多个方面。部分研究成果应作为找矿标志在实践中运用。 相似文献
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卡尔却卡地区是青海省重要的铁、铜、铅、锌、金多金属矿集区,具有特征明显的构造-岩浆岩带。在分析区内地层、构造、岩浆岩及接触带等控矿因素与成矿的关系的基础上,建立了找矿标志;根据区内的成矿特征,初步认为卡尔却卡多金属矿床为斑岩型矿床成矿系列,有斑岩型、夕卡岩型和蚀变岩型3种成因类型,形成斑岩-夕卡岩-热液成矿系统,成矿作用均与中-晚三叠世底侵事件有关。 相似文献
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K. R. Walker Germaine A. Joplin J. F. Lovering R. Green 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(2):149-177
With increasing intensity of metamorphism, and particularly metasomatism, it becomes more and more difficult to separate amphibolites in North‐western Queensland into ortho‐ and para‐amphibolites, and a stage is reached at which the two are indistinguishable. Field evidence, carefully sought, has enabled the origin of some apparently identical rocks to be determined, and laboratory methods were applied to these rocks to see if grounds for the separation of amphibolites of unknown origin could be determined. None of the six methods tried — mineralogy (including feldspar twinning), chemical analysis (including TiO2 content), spectrography, rock magnetism — proved to be as successful as the field method in distinguishing the two rock groups; some methods used with apparent success elsewhere, such as feldspar twinning or chemical analyses, are found to be unsuccessful here, which suggests that though the problem is world‐wide, solutions are only of local validity. 相似文献
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黑龙江鹿鸣钼矿区花岗质杂岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素、辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
鹿鸣超大型钼矿(钼金属量89万吨,平均品位0.084%)产于小兴安岭-张广才岭成矿带北段,矿体呈细脉浸染状赋存于二长花岗斑岩和二长花岗岩体内,围岩蚀变有钾化、绢云母化、硅化、绿泥石化、碳酸盐化等,矿化类型主要为斑岩型矿化。鹿鸣矿区含矿岩体二长花岗斑岩和二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素及辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年研究表明:二长花岗岩和二长花岗斑岩锆石的U-Pb年龄分别为186.8±2.1Ma和183.2±1.9Ma,形成于燕山早期,二长花岗斑岩晚于二长花岗岩。6个样品辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为176.7±4.4Ma(MSWD=0.92),Re含量变化于30×10-6~49×10-6。二长花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)值变化于1.1~3.8,Hf单阶段模式年龄为729Ma,两阶段模式年龄为1055Ma;二长花岗斑岩的锆石εHf(t)值变化于0.4~5.9,Hf单阶段模式年龄为741Ma,两阶段模式年龄为1075Ma。研究表明成矿与二长花岗斑岩有关,并且二长花岗岩和二长花岗斑岩岩浆为中新元古代新生的地壳物质熔融的产物,成岩成矿作用与古太平洋板块俯冲作用(或佳木斯与松嫩地块的拼合)有关。 相似文献
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U–Pb isotope analyses by LA-MC-ICPMS (Laser Ablation – Multi Collector – Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) in zircon crystals from metatonalites, tonalites and granodiorite gneiss from the Arroio dos Ratos Complex (ARC) early magmatism in southernmost Brazil are presented. The ARC is located in the eastern portion of the Sul-rio-grandense Shield, occurring as septa and roof pendants on granitoids emplaced along the Southern Brazilian Shear Belt (SBSB). The SBSB corresponds to a translithospheric structure composed of several anastomosed shear zones of dominantly transcurrent kinematics whose syntectonic magmatism, of Neoproterozoic age, is characteristic of post-collisional environments. The studied rocks comprise TTG-type associations with coeval mafic magmatism, deformed and metamorphosed within a ductile shear zone. Zircon crystals obtained from six samples are interpreted as igneous given that the crystals are subhedral to euhedral, bipyramidal, with concentric zonation, have ratios Th/U between 0.13 and 0.81 and have restricted evidence of overgrowth. The oldest Association 1 (A1) has structures compatible with recrystallization under conditions of high temperature and an igneous age of 2148 ± 33 Ma, obtained in a metatonalite. The rocks of Association 2 (A2) have similar compositions, although with a more significant coeval mafic fraction. They are intrusive into A1 and also show high-temperature recrystallization features. However, they