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1.
针对河南省新乡市凤泉区严重缺水现状,利用高密度电阻率法、高密度电阻率法与激发极化对称四极测深组合在水文地质条件复杂的松散层和基岩干旱地区勘查地下水,结合水文地质资料和成井条件所定的井位,后经施工钻孔验证,定井成功率100%,解决了人、畜急需用水问题。通过以上两种方法结合或单一方法在该地区不同水文地质条件下的实际应用和应用效果分析,总结出针对该地区特定的水文地质条件选择高密度电阻率法、高密度电阻率法与激发极化法组合模式。密度电阻率法和激发极化法组合模式在该地区地下水勘查中的运用提高了地质解释的准确性和可靠性,值得在类似水文地质条件和地区推广应用。 相似文献
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引言电阻率法野外测定结果可用视电阻率空间表示,即用视电阻率等值线断面图表示.工作时,在地面的一条测线上布置一系列测深点.测深点在线上的水平位置由x座标确定.将每个测深点测得不同极距(a)的观测值ρ(x,a)分别标在相应测深点下方"深度"为a处的点上.勾绘等值线即构制成所观测的视电阻率空间断面图,图中等值线的形态能反映实际空间的真电阻率分布情况,甚至可用来进行定量解释.本文只讨论二度体问题. 相似文献
3.
高密度电法在渝东南地区找水勘察中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高密度电法原理与常规电阻率法相比,有成本低、效率高、信息丰富、解释方便和勘探能力显著提高等优点,它在岩溶地区水文地质调查应得到广泛采用。以渝东南岩溶地区水文地质调查中一个工程实例,根据高密度电法原理和仪器,以及在岩溶石山地区探测岩溶地下水工作布置、数据处理和探测效果,说明高密度电法在岩溶地区来寻找含水低阻异常体的位置和形态是可行的,可为岩溶地区水文地质勘查物探方法选取和利用。 相似文献
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在西南佛罗里达,用直流电阻率垂向电测深法已经完成了60哩的测线。电阻率测深是为了获得概括性的主要水文地质特征。区域水文地质调查的范围近400平方哩。用直流电阻率法可以在一张区域地图上,有效的绘出与第三系晚期混杂矿脉伴生的浅部高阻石灰岩的分布和总矿化度超过可饮用水限度的近似深度这两个重要的水文地质特征。石灰岩矿脉通常呈现了很高的导水性,是开发地下水有希望的地段。按可饮用水层的大致厚度用来在资源调查中划定最有开采价值的范围,并可粗略评价作为长远规划的总资源。电阻率资料解释和电阻率断石的绘制是通过电阻率反演和计算机图解程序来完成。用自动装置处理的数据,绘制电阻率图和断面其解释人员不需要经过全面的地球物理学培养。自动解释比传统的量板法解释更好,其解释结果的等值范围相同且与地质相关,但自动解释操作过程的工作量要小得多。 相似文献
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介绍了利用电法在非洲尼日利亚火成岩地区勘察地下水的应用实例,总结出该地区地下水赋存的电测深曲线特征:电阻率曲线尾支呈45°上升,转折点对应的AB/2≥38 m;电阻率曲线转折点＜38 m,但有极化率异常. 相似文献
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物探方法是寻找地下水的重要勘查手段之一.在查明区域水文地质条件的基础上,本文采用音频大地电磁测深和高密度电阻率法对海南省琼中县榕木村花岗岩区深部赋水断裂破碎带的位置、深度、规模和产状特征进行了探测,结果表明:赋水断裂破碎带主要表现为"凹槽"状或"条带"状低阻异常;可以采用激电半衰时(Th)、偏离度(r)以及视电阻率(ρs)等参数进行断裂破碎带含水层位置判别.通过水文地质钻探揭露,含水层位置与物探解译结果基本一致,证明激电半衰时和偏离度以及视电阻率等参数可以较可靠地确定赋水构造的位置和深度.综合物探勘查方法为水文地质钻井孔位设计提供了有效技术支撑,可对在类似地区进行地下水探测提供参考. 相似文献
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凤阳县石灰岩地区地下水勘查,主要是通过物探方法识别有储水条件的构造断裂、岩溶及地下暗河。通过合理布设物探测线,利用电阻率联合剖面法和高密度电法相结合,能够有效识别断层、地层界线、软弱夹层、岩溶等不良地质体,是凤阳县石灰岩地区地下水勘查工作中值得推广的物探组合方法。本文以凤阳县西泉镇某工业园区地下水资源勘查工作为例,介绍... 相似文献
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激发极化法探测岩溶地下水主要是利用一次供电获得的视电阻率、视极化率、半衰时、衰减度多个含水参数值,依据各参数在含水岩体上的特征—低阻高极化、高半衰时、高衰减度的特征,通过对测深曲线和剖面等值线的综合分析,查明奥陶系灰岩岩溶裂隙发育情况,圈定岩溶富水区,最终为选定最佳井位、合理开发岩溶地下水资源提供科学依据：本文根据实测结果分析证明应用激发极化法在岩溶山区寻找岩溶裂隙水是行之有效的。 相似文献
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岩浆岩地区富水性整体较弱,地下水匮乏,找水难度较大,资源型缺水是区内普遍存在的问题。本文针对不同找水目标类型,结合勘探靶区地质、物性特征、水文地质条件及现场踏勘,应用视电阻率联合剖面和视电阻率垂向测深综合物探手段解释分析,对莱阳市小水岔村和瓦屋村周边的地层电性结构特征、成井模式及富水机理进行了综合研究。通过确定找水目标、物探解释分析、综合分析定井,最终在两个村庄成功实施两眼钻孔,最大涌水量分别高达247.56 m3/d和620.64 m3/d,并结合侵入—接触带型和岩脉导水型蓄水构造模式详细分析了其富水机理,不仅解决了当地群众用水难题,也对今后在类似地区找水定井有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
11.
