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企业家共同社会责任是指一个企业或“企业公民”对社会应该承担的义务,涉及到企业与相关利益群体之间的相互关系和价值观、操守以及对人的尊重、社群和企业的环境政策等各个方面。很明显,这一概念的核心是企业对基于经济、社会和环境可持续发展的一种责任和承诺,以改善和提高利益相关方的生活水准和条件。当前,企业家共同社会责任不再仅仅是一种道德伦理而已,而且已经成为一种制度性的自律和规定行为。目前的共识是,在运营过程中一个企业必须时刻关注它对客户、员工、股东、社群、地区发展和环境的经济、社会和道德后果,并使它们取得一个比较好的前景。基于这一观点和理念,本文以跨国公司企业家共同社会责任为视角,主要探讨了跨国公司研发活动与上海浦东新区——我国新经济的高地之一——发展的相互作用,以探索跨国公司研发活动、地区经济增长以及它们在形成灵活创新网络、促进可持续发展中的不同功能和共同作用。内容包括六个部分：1）企业家共同社会责任的相关概念及其关系;2）跨国公司在浦东研发活动的现状和态势;3）跨国公司研发活动与地区经济的联系模式和紧密程度;4）跨国公司在浦东研发活动中存在的主要问题;5）地区灵活创新网络的内涵;6）形成灵活创新网络的方式和途径。 相似文献
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The environmental performance of transnational corporations (TNCs) may need to be updated to include evidence of increased corporate environmental responsibility. This is a challenge to geographical perspectives that have been critical of the environmental performance of TNCs. The paper reports the findings of a survey of TNCs with branches in Singapore. Using the survey evidence, TNCs are classified according to their degree of participation in a range of voluntary environmental initiatives. According to the classification, there is a similar proportion of low and high performers but a dominance of medium level activity that can involve little organisational change. A significant association between organisational size and environmental activity is found. Respondents most frequently report that corporate environmental standards motivate environmental action in Singapore. Overall the survey evidence indicates that few TNCs are significantly changing their environmental behaviour. The absence of citizen, NGO and government pressure on TNCs is reducing the extent of voluntary environmental action in Singapore and expectations of widespread corporate greening overlook organisational differences in their opportunity to benefit from investment in environmental management. It is concluded that voluntary corporate environmentalism does not reduce the need for government regulation. 相似文献
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90年代以后，我国公司地理学研究取得了很大的进步，目前的研究主要集中在五个方面：国有企业研究、跨国公司研究、乡镇企业研究、高新技术企业研究和生态工业园区研究。但还是存在一些不足，针对问题，对我国公司地理研究提出了八个方面展望：加强理论与方法研究、加强小公司和三次产业地理研究、加强对欠发达区域公司空间行为研究、加强对信息网络对公司空间组织的影响研究、加强对区域政策效用的研究、加强WTO背景下公司地理研究、重视工业可持续发展研究、深化企业之间相互联系研究。 相似文献
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Thomas O. Graff 《The Professional geographer》1998,50(1):46-57
Wal-Mart and Kmart, the two largest American discount retailers, have begun to utilize a supercenter retailing format that combines a full-service grocery store with a discount department store. Supercenters are expected to be the major format for future expansion of each of these firms. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatial expansion strategies of each firm for the locations of its supercenters. Wal-Mart is quickly expanding its number of supercenters in modest-sized communities clustered around its grocery distribution centers, especially in Southern states. Conversely, most Super Kmart Centers are located inthe suburbs of widely scattered major metropolitan markets, and Kmart has yet to develop a grocery distribution network. Kmart currently has major financial problems that severely restrict the expansion of the Super Kmart Center format. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):722-737
This paper argues that calls for multicultural curricula in universities across the US can be met with strategic curricular interventions that radically confront gendered racisms across regional, national, and international racial formations. Faculty who risk making such interventions should plan for student and institutional resistances. Intersecting consumer and corporate interests desire universities to be socially nonconflictual and economical places of leisure and entertainment, not sites of critical intervention. Accordingly, we theorize how and why faculty committed to oppositional multiculturalism might be cast as transgressive. In so doing, we pay particular attention to how identity politics are quadrangulated through embodiment, performance, time, and place. We additionally discuss ways for systematically working against the grain of gendered racisms and for supporting those who are teaching multiculturalism (critically) or seen to embody it. Working against the grain is particularly important as we enter the 21st century, given the increasing diversification of faculty and student bodies in universities across the US and the attendant risks “diverse” persons take, risks generally not experienced or acknowledged by White Americans. 相似文献
