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1.
The cooling history of Hercynian calc-alkalic, post-kinematic plutonic intrusions of the Montnegre massif (NE Spain) has been determined by 40Ar/39Ar analysis of two hornblendes, four biotites and eight K-feldspars (Kfs). The hornblendes have 40Ar/39Ar total fusion ages of 291Dž Ma and define the magmatic cooling of the basic and oldest structural intrusions. The biotites from the acid and intermediate rocks have 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 285Dž Ma, which date cooling of the intrusions through argon closure in biotite. The 40Ar/39Ar ages of the K-feldspars vary widely, ranging from 276-191 Ma. A correlation between K-feldspar 40Ar/39Ar total fusion age and several other features such as structural state, microstructures indicated by obliquity and, to some degree, optically visible perthites, is consistent with post-crystallisation partial argon loss in the K-feldspars. The 'D values of the biotites also correlate with age and chlorite contents, but this is not so for the '18O values of either feldspar or quartz. We infer that most microtextural changes occurred during cooling of the batholith, but a possibly Mesozoic, late disturbing hydrothermal event of weak intensity and with only minor fluid circulation must have occurred. This event provoked significant argon loss in the most structurally complex K-feldspars and is recorded in the hydrogen, but not oxygen, isotope data.  相似文献   

2.
胶西北东季金矿床钾长石和石英的Ar-Ar年龄及其意义   总被引：25，自引：3，他引：25  
东季金矿床位于焦家_新城金矿带中 ,其围岩蚀变以钾长石化为特征。作者采用Ar_Ar同位素定年方法对东季金矿床矿脉中的石英及其两侧的蚀变钾长石进行了测试 ,获得钾长石Ar_Ar坪年龄为 (116 .0 7± 0 .30 )Ma ,等时线年龄为 (116 .34± 0 .81)Ma ,石英脉中石英Ar_Ar坪年龄为 (115 .2 2± 0 .2 0 )Ma ,等时线年龄为(114.44± 0 .16 )Ma。这些年龄基本上代表了焦家断裂成矿带的成矿时限。  相似文献   

3.
Chaotically structured diamictite from the inner ring syncline surrounding the central uplift of the Woodleigh impact structure contains shocked metamorphic and impact melt-rock fragments, largely derived from Ordovician and Devonian target sandstones. Coarse illite fractions (<2 m) from the sandstones containing no K-feldspar yield K–Ar ages of around 400 Ma, whereas the K–Ar ages of authigenic clays of >0.2 m fractions from the diamictite without smectite and K-feldspar cluster around 360 Ma, consistent with Rb–Sr data. Crystallisation of newly formed illite in the impact melt rock clasts and recrystallisation of earlier formed illite in the sandstone clasts preserved in the diamictite, are attributed to impact-induced hydrothermal processes in the Late Devonian. The illitic clays from the diamictite and from the sandstones have very similar trace element compositions, with significantly enriched incompatible lithophile elements, which increase in concentrations correlatively with those of the compatible ferromagnesian elements. The unusual trace element associations in the clays may be due to the involvement of hot gravity-driven basinal fluids that interacted with rocks of the Precambrian craton to the east of the study area, or with such material transported and reworked in the studied sedimentary succession.  相似文献   

4.
油气成藏过程中的同位素测年方法评述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文
笔者对国内外同位素测定年在确定油气成藏方面的应用现状进行评述的基础上,重点分析了K-Ar法,Ar-Ar法,U-Pb法,Rb-Sr法等方法所存在的问题,认为自生伊利石40Ar-39Ar法在不断克服技术难题之后,仍是油气成藏年代学不可缺少的重要手段;激光微区探针40Ar-39Ar法与流体包裹体技术相结合,是油气多期成藏40Ar-39Ar年代学研究取得成功的突破点;利用沥青和干酪根中微量金属U-Pb,Pb-Pb,Rb-Sr,Sm-Nd和Re-Os体系的同位素分析方法获得油气生成、运移的年龄,是成熟的放射性同位素方法在石油地质学中的应用;晶洞充填物U-Pb测年,可能是碳酸盐岩储层油气成藏年代学研究又一新的突破点.  相似文献   