are less deformed and partly preserve their primary, igneous fabric. The igneous ages obtained from two A2 tonalites are 2150 ± 28 Ma and 2136 ± 27 Ma. Association 3 (A3) is represented by tonalitic to granodioritic gneisses whose structure, composition and metamorphic features are similar to those of A1 rocks, except for the absence of coeval mafic magmas in the former. Local features resulting from partial melting are present in A3 rocks. Three samples from A3 were dated. A tonalitic gneiss gives igneous age of 2099 ± 10 Ma and two granodioritic gneisses give igneous ages of 2081 ± 7 Ma and 2077 ± 13 Ma. Restricted to A1, inheritance is represented by one subhedral, zoned, gently rounded zircon crystal interpreted as igneous, of 2732 ± 40 Ma (207Pb/206Pb age), with discordance of 9% and 232Th/238U ratio of 1.17. A single Neoproteozoic metamorphic date value was obtained from the rim of a zircon crystal of Paleoproterozoic core. The age of 635 ± 6 Ma (207Pb/206Pb age), with Th/U ratio < 0.1 and 1% discordance, is interpreted as compatible with adjacent SBSB magmatism. The three associations are interpreted to represent the record of successive magmatic pulses that mark the evolution of a Paleoproterozoic continental magmatic arc. In the study area, these magmatic arc associations represent relict areas partly reworked and relatively well-preserved from Neoproterozoic tectono-magmatic post-collisional events during the construction of the Southern Brazilian Shear Belt. 相似文献
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This review considers the magmatic processes in the Carpathian–Pannonian Region (CPR) from Early Miocene to Recent times, as well as the contemporaneous magmatism at its southern boundary in the Dinaride and Balkans regions. This geodynamic system was controlled by the Cretaceous to Neogene subduction and collision of Africa with Eurasia, especially by Adria that generated the Alps to the north, the Dinaride–Hellenide belt to the east and caused extrusion, collision and inversion tectonics in the CPR. This long-lived subduction system supplied the mantle lithosphere with various subduction components. The CPR contains magmatic rocks of highly diverse compositions (calc-alkaline, K-alkalic, ultrapotassic and Na-alkalic), all generated in response to complex post-collisional tectonic processes. These processes formed extensional basins in response to an interplay of compression and extension within two microplates: ALCAPA and Tisza–Dacia. Competition between the different tectonic processes at both local and regional scales caused variations in the associated magmatism, mainly as a result of extension and differences in the rheological properties and composition of the lithosphere. Extension led to disintegration of the microplates that finally developed into two basin systems: the Pannonian and Transylvanian basins. The southern border of the CPR is edged by the Adria microplate via Sava and Vardar zones that acted as regional transcurrent tectonic areas during Miocene–Recent times.Major, trace element and isotopic data of post-Early Miocene magmatic rocks from the CPR suggest that subduction components were preserved in the lithospheric mantle after the Cretaceous–Miocene subduction and were reactivated especially by extensional tectonic processes that allowed uprise of the asthenosphere. Changes in the composition of the mantle through time support geodynamic scenarios of post-collision and extension processes linked to the evolution of the main blocks and their boundary relations. Weak lithospheric blocks (i.e. ALCAPA and western Tisza) generated the Pannonian basin and the adjacent Styrian, Transdanubian and Z?rand basins which show high rates of vertical movement accompanied by a range of magmatic