Delineation of groundwater potential zones and electrical resistivity studies for groundwater exploration 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The electrical resistivity method is widely used in groundwater exploration studies. The method is particularly well suited to carry out groundwater studies in hard-rock terrains. The popular Schlumberger method of electrode configuration was applied in the study area. In all, 112 vertical electrical soundings (VESs) were carried out at different locations in the study area. VES interpretations were used to generate a top-layer contour map and a depth-to-basement map. Finally, a groundwater quality/potential map for the study area was generated using the depth-to-bedrock map, a water-level fluctuation map, and the second-layer thickness. Furthermore, this groundwater potential map was classified into three sectors, i.e. poor, moderate and good zones with respect to the prospects of finding groundwater in the study area. This map has a practical value, as it provides guidance to farmers in selecting favourable well sites, thereby avoiding unnecessary financial losses. 相似文献
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Mansour A. Al-Garni 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(3-4):385-400
Subsurface structures associated with hard rocks are very important for groundwater. Wadi Fatima runs through the volcanic and metamorphic rocks of the Arabian Shield which are characterized by higher magnetization than the overlaying alluvium sediments. Magnetic and direct current (DC) resistivity methods have been used for groundwater exploration in the northern part of Wadi Fatima. The magnetic survey was used mainly to map the subsurface structures, using analytic signal algorithm, of the study area. The DC resistivity method was applied to describe the lithologic domain as a function of depth, depending on their electrical property contrasts where it provided a good indication for water bearing formations. The magnetic and DC resistivity interpretations were confirmed by drilling which have provided a clear idea about the hydrogeological regime of the study area. The selected drilled well is successfully productive and it produces 30 m3/h. 相似文献
13.
Donald J. Stierman 《Environmental Geology》1984,6(1):11-20
At the Stringfellow Class I waste-disposal site near Riverside, California, the influence of variations in groundwater chemistry
and saturation on electrical measurements made from the surface was tested Spontaneous potential, D C electrical sounding,
dipole-dipole resistivity profiles, and mise-a-la-masse measurements were employed to investigate the sub-surface migration
of the acidic fluids deposited in this site between 1956 and 1972 Mise-a-la-masse exploration conducted at the downstream
edge of the site detected a major anomaly which, on excavation, proved to be the signature of a previously unsuspected leak
from the surface disposal ponds on the site Downstream from the site, a dipole-dipole profile and electrical soundings correlate
well with electrical conductivity of groundwater obtained from monitoring wells This study demonstrates that geophysical methods
may be used to search for and map leaks from toxic chemical waste dumps 相似文献
14.
