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华南、华东南地区具有厚度可达上百米的花岗岩风化残积层。高等级公路、铁路的规模建设在该地区形成了大量的花岗岩类土质高边坡。深入认识该类边坡的工程特性并提出有效的针对性边坡加固方法,对该地区公路、铁路的安全建设和正常运营具有重要意义。为了更有效指导该类边坡的稳定性分析及边坡设计,本文深入调查分析了广东和广西境内4条高等级公路沿线的44处花岗岩类土质边坡特征及其稳定性,认为控制该类边坡稳定性的因素主要有:土体的均匀性、岩脉(墙)及花岗岩球状硬核的分布情况、坡体中保留的结构面是否对坡体稳定性起控制作用。继而依据这些因素把花岗岩类土质边坡划分为岩脉(墙)隔挡型边坡、网状结构型边坡、外倾结构型边坡、浮石型边坡4种类型。深入分析了每种类型边坡的坡体结构特征、稳定特性,针对性地提出了边坡稳定性分析中应重点考虑的因素。认为花岗岩类土质边坡的土质及坡体结构特征,造成了该类边坡开挖临时自稳性较好,但具有较强的开挖卸荷效应和较弱的抗冲刷能力。最后针对每种类型的花岗岩类土质边坡,提出了相应的设计方案建议。基于花岗岩类土质边坡良好的临时自稳性,认为可进行陡开挖强支护设计,同时强调逐级开挖逐级支护、加强坡面防冲刷、边坡护脚及压顶、边坡截排水等设计建议。 相似文献
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地处湘西山区的湘黔、焦柳铁路沿线分布众多的红层边坡。因其工程地质条件的特殊性,边坡灾害时有发生,严重影响了列车的安全运行。文章首先对这一地区红层的工程地质特性进行研究,在此基础上,对边坡破坏形式、规律、机理等进行深入探讨。研究表明:分布在湘西铁路沿线的红层具有岩性多变、软硬互层、浸水崩解、遇水软化、结构面众多及泥化软弱夹层发育等工程特性;红层边坡变形破坏的主要形式有风化剥落、坡面变形、崩塌落石和顺层滑坡等。文章通过湘西湘黔、焦柳铁路沿线12处较大红层路堑滑坡的调查及综合分析,得出这一地区红层路堑滑坡形成的基本规律并根据滑坡体物质及滑动面特征对其进行了分类。分析了该地区红层滑坡的形成机理并提出红层边坡地质灾害的防治措施。 相似文献
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某高速公路类土质边坡表层为坡积土,下伏强风化—弱风化泥页岩,公路营运巡检中发现该边坡出现变形破坏迹象。对该类土质边坡变形破坏发展过程、成因及稳定性进行分析研究,研究结果表明,该边坡破坏形式为浅层牵引式滑坡,分别利用有限元强度折减法和瑞典圆弧滑动面法对边坡的稳定性进行分析计算,计算结果显示,正常工况下和非正常工况I（暴雨）下边坡都处于不稳定状态,经综合分析结合稳定性计算,提出采用封闭坡表裂缝+预应力锚杆格梁+仰斜排水孔进行治理,加固后的监测数据验证了边坡的稳定性和治理方案的可靠性。研究成果可为类土质边坡滑坡灾害防治提供参考。 相似文献
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公路土质滑坡在其滑动变形破坏的过程中,具有一定的潜伏性,不易被识别。对于该类滑坡稳定性的评价与治理,应结合其滑动变形破坏机理及规律,查明滑坡滑动的关键影响因素,以便因地制宜地进行防治。结合醴潭公路K53+960—K54+020段的具体工程边坡实例,分别运用传统的剩余推力法和数值模拟技术,分析了该边坡在自然状态、降雨及地震条件下的稳定性及变形机理,深入分析了导致该边坡变形破坏的成因,认为降雨及地震对公路土质滑坡均具有较大的诱发作用。通过对比分析,传统计算方法和数值模拟结果相符合,印证了数值模拟技术在工程应用中的可视性和实用性。 相似文献
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双永高速公路K227滑坡由于地形高陡、地质复杂、环境敏感、施工困难等因素成为典型的复杂超高路堑边坡和项目建设及运营养护的关注焦点。为评价该边坡病害治理效果,在长期参与其治理过程的实践、思考、评价和监控基础上,从地形条件、地质条件、环境条件、应力调整和变形控制等方面构建复杂路堑高边坡安全评价指标体系、特征状态量化标准和各评价指标权值。结合模糊综合评判法、专家权威系数修正和最大隶属度原则,建立复杂路堑高边坡安全评估的模糊层次评价模型和评估方法,并与极限平衡法和有限元法计算成果、以及治理前后的现场变形迹象调查和持续性变形监测结果对比分析,对K227滑坡病害治理效果进行综合评判,并证明其是评价复杂路堑高边坡病害治理效果的有效方法。 相似文献