5.
钾长石K—Ar定年若干问题的讨论   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
现有的测试数据反映,钾长石在K—Ar定年中存在很多问题,最常见的情况是年龄值偏年轻,有时也出现比共存矿物年龄偏老的情况。钾长石在实验过程中不完全释氩是造成年龄值偏年轻的原因之一,对此前人已经提出几个解决方案,但在实际应用中都不够完善。钾长石的封闭温度低（130～150℃）是放射成因氩丢失的最主要因素,个别情况下也出现捕获围岩中的放射成因氩,从而出现过剩氩。低温钾长石（如冰长石）的氩保存能力和结构有关系,通常情况下随着三斜度的升高所保存的放射成因氩会相应减少。不同地质环境中产出的钾长石在K—Ar定年中适用性有所不同,侵入岩中的钾长石（微斜长石和条纹长石等）不适合于K—Ar定年,而喷出岩中的钾长石（透长石和歪长石等）是非常好的定年矿物;低温钾长石可有条件应用  相似文献   

6.
Authigenic sedimentary low-temperature K-feldspar separated from Albian-Turonian carbonates in Israel was dated by the step-heating 40Ar-39Ar method. In contrast to high-temperature K-feldspars, ca. 90% of the radiogenic Ar was released at temperatures lower than 600 °C and fusion mostly occurred below 750 °C. Though formed under low temperature, Ar loss in all but one sample is estimated to be less than 2%. Nevertheless, the effect of 39Ar recoil is evident in some separates, probably due to their very fine size (4-10 μm). The plateau age of one sample with the highest content of authigenic K-feldspar (93%, 96 Ma) is slightly younger than the assumed stratigraphic age and thus defines the timing of an early diagenetic event within a few million years after deposition. Other samples where a plateau age could be determined yield ages slightly older. Strong acid etching (7 N HNO3, 85 °C) of the K-feldspar-enriched fraction may have improved the 39Ar-40Ar spectra but did not eliminate the presence of minute quantities of detrital K-bearing minerals. Though the present set of data is insufficient for a clear-cut conclusion, the activation energy of the authigenic K-feldspar is in the range of 14-26 kcal mol− 1 s− 1, much lower than that of magmatic and hydrothermal K-feldspars and can probably be attributed to the heating schedule and the small crystal size. It is not clear whether the formation at low temperatures (< 50 °C) has any effect on the activation energy.  相似文献   

7.
We examine a database containing the results of 40Ar/39Ar step-heating experiments performed on 194 basement K-feldspars to recover thermal history information. Qualitative examination of 40Ar/39Ar systematics reveals that about half of the K-feldspars examined are sufficiently well behaved to be suitable for thermal history analysis. Correlation algorithms are developed to quantitatively assess the degree to which age and 39Ar release spectra are compatible with the same volume diffusion process. Upon applying these methods, we find that 65% of all samples yield correlation coefficients in excess of 0.8, whereas roughly 40% give values above 0.9. We further compare the observed correlation behavior with that predicted from the multidiffusion domain model and find good agreement for samples with correlation coefficients above 0.9. In contrast, hydrous phases unstable under in vacuo heating and K-feldspars with highly disturbed age spectra yield poorly correlated age and diffusion properties. The high degree of correlation exhibited by the majority of K-feldspars we have analyzed validates extrapolation of experimentally determined diffusion properties to conditions attending natural Ar loss within the crust. Despite this, a significant number of basement K-feldspars analyzed by the step-heating method yield 40Ar/39Ar systematics that are clearly problematic for thermal history analysis. We numerically explore the effects of low-temperature alteration of K-feldspar on thermochronological analysis and identify a range of conditions under which information is progressively lost. Finally, we demonstrate the insensitivity of thermal history calculations to detailed knowledge of the diffusion mechanism by introducing the heterogeneous diffusion model. We find that the multidiffusion domain approach can successfully recover imposed thermal histories from heterogeneous diffusion-type crystals and conclude that most details of the interpretive model employed are of secondary importance. The only requirement for recovering thermal histories from K-feldspar 40Ar/39Ar step-heating results is that argon loss proceeds by volume diffusion and that laboratory argon release adequately mimics the natural diffusion boundaries and mechanisms—a requirement implicitly met by those samples exhibiting high degrees of correlation.  相似文献   

