共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(4):100179
In this study, A time-domain seismic response analysis method and a calculation model of the underground structure that can realize the input of seismic P, SV and Rayleigh waves are established, based on the viscoelastic artificial boundary elements and the boundary substructure method for seismic wave input. After verifying the calculation accuracy, a comparative study on seismic response of a shallow-buried, double-deck, double-span subway station structure under incident P, SV and Rayleigh waves is conducted. The research results show that there are certain differences in the cross-sectional internal force distribution characteristics of underground structures under different types of seismic waves. The research results show that there are certain differences in the internal force distribution characteristics of underground structures under different types of seismic waves. At the bottom of the side wall, the top and bottom of the center pillar of the underground structure, the section bending moments of the underground structure under the incidences of SV wave and Rayleigh wave are relatively close, and are significantly larger than the calculation result under the incidence of P wave. At the center of the side wall and the top floor of the structure, the peak value of the cross-sectional internal force under the incident Rayleigh wave is larger than the calculation result under SV wave. In addition, the floor of the underground structure under Rayleigh waves vibrates in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and the magnification effect in the vertical direction is more significant. Considering that the current seismic research of underground structures mainly considers the effect of body waves such as the shear waves, sufficient attention should be paid to the incidence of Rayleigh waves in the future seismic design of shallow underground structures. 相似文献
2.
Based on the results of instrumental observations of geomagnetic variations caused by the propagation of seismic waves through a fault zone, the dependences between the amplitudes of the induced seismomagnetic effect and seismic signal as a function of distance r to the midline of the fault are obtained. For the first time, it is shown that the amplitude of the seismomagnetic effect is maximal in the fault damage zone. The phenomenological model describing the generation of magnetic signals by seismic waves propagating through the crushed rock in the tectonic fault zone is suggested. It is assumed that geomagnetic variations are generated by the changes in the electrical conductivity of the fragmented rocks as a result of the deformation of the rock pieces contacts. The amplitudes of the geomagnetic variations calculated from the model agree with the instrumental observations. 相似文献
3.
基于应用透射人工边界条件的显式有限元法计算断层破碎带宽度及力学参数变化、地震动入射角变化时二维断层场地模型P波入射下地表地震动场的分布。结果表明:(1)低速度破碎带的存在导致整个场地都有P波转换为SV波的分量,且在断层破碎带的区域出现断层陷波;(2)低速度破碎带的存在使输入场地恒定的能量向破碎带集聚放大,随着破碎带宽度增大或其介质波速降低集聚放大效应增大;(3)场地放大效应是频率相关的,宽度较宽或介质波速较低的断层破碎带对输入地震动中较低的频率成份放大显著;(4)竖向断层破碎带能阻隔斜入射地震P波,随着入射角增加隔震效应更显著。 相似文献
4.
地震动入射角度对地下结构地震响应的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考虑土-结构接触面效应和场地初始静应力影响,基于大型商用有限元软件ANSYS和粘弹性人工边界条件,采用动力松弛法的分析思路,建立了一种地震动斜入射条件下地下结构的接触非线性动力反应分析模型和方法,并讨论了地震动入射角度对地下结构动力反应的影响。结果表明：地震波斜入射使得结构的整体反应发生明显变化;随着入射角度的增加,节点的水平向应力反应明显增大,竖向应力峰值较小,增大程度也相对较小;节点的位移峰值随输入加速度峰值的增大也有一定的变化。因此,在分析近源地震作用下的地下结构动力响应时,需要考虑地震动的非一致输入问题。 相似文献
5.
