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1.
准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭—二叠系火山岩裂缝十分发育, 普遍充填方解石矿物。通过对钻井岩心裂缝类型划分、 方解石脉原生流体包裹体均一温度测试、 方解石地球化学数据测试与分析, 揭示了方解石脉成因。结果表明, 石炭—二叠系火山岩中的裂缝主要包括风化裂缝、 构造裂缝、 成岩裂缝和溶蚀裂缝。裂缝中方解石的原生流体包裹体均一温度分布为40℃～150℃, 变化范围较大, 具有低温、 高温及混合流体特征。方解石的碳、 氧同位素表明, 方解石的形成与大气淡水和埋藏流体有关, 锶同位素和锰元素进一步证实, 埋藏流体为深部热液流体或埋藏流体溶蚀了火山物质。准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭—二叠系火山岩受逆冲推覆构造和风化淋滤作用双重影响, 构造裂缝和风化裂缝彼此连通并沟通了深部热液与大气淡水。在火山岩裂缝中形成了兼具大气淡水与深部热液流体特征的方解石充填物。 相似文献
2.
内蒙古克什克腾旗长岭子铅锌矿床是大兴安岭南段新发现的一个矿床,矿体赋存于下二叠统大石寨组海相火山岩建造中,矿体受夕卡岩控制。根据手标本中脉体穿插关系和岩石薄片中观察的矿物共生组合特征,文中将长岭子铅锌矿的成矿过程划分为4个阶段：干夕卡岩阶段、湿夕卡岩磁铁矿阶段、石英硫化物阶段和石英碳酸盐阶段,分别以石榴子石±透辉石±硅灰石、石英+绿帘石+电气石+磁铁矿、石英+黄铁矿±磁黄铁矿±黄铜矿±方铅矿±闪锌矿和石英±方解石的矿物组合为标志。长岭子矿床主要发育水溶液包裹体(W型)和含子矿物多相包裹体(S型),前者可进一步划分为富液相(WL型)和富气相(WV型)两个亚类。干夕卡岩阶段辉石中主要发育S型和WL型包裹体,湿夕卡岩磁铁矿阶段绿帘石和石英中主要发育WL型、WV型和S型包裹体,石英硫化物阶段石英中可见所有类型的包裹体,石英碳酸盐阶段的石英±方解石脉中仅见WL型包裹体。干夕卡岩阶段辉石中流体包裹体的均一温度和盐度分别为387~524 ℃和10.7%~52%(NaCleqv.);湿夕卡岩磁铁矿阶段包裹体均一温度为312~533 ℃,盐度为11.3%~60%(NaCleqv.);石英硫化物阶段包裹体均一温度介于182~329 ℃,盐度介于4.7%~38%(NaCleqv.);石英碳酸盐阶段包裹体均一温度为124~199 ℃,盐度介于3.1%~22.4%(NaCleqv.)。上述矿床地质和成矿流体特征表明长岭子铅锌矿为夕卡岩型矿床。成矿流体经历了自夕卡岩阶段高温、高盐度岩浆热液向石英碳酸盐阶段低温、低盐度大气降水热液的转变。石英硫化物阶段发育沸腾包裹体组合,表明成矿流体发生了沸腾作用,这可能是成矿物质沉淀的主要机制。 相似文献
3.
Bai Guoping John B Keene Department of Geology Geophysics University of Sydney Sydney Australia 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(1)
INTRODUCTIONThe Sydney basin(Fig.1) forms the southernm ost partofthe Sydney- Gunnedah- Bowen basin system (Bembrick et al.,1973) .It started as a rift and evolved into a foreland basin inMiddle Triassic with sediments lapping unconformably on thedeformed and metamorphosed rocks of the L achlan fold belt inthe west and abutting the New England fold belt in thenortheast along the east- dipping Hunter thrust.The Sydneybasin is separated from the Gunnedah basin by the MountCoricudgy an… 相似文献
4.