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高速公路顺层路堑边坡优化设计方法 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
高速公路顺层路堑边坡的稳定与否, 直接影响着公路的运行安全, 因此对该类边坡特点进行总结, 确定其研究方法是一项十分重要的任务.首先对高速公路顺层路堑边坡特点进行了总结, 提出了高速公路顺层路堑边坡从野外调查-稳定评价-开挖坡角确定-加固设计的优化设计路线.在此基础上, 以京珠高速公路大悟县境南段为例, 按照高速公路顺层边坡设计思路: 即在分析工程地质条件的基础上, 采用剩余推力法和Sarma法计算了其稳定性, 对影响边坡的各因素进行了敏感性分析; 并根据计算成果确定了最优设计坡角.在保证边坡总体稳定的前提下, 提出了边坡开挖方案及经济合理的边坡锚喷加固设计方案.结果表明该设计方案对工程建设具有很强的系统性和实用性. 相似文献
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基于颗粒元模拟的含软弱夹层类土质边坡变形破坏过程分析 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
采用基于离散单元法的颗粒元程序,引用平行连接模型,通过数值试验,确定土体细观参数与宏观力学性质的关系,并据此建立含软弱夹层的类土质边坡模型。通过路堑开挖卸荷过程模拟,再现了大变形条件下坡体渐进性破坏的完整过程,并对裂隙的发展演化过程进行实时监测。模拟结果显示,含软弱夹层类土质边坡的破坏过程历经裂隙的形成、扩大、发展直至贯通,最终发生大规模滑移破坏;裂隙从滑坡体前缘和软弱层面开始,范围逐步扩大,呈现典型的类土质边坡的渐进性破坏形式;滑坡发生后,土体结构破坏严重,承载能力大幅下降。边坡滑移过程模拟和最终滑移结果与现场滑坡状况完全吻合,表明该方法适用于类土质边坡变形破坏过程分析及其机理研究。 相似文献
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高速公路顺层路堑边坡的稳定与否，直接影响着公路的运行安全，因此对该类边坡特点进行总结，确定其研究方法是一项十分重要的任务。首先对高速公路顺层路堑边坡特点进行了总结，提出了高速公路顺层路堑边坡从野外调查－稳定评价－开挖坡角确定－加固设计的优化设计路线。在此基础上，以京珠高速公路大悟县境南段为例，按照高速公路顺层边坡设计思路：即在分析工程地质条件的基础上，采用剩余推力法和Sarma法计算了其稳定性，对影响边坡的各因素进行了敏感性分析；并根据计算成果确定了最优设计坡角。在保证边坡总体稳定的前提下，提出了边坡开挖方案及经济合理的边坡锚喷加固设计方案。结果表明该设计方案对工程建设具有很强的系统性和实用性。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology, 相似文献
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正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.) 相似文献
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正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se- 相似文献
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正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with 相似文献