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1.
1994年5月—1995年6月,利用黄河口悬浮颗粒物,在实验室内于不同温度、盐度、磷酸盐浓度、pH值及悬浮物粒度条件下进行了悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附和解吸模拟实验,通过水体中几种磷—钙矿物的离子平衡计算,对黄河口磷酸盐的缓冲机制进行了探讨。结果表明,黄河口现场条件下水体中钙与磷之间存在某些离子平衡,黄河口水体中磷—钙矿物的离子积受温度、悬浮物种类及粒度影响较小,而与水体盐度、磷酸盐及钙含量有关,但不足以形成磷—钙矿物沉淀;磷—钙矿物的沉淀和溶解在黄河口磷酸盐浓度的控制机制上所起的作用较小,而悬浮颗粒物表面对磷酸盐的吸附和解吸起了较大的作用。 相似文献
2.
黄河口磷酸盐缓冲机制的探讨Ⅲ.磷酸盐交叉缓冲图及"稳定pH范围" 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
于 1 994年 5月— 1 995年 6月在实验室进行了不同磷酸盐浓度、pH条件下的悬浮物吸附解吸模拟实验 ,对黄河口磷酸盐的缓冲机制进行了探讨。黄河口悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附量 (解吸量 )随磷酸盐浓度的增大而增大 (减小 ) ,零平衡时磷酸盐浓度 (EPC0 )值在 0 .4— 1 .3μmol/dm3之间 ,且随温度的升高和悬浮物粒度的增大而略有减小。黄河口悬浮物的线性吸附系数 (K)在 0 .0 3— 0 .40dm3/g之间 ,且随温度的升高呈线性关系增加 ,随悬浮物粒度的减小呈指数形式增加。盐度对EPC0 和K基本没有影响。在pH对黄河口悬浮物吸附和解吸磷酸盐的影响实验中 ,首次发现在pH约为 7.7— 9.3范围内存在“稳定pH范围” ,在此范围内悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附量和解吸量不随水体pH值发生变化。此范围的大小和位置随实验条件不同而略有变化 ,稳定pH范围随温度的上升有所减小且左移 (pH减小方向 ) ,随着悬浮物粒度的增大稳定pH范围有所增大且右移。 相似文献
3.
黄河口磷酸盐缓冲机制的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
１９９４年５月￣１９９５年６月,利用黄河口悬浮颗粒物,在实验室内于不同温度、盐度、磷酸盐浓度、ＰＨ值悬浮物粒度条件下进行了悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附和解吸模拟实验,通过水体中几种磷－钙矿物的离子平衡计算,对黄河口磷酸盐的缓冲机制进行了探讨。结果表明,黄河口现场条件下水体与钙与磷之间霜些离子平衡,黄河口水体中磷－钙矿物的离子积受温度、悬浮物种类及粒度影响较小,而与水体盐度、磷酸盐及钙含量有关,但不足以形成 相似文献
4.
黄河口磷酸盐缓冲机制的探讨 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
以黄河口为研究对象,通过对温度、盐度、平衡时间、县浮物含量等模拟河口现场条件,对黄河口磷酸盐的缓冲机制进行了探讨,黄河口悬浮行对磷酸盐的吸附和解吸一般在４－５ｈ后就已趋于平衡;随着水体悬浮物含量的增加,对磷酸盐的吸附－解吸量呈指数形式下降,粒度减小使吸附量－解吸量呈指数形式增加,盐度对解吸量的影响程度大于吸附量,最大附和最小解吸出现在低盐度区;温度对吸附－解吸平衡的影响较大,随温度升高吸附量和解吸 相似文献
5.
黄河口海域沉积物对重金属的吸附 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以黄河口海域表层沉积物为研究对象,研究沉积物对重金属Cu、Pb的吸附特性,将沉积物筛分为4种粒级,探讨粒度、pH值、吸附时间和吸附剂初始浓度对重金属吸附的影响。结果表明:沉积物粒径越小,对重金属的吸附量越大;吸附平衡时间有所差异,但在1.5h均能达到吸附平衡;吸附量均随pH值升高而逐渐增加,但铜的吸附较铅的吸附速度快;铜的吸附量与吸附剂初始浓度呈线性关系,而铅的吸附量在初始浓度较低时变化明显,随初始浓度增加吸附量增加减小;沉积物对铜吸附等温线符合Langmuir型,铅吸附等温线符合Freundlich型,吸附类型存在差异。重金属在沉积物中的吸附规律研究为黄河口海域污染调查及治理提供了科学依据。 相似文献
6.
黄河口磷酸盐缓冲机制的探讨──Ⅰ.黄河口悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附-解吸研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以黄河口为研究对象,通过对温度、盐度、平衡时间、悬浮物含量等模拟河口现场条件,对黄河口磷酸盐的缓冲机制进行了探讨。黄河口悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附和解吸一般在4－5h后就已趋于平衡;随着水体悬浮物含量的增加,对磷酸盐的吸附-解吸量呈指数形式下降,粒度减小使吸附量-解吸量呈指数形式增加;盐度对解吸量的影响程度大于吸附量,最大吸附和最小解吸出现在低盐度区;温度对吸附-解吸平衡的影响较大,随温度升高吸附量和解吸量均呈线性关系增加,且平衡时间有所延长。 相似文献
7.