Although it is believed that natural fracture sets predominantly have near‐vertical orientation, oblique stresses and some other mechanisms may tilt fractures away from the vertical. Here, we examine an effective medium produced by a single system of obliquely dipping rotationally invariant fractures embedded in a transversely isotropic with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI) background rock. This model is monoclinic with a vertical symmetry plane that coincides with the dip plane of the fractures. Multicomponent seismic data acquired over such a medium possess several distinct features that make it possible to estimate the fracture orientation. For example, the vertically propagating fast shear wave (and the fast converted PS‐wave) is typically polarized in the direction of the fracture strike. The normal‐moveout (NMO) ellipses of horizontal reflection events are co‐orientated with the dip and strike directions of the fractures, which provides an independent estimate of the fracture azimuth. However, the polarization vector of the slow shear wave at vertical incidence does not lie in the horizontal plane – an unusual phenomenon that can be used to evaluate fracture dip. Also, for oblique fractures the shear‐wave splitting coefficient at vertical incidence becomes dependent on fracture infill (saturation). A complete medium‐characterization procedure includes estimating the fracture compliances and orientation (dip and azimuth), as well as the Thomsen parameters of the VTI background. We demonstrate that both the fracture and background parameters can be obtained from multicomponent wide‐azimuth data using the vertical velocities and NMO ellipses of PP‐waves and two split SS‐waves (or the traveltimes of PS‐waves) reflected from horizontal interfaces. Numerical tests corroborate the accuracy and stability of the inversion algorithm based on the exact expressions for the vertical and NMO velocities. 相似文献
6.
地震波对乌鲁木齐河谷地下管线的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据乌鲁木齐河谷的1~3级阶地和地层岩性,分析了在地震波作用下地基土层剧烈复杂振动对地下管线的影响,表明场地内地质构造、地形条件的特殊性加重了地震灾害。通过乌鲁木齐河谷的天然气钢结构管道地震应力计算,讨论了地震波对地下管道的应力作用,其大小主要由表层土体产生的变形或应变决定。提出了建设乌鲁木齐市河滩路地下管线公用隧道工程建议,这是保护地下管线的有效方案。 相似文献
7.
8.
架空管道由于地震波传递、地震动衰减以及场地不均匀产生各支撑点地震动差异,为了研究这种差异对架空管道地震响应的影响,通过有限元软件ADINA建立架空管道有限元模型,利用MATLAB软件编写具有相干效应的人工地震波,计算分析了多点地震动相干函数法输入、行波输入与一致输入下地震响应。结果表明:①随着视波速的增加管道轴向应变变小,有接近一致激励情况的趋势;②同一相干函数模型,考虑和忽略场地效应,管道轴向应变最大值存在差异;不同相干函数模型,管道轴向应变最大值也存在差异。结论认为,如果场地比较均匀且管段较短,可采用行波法进行地震输入;长柔管道应采用相干法进行地震响应分析,场地不均匀的长柔管道,应同时考虑场地效应。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
非线性土层地震反应分析的一种方法 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
本文利用作者给出的土的剪切动力本构关系的动态骨架曲线模型,结合显式差分数值逐步积分方法,给出了一种分析非线性土层地震反应的方法。反应计算中,地震效应视为基底剪切波垂直入射,且考虑了上部土层中能量向弹性基底辐射的效应。文章最后给出了本方法应用的一个算例,并给出了相应的等效线性化方法的计算结果。 相似文献
12.
Cristina Medina Guillermo M. Álamo Juan J. Aznárez Luis A. Padrón Orlando Maeso 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(7):772-791
Although the seismic actions generally consist of a combination of waves, which propagates with an angle of incidence not necessarily vertical, the common practice when analyzing the dynamic behavior of pile groups is based on the assumption of vertically incident wave fields. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the angle of incidence of SV waves affects the dynamic response of pile foundations and piled structures. A three-dimensional boundary element-finite element coupling formulation is used to compute impedances and kinematic interaction factors corresponding to several configurations of vertical pile groups embedded in an isotropic homogeneous linear viscoelastic half-space. These results, which are provided in ready-to-use dimensionless graphs, are used to determine the effective dynamic properties of an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom oscillator that reproduces, within the range where the peak response occurs, the response of slender and nonslender superstructures through a procedure based on a substructuring model. Results are expressed in terms of effective flexible-base period and damping as well as maximum shear force at the base of the structure. The relevance and main trends observed in the influence of the wavefront angle of incidence on the dynamic behavior of the superstructure are inferred from the presented results. It is found that effective damping is significantly affected by the variations of the wave angle of incidence. Furthermore, it comes out that the vertical incidence is not always the worst-case scenario. 相似文献
13.