This research is an attempt to accomplish a 3-D resistivity imaging survey, which was carried out near a water well contaminated with hydrocarbon materials in Karbala governorate. Two-dimensional resistivity imaging measurements were collected along four parallel profiles, using a Wenner array with electrode spacing of 1 m. The RES3DINV program was used to invert the apparent resistivity data. The results displayed a resistivity distribution of the subsurface in a three-dimensional volume. Thus, both the horizontal and vertical extents of the contaminated zone were displayed. This technique revealed a low resistivity zone at depth ranges from 3 to 6 m in the investigation area, but the seepage starts at depth ranges between 2 and 3 m and continues down depth (may be to the groundwater level). This low resistivity zone is the most likely location for a subsurface seepage of contaminated water. It is clear that the sufficient measurement points along 2-D lines in a small area can increase the 3-D imaging resolution, and nearly real 3-D imaging can be achieved, when the size of subsurface anomaly compared with the electrode spacing (a) of the Wenner array is taken into consideration. 相似文献
15.
Sultan Awad Sultan Fernando A. M. Santos Ahmad Sobhy Helaly 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(5-6):735-753
The integrated geophysical interpretation for the different geophysical tools such as resistivity and gravity is usually used to define the structural elements, stratigraphic units, groundwater potentiality, and depth to the basement rocks. In the present work, gravity and resistivity data were utilized for detecting the groundwater aquifer and structural elements, as well as the upper and lower surfaces of the subsurface basaltic sheet in an area located at the eastern side of Ismailia Canal, northeastern Greater Cairo, Egypt. Two hundred and ten gravity stations were measured using an Autograv instrument through a grid pattern of 50?×?50 m. The different required corrections were carried out, such as drift, elevation, tide, and latitude corrections. The final corrected data represented by the Bouguer anomaly map were filtered using high- and low-pass filters into regional and residual gravity anomaly maps. The resulting residual gravity anomaly map was used for gravity modeling to calculate the depths to the upper and lower surfaces of the basaltic sheet. The resulting gravity models indicated that the depths to the upper surface of the basaltic sheet are ranged between 26 and 314 m, where the shallower depths were found around the southern and eastern parts. The depths to the lower surface of the basaltic sheet are varied from 86 to 338 m, and the thickness of the basaltic sheet is ranged from 24 to 127 m, where the biggest thicknesses were found around the southern and northern parts of the study area. Forty-two vertical electrical soundings (VES) were carried out using Schlumberger configuration with AB/2 spacings ranged from 1.5 to 500 m. 1D quantitative interpretation was carried out through manual and analytical interpretations. The VES data were also inverted assuming a 3D resistivity distribution. The results from the 3D resistivity inversion indicated that the subsurface section consists of sand, sandstone, and sandy–clays of Miocene deposits overlying the basalts. Such basaltic features (of Oligocene age) are underlain by Gabal Ahmar Formation of Oligocene deposits, which are composed of sand and sandstone. Therefore, two aquifers were deduced in the area. The first is the Miocene aquifer (shallower) and the other is the Oligocene aquifer (deeper). 相似文献