compositions. Strong lithospheric blocks (i.e. Dacia) were only marginally deformed, where strike–slip faulting was associated with magmatism and extension. At the boundary of Adria and Tisza–Dacia strike–slip tectonics and core complex extension were associated with small volume Miocene magmatism in narrow extensional sedimentary basins or granitoids in core-complex detachment systems along older suture zones (Sava and Vardar) accommodating the extension in the Pannonian basin and afterward Pliocene–Quaternary inversion. Magmas of various compositions appear to have acted as lubricants in a range of tectonic processes. 相似文献
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《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2016,76(4):605-620
We discuss here the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of mafic intrusive rocks from the Nagaland-Manipur Ophiolites (NMO) of Indo-Myanmar Orogenic Belt, northeast India to define their mantle source and tectonic environment. Mafic intrusive sequence in the NMO is characterized by hornblende-free (type-I) and hornblende-bearing (type-II) rocks. The type-I is further categorized as mafic dykes (type-Ia) of tholeiitic N-MORB composition, having TiO2 (0.72–1.93 wt.%) and flat REE patterns (LaN/YbN = 0.76–1.51) and as massive gabbros (type-Ib) that show alkaline E-MORB affinity, having moderate to high Ti content (TiO2 = 1.18 to 1.45 wt.%) with strong LREE-HREE fractionations (LaN/YbN = 4.54–7.47). Such geochemical enrichment from N-MORB to E-MORB composition indicates mixing of melts derived from a depleted mantle and a fertile mantle/plume source at the spreading center. On the other hand, type-II mafic intrusives are hornblende bearing gabbros of SSZ-type tholeiitic composition with low Ti content (TiO2 = 0.54 wt.%–0.86 wt.%) and depleted LREE pattern with respect to HREE (LaN/YbN = 0.37–0.49). They also have high Ba/Zr (1.13–2.82), Ba/Nb (45.56–151.66) and Ba/Th (84.58–744.19) and U/Th ratios (0.37–0.67) relative to the primitive mantle, which strongly represents the melt composition generated by partial melting of depleted lithospheric mantle wedge contaminated by hydrous fluids derived from subducting oceanic lithosphere in a forearc setting. Their subduction related origin is also supported by presence of calcium-rich plagioclase (An16.6–32.3). Geothermometry calculation shows that the hornblende bearing (type-II) mafic rocks crystallized at temperature in range of 565°–625 °C ± 50 (at 10 kbar). Based on these available mineralogical and geochemical evidences, we conclude that mid ocean ridge (MOR) type mafic intrusive rocks from the NMO represent the section of older oceanic crust which was generated during the divergent process of the Indian plate from the Australian plate during Cretaceous period. Conversely, the hornblende-bearing gabbros (type-II) represent the younger oceanic crust which was formed at the forearc region by partial melting of the depleted mantle wedge slightly modified by the hydrous fluids released from the subducting oceanic slab during the initial stage of subduction of Indian plate beneath the Myanmar plate. 相似文献
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玉龙斑岩铜矿含矿与非含矿斑岩元素和同位素地球化学对比研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
地质地球化学对比研究表明,玉龙含矿与非舍矿斑岩是由岩石圈地慢中交代成因的金云母-石榴石单斜辉石岩脉发生不同程度部分熔融而形成的。分矿斑岩是最早阶段熔融体,主要是由交代成因脉中副矿物(如磷灰石和碳酸盐矿物等)和舍水矿物金云母发生部分熔融而形成的,因而富含 F、Cl 和水等挥岌份,加上该阶段岩浆具有高氧化性特征,从而富含 Cu 等成矿元素;非含矿斑岩是交代成固咏相对较高熔融程度的产物,单斜辉石和石榴石介入了熔融作用,岩浆熔体相对贫乏F、Cl 和水等挥发份,加上该阶段岩浆具有较低的 f_(0_2),从而不利于成矿。斑岩体全岩的 F 和 Cl 含量(舍矿斑岩 F>1200 ppm,Cl>150 ppm;非含矿斑岩 F<1200 ppm,Cl<150 ppm)、K_2O/Na_2O(含矿斑岩>1.2,非含矿斑岩<1.2)和 Sm/Yb(含矿斑岩>6.5,非含矿斑岩<6.5)比值以及黑云母中的 Fe~(3 )/Fe~(2 )比值(含矿斑岩>0.7,非舍矿斑岩<0.7)是区分含矿与非含矿斑岩的重要地球化学参数。含矿斑岩与非分矿斑岩具有非常相似的 Sr-Nd-Pb 同位素组成,,表明含矿与非含矿班岩具有相同的源区。 相似文献
15.
