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1.
Production space and regional industrial evolution in China 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
A growing literature on evolutionary economic geography concludes that regional industrial evolution is path-dependent and is determined by the preexisting industries. This study more accurately calculates the industry relatedness based on the co-occurrence approach to portray the production space of China’s manufacturing sectors and then examines the impact of industry relatedness on regional industrial evolution. The findings report that industry relatedness does underscore the regional structural change in China but shows significant regional differences in the evolution path. The coastal region has strong tendency of path dependence in its industrial evolution, while North West and South West break the path-dependent trajectory and transition into high productive sectors distant from their own production network. The results suggest that governmental policies can play a crucial role in creating new paths in the West. Institutions matter to allow the significant role of industry relatedness in driving regional industrial evolution. 相似文献
2.
Mr. J. Sargent 《GeoJournal》1980,4(3):205-214
This paper outlines the main changes in industrial location in Japan since the end of World War II. After a brief introduction, the paper discusses the growth of industrial regions between 1955 and 1965, and gives particular attention to the establishment of heavy industrial complexes in coastal locations and to the growth of assembly-line industries in inland locations. Some reference is also made to the role of local government inducement policies. The paper then turns to an examination of trends since 1965, and considers the significance of external diseconomies, changes in local government policy, labour shortage, improvements in transport and communications, and regional development policy. The paper argues that these factors have been responsible for a limited dispersal of manufacturing away from the main industrial regions. In conclusion, the paper briefly considers the implications of current economic trends for industrial location. 相似文献
3.
Following a brief examination of the role of ports as foci for industrial and urban development, this paper discusses four major changes—the scale of international trade, structural changes in port activities, port industrialization, and traffic origin and destination—which are acting to alter the relationship between ports and their urban areas. Attention is then focused on the redevelopment of docklands and the need to inform public and political opinion of the importance of port activities to the development of local, regional and national economies. The use of economic impact studies to highlight the multiplier effects of port activities is discussed. 相似文献
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Kee-Bom Nahm 《GeoJournal》1999,49(3):289-299
In recent years, central Seoul has been experiencing a dynamic transformation. In the process of reorganization of the urban
industrial structure including tertiarization and quaternarization of the economic base of Seoul, business services are growing
very rapidly and large scale urban renewal projects are quickly implemented. Downtown office activities become a nucleus for
economic performance of Seoul and high-rise office buildings steer the landscape transformation of central Seoul. Even though
there appears to exist some evidence that office districts have dispersed to several subcenters, major office activities are
still concentrated in central Seoul. This paper redefines office industry in a narrow sense comprising only relevant economic
sectors and office buildings as office activity-functioning units. It then explores the industrial networking and territorial
specialization of office activities focusing on the dual process of concentration and dispersion in Seoul. The changing characteristics
of the downtown linkages of office activities in this post-industrial era transforms the spatial economy of central Seoul
into a more flexible and volatile system, while territorial concentration of power and control functions are fortified at
the same time. Finally, the paper addresses the development of manufacturing- tertiary-quaternary industrial complexes, which
can be regarded as emerging industrial clusters, producing the cultural economy of urban space and images for clients and
customers, in relation to urban competitiveness and territorial specialization of large metropolitan areas.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
Dr. J. C. Nwafor 《GeoJournal》1986,12(4):433-442
In 1914, Lagos was chosen as the capital of Nigeria and from then onward, the demographic and physical expansion of the city has been so dramatic that by 1960, it has grown into a metropolis covering about 70 sq. km with well over 1 million inhabitants. The inhospitable physical environment, and the locational decision by the British colonial authorities to develop Lagos as Nigeria's capital are largely accountable for the rate and nature of land use development. The predominance of swamps imposes large scale land reclamations as a precondition for land use development, while the administrative, industrial, commercial and transport functions devolving on Lagos as the federal capital and primate city attract massive in-migration at a much faster rate than the pace of providing urban social services. The lagos Executive Development Board (LEDB) dominated land use development for many years. In spite of numerous constrainst, the Board succeeded in carrying out extensive swamp reclamations, residential and industrial estate development. The decision to transfer the capital to Abuja will certainly reflect on future land use development in Lagos. Above all, it is a clear evidence that urban planning alone has failed to tackle the problems meaningfully.With only 10% of the total urban land as against 60% for residential purposes, industrial activity in Metropolitan Lagos is of great social and economic significance both in terms of industrial jobs directly related to manufacturing and indirectly in terms of commercial, transport, banking and insurance opportunities created. The geometry of land use in Metropolitan Lagos is gradually changing under the influence of urban renewal and highway development radiating from the inner-city to the hinterland which have attracted new and centre-city industrial and residential estates are springing up. 相似文献
9.