The Pongkor gold–silver mine is situated at the northeastern flank of the Bayah dome, which is a product of volcanism in the Sunda–Banda Arc. The hydrothermal alteration minerals in the Ciurug–Cikoret area are typical of those formed from acid to near‐neutral pH thermal waters. On the surface, illite/smectite mixed layer mineral (I/Sm), smectite and kaolinite, and spotting illite, I/Sm and K‐feldspar alteration occur at the top of the mineralized zone. Silicification, K‐feldspar and I/Sm zones are commonly formed in the wall rock, and gradually grade outwards into a propylitic zone. The mineralization of precious metal ore zone is constrained by fluid temperatures between 180 and 220°C, and with low salinity (<0.2 wt% NaCl equivalent) and boiling condition. The minimum depth of vein formation below the paleo‐water table is approximately 90–130 m for the hydrostatic column. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope data for quartz and calcite show relatively homogeneous fluid composition (?53 to ?68‰δD and ?5.7 to +0.3‰δ18O H2O). There is no specific trend in the data with respect to the mineralization stages and elevation, which suggests that the ore‐forming fluids did not significantly change spatially during the vein formation. The stable isotope data indicate mixing between the hydrothermal fluids and meteoric water and interaction between the hydrothermal fluids and the host rock. 相似文献
5.
琼西戈枕剪切带中成矿流体演化与金成矿 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
夏勇 《大地构造与成矿学》1996,20(3):220-228
以海南省西部戈枕剪切带控制的土外山、抱板、二甲、不磨等金矿床为例，通过对这些典型金矿床中的石英和方解石所含流体包裹体的镜下观察，均一温度、盐度和成分以及氢、氧同位素的测试，结合成矿地质、构造背景的研究，探讨了含金剪切带中流体的演化特征和流体在金成矿过程中的重要作用。研究结果表明：成矿流体具有混合热液的特点，δ１８Ｏ和δＤ值分别为－１０．４‰～４．７‰和－５０‰～－８７‰；热液成分为Ｎａ＋（Ｋ＋）－Ｃａ２＋－Ｃｌ－（Ｆ－）型；金的成矿温度主要为２４０～２５０℃：成矿流体的盐度ｗ（ＮａＣｌ）为２．０％～９．２％；成矿压力为２７～５０ＭＰａ；成矿流体的性质和成分受到构造演化和构造不同部位特点的控制，在时间上和空间上都有一定的变化，导致了含金剪切带中金成矿作用的发生和不同类型金矿床的形成。 相似文献
6.
Sofia Marah P. Frias Akira Imai Ryohei Takahashi Ma. Ines Rosana Balangue‐Tarriela Carlo Arcilla Nigel Blamey 《Resource Geology》2019,69(4):351-384
The Kay Tanda epithermal Au deposit in Lobo, Batangas is one of the Au deposits situated in the Batangas Mineral District in southern Luzon, Philippines. This study aims to document the geological, alteration, and mineralization characteristics and to determine the age of the mineralization, the mechanism of ore deposition, and the hydrothermal fluid characteristics of the Kay Tanda deposit. The geology of Kay Tanda consists of (i) the Talahib Volcanic Sequence, a Middle Miocene dacitic to andesitic volcaniclastic sequence that served as the host rock of the mineralization; (ii) the Balibago Diorite Complex, a cogenetic intrusive complex intruding the Talahib Volcanic Sequence; (iii) the Calatagan Formation, a Late Miocene to Early Pliocene volcanosedimentary formation unconformably overlying the Talahib Volcanic Sequence; (iv) the Dacite Porphyry Intrusives, which intruded the older lithological units; and (v) the Balibago Andesite, a Pliocene postmineralization volcaniclastic unit. K‐Ar dating on illite collected from the alteration haloes around quartz veins demonstrated that the age of mineralization is around 5.9 ± 0.2 to 5.5 ± 0.2 Ma (Late Miocene). Two main styles of mineralization are identified in Kay Tanda. The first style is an early‐stage extensive epithermal mineralization characterized by stratabound Au‐Ag‐bearing quartz stockworks hosted at the shallower levels of the Talahib Volcanic Sequence. The second style is