云南哈播斑岩型铜（ 钼 金）矿床地质与成矿背景研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
哈播斑岩铜(-钼-金)矿床位于哀牢山-红河新生代成矿带南端西侧,是近年来新发现的一个斑岩型矿床.矿区内出露的哈播侵入体具有多期侵入的特征,花岗岩依次侵入的序列为坪山花岗岩、三道班花岗岩、阿树花岗岩、哈播南山花岗岩(37.3 Ma),随后有4期斑岩侵入到哈播南山花岗岩中,依次为黑云母钾长石斑岩、石英钾长石斑岩、石英二长斑岩和晚期黑云母钾长石斑岩岩脉.采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄法测定黑云母钾长石斑岩和石英二长斑岩的加权平均年龄分别为36.20±0.20 Ma和36.19±0.22 Ma,哈播南山花岗岩和4期斑岩具有相似的岩石地球化学特征,都有富钾、高氧化态和类似岛弧花岗岩的岩石地球化学特征,可能具有相同的来源.辉钼矿Re-Os年龄显示,哈播矿床的成矿年龄为35.47±0.16 Ma.相似的成岩-成矿年龄暗示哈播矿床成岩和成矿作用是一个连续的岩浆-热液过程,与玉龙斑岩铜矿相似.基于哈播矿床的岩石学、地球化学特点,结合前人关于青藏高原东部斑岩铜矿的研究成果,我们认为哈播斑岩矿床可能为藏东富碱斑岩带向东南的延伸,与玉龙斑岩铜矿带具有相似的成因,为哀牢山-红河新生代成矿带的重要组成部分,是晚碰撞构造转换背景下的重要产物. 相似文献
16.
位于青藏高原东缘的玉龙铜矿是我国最大的斑岩铜矿之一,其形成一致认为与矿区中心产出的二长花岗质复式斑岩体有关,但成矿与复式岩体的确切关系并不清楚。本文通过详细的野外地质填图,特别是矿床8号勘探线12个钻孔的重新编录,在复式岩体中识别出一套花岗斑岩岩枝,岩枝中不规则状石英-钾长石脉广泛发育,同时还见有单向固结结构、粗晶及细晶结构,这些特征表明该岩浆中的流体曾经发生过饱和。同时结合矿床高品位(0.6%,质量分数)铜矿化紧密围绕花岗斑岩分布、含矿脉体自花岗斑岩向外围逐渐由高温石英-钾长石A脉过渡为中低温石英-硫化物脉、热液蚀变自花岗斑岩向外由高温钾硅酸盐化过渡为中低温石英-绢云母化的规律,最终确定这套花岗斑岩为玉龙矿床的成矿斑岩。玉龙铜矿成矿斑岩的厘定,较好地解释了矿床矿化类型及金属的分布规律,为进一步深入理解矿床形成过程提供了帮助。 相似文献
17.
希勒克特哈腊苏铜矿位于阿尔泰铜矿带南缘,即原卡拉先格尔斑岩铜矿带内。初步的研究和钻孔资料表明,铜矿体完全受斑岩体(石英闪长斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩)控制,矿石具细脉浸染状构造,金属矿物主要为黄铜矿和黄铁矿以及少量的磁铁矿、斑铜矿和镜铁矿。其中磁铁矿形成早于黄铜矿,指示了岩浆具有较高的氧化状态。矿化蚀变分带与斑岩铜矿基本相似,岩体内见钾长石化、黑云母化、硅化和黄铁矿化,接触带见石英绢云母化,围岩见青磐岩化。含矿斑岩的地球化学特征表明其属于埃达克岩(adakite):高SiO2(63%～66%)、高Al2O3(15%～17%)、富集Sr(378×10-6～447×10-6)、无负Eu异常、亏损Y(10×10-6～14×10-6)和Yb(1.3×10-6～1.5×10-6)以及低的Sr同位素初始值(0.70439)、高的(εNd)t(+6.9～+8.2)和低的δ18OV-SMOW(<10‰)。其Rb-Sr等时线年龄为(332.8±8.5)Ma,为早石炭世侵位的产物,其形成与蒙古洋板块向南俯冲造成的洋壳部分熔融有关,因此其成矿地质背景与世界巨型斑岩铜矿十分相似。另外,在希勒克特哈腊苏铜矿外围还有数个与其十分相似的铜矿点,因此该地区展示了良好的找矿前景,同时也是中国又一个潜在的斑岩铜矿带。 相似文献
18.