Fluid flow in many hydrocarbon reservoirs is controlled by aligned fractures which make the medium anisotropic on the scale of seismic wavelength. Applying the linear‐slip theory, we investigate seismic signatures of the effective medium produced by a single set of ‘general’ vertical fractures embedded in a purely isotropic host rock. The generality of our fracture model means the allowance for coupling between the normal (to the fracture plane) stress and the tangential jump in displacement (and vice versa). Despite its low (triclinic) symmetry, the medium is described by just nine independent effective parameters and possesses several distinct features which help to identify the physical model and estimate the fracture compliances and background velocities. For example, the polarization vector of the vertically propagating fast shear wave S1 and the semi‐major axis of the S1‐wave normal‐moveout (NMO) ellipse from a horizontal reflector always point in the direction of the fracture strike. Moreover, for the S1‐wave both the vertical velocity and the NMO velocity along the fractures are equal to the shear‐wave velocity in the host rock. Analysis of seismic signatures in the limit of small fracture weaknesses allows us to select the input data needed for unambiguous fracture characterization. The fracture and background parameters can be estimated using the NMO ellipses from horizontal reflectors and vertical velocities of P‐waves and two split S‐waves, combined with a portion of the P‐wave slowness surface reconstructed from multi‐azimuth walkaway vertical seismic profiling (VSP) data. The stability of the parameter‐estimation procedure is verified by performing non‐linear inversion based on the exact equations. 相似文献
14.
Abstract A multi-offset hydrophone vertical seismic profiling (VSP) experiment was done in a 747 m deep borehole at Nojima Hirabayashi, Hyogo prefecture, Japan. The borehole was drilled to penetrate the Nojima Fault, which was active in the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. The purpose of the hydrophone VSP is to detect subsurface permeable fractures and permeable zones and, in the present case, to estimate the permeability of the Nojima Fault. The analysis was based on a model by which tube waves are generated when incident P-waves compress the permeable fractures (or permeable zones) intersecting the borehole and a fluid in the fracture is injected into the borehole. Permeable fractures (or permeable zones) are detected at the depths of tube wave generation, and fracture permeability is calculated from the amplitude ratio of tube wave to incident P-wave. Several generations of tube waves were detected from the VSP sections. Distinct tube waves were generated at depths of the fault zone that are characterized by altered and deformed granodiorite with a fault gouge, suggesting that permeable fractures and permeable zones exist in the fault zone. Tube wave analysis shows that the permeability of the fault gouge from 624 m to 625 m is estimated to be approximately 2 × 10−12 m2 . 相似文献
15.
Nicos Makris 《地震工程与结构动力学》1994,23(2):153-167
A simple analytical solution is presented to calculate the single-pile response when excited by the passage of Rayleigh seismic waves. Closed-form expressions for the horizontal and vertical displacement distributions are presented for piles with finite or infinite length. The analytical results for both free-head and fixed-head piles are obtained through a dynamic Winkler model, with realistic frequency-dependent ‘springs’ and ‘dashpots’. The results of the presented method are in excellent agreement with results of a rigorous solution. It is shown that in vertical motion, the differences between pile and soil displacements are far more significant than in horizontal motion, and therefore, further work is needed to investigate the importance of pile-soil-pile interaction (group effects), because of the vertical component of Rayleigh seismic waves. 相似文献
16.
17.