a late‐stage base metal (Zn, Pb, and Cu) epithermal mineralization with local bonanza‐grade Au mineralization hosted in veins and hydrothermal breccias that are intersected at deeper levels of the Talahib Volcanic Sequence and at the shallower levels of the Balibago Intrusive Complex. Paragenetic studies on the mineralization in Kay Tanda defined six stages of mineralization; the first two belong to the first mineralization style, while the last four belong to the second mineralization style. Stage 1 is composed of quartz ± pyrophyllite ± dickite/kaolinite ± diaspore alteration, which is cut by quartz veins. Stage 2 is composed of Au‐Ag‐bearing quartz stockworks associated with pervasive illite ± quartz ± smectite ± kaolinite alteration. Stage 3 is composed of carbonate veins with minor base metal sulfides. Stage 4 is composed of quartz ± adularia ± calcite veins and hydrothermal breccias, hosting the main base metal and bonanza‐grade Au mineralization, and is associated with chlorite‐illite‐quartz alteration. Stage 5 is composed of epidote‐carbonate veins associated with epidote‐calcite‐chlorite alteration. Stage 6 is composed of anhydrite‐gypsum veins with minor base metal mineralization. The alteration assemblage of the deposit evolved from an acidic mineral assemblage caused by the condensation of magmatic volatiles from the Balibago Intrusive Complex into the groundwater to a slightly acidic mineral assemblage caused by the interaction of the host rocks and the circulating hydrothermal waters being heated up by the Dacite Porphyry Intrusives to a near‐neutral pH toward the later parts of the mineralization. Fluid inclusion microthermometry indicates that the temperature of the system started to increase during Stage 1 (T = 220–250°C) and remained at high temperatures (T = 250–290°C) toward Stage 6 due to the continuous intrusion of Dacite Porphyry Intrusives at depth. Salinity slightly decreased toward the later stages due to the contribution of more meteoric waters into the hydrothermal system. Boiling is considered the main mechanism of ore deposition based on the occurrence of rhombic adularia, the heterogeneous trapping of fluid inclusions of variable liquid–vapor ratios, the distribution of homogenization temperatures, and the gas ratios obtained from the quantitative fluid inclusion gas analysis of quartz. Ore mineral assemblage and sulfur fugacity determined from the FeS content of sphalerite at temperatures estimated by fluid inclusion microthermometry indicate that the base metal mineralization at Kay Tanda evolved from a high sulfidation to an intermediate sulfidation condition. 相似文献
7.
巴斯湖铅锌矿床位于三江多金属成矿带北段的青海省沱沱河地区,M9铅锌矿体赋存于下二叠统九十道班组碎裂蚀变灰岩和泥晶灰岩中,主控矿构造为切割地层的NWW向断裂构造。成矿过程分为石英-黄铁矿阶段（Ⅰ）、石英-重晶石-多金属硫化物阶段（Ⅱ）和碳酸盐-石英阶段（Ⅲ）3个阶段。成矿流体包裹体以气液两相为主,成矿Ⅰ阶段均一温度为315.1~365.9℃,盐度（w（NaCl））为8.81%~11.46%;成矿Ⅱ阶段均一温度为231.1~294.3℃,盐度为4.80%~10.49%;成矿Ⅲ阶段均一温度为155.1~233.7℃,盐度为2.41%~6.88%。成矿流体为典型的中温、低盐度流体,均一温度和盐度从成矿早期到晚期逐渐降低。H-O同位素数据显示成矿流体为岩浆水和大气水的混合水,早期主要为岩浆水,晚期有大气降水的混入;S同位素数据显示成矿物质来源与新生代深部钾质岩浆活动有关。巴斯湖铅锌矿床M9矿体成因类型为中温热液脉型,形成于印度-欧亚板块晚碰撞造山作用引起的伸展环境。 相似文献
8.
安徽铜陵焦冲金矿床位于长江中下游铁铜金银铅锌成矿带铜陵矿集区内,矿体主要赋存在下二叠统栖霞组(P1q)灰岩中。根据野外地质特征及含矿组合,将矿床划分为3个成矿阶段:黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-硫化物阶段和石英-方解石阶段。笔者对该矿床不同成矿阶段石英和方解石进行了详细的岩相学观察和显微测温研究。结果表明,该矿床的均一温度区间分别为410~440 ℃、320~350 ℃和260~320 ℃。显示早期的黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-硫化物阶段,直到晚期的石英-方解石阶段均一温度呈现逐渐减低的趋势。根据公式计算矿床成矿深度约1.5 km,成矿压力400×105 Pa。流体沸腾作用是金属硫化物大量沉淀的主要机制。 相似文献
9.