根据对月龙铜铅矿的成矿地质环境、矿床地质特征、含矿岩体和矿化特征等的分析,认识到该矿产出于红柳河-牛圈子-洗肠井缝合带的南侧,属于早古生代被动大陆边缘地质环境。含矿地层为青白口系大豁落山群,母岩为花岗斑岩,已发现的矿化主要在围岩硅化白云岩与花岗斑岩接触带附近。根据岩石化学判别,认为该花岗斑岩属＂S＂型花岗岩类型,具有钾质花岗岩的特征。对比本区已发现的重要斑岩铜矿床———公婆泉矿床和白山堂矿床,认为它们之间有一定的可比性,应属于同一成因类型。考虑到月龙铜铅矿的花岗斑岩体剥蚀浅,区域上还有相似的一些岩体,因而本区仍具有寻找斑岩型（包括岩体内部的细脉-浸染状,接触带的交代充填状和外部的脉状矿化）铜矿的找矿前景。 相似文献
19.
B. Wolde 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(2):380-389
The rate of lithospheric extension has previously been suggested as the most important factor governing the compositions of
magmas generated in the Cenozoic Ethiopian volcanic province (CEVP). However, the distribution and chemistry of volcanic rocks
extending from the western plateau margin at Addis Ababa to the rift floor in Nazret, northern sector of the main Ethiopian
rift (MER), suggest that transitional magmatism in the region may have been triggered by an increase in the amount of lithospheric
extension in the Early Pliocene. The rocks occur across an area of variable crustal thickness and show a general age progression
from Upper Miocene (≤9 Ma) to Recent toward the rift. Alkalic basalts are extensive in the western part of the rift and along
its margin but are found only locally within the rift, whereas transitional basalts are found within the rift only. Both types
of basalts appear to have been derived from a common mantle source. In contrast, alkalic and transitional basalts on the Ethiopian
plateau are mutually exclusive in terms of their spatial distribution, but exhibit a compositional contiguity which suggests
that transitional magmas on the plateau formed at the expense of alkalic magmas, i.e. by equilibration of alkalic magmas at
relatively shallow depth. The alkalic basalts bear clear record of a decrease in the degree of partial melting with time,
suggesting that magmatism on the plateau was possibly triggered by a transient thermal anomaly. 相似文献
20.
Marakushev.A.A. 《地学前缘》1994,(Z1)
最主要进展是把岩石学研究扩大至天体，形成了天体岩石学研究方向。以陨石、月岩、彗星及宇宙尘为主要对象，运用地球化学天体化学观点，研究太阳系行星的起源和演化，并推衍于地球内生作用，指出行星的更生（ｒｅｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎ）过程有三种类型：裂谷作用、成岛（ｎｅｓｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ）和造山作用。文中对裂谷岩浆作用、碱性岩浆（在成岛阶段）演化作了论述，提出金刚石成因四大类型。认为金伯利岩钾镁煌斑岩中金刚石成矿是承袭被取代的母岩高压成矿的产物，变质杂岩中金刚石来自卷入其中的含金刚石橄榄岩、辉石岩和榴辉岩，金刚石的高￣３Ｈｅ／￣４Ｈｅ比值排除其为变质成因，金刚石成因新解释提出了金刚石成矿预测的新思路。含金刚石环状构造并非陨石冲击所成而是火山强力爆发的产物，各类球粒陨石中都发现过金刚石，说明球粒陨石来自巨型行星熔融核心，其流体外壳的压力足以生成金刚石。地球与太阳系其它星体之差别在于存在地槽体制、火山沉积岩系褶皱及其造山演化过程。 相似文献