九龙江河口区溶解态、颗粒态铀同位素的地球化学行为 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对九龙江河口区枯、丰水期水体中溶解态、颗粒态铀同位素地球化学行为的研究表明,溶解态铀与盐度存在良好的正相关关系,证实枯、丰水期该河口区水体中的铀均是保守行为。在低盐度区域（Ｓ＜１０）,~２３８Ｕ主要以颗粒态形式存在,颗粒态~２３８Ｕ所占份额随盐度增加而降低。~（２３８）Ｕ之条件分配系数介于 １． ２ × １０~３～１． ５ ×１０~５ｄｍ~３／ｋｇ之间,它与盐度呈负相关关系,但与悬浮颗粒物浓度无相关关系存在。枯水期悬浮颗粒物上~２３４Ｕ／~２３８Ｕ_Ａ．Ｒ．与盐度的负相关关系为河口区悬浮颗粒物中~２３４Ｕ的优先沥取理论提供了有力的证据。 相似文献
8.
为利用遥感技术快速、及时的掌握厦门近岸海域水体中悬浮颗粒物的总体分布情况,现场测量了厦门海域水体的下行入射辐射、天空光以及经过水气界面后反射回的辐射,计算了该海域水体表面的离水辐射获得了水体表面以上遥感反射率;同时采集了与光谱信息同步的水体样品,并分析了水体中的悬浮颗粒物质量浓度,获取了对应站位的水体反射波谱曲线和采集样品的浓度数据.通过研究不同站位水体的反射光谱数据,依据GF-WFV波段设置,对现场实测的光谱数据进行了拟合,并创建了基于GF-WFV拟合波段的悬浮颗粒物浓度经验反演算法.通过研究发现拟合(Rrs3+Rrs4)/Rrs2(其中Rrs1、Rrs2、Rrs3、Rrs4分别是GF-WFV第1、2、3、4波段的遥感反射率)同实测水体悬浮颗粒物质量浓度之间的决定系数为0.655,依据研究得出的反演算法反演该海域水体悬浮颗粒物质量浓度,其均方根误差为11.03 mg/dm3,相对误差为8.40 mg/dm3.利用同步的GF-WFV遥感数据对厦门近岸水体中总悬浮颗粒物质量浓度进行了研究,获取了研究区水体悬浮颗粒物的空间分布情况,结果表明GF-WFV遥感数据能很好的反映厦门近岸水体悬浮颗粒物浓度分布状况. 相似文献
9.
海南近海海域浊度与悬浮颗粒物粒径的分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2005年8-9月在海南西部近海海域底质调查获得的水体浊度、悬浮颗粒物粒径的数据和资料,探讨了该区浊度和悬浮颗粒物粒径的分布规律,结果表明:(1)研究区表层水体浊度与悬浮颗粒物的总体积浓度由岸向外海方向逐渐减小,底部水体浊度与悬浮颗粒物的体积浓度高值区呈斑状分布;(2)研究区的水体浊度和悬浮颗粒物体积浓度随着水深增大而增大,部分调查站位出现异常现象;(3)研究区表层和底部水体浊度与悬浮颗粒物各粒级的体积浓度相关性较好,相关系数在0.85以上。 相似文献
10.
天然水体中悬浮颗粒物电泳性质的研究 Ⅲ.金属离子及金属离子-有机物对悬浮颗粒物电泳淌度的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文研究了金属离子对悬浮颗粒物电泳淌度的影响,实验结果表明,海水中的常量碱土金属离子Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)使高岭石及伊利石的电泳淌度的绝对值明显变小,很可能是粘土类悬浮物电泳淌度的控制因素.金属离子Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)对γ-AlOOH的电泳淌度影响很小,而对高岭石的电泳淌度影响较大,但考虑到海水中重金属离子的浓度远比本实验中浓度小得多,因此可以认为天然水体中重金属离子对悬浮颗粒物的电泳淌度的影响可以忽略,当有机物与金属离子共存时,有机物与自由金属离子络合,从而减小了自由金属离子浓度,因而减小了金属离子对悬浮颗粒物电泳淌度的影响. 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺的检测方法初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究的目的是探索一种检测双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺含量的方法。以栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)和长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为实验对象,研究了取样、抗氧化剂、氧化铝用量以及Tris缓冲液用量等对实验结果的影响。结果表明,高效液相色谱电化学检测器法(HPLC-ECD)可以灵敏高效地对双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺进行定性、定量检测。实验表明,取样时间最长不超过1.5min;还原性谷胱甘肽作抗氧化剂效果较好;前处理各试剂与血样量的最适配比为血样量1.5mL,Tris缓冲液(1.5mol/L,pH8.6)1mL和氧化铝25mg;水洗后离心并尽可能吸干氧化铝中的水分。去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的回收率分别为53%~69%、47%~73%和48%~56%。 相似文献
15.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
16.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。 相似文献
17.
The authors have previously determined that the effectiveness and failure pattern of the ice cover caused by flexural-gravity waves generated by a submerged body motion near the bottom ice can greatly depend on the depth of the water area. In its turn, the presence of a ledge on the ice surface may affect a wave propagation pattern. This paper presents an experimental study of the bottom contour influence on the deflection and length of flexural-gravity waves. The authors describe a numerical model for the analysis of the deformed state of ice caused by hydrodynamic loads due to a submarine motion, taking into account the bottom contour. The experiments are carried out in the ice tank. The results of calculations and experiments are compared. 相似文献
18.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
19.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
20.
The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene. 相似文献