8.
塔里木盆地共发现 8套砂岩油气储层 ,对其中的 5套典型砂岩油气储层进行了自生伊利石K Ar同位素测年分析与研究。利用该项技术对其成藏史进行初步探讨是本次研究的主要目的。中央隆起下志留统沥青砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 383.4 5～ 2 35 .17Ma ,表明志留系古油藏形成于加里东晚期—海西晚期 ;上泥盆统东河砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 6 3.82～ 2 31.34Ma ,表明东河砂岩油气藏主要形成于海西晚期 ;库车坳陷依南 2气田 (依南 2井 )下侏罗统阳霞组砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 8.0 8～ 2 3.85Ma ,表明油气充注发生在中新世以来 ;喀什凹陷阿克莫木气田 (阿克 1井 )下白垩统砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 2 .6 0～ 18.79Ma ,表明中新世可能有古油气运移或古油藏形成 ;库车坳陷迪那 2气藏 (迪那 2 0 1井 )古近系砂岩中的伊利石主要为碎屑成因 ,不能用于进行油气成藏史研究 ,但该气藏白垩系砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 5 .4 9～ 15 .4 7Ma ,表明可能为中新世成藏。本次研究表明 ,该项技术在塔里木盆地初步显示出较好的应用效果 ,具有较为广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   

9.
K-feldspar from the late Miocene Capoas Granite on Palawan in The Philippines appears to contain highly retentive diffusion domains that are closed to argon diffusion at near-solidus temperatures during cooling of this ～7 km-diameter pluton. This is an important result, for K-feldspar is commonly considered not retentive in terms of its ability to retain argon. Closure temperatures for argon diffusion in K-feldspars are routinely claimed to be in the range ～150–400°C but the release of 39Ar from irradiated K-feldspar during furnace step-heating experiments in vacuo yields Arrhenius data that imply the existence of highly retentive core domains, with inferred closure temperatures that can exceed ～500–700°C. These high closure temperatures from the Capoas Granite K-feldspar are consistent with the coincidence of 40Ar/39Ar ages with U–Pb zircon ages at ca 13.5 ± 0.2 Ma. The cooling rate then accelerated, but the rate of change had considerably slowed by ca 12 Ma. Low-temperature (U–Th)/He thermochronology shows that the cooling rate once again accelerated at ca 11 Ma, perhaps owing to renewed tectonic activity.  相似文献   

10.
Many Lower Paleozoic limestones and dolostones in the Valley and Ridge province of the central and southern Appalachians contain 10 to 25 weight percent authigenic potassium feldspar. This was considered to be a product of early diagenesis, however, 40Ar39Ar analyses of overgrowths on detrital K-feldspar in Cambrian carbonate rocks from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and Tennessee yield Late Carboniferous-Early Permian ages (278–322 Ma). Simple mass balance calculations suggest that the feldspar could not have formed isochemically, but required the flux of multiple pore volumes of fluid through the rocks, reflecting regional fluid migration events during the Late-Paleozoic Alleghanian orogeny.Microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions in overgrowths on detrital K-feldspar and quartz grains from unmineralized rocks throughout the study area indicate homogenization temperatures from 100° to 200°C and freezing point depressions of −14° to −18.5°C (18–21 wt.% NaCl equiv). The apparent similarity of these fluids to fluid inclusions in ore and gangue minerals of nearby Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposits suggests that the regional occurrences of authigenic K-feldspar and MVT mineralization may be genetically related. This hypothesis is supported by the discovery of authigenic K-feldspar intergrown with sphalerite in several mines of the Mascot-Jefferson City District, E. Tennessee. Regional potassic alteration in unmineralized carbonate rocks and localized occurrences of MVT mineralization are both explainable by a gravity-driven flow model, in which deep brines migrate towards the basin margin under a hydraulic gradient established during the Alleghanian orogeny. The authigenic K-feldspar may reflect the loss of K during disequilibrium cooling of the ascending brines. MVT deposits are probably localized manifestations of the same migrating fluids, occurring where the necessary physical and chemical traps are present.  相似文献   