《矿物学报》2013,(Z1)
This article describes the characteristics of natural dusts, artificial dusts and industrial dusts, such as mineral phases, chemical components, morphological observation and size. Quartz and calcite are the main phases of natural dusts and industrial dusts with high SiO2, CaO and low K2O, Na2O on the chemical composition. Natural dusts are mainly irregular shaped and some particle aggregation made of small dusts on the surface of large dust. Industrial dusts are globular and blob-like, but artificial dusts are columnar and fibrous. The fine particles are mainly in the range of 0.3-5 μm,of which the dusts of less than 5 μm are over 99%.The dissolution and electrochemical action of dusts in glutamic acid liquor at the simulated human body temperature (37 ℃) in 32 hours were investigated. The changes of pH values and electric conductivity of those dusts were similar, increased slowly in first 8 hours, and then the pH values increased rapidly. The total amount of dissolved ions of K, Ca, Na, Mg was 35.4-429 mg/L, particularly Ca was maximal of 20-334 mg/L. The total amount of dissolved ions of Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb, Ba was 0.18-5.59 ppm and the Al, Si was 3.0-21.7 mg/L. Each element dissolved rapidly relatively in first 16 hours. The relative solubility order of dusts in glutamic acid are: wollastonite > serpentine > sepiolite, the cement plant industrial dusts > power plant industrial dusts, and natural dusts have similar solubility. The wollastonite and power plant industrial dusts have highest solubility, which have high content of CaO; this shows there are a poorer corrosion-resisting ability and lower bio-resistibility. Sepiolite and cement plant industrial dusts have lowest solubility, which have high content of SiO2; this shows there are a higher corrosion-resisting ability and stronger bio-resistibility. 相似文献
10.
A size-continuous breakage-kinetics model is postulated and supported with industrial grinding-mill data. It is shown that the kinetics parameters include the effects of possible classification at the mill discharge. The estimated parameters were then used in the kinetics model to simulate the behavior of a grinding mill in open- and closed-circuit operation. While material transport and kinetics are equally important in open-circuit operation, heavy recycle in a closed circuit makes a detailed material-transport model for grinding unnecessary. In effect, the mill can be considered as backmixed. This suggests that more emphasis should be placed on modelling the classifier than the development of detailed material-transport models for the grinding mill. 相似文献
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An integrated GIS and hydrochemical approach to assess groundwater contamination in West Ismailia area, Egypt 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Groundwater is a very important resource across Ismailia area as it is used in domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes. This makes it absolutely necessary that the effects of land use change on groundwater resources are considered when making land use decisions. Careful monitoring of groundwater resource helps minimize the contamination of this resource. This study developed a GIS-based model to assess groundwater contamination in the West Ismailia area based on its hydrochemical characteristics. The model incorporated five different factors which are standardized to a common evaluation scale. The produced factor maps include the depth to the water table, the potential recharge, the soil type, the topography, and the thickness of saturation. These maps are combined in ERDAS Imagine, ARC INFO, and ARC GIS software using geostatistics and a weighted overlay process to produce the final groundwater potential risk map. The model output is then used to determine the vulnerability of groundwater to contamination by domestic, agricultural, and industrial sources. The produced risk maps are then combined with the groundwater contamination potentiality map using an arithmetic overlay in order to identify areas which were vulnerable to contamination. The results of this study revealed that the groundwater is highly vulnerable to contamination that may result from the inappropriate application of agrichemicals and domestic and industrial activities. The produced integrated potential contamination maps are very useful tools for a decision maker concerned with groundwater protection and development. 相似文献
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The interaction of natural and industrial waters with the rocks and apatite ores of the Khibiny alkaline massif was studied to estimate the extent of anthropogenic influence on natural processes. The abundance of the major rock-forming elements of the nepheline syenites and foidolites in the natural waters indicates that dissolution of nepheline and feldspathoids in natural water plays a significant role under the conditions of slow weathering in the Far North. Experiments showed that fine nepheline particles are transformed into amorphous phases at a fixed water volume at 18–20°C and pH 7.5–8.1. This process became observable already within the first day and continued for months. It is possible in stagnant reservoirs of natural waters and clearly expressed in industrial settling tanks. This is supported by the high content of amorphous phases enriched in Na, K, Al, and Si in the top layer of lacustrine sediments at the zone affected by the sewage of a concentrating mill. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Coal Geology》1987,9(1):11-43
The author reports at first the circumstances which led to the foundation of the International Committee of Coal Petrology (ICCP). He remembers the creation of the Congress of Carboniferous Stratigraphy in Heerlen and then the growing necessity for an international nomenclature in coal petrography, especially in regard to the increasing industrial applications as cokefication, carbonization, liquefaction etc. He follows the work of the ICCP-Commission of Nomenclature step by step until the publication of the first edition of the International Handbook of Coal Petrography in 1957. He describes the enthusiastic engagement of the pioneers realizing it, their personalities and the difficulties they were confronted with. The most important events of the ICCP from 1957 up to now are listed in an appendix. 相似文献
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甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区产业发展模式研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
国家层面对甘肃发展的总体定位是我国重要的生态屏障、经济走廊、战略通道、能源基地和文化源区,因此,甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区的发展对于我国西部地区乃至全国的经济社会发展具有举足轻重的作用.从分析目前甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区的发展现状入手,针对甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区主导产业不明确的问题,提出了政府对于生态功能区的优惠政策应由向区域倾斜转变为向产业倾斜,并在此基础上积极培育和发展重点产业,通过提高环境标准、推进生态农业重建工程、促进现代物流业发展、加快产业优化、构筑立体旅游产业体系和发展新兴能源产业等措施构建全新的产业发展模式,重塑我国西部重要的现代工业基地,实现生态功能区的健康与和谐发展. 相似文献
16.