Thoroughgoing studies of the homogenization temperatures, pressures and chemical compositions of fluid inclusions and the
stable isotopes of hydrothermal minerals (quartz, calcite, pyrite and molybdenite) have thrown light on the evolution trend
of the molybdenum-bearing hydrothermal system which originated from magmatic processes and underwent significant mixing with
meteoric waters in the later stages of hydrothermal activity. 相似文献
10.
11.
The Upper Red Formation (URF) comprises over 1–5 km of late Miocene siliciclastic sediments in the Central Iran Basin. The formation is dominated by volcaniclastic conglomerates and arenites. The prevailing arid conditions during most of the basin's history resulted in deposition of predominantly organic‐poor, red sediments with gypsum and zeolites. This investigation concentrates on the mineralogy and geochemistry of the URF in the southern and northern margins of the basin where the formation was buried to depths of 2.4 and 6.6 km, respectively. Fine fraction mineral separates from the southern margin consist of nearly pure smectite and zeolites at a depth of 400 m and smectite with minor quartz and calcite at 1800 m. Shallow samples (1350 m) from the northern section are rich in smectite, illite/smectite with some discrete illite and chlorite. This assemblage is progressively replaced by discrete illite and chlorite with increasing burial depth so that only these two minerals are found at depths greater than 4300 m. The initial alteration process involved replacement of glass and volcanic lithics by smectite and zeolites in both margins of the basin. Increased depth of burial in the northern margin resulted in the progressive isochemical alteration of smectite to discrete illite and chlorite. Diagenesis of clay assemblages occurred essentially in a closed system. Solute products of glass hydrolysis reactions were retained in highly alkaline, saline ground waters from which zeolites, carbonates and oxides precipitated as cements. It is unlikely that these sediments were ever significantly leached by meteoric waters or by organic acids generated during burial diagenesis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
Three types of chemically and isotopically distinct pore fluids from the southern San Joaquin basin previously recognized by J.B. Fisher and J.R. Boles also have distinctive 87Sr/86Sr ratios and Sr concentrations. Meteoric fluids have stable isotopic compositions which lie on or near the meteoric water line and low chlorinities. Sr concentrations are between 0.01 and 2.6 mg l−1, and 87Sr/86Sr ratios range from 0.7061 to 0.7078. Diagenetically modified connate marine fluids have δD-and δ18O-values more positive than −35‰ and 0‰, respectively, and have chlorinities generally comparable to seawater. Sr concentration are much higher than the meteoric group (16–198 mg l−1), although the 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7070–0.7081) are not distinctive. Mixed meteoric-modified connate fluids have δD, δ18O and chlorinity intermediate between the meteoric and modified connate groups. Sr concentrations are also intermediate, between 16 and 22 mg l−1, but 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7080–0.7087) are generally more radiogenic than either the meteoric or modified connate groups.
All of the fluids have 87Sr/86Sr ratios comparable to or lower than Tertiary seawater. Alteration of detrital plagioclase is the probable origin of the low isotopic ratios. Mass-balance calculations based on the Sr data suggest that essentially no transport of Sr occurred during diagenesis of sandstones containing modified connate pore fluids, while large amounts of Sr have been transported out of meteoric reservoirs by fluid flow. The chemically anomalous mixed meteoric-modified connate fluids contain the most radiogenic strontium in the basin. These fluids are spatially associated with major faults, and may represent clay mineral dehydration waters which have been transported upward from greater depth.
These results suggest that the three types of fluids identified by Fisher and Boles represent three distinct mass transport regimes: a largely stagnant deep-basin system containing modified connate pore fluids; an actively recharging meteoric system along the basin flanks; and a third system restricted to the southern basin which may be characterized by largescale cross-formational fluid flow, rather than dilution by meteoric waters. 相似文献
13.