11.
Argon diffusion domains in K-feldspar II: kinetic properties of MH-10   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Viewing K-feldspars as containing a discrete distribution of diffusion domain sizes reconciles otherwise disconsonant features common in their 40Ar/39Ar age spectra and Arrhenius plots but raises a fundamental question. What are the features in K-feldspar that endow it with this behavior? We report here the results of two different kinds of experiments that help isolate the nature of the responsible diffusion properties. To assess the thermal stability of the diffusion domains during laboratory treatment, MH-10 K-feldspar was step-heated to 850°C, removed from the furnace and split. One split was reirradiated and the other returned to the furnace and completely degassed. Following re-irradiation, the original heating schedule was used to degas the second aliquot. Apart from the first 5% of gas released, the diffusion properties show little change relative to the original result but, it appears, the physical character of a portion of the smallest domain has been altered. Results of duplicate step-heating experiments of samples treated at 750°C, 950°C and 1100°C prior to irradiation are consistent with the conclusions of the double irradiation experiment. In a second series of experiments, sized aggregates of MH-10 K-feldspar were analyzed by the 40Ar/39Ar step-heating method. The resultant log(r/r o) plots reveal that the largest domain is annihilated when the particle size is reduced to about 50 μm. From this result we infer that the largest diffusion domain size is between 60 and about 130 μm in diameter. This estimate, together with knowledge of the relative domain size distribution obtained from modeling the log(r/r o) plot, sets the size of the smallest domain to be less than about 1 μm. Microstructural examination of MH-10 K-feldspar identifies sub-grain features that correspond in size to our independent estimates for the largest and smallest diffusion domains. These results strongly support the view that low-temperature K-feldspars contain a distribution of diffusion length scales that are well approximated as discrete domain sizes and that laboratory heating below the onset of melting does not significatly affect the ability to obtain thermal reconstructions from the 40Ar/39Ar systematics.  相似文献   

12.
Detailed field and microstructural studies have been combined with high spatial resolution ultraviolet laser 40Ar/39Ar dating of naturally deformed K-feldspar to investigate the direct relationship between deformation-related microstructure and Ar isotope systematics. The sample studied is a ~1,000 Ma Torridonian arkose from Skye, Scotland, that contains detrital feldspars previously metamorphosed at amphibolite-facies conditions ~1,700 Ma. The sample was subsequently deformed ~430 Ma ago during Caledonian orogenesis. The form and distribution of deformation-induced microstructures within three different feldspar clasts has been mapped using atomic number contrast and orientation contrast imaging, at a range of scales, to identify intragrain variations in composition and lattice orientation. These variations have been related to thin section and regional structural data to provide a well-constrained deformation history for the feldspar clasts. One hundred and forty-three in-situ 40Ar/39Ar analyses measured using ultraviolet laser ablation record a range of apparent ages (317-1030 Ma). The K-feldspar showing the least strain records the greatest range of apparent ages from 420-1,030 Ma, with the oldest apparent ages being found close to the centre of the feldspar away from fractures and the detrital grain boundary. The most deformed K-feldspar yields the youngest apparent ages (317-453 Ma) but there is no spatial relationship between apparent age and the detrital grain boundary. Within this feldspar, the oldest apparent ages are recorded from orientation domain boundaries and fracture surfaces where an excess or trapped 40Ar component resides. Orientation contrast images at a similar scale to the Ar analyses illustrate a significant deformation-related microstructural difference between the feldspars and we conclude that deformation plays a significant role in controlling Ar systematics of feldspars at both the inter- and intragrain scales even at relatively low 'bulk' strains. The data show that Ar loss and trapping within the deformed K-feldspars reflects the presence of a deformation-induced population of small diffusion domains in combination with 'short-circuit' diffusion along deformation-induced defects. The complex history of microstructures induced in the K-feldspars during their cooling, alteration, erosion and sedimentation do not appear to be as significant as deformation-induced microstructures in controlling the distribution of apparent ages at the grain scale.  相似文献   