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新疆和田县团结峰铅锌矿床是西昆仑地区新发现的一处重要MVT型铅锌矿床,铅锌规模达中型,伴生银。在勘查工作实践及综合研究矿床模型基础上,总结了矿床的成矿地质条件、地球物理勘查模型、地球化学勘查模型和地质找矿标志。研究表明:赋矿地层为中侏罗统龙山组二段灰岩,次级NW向断裂控制了铅锌矿体的分布,硅钙面之上的层间构造是矿体的赋存部位。1∶50万水系沉积物测量勘查模型显示:矿区及周边主要异常元素有Au,Ag,Pb,Zn,Mn,Hg,Sb,Cu,Co等,矿区为Ag-Zn-Cu-Pb-Au-As-Sn-Cr-Fe-F异常范围内,元素异常套合较好。1∶5万水系物测量勘查模型显示:成矿元素Ag,Zn,Cu,As,Sn,Sb,Pb浓度分带明显,异常套合好,有明显的浓集区;1∶1万瞬变电磁测量勘查模型显示:矿区内主要岩层的电阻率差异很大,含铅锌矿化地层电阻率为4 660～6 030Ω·m,可形成中高阻异常;遥感蚀变信息勘查模型显示:矿区遥感异常以羟基为主,铁染零星,异常与构造套合较好。除了物化遥异常标志外,铁帽、次级NW向断裂、围岩蚀变也是重要的找矿标志。 相似文献
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Saumen Maiti Gautam Gupta Vinit C. Erram Ram Krishna Tiwari 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(3):779-794
Modeling resistivity profiles, especially from hard rock areas, is of specific relevance for groundwater exploration. A method based on Bayesian neural network (BNN) theory using a Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) simulation scheme is applied to model and interpret direct current vertical electrical sounding measurements from 28 locations around the Malvan region, in the Sindhudurg district, southwest India. The modeling procedure revolves around optimizing the objective function using the HMC based sampling technique which is followed by updating each trajectory by integrating the Hamiltonian differential equations via a second order leapfrog discretization scheme. The inversion results suggest a high resistivity structure in the north-western part of the area, which correlates well with the presence of laterites. In the south-western part, a very high conductive zone is observed near the coast indicating an extensive influence of saltwater intrusion. Our results also show that the effect of intrusion of saline water diminishes from the south-western part to the north-eastern part of the region. Two dimensional modeling of four resistivity profiles shows that the groundwater flow is partly controlled by existing lineaments, fractures, and major joints. Groundwater occurs at a weathered/semi-weathered layer of laterite/clayey sand and the interface of overburden and crystalline basement. The presence of conduits is identified at a depth between 10 and 15 m along the Dhamapur–Kudal and Parule–Oros profiles, which seems to be potential zone for groundwater exploration. The NW–SE trending major lineaments and its criss-cross sections are indentified from the apparent and true resistivity surface map. The pseudo-section at different depths in the western part of the area, near Parule, shows extensive influence of saltwater intrusion and its impact reaching up to a depth of 50 m from the surface along the coastal area. Further, the deduced true electrical resistivity section against depth correlates well with available borehole lithology in the area. Present analyses suggest that HMC-based BNN method is robust for modeling resistivity data especially in hard rock terrains. These results are useful for interpreting fractures, major joints, and lineaments and crystalline basement rock and also for constraining the higher dimensional models. 相似文献
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在缺水地区开展找水水文地质勘查工作,如何提高成井供水效率,科学的找水方法至关重要。笔者介绍近10年来在我国西部地区300多个缺水村镇找水水文地质勘查实践中,总结出＂逐步逼近式＂找水方法。主要包括利用前人调查成果通过预研究确定找水方向、应用遥感解译方法圈定找水靶区、辅以简易快速物探方法的中比例尺地面调查确定富水地段、详细地面调查与物探组合技术结合优化确定钻探孔位、不同含水层选择相应钻探方法和成井工艺5个步骤。以及针对不同找水区在遥感数据源选择、简易快速物探方法应用与多方法有效组合探测的技术要点。 相似文献
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原地浸出采铀是一种利用砂岩型矿层对水的渗透性,采用注、抽液孔向含矿岩层注入“溶浸液”和抽取“浸出溶液”而获得铀的先进采矿技术。研究井场下方 “浸出液”分布范围,不仅能掌握矿体的被覆盖程度和矿床开采率,且对于地下水体污染监控具有重要意义。对内蒙古二连盆地某铀矿地浸开采试验基地进行电法勘查,以对铀矿地浸开采过程进行监测试验。具体采用可控源音频大地电磁测深法(CSAMT)和时间域激发极化法对试验井场进行探测试验。试验区以抽孔为中心布设一个18×18的测网,测网的线距和点距均为10 m。电法探测试验时,对穿过抽、注井的5条纵向和4条横向测线进行了CSAMT观测,并对全区进行中间梯度激发极化测量。经过数据处理和反演得到了中梯装置视极化率平面等值线图及CSAMT二维电阻率模型,并结合研究区域已知资料进行解释,认为电阻率断面上井场区域下方的低阻异常带反映了地浸开采过程“溶浸液”的地下分布状态;视极化率平面等值线图上显示的抽注单元下方的大片低极化率异常,可能是由地下浸出液与岩层组成的离子导电体系“薄膜极化”效应产生的异常带。 相似文献