由 P 波初动符号资料在 DJS-6机上计算了主震及17个较大余震的断层面解,并按照有限移动源模式测定了主震及三个最大余震的震源参数.主震是发生在一个近似直立的右旋走滑断层上,走向 N30°E,破裂方式为不对称的双侧破裂,以2.7公里/秒的平均速度向北东传播70公里,向南西传播45公里.测定的主震震源参数例如平均位错136厘米,地震矩1.24×1027达因·厘米,应力降12巴等.大多数ML>5.0的余震是发生在主破裂面附近及主破裂面两端的扩展分支上,该扩展分支位于膨胀符号区并与主破裂偏离80°左右.较大余震的多数亦集中在这两个扩展分支上.本文试图从理论上分析这种断裂扩展的力学特征.对于脆性材料的复合变形情形,破裂不再沿原来平面扩展,而是与原来平面偏离一个角度的另一面内扩展.并提出一个力学模型,计算了断层扩展角,计算结果与观测事实比较吻合.根据以上结果,本文讨论了唐山地震特点及发生的力学条件,认为唐山地震不同于发生在大断层上能用粘滑机制解释的那类地震,它和海城地震类似的是,除水平应力场作用外,还可能有地下物质的变迁,由于这种变迁使局部地壳受到垂直力.它和海城地震不同的是,它发生在一个比较均匀的脆性介质内,因而能够积累能量发生大震而没有前震. 相似文献
18.
易损性分析是评估不同强度地震作用下混凝土重力坝各级破坏概率的有效方法。目前重力坝易损性分析通常假定地震波为垂直入射,然而在近断层区域,地震波往往是倾斜入射的,地震波斜入射对重力坝地震响应有显著影响。从太平洋地震工程研究中心数据库选取16条地震动记录,采用黏弹性人工边界结合等效节点荷载实现SV波斜入射波动输入。采用增量动力分析方法对地震动峰值加速度进行调幅,以印度Koyna混凝土重力坝为研究对象,以坝顶相对位移为抗震性能指标,建立SV波斜入射下重力坝不同震损等级的易损性曲线。结果表明,与垂直入射相比,相同震损等级和相同地震动强度下,斜入射时重力坝破坏概率减小;当PGA接近重力坝实际遭受的地震动强度时,入射角为15°和30°时破坏概率与垂直入射相比最大减小率分别为27.3%和68.2%;各地震强度下,15°和30°斜入射相对于垂直入射的破坏概率差异值最大分别达36.6%、83.9%。因此,混凝土重力坝抗震性能分析应考虑地震波斜入射的影响。研究结果也可为近断层区域混凝土重力坝安全风险评估提供参考。 相似文献
19.
裂缝诱导的双相具有水平对称轴的横向各向同性(HTI)介质模型是由一组平行排列的垂直裂缝嵌入到统计各向同性的流体饱和多孔隙岩石中而组成的,它综合考虑了裂缝型储层岩石的各向异性和孔隙性.高精度的地震波场数值模拟技术是研究该介质中地震波传播规律的主要方法.本文结合错格伪谱法和时间分裂法,求解描述该介质中地震波传播的一阶速度-应力方程.模拟了单层和双层模型中的地震波场,并对其进行了特征分析.研究结果表明:错格伪谱法能有效消除标准网格伪谱法波场模拟结果中出现的数值伪影现象,与时间分裂法结合能够获得稳定的、高精度的模拟结果;裂缝诱导双相HTI介质中的地震波场兼具裂缝各向异性介质和双相介质中传播的地震波的波场特征. 相似文献
20.
黏弹性人工边界以其概念清晰,稳定性高,精度良好的优点,在地下结构抗震的研究中已经得到了较为广泛的应用。在使用黏弹性边界进行地震动的输入时,需要把地震波转化为模型网格节点上的等效节点力,这个过程就要涉及到波场分解的问题。波场分解的方式可以不同,但不同的波场分解方式会得出精度不同的计算结果,而学界目前尚未就此达成一致。本文在前人研究的基础上,总结了3种地震波斜入射的波场分解方法,编制了相应的Python脚本来实现黏弹性边界和等效节点力的批量施加,并且以不同角度的地震波斜入射为例在同一有限元模型中计算以进行比较研究。结果表明计算精度与波场分解的方式密切相关:在模型边界上考虑的自由场波动叠加越完整,计算结果越精确。 相似文献