13.
The diagenetic environment, diagenetic responses, diagenetic transformation model and formation mechanisms of high-quality reservoirs (beach-bar sandstones of the Paleogene fourth member) in the Dongying depression were studied through the analysis of fluid inclusions, thin section and burial evolution history. The diagenetic fluids of the beach-bar sandstone reservoirs evolved from early high salinity and weak alkalinity to low salinity and strong acidity, late high salinity and strong alkalinity and late low salinity and acidity, which were accompanied by two stages of oil and gas filling. The fluids at the margins of the sandbodies were continuously highly saline and strongly alkaline. The western (eastern) reservoirs experienced early open (closed), middle open, and late closed diagenetic environments during their burial history. The flow pattern was characterized by upwelling during the majority of the diagenesis (in the east, a non-circulating pattern transitioned into an upwelling current). Due to the evolution of the diagenetic fluids, the diagenetic sequence of the beach-bar reservoirs was as follows: early weak carbonate cementation; feldspar and carbonate cement dissolution and authigenic quartz cementation; late carbonate and anhydrite cementation, authigenic feldspar cementation, and late quartz dissolution; and late carbonate cementation, feldspar dissolution, and authigenic quartz cementation. The diagenetic strength during these stages varied or was absent altogether in different parts of the reservoirs. Due to the closeness of the diagenetic environment and the flow pattern of the diagenetic fluids, the diagenetic products are variably distributed in the sandstones interbedded with mudstones and in the fault blocks. The evolution of multiple alternating alkaline and acidic diagenetic environments controlled the distribution patterns of the reservoir diagenesis and reservoir space, and the reservoir quality index, RQI, increased gradually from the margins to the centers of the sandstones. The closeness of the diagenetic environment and the flow patterns of the diagenetic fluids controlled the differences in the reservoir properties among the fault blocks. With increasing distance from the oil-source faults, the RQI values in the west gradually decreased and in the east initially increased and then decreased.  相似文献   

14.
This study presents geochemical characteristics of glauconites in estuarine deposits within the Maastrichtian Lameta Formation in central India. Resting conformably over the Bagh Group, the Lameta Formation consists of ~4-5 m thick arenaceous, argillaceous and calcareous green sandstones underlying the Deccan Traps. The sandstone is friable, medium-to coarse-grained, well-sorted and thoroughly crossstratified, and contains marine fossils. Detailed petrography, spectroscopy and mineral chemistry indicates unique chemical composition of glauconite with high K_2O, MgO, Al_2O_3 and moderate TFe_2O_3. Glauconite is formed by the replacement of K-feldspars, initially as stringers in the cleavages and fractures of feldspars. Incipient glauconite subsequently evolves fully, appearing as pellets. Fully-evolved glauconite pellets often leave tiny relics of K-feldspar. XRD exhibits characteristic peak of 10A from basal(001)reflection of glauconite, indicating the "evolved" character. The K_2O content of glauconites in the Lameta Formation varies from 5.51% to 8.29%, corroborating the "evolved" to "highly-evolved" maturation stage.The TFe_2O_3 content of glauconite varies from 12.56% to 18.90%. The PASS-normalized-REE patterns of glauconite exhibit a "hat-shape" confirming the authigenic origin of glauconites. The slightly-negative to slightly-positive Ce anomaly value and the moderate TFe_2O_3 content of glauconite agree well with a suboxic,estuarine condition. The replacement of K-feldspar by the glauconite contributes towards the high K_2O content. Compositional evolution of glauconites in the Lameta Formation is similar to those observed in many Precambrian sedimentary sequences.  相似文献   