通过对大水金矿时空分布及元素地球化学特征的分析研究,探讨了地幔流体参与大水金矿床成矿的可能性。大水金矿属于川甘陕＂金三角＂矿集区的一个组成部分,在时空分布上受深大断裂、壳幔混合源岩浆岩的控制,是西秦岭地区勘查发现的大型金矿床之一。研究表明,矿石及贯穿于整个成矿过程中的方解石脉的稀土配分模式总体具相对富集轻稀土的特征。流体包裹体显微测温显示矿床的成矿温度范围为105℃-400℃。包裹体（方解石）气相成分主要为CO2和H2O,液相成分中阳离子以K^＋为主,Na^＋次之;阴离子以SO4^2-为主,Cl^-次之。矿物黄铁矿的δ^34S为-1.8‰-＋4.1‰,平均值＋2.4‰,反映成矿流体中硫部分来源于地幔。热液方解石的碳、氢、氧同位素组成反映成矿流体既有来自地幔的流体,也有来自岩浆岩、地层的流体,还有明显大气降水的加入。硅化灰岩矿石及硅质岩矿石的硅同位素组成具深部或岩浆热液和热水来源的特点,其氧同位素组成具火成石英来源的特点。矿石铅与矿区岩石铅（灰岩和脉岩）的铅同位素组成比较相近,在铅同位素构造模式图及Δγ-Δβ成因分类图解中,铅属壳幔混合铅。综上可知,矿床在成矿作用过程中存在地幔流体活动。 相似文献
14.
川西北马脑壳金矿床成矿流体地球化学特征与性质 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
马脑壳金矿床是20世纪80年代末期在川西北地区发现的一大型微细浸染型矿床，它赋存于中三叠统扎尕山组地层之中，矿体产出受北西向次级断裂构造的控制。矿床的形成经历了成矿前金初步富集、热液成矿作用－原生矿石形成及麦生氧化－金次生再富集第三期主要成矿作用过程。热液金成矿作用可进一步划分为（1）黄铁矿－毒砂－石英；（Ⅱ）石英－（白钨矿）－辉锑矿；（Ⅲ）石英－雄（雌）黄及（Ⅳ）石英－方解石等4个矿化阶段，其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段为金的主要沉淀富成矿阶段。系统的流体包裹体研究表明，成矿前（Ⅰ′）及热液成矿Ⅰ－Ⅳ阶段石英中共发育液相、纯液相、含CO2三相、富CO2相及含有机质等5种类型的原生流体包裹体。测温结果显示，Ⅰ′及Ⅰ-Ⅳ类石英中液相及含CO2三相包裹体均一温度为120－300℃，热液盐度为0．5％－11．0％；包裹体成分分析结果表明，热液阳离子以Na^ 、K^ 及Ca^2 为主，阴离子主要为HCO3^-及CI^-，气相组分除H2O外，尚含一定量的CO2及CH4等；热液pH值为6．7－72，Eh值为－0．85～0.69eV；成矿热液总体属中低温、低盐度、近中性和弱还原性的含有机质Na^ -K^ -Ca^2 -HCO3^--CI^-体系类型。H、O同位素研究结果表明，成矿前热液主要来源于变质水和地层建造水，成矿期以来大气降水不断 混入并逐步占据优势。主成矿阶段成矿热液发生过明显的注体混合相分离作用，对金的沉淀富集成矿起了重要作用。 相似文献
15.