Caterina RINAUDO Daniela GASTALDI Orfeo ZERBINATI Elisa FORNERO Graziella BERTA 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(6):1224-1231
Abstract: Twenty-four soil samples were collected at three depths from an approximately 2.5 acre contaminated site in southern Piedmont (Italy) and then analyzed. The main soil parameters determined were: pH, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), particle size distribution, total organic carbon (TOC) content and retained metal concentration. The mineral phases were identified by X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD). All of the samples contained Zn and Cu resulting from industrial contamination during the last century, and those obtained at depths of 20-40 cm consistently showed the highest levels. To determine which size fraction was most active in the retention process, the samples were separated into four fractions (≤2 mm, ≤63 μm, ≤30 μm and ≤2 μm) and the amount of pollutant measured in each. It was found that metal retention was the highest in the clayey fraction, whose clay minerals were identified by XRPD after K+ and Mg2+ saturation, glycerol treatment and heating to 550°C. The clayey fraction was also the richest in TOC, and a direct correlation between TOC amount and metal retention was observed. 相似文献
17.
判别工业用水环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）形状,揭示其形成机制,能够指示工业用水量随经济发展的长期变化趋势,可为工业用水管理提供重要依据。以山东省1980-2016年工业用水为例,采用三次模型、二次模型和非参数局部加权回归（LOWESS）,分析工业用水与人均GDP人均关系,判断工业用水EKC形状;通过由对数平均迪式指数法（LMDI）测算出的用水效率、产业结构和经济规模对工业用水变化贡献值,以及利用四参数Logistic曲线得出的工业用水效率长期变化特征,定量分析揭示N型EKC的形成机制。结果表明,山东省工业用水随人均GDP增加先增长、后下降、再增长,工业用水EKC形状为N型;在工业用水效率快速提高、工业用水量持续下降后,由于用水效率逐渐接近极限、提高速度减缓、节水量大幅降低,经济规模扩张增加的用水量无法被抵消,工业用水不再下降、反而出现再增长,曲线形状由倒U型变成N型。N型是对倒U型工业用水EKC的一个补充,工业用水量不会"自动"持续下降,而是存在再增长可能;要实现工业用水量持续下降,必须深度挖掘节水潜力,持续提高用水效率,并推动工业结构向节水方向调整。 相似文献
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The transportation of magma in sedimentary basins often occurs through extensive dyke-sill networks. The role of sills on the plumbing system in rifted margins and the impact of sills on hydrocarbon reservoirs of prospective sedimentary basins has long been an area of great industrial interest and scientific debate. Based on 2D seismic reflection, we present data on how the sills emplaced to form a magmatic plumbing system of the volcanic system for the Zhongjiannan Basin(ZJNB). The results show... 相似文献
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中国建设用地省际分布的统计分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
建设用地的扩张是中国耕地减少的最重要因素，通过建立建设用地分布的定量关系，揭示建设用地增长的动力学基础。通过居民点和工矿用地、交通用地、建设用地总量（前二者之和）的省际分布与人口、人均耕地的省际分布的单因素和双因素统计分析发现：这三者的分布与这两个因素存在很强的二元线性相关；人口分布对居民点和工矿用地总量分布的影响要比对交通用地总量分布的影响大，人均耕地分布对这二者的人均值分布的影响，则恰恰相反。 相似文献