15.
Plagioclases and K-feldspars in the sandstones and mudrocks of the Cretaceous non-marine Gyeongsang Basin, Korea, were partially to completely albitized. The preservation of fresh plagioclase grains in early micrite-cemented sandstones suggests the diagenetic origin of albite. Albitization textures in mudrocks were examined using backscattered electron images. In contrast to completely albitized plagioclase grains in sandstones, those in mudrocks are mostly partially albitized. It suggests that mudrocks can be more useful for a provenance study than sandstones by preserving detrital minerals better. K-feldspar is unaltered to partially albitized in both sandstones and mudrocks. In mudrocks albitization starts preferentially along microfractures, cleavages and grain margins. Albitization along grain margins seems to be a characteristic feature in mudrocks where development of microfractures in silt-sized feldspar grains by physical compaction is limited by clayey matrix as well as by overpressure. The extent of albitization in mudrocks is mainly controlled by composition of the detrital plagioclase. Mudrocks containing calcic plagioclase grains tend to be more extensively albitized than those containing sodic varieties.  相似文献   

16.
K–Ar dating was applied on authigenic potassic minerals which are abundant in sandstones from the south of the Sanfranciscana Basin, Western Minas Gerais State, central Brazil. The Quintinos Member fluvial sandstones (Três Barras Formation, Areado Group) contain significant amounts of authigenic K‐feldspar as microcrystals of adularia and sanidine habits. The ages of these microcrystals cluster into three groups: 106.1 ± 2.2, 89.9 ± 1.9 and 88.8 ± 1.8 Ma (from Albian to Coniacian). The older age of 106.1 ± 2.2 Ma was obtained from the coarse fraction analysed (10–20 µm) that can contain a mixture of detrital potassic minerals (K‐feldspar, muscovite, biotite and illite) and different authigenesis of K‐feldspar (overgrowths and microcrystals). Thus, only the younger ages were interpreted as precipitation of K‐feldspar microcrystals during the Late Cretaceous into the Quintinos Member sandstones. Moreover, these ages can document the formation of microcrystals within a few million years after deposition of the sandstones. The ages of authigenic illite from the Capacete Formation epiclastic sandstones (Mata da Corda Group) range from 88.5 ± 1.9 to 71.5 ± 1.9 Ma (Coniacian–Campanian). These results suggest the timing of the illitization event in these sandstones as well as a synchrony with K‐feldspar authigenesis in the Quintinos Member sandstones. These results are well constrained and are in agreement with stratigraphic, biostratigraphic and radiometric ages previously reported for the Sanfranciscana Basin. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
Fibrous illite is one of the most important cements that grows within sandstones during burial, and the only one which is commonly dated using the K–Ar age technique. A small quantity of illite can dramatically reduce porefluid flow rates within a sandstone, thus making oil recovery uneconomic. Illite ages potentially correspond to geological events such as hydrocarbon filling of a sandstone reservoir, providing calibration to basin models. Yet the fundamental processes controlling fibrous illite growth are not understood. This contribution presents a new theory for illite growth within sandstones that explains the fibrous morphology of illite, the restricted range of illite K–Ar age dates compared to the age of the host sandstones, and the lack of 0-Myr-old illite reported. The growth of fibrous illite as an authigenic cement may be controlled by nucleation kinetics, and not by thermodynamic or growth kinetic considerations as has been previously assumed.  相似文献   