西藏拉屋铜多金属矿床产于冈底斯构造岩浆成矿带的申扎—旁多铜-银-铅-锌-金成矿亚带内。分别对干矽卡岩阶段(Ⅰ)的石榴石、早期硫化物阶段(Ⅲ)的石英和晚期硫化物阶段(Ⅳ)的方解石中的流体包裹体进行岩相学观察和显微测温研究,研究表明成矿各阶段热液矿物中的流体包裹体主要为气液水两相包裹体,其次为纯液相水包裹体,偶见气液两相甲烷包裹体,石英中也有大量的含NaCl子矿物多相包裹体,其均一温度变化于95～476℃之间,盐度介于1.57%～37.33%,密度变化于0.68～1.23 g/cm3,总体属中-高温、中-高盐度、中等密度的体系;据此计算的成矿压力范围为24.63～133.61 MPa,成矿深度介于2.46～9.64 km,表明该矿床形成于中深成矿环境。不同成矿阶段流体包裹体研究数据表明,该矿床的成矿作用是一个温度、盐度和压力总体显著降低(减小)、密度略渐增大的过程。氢、氧同位素研究表明,成矿流体在主成矿阶段主要为初始混合岩浆水,随着成矿作用进行,大气降水大量加入,到晚期阶段成矿流体逐渐演化成大气降水。成矿流体在Ⅲ阶段(主成矿阶段)发生了沸腾作用,导致成矿元素沉淀形成矿体。因此认为沸腾作用可能是该矿床金属沉淀的主要机制。 相似文献
16.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2022,82(4):125918
Calcite veins hosted in the Triassic Stockton, Lockatong and Passaic formations of the Newark Basin are investigated to reconstruct the fluid evolution. To constrain the parameters of calcite precipitation, a microthermometry study was carried, which reveals precipitation of calcite from a low to moderate saline H2O-NaCl fluid (0.4 to 13.2 wt% NaCl equiv.) under low to moderate hydrothermal (137 °C to 232 °C) conditions. This fluid composition is interpreted to reflect mixing between a deep basement-derived heated diluted fluid and relatively low to moderate saline diagenetic formation waters hosted in the different Triassic formations. Carbon and strontium isotope analysis on the vein calcites suggests that these elements are derived from the pre-Triassic basement and the sedimentary cover through fluid-rock interactions. The aforementioned geochemical findings are supported by Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium (REY) systematics and oxygen isotope data.The Late Triassic extensional activity and gravity-driven fluid flow mechanism facilitated the infiltration of meteoric waters to deeper lithostratigraphic units (i.e., Precambrian-Paleozoic basement-Triassic Stockton Formation) where they became heated. In response to the extensional tectonics, the deep-seated hydrothermal basement-derived diluted fluids migrated upward along the tectonic-related fractures and the major faults to upper shallow crustal levels. Here, the heated, diluted meteoric waters were mixed with low, moderately saline, and relatively cooler formation waters, leading to calcite precipitation. The pH increase is suggested to be a contributing factor in the precipitation of calcite. 相似文献
17.
塔河油田溶洞巨晶方解石充填物的微量元素、碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学和流体包裹体的对比研究表明,不同井位巨晶方解石可能来源于不同的流体体系。T417井和S76井鹰山组、T904井一间房组及TS1井丘里塔格组溶洞巨晶方解石样品具有富U、高V/Cr特征,且均一温度主要分布于148.9～169.9℃,相对围岩所经历最高温度约20℃,反映为还原性的热液流体体系,该流体具有高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr及低δ~(18)O的特征。T904井良里塔格组巨晶方解石具有贫U、低V/Cr及均一温度较低的特征(75～81℃),反映为富氧低温流体体系,结合样品的高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr及低δ~(18)O特征,可以推测该低温流体可能为大气水来源。热液流体与大气淡水的运移受断层、裂缝和不整合面等因素控制,从而使得不同井位、层位的巨晶方解石沉淀时具有不同的流体成分与温度特征。 相似文献
18.
J. N. Andrews M. J. Youngman J. E. Goldbrunner W. G. Darling 《Environmental Geology》1987,10(1):43-57
The geochemistry of formation waters in the Molasse basin of Upper Austria has been investigated to ascertain the extent of
meteoric water replacement of the connate interstitial fluids in these sediments. The chemistry, isotopic composition, and
dissolved gas contents of the groundwaters and of oil and gas associated brines have been determined. The most superficial
sediments of the basin, the Innviertel (Miocene), have been completely flushed by meteoric waters within the last 200 ka.
The underlying Hall and Puchkirchen formations (Miocene/Oligocene) form gas reservoirs for biogenic methane, and the associated
formation waters are chemically and isotopically modified connate brines of the original marine deposition. In the northeastern
part of the basin, the connate brines of the deeper sediments (Cretaceous/Jurassic) have been partially or completely replaced
by meteoric waters, whereas in the south of the basin these sediments contain high salinity fluids which are substantially
of connate origin. These conclusions are supported by the stable isotope composition of the various brines. Oil-associated
brines from the Eocene sediments contain large amounts of dissolved radiogenic40Ar, which suggests that the oils have migrated from high-temperature environments. This is in contrast with the Puchkirchen,
for which the observed absence of radiogenic40Ar suggests that the biogenic methane has been formed in situ. The4He contents of these brines and of the Cretaceous/Jurassic groundwaters are, however, less than those in the overlying Puchkirchen
formation and suggest that He has been removed from the deeper sediments as a result of flushing by meteoric water. The ratios
of dissolved methane and nitrogen to argon increase with increasing ammonium content of the formation waters. All of these
parameters may be used as indices for the maturation of the system. The heavy noble gases, Kr and Xe, are abnormally abundant
in the dissolved gases, and this is attributed to geochemical concentration of these gases by adsorption onto shales in the
sediment sequence. The overall geochemical situation confirms the existence of separate hydraulic systems with little interconnection
in the several overlying geological horizons. 相似文献
19.