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This paper argues that calls for multicultural curricula in universities across the US can be met with strategic curricular interventions that radically confront gendered racisms across regional, national, and international racial formations. Faculty who risk making such interventions should plan for student and institutional resistances. Intersecting consumer and corporate interests desire universities to be socially nonconflictual and economical places of leisure and entertainment, not sites of critical intervention. Accordingly, we theorize how and why faculty committed to oppositional multiculturalism might be cast as transgressive. In so doing, we pay particular attention to how identity politics are quadrangulated through embodiment, performance, time, and place. We additionally discuss ways for systematically working against the grain of gendered racisms and for supporting those who are teaching multiculturalism (critically) or seen to embody it. Working against the grain is particularly important as we enter the 21st century, given the increasing diversification of faculty and student bodies in universities across the US and the attendant risks “diverse” persons take, risks generally not experienced or acknowledged by White Americans. 相似文献
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Do firms adopt lower standards in poorer areas? Corporate social responsibility and environmental justice in the EU and the US 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Andy Gouldson 《Area》2006,38(4):402-412
Within the context of broader debates on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental justice (EJ), this paper examines three key questions: first, how the standards that corporations adopt at the global scale trickle down into local site-level practices; second, whether levels of corporate environmental performance vary from place to place; and third whether any variations in corporate environmental performance relate to the principles of EJ. To do this, the analysis draws upon recently disclosed data to evaluate variations in the environmental performance of oil refineries across the US and the EU. It finds significant variations in emissions of some key pollutants. These exist both across the range of refineries, with dirtier refineries emitting at least five times as much as cleaner refineries, and between the EU and the US, with refineries in the EU emitting more than twice as much as refineries in the US. At the local level, it finds that there are correlations between higher levels of emissions from refineries and lower levels of income, employment and population density. Although these findings provide support for some of the contentions of the EJ movement, they do not say anything about causality, and as a result we cannot say definitively that companies adopt lower standards in poorer areas. 相似文献
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中国城市技术转移网络空间格局分析——基于企业控股与专利转移的视角 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于大数据挖掘获取的2018年中国城市间战略性新兴产业企业控股数据与发明专利权转移数据,模拟企业控股与专利转移2种路径下的城市技术转移网络。结合地理空间及复杂网络分析方法,从城市中心性、多尺度网络关联强度、社区结构及距离衰减特征等方面进行了分析。结果表明：① 企业控股与专利转移的城市强度中心性分别呈“核心?边缘”与带状集群分布,区域中心城市与东部沿海发达城市分别在企业与专利联系网络中发挥了主要的中介作用,专利转移相比企业控股更有利于不同专业类别的技术转移;② 企业联系网络具有等级层次性,专利联系网络则更具开放性与流动性。其中企业控股为具有协调性的单向主导型转移路径,而专利转移为追求效益性的双向交互型转移路径;③ 企业联系网络中主要为“连片集聚,逐步扩散”的地理邻近式社区结构,而专利联系网络呈“局部合伙,广泛协作”的跨区域组团模式。④ 企业控股与专利转移均具有显著的距离衰减特征,但二者在不同阶段的距离衰减模式存在差异。 相似文献
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中国城市的网络地位及影响因素研究——基于上市公司500强企业网络视角 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
利用2016年中国上市公司500强企业网络数据和隶属联系方法构建城市网络,解析了中国城市的网络地位分异格局,并定量测度了城市网络地位的影响因素,在城市网络“行为-结构-绩效”分析框架下解释了地位分异的动力机制。研究发现：正则等价性模型识别的15个正则等价块分化为首位者、经纪人、接收者和孤立者4个地位类型;地位间关系呈现“核心-半边缘-边缘”结构特征,其中首位者地位的正则等价块形成凝聚子群并占据网络权力的核心,经纪人和接收者地位的块位于半边缘位置,孤立者地位的块处于网络权力的边缘;市场潜力、政治资源、知识资本、区位条件和发展基础是中国城市网络地位的关键影响因素;规模偏好、择优选择、地理临近和路径依赖构成了城市网络地位分异的动力机制。城市网络的发展倾向于扩大城市间发展差距,中国城市化政策和城市治理体系需要做出相应调整。 相似文献
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信息时代,信息技术对传统地理学的许多理论和概念提出了新的挑战。其中,尤其值得我们关注的是信息技术对传统产业集群理论提出的挑战以及赋予其的新活力。本文结合统计数据、企业访谈和问卷调查等数据,以37个实地调研的产业集群为案例,分析信息技术可能带来的产业集群空间组织的演变及延伸。研究表明,信息技术的广泛应用为产业集群的发展和演化提供了一种新的契机和媒介,信息技术带来的产业集群空间组织变革过程中既有集聚又有扩散。总体来说,可以归纳为四种模式,即网络式集群"、信息港"式集群、虚拟集群、走向衰落。 相似文献
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都市圈规划与管理研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
都市圈作为一种创新的区域发展模式,是地理学研究的一个领域,为经济学界、规划学界及其他相关学科所关注。本文系统的讨论了都市圈的定义、特征及基本理论问题,阐述了都市圈的城市、产业、空间结构等要素的研究概况,分析了都市圈规划与管理的研究现状,进一步探讨都市圈理论与实践研究的方向和趋势。 相似文献
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国内外城乡统筹研究进展及其地理学视角 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
城乡统筹是中国当前针对城乡问题提出的美好愿景,其实现过程成为学术界研究的热点,地理学因其区域研究方面独特优势成为城乡统筹研究的重要学科.总结了国外城乡关系的发展过程、经典理论、研究特点和新趋向,国内城乡统筹研究现状、发展目标及主要研究特点;评析了国内外地理学有关城乡统筹问题的主要研究内容和方向,指出其不足之处;提出未来发展趋势. 相似文献
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<正> 全世界现有水土流失面积2500万平方公里,占全球陆地面积的16.8％,年均水土流失量260亿吨,其中,中国水土流失面积367万平方公里,年水土流失量在50亿吨以上。水土流失使有关国家和地区的生态环境和社会经济发展受到严重损害。据估计,中国由于水土流失每年损失土地约13.3万公顷, 相似文献
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对水菱镁石(3MgCO3.Mg(OH)2.3H2O)和斜方云石(3MgCO3.CaCO3)的开发与应用做了评述。内容包括简史、物化性能和开采加工,以及在氧化镁、重质碱式碳酸镁和镁质阻燃剂制取方面的应用,并展望了开发前景。 相似文献