18.
伊利石是一种层状硅酸盐矿物,层间主要为钾离子,可利用K-Ar法、Ar-Ar法和Rb-Sr法等相关的测年方法来分析和限定与自生伊利石有关的地质事件的时代,例如盆地演化历史、热液活动、构造活动和油气运移。本文讨论了利用钾盐矿床中自生伊利石进行蒸发岩地层年代学研究的可能性。虽然多数研究表明温度是控制自生伊利石形成的主要控制因素,即自生伊利石一般形成于温度较高的条件下,但一些研究表明在地表温度的盐湖环境中也可形成自生伊利石,此种环境下控制自生伊利石形成的主要因素为流体成分。这构成了利用自生伊利石定年来研究蒸发岩地层时代的理论基础。然而在实际研究过程中仍存在很多问题,需进行进一步的研究。  相似文献   

19.
The K-Ar system in clay fractions from shallow marine carbonate shelf environments was investigated on silicate fractions (clay minerals, feldspar) separated from 20 Lower Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, deposited in the southern Tethys ocean. The range of lithologies investigated included dolomite and chalk [IR (insoluble residue)<10%], marl, shale (IR= 70–85%) and sandstone (IR>90%). The results show that K-bearing clay fractions often have K-Ar ages similar to the suggested age of deposition, which means either supply of land-derived authigenic K-bearing clays or synsedimentary diagenetic authigenesis, or both. This K-Ar synsedimentary signal is recorded in clay fractions from the whole range of studied lithologies and stratigraphic units. Among the clay minerals, the synsedimentary K-Ar signature was recorded and retained in illite/smectite of the <2-um and <0.2-um fractions. A prominent synsedimentary signature is found in K-feldspars, from shaly and especially from calcareous rocks, which is substantiated by their authigenic origin based on idiomorphic crystal morphology and their limited size distribution (4–10 um). Post-depositional closure of the K-Ar system is indicated by ages up to 15 Ma younger than the stratigraphic age in different lithologies from dispersed localities. A distinct late diagenetic (20–25 Ma younger) event is recorded in the formation of authigenic K-feldspar within Upper Cretaceous chalk and shale. In the IR and >10-um fractions the K-Ar ages reflect the contribution of detrital mica and feldspar which accompanies the kaolinite-dominated samples. The overall results differ considerably from K-Ar age patterns observed in deep-sea sediments, a difference which may be connected with the occurrence of brines in these shelf deposits. The findings indicate the potential in the K-Ar dating of fine IR fractions of marine shelf sediments in terms of geochronological-stratigraphic and palaeogeographical aspects as well as in the petrology of clay minerals themselves.  相似文献   

20.
Ar40 diffusion in a natural, non-perthitic orthoclase has been studied isothermal heating experiments between 500° and 800°C under both vacuum and hydrothermal (2 kbar) conditions. The sample is a one-phase K-feldspar without detectable chemical of structural inhomogeneities as verified by heating experiments, chemical and microprobe analyses, and cell refinements. The orthoclase does not disorder detectably and is stable for the duration of the heating interval. Diffusion coefficients were calculated using an isotropic model for spherical grains. Agreement of diffusion coefficients obtained on grain-sizes which differed by a factor of four indicate that the effective dimension for Ar40 diffusion is the actual particle size. A series of experiments at 700°C show that Ar40 loss may be described by the ideal spherical model and that the diffusion coefficient does not change with time. The Arrhenius relation is obeyed with a single activation energy and the diffusion coefficients are described by: D = (0·00982) exp — (43800/RT). Agreement of experiments conducted under vacuum and hydrothermally (up to 2 kbar) indicate that pressure and H2O do not significantly affect Ar40 loss. Relatively small amounts of alkali exchange between the feldspar and hydrothermal salt solutions do not affect the loss behavior.The simple behavior obtained for this orthoclase is attributed of the use of a simple technique within the region of sample stability and to the homogeneous nature of the feldspar. Effects due to sample instability and to the use of perthites are discussed. The new data are compared to those for homogeneous feldspars showing that the orthoclase gives diffusion coefficients which are as low as those sanidine. It is suggested that perthitization of feldspars in nature may reduce the effective grain size for diffusion and thereby allow diffusional loss of Ar40 at relatively low temperatures.  相似文献   

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