湖南东坡柴山-蛇形坪一带铅锌矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
东坡柴山-蛇形坪一带铅锌矿床位于千里山岩体西南侧的远接触带上,由脉状、柱状和席状的铅锌矿体组成,在矿体周围明显发生碳酸盐化和硅化作用。该带矿床中闪锌矿、萤石、石英和方解石内流体包裹体类型主要包括富液相包裹体、富气相包裹体和含子矿物包裹体;其流体包裹体的均一温度范围为140~395℃,在350℃、240~260℃和200~220℃处分别出现峰值,反映该期热液流体在形成脉状、柱状铅锌矿体过程中可能包含了不同的捕获事件,其中方解石内出现的气体包裹体同与其共生的液体包裹体的均一温度相近,两者均一温度范围主要集中在268~395℃,峰值为350℃,液相包裹体w(NaCleq)范围为9%~11%,表明流体发生过气液相分离的沸腾作用;闪锌矿、萤石、石英和方解石中流体包裹体w(NaCleq)范围为0~23%,峰值9%~10%。流体包裹体的均一温度和盐度特征与岩浆热液流体演化到裂隙阶段静水压力条件下的流体相近。闪锌矿中流体包裹体内存在方解石和白云石子矿物,表明铅锌矿的成矿作用发生在富集碳酸盐的热液流体中。千里山花岗岩体晚期释放的流体沿着不同的通道上升,当它冷却到低于400℃,这些地区产生了脆性裂隙,流体沿着裂隙继续上升,并且发生沸腾作用,因此,温度在340~400℃时,w(NaCleq)为7%左右的流体分成了w(NaCleq)约10%的液相流体和w(NaCleq)约0.02%的气相流体,由于温度和压力的迅速降低,成矿物质沿着裂隙和空洞沉淀成矿,形成了东坡矿区的脉状、柱状和席状的铅锌矿体。 相似文献
20.
鄂尔多斯盆地流体动力学过程及其砂岩型铀矿化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鄂尔多斯盆地是我国重要能源基地,近年来砂岩型铀矿勘查进展明显。盆地形成演化中的流体动力学及其铀矿化是能源矿产勘查的基础依据,因而备受关注。运用Basin2TM软件数值模拟了鄂尔多斯盆地构造-沉积过程中流体的温度场、压力场、流动方向、流动速率和地热梯度等。伴随盆地的形成和演化,沉积体内流体温度和压力不断增高,流动逐步定向,速率逐渐增大,早白垩世盆地流体的温度达250℃,压力至(700~800)×101.33kPa,地热梯度38.3℃/km,并从盆地中西部沉降中心沿东部斜坡向盆地东部边缘大规模长距离渗出流动,它是砂岩型铀矿化主体在盆地边部形成的重要机制。盆地流体在砂岩中发生铀矿化时,伴随大量方解石蚀变矿物的形成,其δ13CV-PDB变化于-2.7‰~-14.0‰,δ18OV-SMOW介于18.4‰~20.0‰,反映铀矿化盆地流体中CO32-类或CO2主要是沉积有机质脱羟基产物,少部分为海相碳酸盐岩溶解产物,盆地流体中碳酸铀酰是铀元素的主要存在形式。铀矿化低温蚀变成因高岭石的δ18OV-SMOW介于12.6‰~13.7‰,流体包裹体的δDV-SMOW变化于-116‰~-133‰,H、O同位素组成指示盆地流体是经中生界沉积演化的大气降水,具有沉积建造水的性质。环盆地边部是砂岩型铀矿的重要找矿方向。 相似文献